Ecological Questions最新文献

{"title":"Poaceae and Fabaceae of meadows of Poltava region and their protein value","authors":"Larysa Orlova, N. Vlasenko, S. Gapon, Maryna Zhuk, M. Dyachenko-Bohun, N. Hrytsai, I. Grygus","doi":"10.12775/eq.2022.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/eq.2022.008","url":null,"abstract":"The main representatives of meadow Poaceae and Fabaceae of Poltava region are established and their ecomorphic analysis is made 93 species of meadow Poaceae have been found in meadow phytocenoses, which are grouped into 44 genera. Among the found cereals on biomorphs are dominated by perennials (73.0%), on climamorphs among them approximately the same number of cryptophytes and hemicryptophytes, consideration of hygromorphs of the family indicates the predominance of mesophytic plants (56.0%), the bulk of species by tropomorphs belongs to mesotrophic (46.0%), viewing heliomorphs of identified family members indicates their photophobia. 71 species of Fabaceae belonging to 16 genera were found in the meadows. According to biomorphs, most of the identified species are perennials (73.0%). According to ecomorphs, mesophilic, light-loving species, which love soils of medium richness (more than half of all identified species), predominate among the studied species. The consequences of studying the protein in meadow Poaceae and Fabaceae of Poltava region are given. The total protein accumulation in the species studied by us was in the range of 2.5–25.8%. The average values for families are given and specific quantitative indicators of separate genera and species are given. The division of the studied species into three groups according to the content of the indicator is proposed: with low (up to 6.9%), medium (7.0-13.0%) and high (more than 13.0%) number. The studied species were analyzed on a scale of protein content (from 0 to 20 points). According to the given score, the studied cereals are in the group of species with low and medium content, and legumes - medium and high.  In the dynamics of protein content during the phases of the growing season you can see a certain trend. Maximum protein is accumulated by representatives at earlier stages of ontogenesis. Analysis of the indicator, depending on their relationship to the biomorph showed some patterns. Thus, annual species, on average, contain an indicator at the level of the second group, and perennial - all three groups. Two-year-olds most often have protein at the level of the third group. This is understandable because they need a lot of nutrients for overwintering and active flowering and fruit formation  next year. Moisture conditions also affect protein accumulation. Thus, the studied xerophilous Poaceae according to our research have 9.2 ± 0.4%, mesophilic - 8.2 ± 1.2%. Proven value biomorfy to quantify protein content. It is shown that the concentration parameter affecting growing conditions, including moisture.","PeriodicalId":44105,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Questions","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41363854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land Use Analysis of Central Business District (CBD) of Metropolis Saddar Karachi through SRS/GIS Techniques","authors":"A. Kausar, Sheeba Afsar, Zohra Wazir, A. Lahori, A. Afzal, Junaid Arif, V. Sydorenko, A. Pruskyi, V. Tyshchenko","doi":"10.12775/eq.2022.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/eq.2022.009","url":null,"abstract":"The high density of buildings and roads are commonly associated with the Central Business District (CBD) of a metropolitan and multicultural city Karachi, Pakistan. It is the highly interactive place of a metropolis, therefore, considers functionally effective zones. This paper will prove even with a high rate of urbanization and expansion due to urban sprawl, still Saddar is the focus of attraction concerning several facts. The main objectives of the study were to explore the land-based cataloging of Saddar based on activity and to assess the environmental issues which are associated with this land use classification for the sustainability of CBD the people perception methods of identification of research, Land-use (LU) Analysis of Area of Interest (AOI) via, questionnaire-based surveying, and geo-coding of activities methods have been used in this study.  The obtained results revealed that Saddar town covers land use approximately, 4.28% Leisure, 9.38% Shopping, Business or Trade, 7.9% Social, Institutional, or Infrastructure Related, 4.62% Mass Assembly of People, 6.37% Industrial, Manufacturing, and Waste Related, while 5.68% Traveler Movement,5.9% Natural Resource Related,52.40% Residential,3.4% No Human Activity or Unclassified. Approximately, 44.2% of the land use was engaged in capita producing activities, which reflects CBD’s functional strength.  Overall, it recommended that there should be more green spaces in the CBD to improve air quality. Vertical urban gardening/forest can be implemented as Saddar has limited space and it is a concrete jungle having very less open space.","PeriodicalId":44105,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Questions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44749660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climatically determined spatial and temporal changes in the biomass of Pinus sp. of Eurasia in the context of the law of the limiting factor","authors":"V. Usoltsev, W. Zukow, I. Tsepordey","doi":"10.12775/eq.2022.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/eq.2022.007","url":null,"abstract":"Forest ecosystems play an essential role in climate stabilization, and the study of influence of climate change on their biomass and carbon depositing is of paramount importance. The objective of this study was (a) to verify the operation of the law of the limiting factor at the transcontinental level when modeling changes in the biomass of trees and stands of the two-needled subgenus Pinus sp. of Eurasia in relation to geographically determined indicators of temperatures and precipitation, and (b) to show the possibility of using the constructed climate-conditioned models of tree and stand biomass in predicting temporal changes in tree and stand biomass based on the principle of space-for-time substitution. As a result of the implementation of the principles of the limiting factor and space-for-time substitution, a common pattern has been established on tree and stand levels: in sufficiently moisture–rich climatic zones, an increase in temperature by 1°C with a constant amount of precipitation causes an increase in aboveground biomass, and in moisture–deficient zones - its decrease; in warm climatic zones, a decrease in precipitation by 100 mm at a constant average January temperature causes a decrease in aboveground biomass, and in cold climatic zones - its increase.","PeriodicalId":44105,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Questions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44109997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progeny testing of Pinus sylvestris L. of seed orchard in different environmental conditions","authors":"O. Mazhula, Y. Fuchylo, Yuriy Hayda, M. Kharytonov, Svitlana Matkovcka","doi":"10.12775/eq.2022.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/eq.2022.002","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluation of the   progeny test of plus trees of Scots pine - a necessary condition for determining the prospects the use of improved seeds in different environmental conditions. The paper presents the results of the study of the progeny test of groups of clones of plus trees of Scots pine selected according to certain characteristics in Northern Steppe and South Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Analysis of results showed: a significant improvement in the growth rates of the all testing progenies of seed orchard in the better climatic and soil conditions of South Forest-Steppe between the ages of 3 and 10 years. At the same time 4 out of 5 studied progenies worsened their growth indicators relative to local control at the age of 3 to 26 years in less optimal climatic and soil conditions of Northern Steppe. The leader in the steppe conditions was the progeny of a fraction of three clones, which had the highest seed productivity. The selection of the fastest growing clones and the rejection of the slowest growing ones had a positive effect on the growth of progenies of seed orchards at both test points.","PeriodicalId":44105,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Questions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42277792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biofortification of Oryza sativa L. with agri-food waste to improve the dietary value of crops","authors":"P. Ziarati, L. C. Rodríguez, B. Hochwimmer, V. Vambol, S. Vambol","doi":"10.12775/eq.2022.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/eq.2022.004","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the low dietary value of crops, Zn-deficient soils and insufficient intake of other minerals, soil fortification is often necessary. Fortification is defined as the addition of one or more crucial nutrients to a food to reduce poverty in a population or specific population groups. Currently available technologies for rice fortification with vitamins and minerals are high-energy and time-consuming methods. Therefore, mineral enrichment of crops has received much attention from scientists. The originality of the current study consists in determining the optimal use of hard hazelnut shells, orange peel and rice husks for enrichment of paddy soil and simultaneous immobilization of heavy metals. The combination of the identified wastes, namely hazelnut shells, orange peel and rice husks, showed good potential for immobilization/elimination or reduction of heavy metals to less than permissible limits. Therefore, the use of this combination could be an effective strategy to both introduce new micronutrients into rice grain and remove heavy metals.","PeriodicalId":44105,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Questions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46554909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of acaricidic drugs based on herbal raw material","authors":"N. Voronova, V. Horban, V. Bohatkina","doi":"10.12775/eq.2022.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/eq.2022.003","url":null,"abstract":"Limitation the number of ixodes ticks is one of the most important tasks of modern science and requires the search for new, highly effective and environmentally hazardous acaricides, so our experiment was aimed at identifying acaricidal properties of essential oils and their individual active components in the population of ixodes ticks in Zaporizhzhia region. The study of acaricidal properties of essential oils was performed in the laboratory conditions. Tampons with wool were soaked in various concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, 3%, 5% and 10% aqueous emulsion of essential oils such as Caryophyllus floris aetheroleum and Limonis aetheroleum, and essential oils of Thymus serpyllum L., Рinus sylvestris L., Salvia officinalis L., Mentha x piperita L. and Eucalyptus viminalis Labill. The essential oils had a significant effect on the lifespan of adult ticks. The results showed the acaricidal effect of Thymus serpyllum essential oils. When searching the acaricidal and repellent properties of individual essential oils components thymole, menthol and citral showed the high activity as acaricides. In the same time, eugenol and borneol proved the effectiveness as repellent. Our research schowed that essential oils are promising as alternative methods of controlling the number of Ixodes ticks in areas where there are conditions for infection with tick infections.","PeriodicalId":44105,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Questions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42119044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presence of native trees in rural tribal homegardens doesn’t necessarily mean conservation: A case study from Mishmi belt of Arunachal Pradesh, India","authors":"Inda Mihu, D. Borah, S. Tangjang","doi":"10.12775/eq.2022.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/eq.2022.001","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing human population and various developmental activities in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh, which lies in one of the most bio-diverse regions of the world, has caused large-scale deforestation, pushing a large number of native tree species to the serious verge of elimination from their native forest. In such tribal-dominated landscapes around the world, myriads of studies have emphasized the potential of homegardens as a site for local biodiversity conservation as they are known to have a huge Indigenous Knowledge System (IKS) on the use of diverse native floras. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to investigate if the native communities of the Mishmi tribe conserved native indigenous tree species in their homegardens and if they are grown then what is the future of these tree species? It was hypothesized that harbouring greater indigenous knowledge implies greater domestication of tree species in their homegardens. Altogether, 103 species of trees were recorded from 243 homegardens in the present study. Although the native species constituted more than half of the species diversity, they, however, greatly lagged in all other aspects of the study such as population share, frequency distribution and regeneration potential. Native tree species constituted just 37% of the total tree population. Only two species, Bauhinia variegata L. and Alnus nepalensis D. Don, made up the major bulk of the native population. In terms of frequency distribution, only a handful of native species maintained a decent presence in the homegardens. Most of the native species grew naturally in unmanaged homegardens. The regeneration potential of all native species was very poor, including B. variegata. The study demonstrates that out of the 76 native species recorded from the region, only 7 species can rightfully be regarded as being domesticated by virtue of IKS of the Mishmi community. Our study concludes that the native species do exist in large number in homegardens of the rural tribal areas, but most of the native wild species exist in the rural homegardens not because they are planted/preferred but because they just happen to randomly grow there since most of the homegardens of tribal household are unmanaged or poorly managed, thereby giving way to wild species to germinate, at least until the owner decides to weed them out.","PeriodicalId":44105,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Questions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43171164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of Viscum album subsp. album L. on Laburnum anagyroides Medik. in Toruń, Poland","authors":"A. Nienartowicz, L. Rutkowski, D. Kamiński, Mieczysław Kunz","doi":"10.12775/eq.2022.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/eq.2022.005","url":null,"abstract":"This short note presents two localities of the common mistletoe growing on the common laburnum found in central Poland in the city of Toruń in 2020. The common laburnum is one of the rare hosts of this recently rapidly spreading semi-parasite. The presented relationship between the two species has so far been reported in only several publications, mostly from the late 19th and early 20th century.","PeriodicalId":44105,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Questions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48838747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Consequences of Vehicle Exhaust: A Case Study in Poltava, Ukraine","authors":"O. Stepova, Olena Hanoshenko, Tetyana Serha, N. Yesina, O. Strelnikova","doi":"10.12775/eq.2022.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/eq.2022.006","url":null,"abstract":"Intensive urbanization processes, an increase in the number of urban population and transport have led to an increase in the technogenic load on the environment, in particular on the atmospheric air. Among a significant number of sources of environmental pollution, roads and vehicles pose a significant threat. Motor vehicles cause irreparable harm to human health and the environment. Regular assessment of the quality of atmospheric air in residential areas of cities with heavy traffic to establish the level of potential risk to public health is an urgent task. The study purpose is the social consequences of transport emissions; determination of the anthropogenic load on the air and of the indicator of public health risk from the vehicle exhaust impact. The study was carried out on the example of the residential and the most loaded transport area of Poltava (Ukraine). The study demonstrates that the overwhelming majority of the urban population lives in areas where health risk indicators exceed permissible norms. Since the elderly, children and students are most often present on the street and near houses, they are at the greatest risk. The same applies to vehicle drivers who are often idle in \"traffic jams\". In turn, such high levels of air pollution pose even greater risks to public health, in particular to the development of respiratory diseases. In the study of the peculiarities of Ukrainian legislation in this area, it was established that the mechanism for collecting information about the quality of the environment, however, there is no requirement to inform the population about it.","PeriodicalId":44105,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Questions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48989099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regeneration status of common woody species in the riparian forests in Southwestern Nigeria","authors":"T. V. Borisade, A. I. Odiwe","doi":"10.12775/EQ.2021.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/EQ.2021.012","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainability of woody species in riparian forests requires information on its regeneration status, which is crucial for proper management and conservation of these species but the information is generally lacking in Nigeria. This knowledge of the regeneration status of common woody species in riparian forests guarantees their survival through proper management and conservation. Sampling was done via random method in which five (5) 10 m × 10 m plots were selected from the study sites giving a total of 45 plots. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the structures and status of common woody species in the regeneration layer of riparian forests. There was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in the mean seedling and sapling densities of the common woody species across the riparian forest sites. The regression slope showed on-going regeneration (mostly weak) of the common riparian woody species in all the sites. The regeneration structures indicated reverse J-shaped and have been greatly modified by prevalent anthropogenic activities in the study area. The pattern of regeneration status observed in the seedlings and saplings emergence in the regeneration layer was due to the similar environmental factors that occurred from one site to the other. The intermediate values of tree/shrub ratio shown by the common woody species encountered in the regeneration layer indicated more individuals of shrub size than tree and emphasized the fact that the level of disturbance on-going was moderate across study and possibly that the sites were recovering from disturbances.","PeriodicalId":44105,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Questions","volume":"32 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43788073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}