Pub Date : 2018-12-30DOI: 10.5354/0719-5249.2018.52046
Carlos Rivera Hernández
En el presente trabajo se analizan las principales normas de la Ley N°20.529 (en adelante, Ley SAC), que regulan la figura del Administrador Provisional de establecimientos subvencionados o que reciban aportes del Estado. Sugiere que la limitada configuración legal del referido interventor deviene en la pérdida de su eficacia normativa y práctica, impactando negativamente en la gestión administrativa y política de los órganos administrativos del sector. En tal sentido, se plantea que la deficiente técnica legislativa empleada en el diseño de esta figura de Administración Provisional en materia escolar, produce que los actores del sistema escolar no comprendan adecuadamente su verdadera naturaleza y finalidad pública.
{"title":"El Administrador Provisional de Establecimientos Educacionales en el Sistema Escolar Chileno: ¿Es útil esta técnica de intervención administrativa?","authors":"Carlos Rivera Hernández","doi":"10.5354/0719-5249.2018.52046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-5249.2018.52046","url":null,"abstract":"En el presente trabajo se analizan las principales normas de la Ley N°20.529 (en adelante, Ley SAC), que regulan la figura del Administrador \u0000Provisional de establecimientos subvencionados o que reciban aportes del Estado. Sugiere que la limitada configuración legal del referido interventor deviene en la pérdida de su eficacia normativa y práctica, impactando negativamente en la gestión administrativa y política de los órganos administrativos del sector. En tal sentido, se plantea que la deficiente técnica legislativa empleada en el diseño de esta figura de Administración Provisional en materia escolar, produce que los actores del sistema escolar no comprendan adecuadamente su verdadera naturaleza y finalidad pública.","PeriodicalId":440704,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Público","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122091223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-30DOI: 10.5354/0719-5249.2018.52027
Daniel Álvarez Valenzuela
El presente artículo tiene por objeto revisar el estado actual de la protección de la privacidad de las personas en Internet, a partir del análisis de la jurisprudencia constitucional emanada tanto del Tribunal Constitucional como de la Corte Suprema y algunas Cortes de Apelaciones del país relativa al derecho a la vida privada y al derecho a la inviolabilidad de toda forma de comunicación privada. Veremos cómo las prácticas más cotidianas de los usuarios de Internet (el uso de correo electrónico, el intercambio de mensajes y la navegación en Internet) están siendo amparadas por la jurisprudencia constitucional más relevante, sin perjuicio de algunas sentencias que han negado la tutela por cuestiones meramente formales, a pesar de la especial protección que requieren estas formas de comunicación.
{"title":"Privacidad en línea en la jurisprudencia constitucional chilena","authors":"Daniel Álvarez Valenzuela","doi":"10.5354/0719-5249.2018.52027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-5249.2018.52027","url":null,"abstract":"El presente artículo tiene por objeto revisar el estado actual de la protección de la privacidad de las personas en Internet, a partir del análisis de la jurisprudencia constitucional emanada tanto del Tribunal Constitucional como de la Corte Suprema y algunas Cortes de Apelaciones del país relativa al derecho a la vida privada y al derecho a la inviolabilidad de toda forma de comunicación privada. Veremos cómo las prácticas más cotidianas de los usuarios de Internet (el uso de correo electrónico, el intercambio de mensajes y la navegación en Internet) están siendo amparadas por la jurisprudencia constitucional más relevante, sin perjuicio de algunas sentencias que han negado la tutela por cuestiones meramente formales, a pesar de la especial protección que requieren estas formas de comunicación.","PeriodicalId":440704,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Público","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115893809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-30DOI: 10.5354/0719-5249.2018.52038
Jaime Jara Schnettler
Se presenta un somero análisis del régimen procesal de impugnación de las sanciones administrativas, en el marco general de las disfuncionalidades que presenta el inorgánico y fragmentado cuadro de la actual Justicia Administrativa chilena. El trabajo examina el problema de las facultades del juez y el estándar de revisión que deberían posibilitar estos mecanismos procesales especiales. Se recoge como parámetro para ello tanto las críticas formuladas por la literatura chilena especializada como la referencia al sistema europeo de Derechos Humanos que plantea la exigencia del Recurso de Plena Jurisdicción como un dispositivo específico integrado en la garantía del proceso equitativo. Bajo este prisma se aboga por un rol amplio y extensivo de los Tribunales llamados a enjuiciar la legalidad de las decisiones de la Administración, en armonía con los principios constitucionales del justo y racional procedimiento. El autor cuestiona si el disperso régimen contencioso-administrativo vigente permite alcanzar ese umbral de exigencias procesales mínimamente compatibles con el estándar plenario en la revisión jurisdiccional.
{"title":"La revisión jurisdiccional de las sanciones administrativas y la garantía del recurso de plena jurisdicción","authors":"Jaime Jara Schnettler","doi":"10.5354/0719-5249.2018.52038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-5249.2018.52038","url":null,"abstract":"Se presenta un somero análisis del régimen procesal de impugnación de las sanciones administrativas, en el marco general de las disfuncionalidades que presenta el inorgánico y fragmentado cuadro de la actual Justicia Administrativa chilena. El trabajo examina el problema de las facultades del juez y el estándar de revisión que deberían posibilitar estos mecanismos procesales especiales. Se recoge como parámetro para ello tanto las críticas formuladas por la literatura chilena especializada como la referencia al sistema europeo de Derechos Humanos que plantea la exigencia del Recurso de Plena Jurisdicción como un dispositivo específico integrado en la garantía del proceso equitativo. Bajo este prisma se aboga por un rol amplio y extensivo de los Tribunales llamados a enjuiciar la legalidad de las decisiones de la Administración, en armonía con los principios constitucionales del justo y racional procedimiento. El autor cuestiona si el disperso régimen contencioso-administrativo vigente permite alcanzar ese umbral de exigencias procesales mínimamente compatibles con el estándar plenario en la revisión jurisdiccional.","PeriodicalId":440704,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Público","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115811514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
La atencion sanitaria comprende en su esencia el respeto a la dignidad de la persona y la consideracion de su condicion humana. El ordenamiento juridico internacional ha ido en estos 70 anos de consolidacion normativa incorporando paulatinamente previsiones relativas a la salud como valor a proteger inherente a la persona humana, y concretamente al reconocimiento del derecho humano a la salud, lo que comprende la atencion sanitaria de calidad, el acceso a tratamientos y medicamentos y la consideracion de otros aspectos determinantes de la salud como la alimentacion y la satisfaccion de necesidades basicas. Este proceso tambien se va profundizando en el ambito jurisprudencial con interpretaciones que van marcando una tendencia hacia la justiciabilidad de los derechos de naturaleza economica y social. Y concretamente en relacion al derecho humano a la salud la interpretacion que apuesta a proyectar el principio de progresividad contenido en el articulo 26 de la Convencion Americana sobre Derechos Humanos, en vinculacion con el articulo 1 relativo a la obligacion de los Estados de respetar los derechos reconocidos en ella y a garantizar su pleno y libre ejercicio en toda su jurisdiccion.
{"title":"PRINCIPIO DE PROGRESIVIDAD EN RELACIÓN AL DERECHO A LA SALUD Y SUS CONSIDERACIONES DESDE LA ÉTICA Y EL DERECHO","authors":"M. Valdés","doi":"10.31672/54.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31672/54.7","url":null,"abstract":"La atencion sanitaria comprende en su esencia el respeto a la dignidad de la persona y la consideracion de su condicion humana. El ordenamiento juridico internacional ha ido en estos 70 anos de consolidacion normativa incorporando paulatinamente previsiones relativas a la salud como valor a proteger inherente a la persona humana, y concretamente al reconocimiento del derecho humano a la salud, lo que comprende la atencion sanitaria de calidad, el acceso a tratamientos y medicamentos y la consideracion de otros aspectos determinantes de la salud como la alimentacion y la satisfaccion de necesidades basicas. \u0000Este proceso tambien se va profundizando en el ambito jurisprudencial con interpretaciones que van marcando una tendencia hacia la justiciabilidad de los derechos de naturaleza economica y social. Y concretamente en relacion al derecho humano a la salud la interpretacion que apuesta a proyectar el principio de progresividad contenido en el articulo 26 de la Convencion Americana sobre Derechos Humanos, en vinculacion con el articulo 1 relativo a la obligacion de los Estados de respetar los derechos reconocidos en ella y a garantizar su pleno y libre ejercicio en toda su jurisdiccion.","PeriodicalId":440704,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Público","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121882256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present work is a practical and applied comparative study of a generic aspect highlighted both in the preamble of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and in its text, this is cooperation for development among States and the right to a living condition with human dignity. In this regard, the management of international fresh water and environmental sustainability becomes an aspect of great importance, that will have an increasing incidence in future years. In this understanding, the main aspects of the two main international conventions, the 1992 Water Convention and the 1997 Convention that regulate both the uses of international watercourses for purposes other than navigation, are analyzedhere. To the extent of this coincidence, it seems necessary to specify the differences between them, especially when both are in force and open to the ratification or accession of more States. We will take as a basis the Water Convention (which was the last of the two to be internationalized and contains more detailed rules) and we will analyze its main provisions, observing the extent to which they diverge or are compatible with the provisions of the Convention of 1997, to conclude on this aspect and its consequences.
{"title":"EL CONVENIO DEL AGUA DE LA UNECE: ¿UN INSTRUMENTO COMPATIBLE CON LA CONVENCIÓN DE 1997 PARA REGULAR LOS USOS DEL AGUA DULCE INTERNACIONAL? UN ANÁLISIS COMPARADO","authors":"A. Fillol","doi":"10.31672/54.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31672/54.4","url":null,"abstract":"The present work is a practical and applied comparative study of a generic aspect highlighted both in the preamble of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and in its text, this is cooperation for development among States and the right to a living condition with human dignity. In this regard, the management of international fresh water and environmental sustainability becomes an aspect of great importance, that will have an increasing incidence in future years. In this understanding, the main aspects of the two main international conventions, the 1992 Water Convention and the 1997 Convention that regulate both the uses of international watercourses for purposes other than navigation, are analyzedhere. To the extent of this coincidence, it seems necessary to specify the differences between them, especially when both are in force and open to the ratification or accession of more States. We will take as a basis the Water Convention (which was the last of the two to be internationalized and contains more detailed rules) and we will analyze its main provisions, observing the extent to which they diverge or are compatible with the provisions of the Convention of 1997, to conclude on this aspect and its consequences.","PeriodicalId":440704,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Público","volume":"33 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124467167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the Constitutional Rule of Law, the relationship between the individual and the State is increasingly based on the centrality of the former, which finds its foundation in human dignity and that projects its consequences in all dimensions of human life (personal, social and transcendental). In this context, the relevance of the pro homine principle is unquestionable for the purposes of the resolution of disputes involving human rights. The projection of such principle over the Administration’s duties is particularly interesting, considering that the Administration exists and acts pursuant to its characteristic essential services.
{"title":"DIGNIDAD HUMANA Y PRINCIPIO “PRO HÓMINE” EN LOS LITIGIOS SOBRE DERECHOS HUMANOS","authors":"Carlos E. Delpiazzo","doi":"10.31672/54.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31672/54.2","url":null,"abstract":"In the Constitutional Rule of Law, the relationship between the individual and the State is increasingly based on the centrality of the former, which finds its foundation in human dignity and that projects its consequences in all dimensions of human life (personal, social and transcendental). In this context, the relevance of the pro homine principle is unquestionable for the purposes of the resolution of disputes involving human rights. The projection of such principle over the Administration’s duties is particularly interesting, considering that the Administration exists and acts pursuant to its characteristic essential services.","PeriodicalId":440704,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Público","volume":"198 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125729536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Throughout this paper, the embodiment of political rights of women in Uruguay will be analyzed, over the 19th and the 20th Centuries, and from a legal-political-constitutional perspective. A brief universal journey in relation to the feminist movement will be drafted, in order to later analyze the Uruguayan Constitutions of 1830, 1918 and 1934. Such constitutional analysis will end in 1934 as the constitutional provision regarding citizenship remains unchanged and therefore subsequent Constitutions do no more than to reflect it. From the text of the Constitution, this paper analyze the existing situation at that time, the role of women within Uruguayan society as well as the different stances that arose revolving around the issue of women’s suffrage.
{"title":"LOS DERECHOS POLÍTICOS DE LA MUJER EN LA EVOLUCIÓN CONSTITUCIONAL URUGUAYA","authors":"Camila Umpiérrez Blengio","doi":"10.31672/54.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31672/54.5","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout this paper, the embodiment of political rights of women in Uruguay will be analyzed, over the 19th and the 20th Centuries, and from a legal-political-constitutional perspective. A brief universal journey in relation to the feminist movement will be drafted, in order to later analyze the Uruguayan Constitutions of 1830, 1918 and 1934. Such constitutional analysis will end in 1934 as the constitutional provision regarding citizenship remains unchanged and therefore subsequent Constitutions do no more than to reflect it. From the text of the Constitution, this paper analyze the existing situation at that time, the role of women within Uruguayan society as well as the different stances that arose revolving around the issue of women’s suffrage.","PeriodicalId":440704,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Público","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133134419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The 1948 Human Rights Declarations, both the American and the Universal, recognized the rights to life, freedom and security, prohibited torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatments or punishment, and required an effective remedy against acts violating fundamental rights. Seventy years later, Uruguay still discusses over impunity of crimes committed within State terrorism. Progress made by judges and Courts towards the identification and prosecution of those responsible has been blocked by subsequent hindrances. The most recent Supreme Court of Justice case law rejects by majority vote the imprescriptibility of such crimes. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the arguments underpinning such decision.
{"title":"DERECHOS HUMANOS Y DELITOS DE LESA HUMANIDAD","authors":"Alicia Castro","doi":"10.31672/54.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31672/54.1","url":null,"abstract":"The 1948 Human Rights Declarations, both the American and the Universal, recognized the rights to life, freedom and security, prohibited torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatments or punishment, and required an effective remedy against acts violating fundamental rights. Seventy years later, Uruguay still discusses over impunity of crimes committed within State terrorism. Progress made by judges and Courts towards the identification and prosecution of those responsible has been blocked by subsequent hindrances. The most recent Supreme Court of Justice case law rejects by majority vote the imprescriptibility of such crimes. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the arguments underpinning such decision.","PeriodicalId":440704,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Público","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130394513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Analysis of the new regime established by Law No. 19.529 regarding rights of patients with mental disorders, recognition of certain capacity to act, whether or not they are declared legally incapable, adjustments to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of the UN dated December 10, 1948 and to the International Conventions on disabled persons approved by Uruguay, the problem of the disposal of personal rights in case of incapability , the possibility of granting informed consent for this type of patients, voluntary, involuntary and judicial hospitalization regimes as well as of organic aspects of the new law.
{"title":"NUEVO MARCO JURÍDICO DE LA SALUD MENTAL EN URUGUAY","authors":"Natalia Veloso Giribaldi","doi":"10.31672/54.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31672/54.6","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of the new regime established by Law No. 19.529 regarding rights of patients with mental disorders, recognition of certain capacity to act, whether or not they are declared legally incapable, adjustments to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of the UN dated December 10, 1948 and to the International Conventions on disabled persons approved by Uruguay, the problem of the disposal of personal rights in case of incapability , the possibility of granting informed consent for this type of patients, voluntary, involuntary and judicial hospitalization regimes as well as of organic aspects of the new law.","PeriodicalId":440704,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Público","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129832904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
“La Declaracion Universal de Derechos Humanos esindudablemente la expresion de la conciencia juridicade la humanidad, representada en la ONU y, como tal, fuentede un derecho superior de un higher law, cuyos principiosno pueden desconocer sus miembros.” (R. CASSIN) The present reflection raises the possibility of rehabilitating the natural law proposal, which has historically contributed so much to the development of human rights, applied to the text of the Universal Declaration of 1948. In any case, it would be a proposal inscribed in deontological and critical natural law (not ontological), where Natural Law is configured as a legal ethic and a parameter for assessing the legitimacy of positive orders. In this sense, the Universal Declaration is still the first and most significant document for the construction of a universal and planetary ethics
{"title":"TRAS SETENTA AÑOS DE VIGENCIA DE LA DECLARACIÓN UNIVERSAL DE DERECHOS HUMANOS","authors":"María Luisa Marín Castán","doi":"10.31672/54.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31672/54.3","url":null,"abstract":"“La Declaracion Universal de Derechos Humanos esindudablemente la expresion de la conciencia juridicade la humanidad, representada en la ONU y, como tal, fuentede un derecho superior de un higher law, cuyos principiosno pueden desconocer sus miembros.” (R. CASSIN) \u0000The present reflection raises the possibility of rehabilitating the natural law proposal, which has historically contributed so much to the development of human rights, applied to the text of the Universal Declaration of 1948. In any case, it would be a proposal inscribed in deontological and critical natural law (not ontological), where Natural Law is configured as a legal ethic and a parameter for assessing the legitimacy of positive orders. In this sense, the Universal Declaration is still the first and most significant document for the construction of a universal and planetary ethics","PeriodicalId":440704,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Público","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126459289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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