Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.17925/OHR.2016.12.02.75
M. Bhutani, S. Usmani
I ndividual studies and meta-analyses highlight superior survival outcomes among those multiple myeloma patients achieving measurable residual disease (MRD) negative status. With the availability of next-generation flow cytomery and sequencing technologies, it is realistically possible to track MRD response in every patient. As the scientific evidence mounts, MRD is being established as a desired end-point for clinical trials. Future efforts should be directed at validating MRD as a surrogate biomarker for developing curative strategies and determining how MRD can be used to guide therapeutic decisions.
{"title":"Measurable (Minimal) Residual Disease—A Meaningful Biomarker in Multiple Myeloma","authors":"M. Bhutani, S. Usmani","doi":"10.17925/OHR.2016.12.02.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/OHR.2016.12.02.75","url":null,"abstract":"I ndividual studies and meta-analyses highlight superior survival outcomes among those multiple myeloma patients achieving measurable residual disease (MRD) negative status. With the availability of next-generation flow cytomery and sequencing technologies, it is realistically possible to track MRD response in every patient. As the scientific evidence mounts, MRD is being established as a desired end-point for clinical trials. Future efforts should be directed at validating MRD as a surrogate biomarker for developing curative strategies and determining how MRD can be used to guide therapeutic decisions.","PeriodicalId":44122,"journal":{"name":"Oral History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67596789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.17925/OHR.2016.12.02.89
T. Ballinger, J. Kremer, K. Miller
T riple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with a poor prognosis compared to other types of breast cancer. The classification of 'triple negative' is not one homogenous tumor type, but rather is made up of multiple molecularly and biologically diverse tumor subtypes. At present, no approved targeted therapy exists and the standard remains cytotoxic chemotherapy. The identification of TNBC subtypes has provided a basis for identifying possible targeted therapeutic options. In addition, the recognition that some TNBCs share characteristics similar to tumors arising in patients with germline BRCA mutations has led to consideration of DNA damaging agents as a potential treatment option. Multiple investigational approaches are also underway, including immune checkpoint inhibition, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition, and androgen receptor blockage. The limited options available for systemic treatment of TNBC will hopefully expand as more is learned about the complex biology and molecular targets of this group of breast cancers. This review will discuss the biology of TNBC, current treatment options, and promising experimental strategies.
{"title":"Triple negative breast cancer-review of current and emerging therapeutic strategies","authors":"T. Ballinger, J. Kremer, K. Miller","doi":"10.17925/OHR.2016.12.02.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/OHR.2016.12.02.89","url":null,"abstract":"T riple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with a poor prognosis compared to other types of breast cancer. The classification of 'triple negative' is not one homogenous tumor type, but rather is made up of multiple molecularly and biologically diverse tumor subtypes. At present, no approved targeted therapy exists and the standard remains cytotoxic chemotherapy. The identification of TNBC subtypes has provided a basis for identifying possible targeted therapeutic options. In addition, the recognition that some TNBCs share characteristics similar to tumors arising in patients with germline BRCA mutations has led to consideration of DNA damaging agents as a potential treatment option. Multiple investigational approaches are also underway, including immune checkpoint inhibition, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition, and androgen receptor blockage. The limited options available for systemic treatment of TNBC will hopefully expand as more is learned about the complex biology and molecular targets of this group of breast cancers. This review will discuss the biology of TNBC, current treatment options, and promising experimental strategies.","PeriodicalId":44122,"journal":{"name":"Oral History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67596854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.17925/OHR.2016.12.01.31
P. Saha, R. Nanda
{"title":"Immune Checkpoint Inhibition for Triple-negative Breast Cancer","authors":"P. Saha, R. Nanda","doi":"10.17925/OHR.2016.12.01.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/OHR.2016.12.01.31","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44122,"journal":{"name":"Oral History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67597040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.17925/OHR.2016.12.01.51
Vasa Jevremovic
TOUCH MEDICAL MEDIA 51 Malignancies of the lung are common, and are the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Non-small cell lung carcinoma constitutes the majority of these lesions, with small cell lung carcinomas comprising the remainder (15%). Non-small cell lung cancers are subdivided into three histological subtypes: adenocarcinoma, large-cell carcinoma, and squamous-cell carcinoma. The subtypes are associated with various mutations, and thus demonstrate different metastatic potential. Furthermore, the heterogeneous nature of these mutations in the primary tumor produces a population of cells that have undergone the steps necessary in the metastatic cascade, leading to disease progression.
{"title":"Is Gastrointestinal Metastasis of Primary Lung Malignancy as Rare as Reported in the Literature? A Comparison Between Clinical Cases and Post-mortem Studies","authors":"Vasa Jevremovic","doi":"10.17925/OHR.2016.12.01.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/OHR.2016.12.01.51","url":null,"abstract":"TOUCH MEDICAL MEDIA 51 Malignancies of the lung are common, and are the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Non-small cell lung carcinoma constitutes the majority of these lesions, with small cell lung carcinomas comprising the remainder (15%). Non-small cell lung cancers are subdivided into three histological subtypes: adenocarcinoma, large-cell carcinoma, and squamous-cell carcinoma. The subtypes are associated with various mutations, and thus demonstrate different metastatic potential. Furthermore, the heterogeneous nature of these mutations in the primary tumor produces a population of cells that have undergone the steps necessary in the metastatic cascade, leading to disease progression.","PeriodicalId":44122,"journal":{"name":"Oral History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67597130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fifty years ago, in May 1965, Random House published Robert Penn Warren’s Who Speaks for the Negro? The book was the culmination of Warren’s effort “to find out something, first hand, about the people, some of them anyway, who are making the Negro Revolution what it is—one of the dramatic events of the American story” (xxxiii). Throughout 1964, Warren traveled South and North, tape recorder in hand, to converse with black leaders, students, and artists engaged in the revolution. Then he wrote a book that documented his process of interviewing these individuals, of studying the revolution’s various political and philosophical thrusts. Who Speaks for the Negro? sounds like an anachronistic title, which is part of what makes this volume so important. Reading it on the subway I’ve found myself minding the book’s bold, eye-catching cover. People don’t say “Negro” today. Nor do we ever recall the civil rights movement as a “Negro Revolution.” But back when African Americans called themselves Negroes, Robert Penn Warren was one of their sharpest white allies. Who Speaks for the Negro? is therefore a precious artifact of America’s recent past. It is a snapshot of certain ways in which people intelligently advocated against white supremacy and legalized segregation in 1964, before certain customs, laws, and words changed. In this book, we find Warren synthesizing a series of intricately related debates over the nature and future of black American experience. It should be read as an important reference volume in American history, a document that can help guide our activism today and in the future. We who believe that black lives matter can never lose sight of Negro memories.
{"title":"Fifty Years Later: Robert Penn Warren’s Who Speaks for the Negro?","authors":"Benji de la Piedra","doi":"10.1093/ohr/ohv060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ohr/ohv060","url":null,"abstract":"Fifty years ago, in May 1965, Random House published Robert Penn Warren’s Who Speaks for the Negro? The book was the culmination of Warren’s effort “to find out something, first hand, about the people, some of them anyway, who are making the Negro Revolution what it is—one of the dramatic events of the American story” (xxxiii). Throughout 1964, Warren traveled South and North, tape recorder in hand, to converse with black leaders, students, and artists engaged in the revolution. Then he wrote a book that documented his process of interviewing these individuals, of studying the revolution’s various political and philosophical thrusts. Who Speaks for the Negro? sounds like an anachronistic title, which is part of what makes this volume so important. Reading it on the subway I’ve found myself minding the book’s bold, eye-catching cover. People don’t say “Negro” today. Nor do we ever recall the civil rights movement as a “Negro Revolution.” But back when African Americans called themselves Negroes, Robert Penn Warren was one of their sharpest white allies. Who Speaks for the Negro? is therefore a precious artifact of America’s recent past. It is a snapshot of certain ways in which people intelligently advocated against white supremacy and legalized segregation in 1964, before certain customs, laws, and words changed. In this book, we find Warren synthesizing a series of intricately related debates over the nature and future of black American experience. It should be read as an important reference volume in American history, a document that can help guide our activism today and in the future. We who believe that black lives matter can never lose sight of Negro memories.","PeriodicalId":44122,"journal":{"name":"Oral History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/ohr/ohv060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61386408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Women, War, and the Making of Bangladesh: Remembering 1971. By Yasmin Saikia.","authors":"Sevil Çakır Kılınçoğlu","doi":"10.1093/ohr/ohv031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ohr/ohv031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44122,"journal":{"name":"Oral History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/ohr/ohv031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61386383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"American Indian Nations from Termination to Restoration, 1953–2006. By Roberta Ulrich.","authors":"Marilyn McKinley Parrish","doi":"10.1093/ohr/ohv025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ohr/ohv025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44122,"journal":{"name":"Oral History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/ohr/ohv025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61386211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.17925/OHR.2015.11.01.19
M. Puts, B. Tapscott, M. Fitch, D. Howell, J. Monette, D. Wan-Chow-Wah, M. Krzyzanowska, N. Leighl, E. Springall, S. Alibhai
{"title":"A Systematic Review of Factors Influencing Older Adults’ Hypothetical Treatment Decisions","authors":"M. Puts, B. Tapscott, M. Fitch, D. Howell, J. Monette, D. Wan-Chow-Wah, M. Krzyzanowska, N. Leighl, E. Springall, S. Alibhai","doi":"10.17925/OHR.2015.11.01.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/OHR.2015.11.01.19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44122,"journal":{"name":"Oral History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67596545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.17925/OHR.2015.11.01.58
H. Vankayala, U. Vaishampayan
Touch MEdical MEdia Knowledge regarding the mechanisms driving progression of prostate cancer (PC) has improved dramatically in the past few years. This has allowed the accelerated development and approval of multiple drugs with different targets. The wide spectrum of rapid developments in this field warrants a comprehensive review. In this paper we aim to summarize the current standard of care incorporating recent advances, and placing emphasis on novel developments.
{"title":"Current and Emerging Therapies in Metastatic Prostate Cancer","authors":"H. Vankayala, U. Vaishampayan","doi":"10.17925/OHR.2015.11.01.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/OHR.2015.11.01.58","url":null,"abstract":"Touch MEdical MEdia Knowledge regarding the mechanisms driving progression of prostate cancer (PC) has improved dramatically in the past few years. This has allowed the accelerated development and approval of multiple drugs with different targets. The wide spectrum of rapid developments in this field warrants a comprehensive review. In this paper we aim to summarize the current standard of care incorporating recent advances, and placing emphasis on novel developments.","PeriodicalId":44122,"journal":{"name":"Oral History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67596764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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