Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2021.2015944
Jonathan Howard
ABSTRACT This essay engages with the prevailing metaphor in our talk about ecological crisis: humanity’s carbon “footprint.” As a fitting place to begin thinking about humanity's excessive footprint and dominating interface with the planet, I suggest humanity’s first large-scale encounter with the deep sea during the transatlantic age of exploration and colonization. Or the opportunity our species had to learn that an earthling is hardly the sort of creature whose interface with a mostly blue planet can be rightly typified as a standing. Critiquing the global rise of what I call the “stand your ground subject,” I suggest the drowned Africans remembered in Olaudah Equiano’s narrative as the “inhabitants of the deep,” as a more promising place for the humanities to begin, in Alice Walker’s words, to “reclaim a proper relationship to the world” through an oceanic recalibration of the human.
{"title":"Swim your ground: Towards a black and blue humanities","authors":"Jonathan Howard","doi":"10.1080/14788810.2021.2015944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2021.2015944","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This essay engages with the prevailing metaphor in our talk about ecological crisis: humanity’s carbon “footprint.” As a fitting place to begin thinking about humanity's excessive footprint and dominating interface with the planet, I suggest humanity’s first large-scale encounter with the deep sea during the transatlantic age of exploration and colonization. Or the opportunity our species had to learn that an earthling is hardly the sort of creature whose interface with a mostly blue planet can be rightly typified as a standing. Critiquing the global rise of what I call the “stand your ground subject,” I suggest the drowned Africans remembered in Olaudah Equiano’s narrative as the “inhabitants of the deep,” as a more promising place for the humanities to begin, in Alice Walker’s words, to “reclaim a proper relationship to the world” through an oceanic recalibration of the human.","PeriodicalId":44108,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Studies-Global Currents","volume":"20 1","pages":"308 - 330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49041868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2021.2000832
J.Y.F. Chow
ABSTRACT This essay examines the ocean as a site that both fractures and sutures kinship models to delineate black bodies from and against white bodies. Bringing the oceanic turn to Henry Neville’s The Isle of Pines (1668), I investigate how aqueous interaction forcibly disassociates the black body from kin and positions the ocean as meting out punishment. Immersion and drowning become death sentences that associate racialized vice on the isle and segregate black from non-black kin, embodying what Hortense Spillers has called “kinlessness.” By uniting black feminisms, the oceanic turn, and eighteenth-century cultural studies, this essay examines how race and kinship are environmentally aligned in Neville’s satire. This constellation of blackness, ecology, and kinship envisions the fraught, fractured, and messy mingling of racialized and ecological un/becoming within depictions of early modern utopia.
{"title":"Mare Mortis: Blackness, ecology, and “kinlessness” in Henry Neville’s The Isle of Pines","authors":"J.Y.F. Chow","doi":"10.1080/14788810.2021.2000832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2021.2000832","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This essay examines the ocean as a site that both fractures and sutures kinship models to delineate black bodies from and against white bodies. Bringing the oceanic turn to Henry Neville’s The Isle of Pines (1668), I investigate how aqueous interaction forcibly disassociates the black body from kin and positions the ocean as meting out punishment. Immersion and drowning become death sentences that associate racialized vice on the isle and segregate black from non-black kin, embodying what Hortense Spillers has called “kinlessness.” By uniting black feminisms, the oceanic turn, and eighteenth-century cultural studies, this essay examines how race and kinship are environmentally aligned in Neville’s satire. This constellation of blackness, ecology, and kinship envisions the fraught, fractured, and messy mingling of racialized and ecological un/becoming within depictions of early modern utopia.","PeriodicalId":44108,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Studies-Global Currents","volume":"20 1","pages":"226 - 242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42296510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2021.2013678
Heidi Amin-Hong
ABSTRACT Craig Santos Perez’s ecopoetry challenges the “rescue and recovery” narratives of species conservation embedded in processes of settler colonialism and militarism. Reading Perez’s poetry on the extinction of Guam’s avian life alongside the establishment of the Guam National Wildlife Refuge, its environmental impact testimonies, and avian conservation plans, this article develops a theory of ecological kinship that accounts for the dispersed effects of militarized occupation and foregrounds the interdependency of human and nonhuman lives in struggles for species survival and Indigenous self-determination. Furthermore, this article argues that dominant environmental discourses enable and obscure US military control over lands and waters in Guåhan. Through poetic strategies of citation and assembly, Perez portrays a Chamorro diasporic condition that incorporates the subjectivity of the Micronesian kingfisher in captivity, depicting nonhuman animals as intimate kin and active participants in Chamorro histories rather than objects in need of rescue and recovery.
{"title":"Craig Santos Perez’s Poetics of multispecies kinship: Challenging militarism and extinction in the Pacific","authors":"Heidi Amin-Hong","doi":"10.1080/14788810.2021.2013678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2021.2013678","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Craig Santos Perez’s ecopoetry challenges the “rescue and recovery” narratives of species conservation embedded in processes of settler colonialism and militarism. Reading Perez’s poetry on the extinction of Guam’s avian life alongside the establishment of the Guam National Wildlife Refuge, its environmental impact testimonies, and avian conservation plans, this article develops a theory of ecological kinship that accounts for the dispersed effects of militarized occupation and foregrounds the interdependency of human and nonhuman lives in struggles for species survival and Indigenous self-determination. Furthermore, this article argues that dominant environmental discourses enable and obscure US military control over lands and waters in Guåhan. Through poetic strategies of citation and assembly, Perez portrays a Chamorro diasporic condition that incorporates the subjectivity of the Micronesian kingfisher in captivity, depicting nonhuman animals as intimate kin and active participants in Chamorro histories rather than objects in need of rescue and recovery.","PeriodicalId":44108,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Studies-Global Currents","volume":"20 1","pages":"292 - 307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46578014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2021.2000834
John Saillant
ABSTRACT An 1856 Black-authored autobiography, The Life of John Thompson, made significant advances in the genre of the American slave narrative. A runaway slave, whaler, folk theologian, and, ultimately, abolitionist author, Thompson expressed sympathy for a queer man trapped in slavery and sold away from the family and friends, almost certainly for purposes of sexual abuse by white men. Moreover, Thompson narrated a religious journey beginning with traditional Christianity and ending in a Christian-inflected form of free thought. These were both new in the slave narrative. However, Thompson expressed animus against Islam as well as against aristocrats, both of whom he understood as enforcing oppression. These were not new in American thought and they kept his text securely in American traditions. Insights from queer theory, kinship studies, oceanic studies, and the history of religion are used to illuminate Thompson’s work.
{"title":"A sailor’s kin: Faith, sexuality, and antislavery, 1840–1856","authors":"John Saillant","doi":"10.1080/14788810.2021.2000834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2021.2000834","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT An 1856 Black-authored autobiography, The Life of John Thompson, made significant advances in the genre of the American slave narrative. A runaway slave, whaler, folk theologian, and, ultimately, abolitionist author, Thompson expressed sympathy for a queer man trapped in slavery and sold away from the family and friends, almost certainly for purposes of sexual abuse by white men. Moreover, Thompson narrated a religious journey beginning with traditional Christianity and ending in a Christian-inflected form of free thought. These were both new in the slave narrative. However, Thompson expressed animus against Islam as well as against aristocrats, both of whom he understood as enforcing oppression. These were not new in American thought and they kept his text securely in American traditions. Insights from queer theory, kinship studies, oceanic studies, and the history of religion are used to illuminate Thompson’s work.","PeriodicalId":44108,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Studies-Global Currents","volume":"20 1","pages":"243 - 258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43595205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-06DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2023.2173469
D. Noorlander
{"title":"Banishment, penal labor, and the quest for order in the early Dutch Atlantic world","authors":"D. Noorlander","doi":"10.1080/14788810.2023.2173469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2023.2173469","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44108,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Studies-Global Currents","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44224132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-11DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2022.2162318
Ian Dudley
{"title":"Old Time String Band: Sound, vision, and memory in the work of Stanley Greaves","authors":"Ian Dudley","doi":"10.1080/14788810.2022.2162318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2022.2162318","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44108,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Studies-Global Currents","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43469359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-28DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2022.2149235
Simeon A. Simeonov
ABSTRACT Faced with the decline of British West Indian plantations and a growing abolitionist tide, Foreign Secretary George Canning embarked upon the policy of amelioration in 1823 with the aim of eradicating the worst excesses of British plantation slavery. Scholars have regarded the rise of ameliorationism within a British imperial framework, neglecting Canning’s use of a modernized consular service in this policy’s promotion, and obscuring its transnational links to other Caribbean locations. This paper argues that Canning’s flagship consular intervention, Britain’s consulate-general at the Haitian capital Port-au-Prince, became a major factor in the advancement of colonial amelioration. Charles Mackenzie, the British consul-general to Haiti, adhered to Canning’s ameliorationism, despite Haitian officials’ active attempts to enlist his support in the recognition and legitimation of their radical emancipatory project. Mackenzie’s mission undermined the abolitionist cause, reinforced the policy of planter indemnification, and facilitated the marginalization of Haiti in the Atlantic world.
{"title":"Amelioration or abolition? British consulship, Haitian recognition, and the question of colonial emancipation","authors":"Simeon A. Simeonov","doi":"10.1080/14788810.2022.2149235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2022.2149235","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Faced with the decline of British West Indian plantations and a growing abolitionist tide, Foreign Secretary George Canning embarked upon the policy of amelioration in 1823 with the aim of eradicating the worst excesses of British plantation slavery. Scholars have regarded the rise of ameliorationism within a British imperial framework, neglecting Canning’s use of a modernized consular service in this policy’s promotion, and obscuring its transnational links to other Caribbean locations. This paper argues that Canning’s flagship consular intervention, Britain’s consulate-general at the Haitian capital Port-au-Prince, became a major factor in the advancement of colonial amelioration. Charles Mackenzie, the British consul-general to Haiti, adhered to Canning’s ameliorationism, despite Haitian officials’ active attempts to enlist his support in the recognition and legitimation of their radical emancipatory project. Mackenzie’s mission undermined the abolitionist cause, reinforced the policy of planter indemnification, and facilitated the marginalization of Haiti in the Atlantic world.","PeriodicalId":44108,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Studies-Global Currents","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47189278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2022.2109893
Jonathan Singerton
ABSTRACT The Atlantic became a place of continual interaction for the Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg, a dynasty whose lands have so far received little or no attention in Atlantic historiography. This article demonstrates how the eighteenth century witnessed repeated attempts by Habsburg rulers to broker connections between the central European region and the Atlantic basin. In doing so, the article charts the emergence and meaning of the Atlantic world for one of Europe’s most important powers, revealing the centrality of the Atlantic to wider Austrian Habsburg global entanglement. Acknowledging the Austrian Atlantic enhances Atlantic history through the study of maritime connections with areas typically perceived as landlocked spaces.
{"title":"An Austrian Atlantic: The Habsburg Monarchy and the Atlantic world in the eighteenth century","authors":"Jonathan Singerton","doi":"10.1080/14788810.2022.2109893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2022.2109893","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 The Atlantic became a place of continual interaction for the Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg, a dynasty whose lands have so far received little or no attention in Atlantic historiography. This article demonstrates how the eighteenth century witnessed repeated attempts by Habsburg rulers to broker connections between the central European region and the Atlantic basin. In doing so, the article charts the emergence and meaning of the Atlantic world for one of Europe’s most important powers, revealing the centrality of the Atlantic to wider Austrian Habsburg global entanglement. Acknowledging the Austrian Atlantic enhances Atlantic history through the study of maritime connections with areas typically perceived as landlocked spaces.","PeriodicalId":44108,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Studies-Global Currents","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48493820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-27DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2022.2029134
R. Hsu
ABSTRACT In this time of the sixth extinction (Kolbert), humans from different ontologies seek notions of being human that more fully account for humans’ dependance on the natural world. Answers to questions about human- and non-human relationships may reside in much older communal narratives. Kinship – defined by Marshall Sahlins as “mutuality of being” – is explored in Witi Ihimaera’s novel, The Whale Rider and James Nestor’s memoir, Deep. Ihimaera’s novel illustrates the ancient, inextricable relationship between the Whangara and a specific clan of whales, portraying kinship maintained through trans-species communication (interlocking). Nestor’s Deep focuses on the author’s attempt to rediscover the primal and marine origin of mammalian life. This process leads to his realization that humanity’s future lies in reactivating the parts of our physiology that make us both an oceanic and terrestrial life-form. Deep allows readers a glimpse into a possible post-human future.
{"title":"Trans-species and post-human oceanic futures in Witi Ihimaera’s The Whale Rider and James Nestor’s deep?","authors":"R. Hsu","doi":"10.1080/14788810.2022.2029134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2022.2029134","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this time of the sixth extinction (Kolbert), humans from different ontologies seek notions of being human that more fully account for humans’ dependance on the natural world. Answers to questions about human- and non-human relationships may reside in much older communal narratives. Kinship – defined by Marshall Sahlins as “mutuality of being” – is explored in Witi Ihimaera’s novel, The Whale Rider and James Nestor’s memoir, Deep. Ihimaera’s novel illustrates the ancient, inextricable relationship between the Whangara and a specific clan of whales, portraying kinship maintained through trans-species communication (interlocking). Nestor’s Deep focuses on the author’s attempt to rediscover the primal and marine origin of mammalian life. This process leads to his realization that humanity’s future lies in reactivating the parts of our physiology that make us both an oceanic and terrestrial life-form. Deep allows readers a glimpse into a possible post-human future.","PeriodicalId":44108,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Studies-Global Currents","volume":"20 1","pages":"331 - 347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41937849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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