Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2023-7-44-68
S. A. Sheypak
Introduction . Writing for publication has been developed for two last decades as an independent field of research to help authors publish their research articles. Starting from the assessment that preparing the publication in a journal is an academic activity that requires learning to construct the author’s positioning in the manuscript, this paper points out the shortage of professionals to assume institutional organisation of training courses in Russia. Aim. This paper aims to suggest a framework for informal practices based on autonomy and the collective organisation of authors to construct an authorial position in the manuscript or author’s agency toward a target journal. Methodology and research methods . Various approaches applied in this paper are based on activity theory: situated learning, Change Laboratory, and expansive learning. A review of Russian and foreign research in writing for publication shows that only one of the three types of authorial agency, that is, transformative agency, might help the author to prepare a manuscript for publication in a target journal. The framework needed for emerging author’s transformative agency re-conceptualises the model of the Change Laboratory for situated learning that aims at the author’s socialisation in the discursive practices of a target journal. Situated learning for writing for publication is based on the principles of the Change Laboratory: collectivity; double stimulation; overcoming the contradiction by ascending from the abstract to the concrete. Results. A framework for three cycles of expansive learning aimed at the emergence of the author’s agency toward a target journal has been developed. The first cycle allows selecting a journal and revealing its implicit rules for manuscript production. The second cycle is focused on step-by-step manuscript revisions. Finally, a change of journal and/or author whose manuscript is discussed involves the third cycle of expansive learning. Scientific novelty . The paper considers manuscript production for publishing in a journal as an academic activity requiring deliberate training in native and foreign languages. The framework for three cycles of expansive learning in writing for publication conceptualises the publication as the author’s participation in social practices involving the journal as a discursive community. Practical significance . The framework suggested in this paper for emerging transformative agency in writing for publication might imply an alternative to the institutional training courses. Three cycles of expansive learning aim to develop the author’s publication competence and improve the quality of research articles.
{"title":"Author’s agency in a research article: From the grammar of language to the grammar of communication","authors":"S. A. Sheypak","doi":"10.17853/1994-5639-2023-7-44-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2023-7-44-68","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction . Writing for publication has been developed for two last decades as an independent field of research to help authors publish their research articles. Starting from the assessment that preparing the publication in a journal is an academic activity that requires learning to construct the author’s positioning in the manuscript, this paper points out the shortage of professionals to assume institutional organisation of training courses in Russia. Aim. This paper aims to suggest a framework for informal practices based on autonomy and the collective organisation of authors to construct an authorial position in the manuscript or author’s agency toward a target journal. Methodology and research methods . Various approaches applied in this paper are based on activity theory: situated learning, Change Laboratory, and expansive learning. A review of Russian and foreign research in writing for publication shows that only one of the three types of authorial agency, that is, transformative agency, might help the author to prepare a manuscript for publication in a target journal. The framework needed for emerging author’s transformative agency re-conceptualises the model of the Change Laboratory for situated learning that aims at the author’s socialisation in the discursive practices of a target journal. Situated learning for writing for publication is based on the principles of the Change Laboratory: collectivity; double stimulation; overcoming the contradiction by ascending from the abstract to the concrete. Results. A framework for three cycles of expansive learning aimed at the emergence of the author’s agency toward a target journal has been developed. The first cycle allows selecting a journal and revealing its implicit rules for manuscript production. The second cycle is focused on step-by-step manuscript revisions. Finally, a change of journal and/or author whose manuscript is discussed involves the third cycle of expansive learning. Scientific novelty . The paper considers manuscript production for publishing in a journal as an academic activity requiring deliberate training in native and foreign languages. The framework for three cycles of expansive learning in writing for publication conceptualises the publication as the author’s participation in social practices involving the journal as a discursive community. Practical significance . The framework suggested in this paper for emerging transformative agency in writing for publication might imply an alternative to the institutional training courses. Three cycles of expansive learning aim to develop the author’s publication competence and improve the quality of research articles.","PeriodicalId":44143,"journal":{"name":"Obrazovanie i Nauka-Education and Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135887196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-16DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2021-1-156-201
V. L. Nazarov, D. V. Zherdev, N. Averbukh
Introduction. The relevance of the study is determined both by the importance of the problem of digital transformation of education in general, and by the specific conditions, which arose during the crisis caused by COVID-19. The long-termconsequences of the emergency transition of Russian education to the distance format, taking into account the ongoing pandemic, have yet to be assessed, but the reaction ofthe participants in the educational process to the first period of the total distance learning should be analysed immediately as a basis for future management decisions. Aim. The aim of the present research is a comprehensive analysis of the perception of the experience of an emergency transition to a distant education format by the main participants in the educational process. Methodology and research methods. Online survey based on Google forms was employed as the main method. The respondents to the survey included participants in the educational process, mostly permanently residing in the Sverdlovsk region (99% of the respondents). The survey was conducted in September – October 2020. The survey participation was voluntary and completely anonymous. As a result of the survey conducted, more than 24,500 original responses were received and processed. The data obtained were compared with the results of secondary studies (primarily, with the monitoring studies of the Higher School of Economics). Results. The research findings demonstrate a number of significant shortcomings in the strategy of digital transformation of education, such as the insufficient development of the digital communication infrastructure in the regions, the technological and competence-based digital inequality, the lack of well-developed methods of using digitaleducational tools, the lack of high-quality content, the lack of full-fledged integrated educational resources on the market. The shortcomings mentioned above apparently led to a decrease in the quality of education during the period of self-isolation and provoked a reaction of rejection of digital educational forms and an increase in technological pessimism among a significant part of the respondents. The results are presented in correlation with secondary studies, which confirms the reliability of the general conclusions. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the attraction, systematisation and analytical generalisation of original material on the urgent problem of digital transformation of education, collected in one of the largest and technologically advanced regions of the Russian Federation. Practical significance. The current article makes it possible to more accurately assess the situation in regional education and provides reference points both for conducting longitudinal research and for making current and strategic management decisions in Russian education at the regional and federal level.
{"title":"Shock digitalisation of education: The perception of participants of the educational process","authors":"V. L. Nazarov, D. V. Zherdev, N. Averbukh","doi":"10.17853/1994-5639-2021-1-156-201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2021-1-156-201","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The relevance of the study is determined both by the importance of the problem of digital transformation of education in general, and by the specific conditions, which arose during the crisis caused by COVID-19. The long-termconsequences of the emergency transition of Russian education to the distance format, taking into account the ongoing pandemic, have yet to be assessed, but the reaction ofthe participants in the educational process to the first period of the total distance learning should be analysed immediately as a basis for future management decisions. Aim. The aim of the present research is a comprehensive analysis of the perception of the experience of an emergency transition to a distant education format by the main participants in the educational process. Methodology and research methods. Online survey based on Google forms was employed as the main method. The respondents to the survey included participants in the educational process, mostly permanently residing in the Sverdlovsk region (99% of the respondents). The survey was conducted in September – October 2020. The survey participation was voluntary and completely anonymous. As a result of the survey conducted, more than 24,500 original responses were received and processed. The data obtained were compared with the results of secondary studies (primarily, with the monitoring studies of the Higher School of Economics). Results. The research findings demonstrate a number of significant shortcomings in the strategy of digital transformation of education, such as the insufficient development of the digital communication infrastructure in the regions, the technological and competence-based digital inequality, the lack of well-developed methods of using digitaleducational tools, the lack of high-quality content, the lack of full-fledged integrated educational resources on the market. The shortcomings mentioned above apparently led to a decrease in the quality of education during the period of self-isolation and provoked a reaction of rejection of digital educational forms and an increase in technological pessimism among a significant part of the respondents. The results are presented in correlation with secondary studies, which confirms the reliability of the general conclusions. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the attraction, systematisation and analytical generalisation of original material on the urgent problem of digital transformation of education, collected in one of the largest and technologically advanced regions of the Russian Federation. Practical significance. The current article makes it possible to more accurately assess the situation in regional education and provides reference points both for conducting longitudinal research and for making current and strategic management decisions in Russian education at the regional and federal level.","PeriodicalId":44143,"journal":{"name":"Obrazovanie i Nauka-Education and Science","volume":"23 1","pages":"156-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48904035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-16DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2021-1-73-101
I. Korshunov, G. Chakhoyan, A. Tyunin, E. L. Lyakhovetskaya
Introduction. In market economy, the internal and external processes of educational organisations are becoming more complex. There is a need to identify managerial practices, which can be delegated to external consultants. The process of defining such practices is not completely studied. The application of expert support from leaders and management teams is often situational.The aim of the present research is to identify the range of managerial problems of educational organisations, which cause the need to resort to external consulting support.Methodology and research methods. The application of the method of cluster analysis of text data of periodicals allowed the authors to investigate a potential market for consulting services, to identify the modern management needs of educational organizations and the experience of their solution by external organisations. The analysis of open data of consulting organisations was carried out to identify real practices.Results. The main management problems of educational organisations and the types of consulting services necessary for their solution are considered and classified. The main approaches to defining the framework of educational consulting are highlighted. The authors have developed the method for monitoring the prospective market for consulting services. It was determined that the growing demand for consulting services and the expansion of the range of these services are associated with the formation of a market environment in the education system and the desire of management of educational organisations to provide a competitive advantage. The cases of Russian and foreign consulting organisations were analysed and grouped in accordance with the proposed typology.Scientific novelty. In academic literature, the study of this issue is mainly limited to defining the boundaries of educational consulting. The authors have made an attempt to identify typical situations, in which managers of educational organisations need to request the services of external experts.Practical significance. The results of the current research can serve as a guideline for the management of educational organisations, when making managerial decisions. It will allow the managers to determine the cases, in which it is possible to turn to external consultants according to the supply conditions on the market, and to identify the issues, regarding which it is desirable to rely solely on internal resources.
{"title":"Modern types of consulting in the management system of an educational organisation","authors":"I. Korshunov, G. Chakhoyan, A. Tyunin, E. L. Lyakhovetskaya","doi":"10.17853/1994-5639-2021-1-73-101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2021-1-73-101","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In market economy, the internal and external processes of educational organisations are becoming more complex. There is a need to identify managerial practices, which can be delegated to external consultants. The process of defining such practices is not completely studied. The application of expert support from leaders and management teams is often situational.The aim of the present research is to identify the range of managerial problems of educational organisations, which cause the need to resort to external consulting support.Methodology and research methods. The application of the method of cluster analysis of text data of periodicals allowed the authors to investigate a potential market for consulting services, to identify the modern management needs of educational organizations and the experience of their solution by external organisations. The analysis of open data of consulting organisations was carried out to identify real practices.Results. The main management problems of educational organisations and the types of consulting services necessary for their solution are considered and classified. The main approaches to defining the framework of educational consulting are highlighted. The authors have developed the method for monitoring the prospective market for consulting services. It was determined that the growing demand for consulting services and the expansion of the range of these services are associated with the formation of a market environment in the education system and the desire of management of educational organisations to provide a competitive advantage. The cases of Russian and foreign consulting organisations were analysed and grouped in accordance with the proposed typology.Scientific novelty. In academic literature, the study of this issue is mainly limited to defining the boundaries of educational consulting. The authors have made an attempt to identify typical situations, in which managers of educational organisations need to request the services of external experts.Practical significance. The results of the current research can serve as a guideline for the management of educational organisations, when making managerial decisions. It will allow the managers to determine the cases, in which it is possible to turn to external consultants according to the supply conditions on the market, and to identify the issues, regarding which it is desirable to rely solely on internal resources.","PeriodicalId":44143,"journal":{"name":"Obrazovanie i Nauka-Education and Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67569986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-07DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2020-7-101-124
N. Sokolova, N. Sivrikova, E. Chernikova, T. Ptashko, E. Harlanova, S. Roslyakova
Introduction. The relevance of the declared topic was dictated by the increased conflict between the members of education and the increasing demands placed on the professional activities of the modern teachers to resolve conflicts in the conditions of general education school. In the course of professional training of future teachers in universities, the formation of conflict competence is not paid due attention, so there is a need to determine the role, content and learning technologies for conflict management training of future teachers.The aimof the present publication is to evaluate the effectiveness of conflict management training technology for future teachers.Methodology and research methods. The authors carried out a pedagogical experiment using pre- and post-testing method of the level of formation of the components of conflict readiness of students of a pedagogical university – participants of experimental and control groups. The sample of the experiment was based on 120 of 2nd-4thyear students of the Faculty of History of the South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University of Chelyabinsk. The following methods were used to collect the empirical data: the Thomas test; an achievement test to assess conflict knowledge; practical tasks (cases); methodology “My Conflict Position” (by V. V. Schernyazova). Mathematical processing of the research results was performed through the Pearson’s chi-squared test.Results. The differences in the formation of cognitive, technological and personal components in students of the control and experimental group have been established. The dependence of the formation of components of conflict readiness of students for the introduction of a specially developed programme has been determined. After pedagogical impact, the number of students with high cognitive component levels rose from 0 to 39,3%. Most students (97,6%) learned algorithms to solve typical interpersonal conflicts and began to choose more constructive strategies to solve them. In the experimental group after the experiment, the personal component of conflict readiness was higher than in the control group.Scientific novelty. The system is proposed to provide effective conflict management training for future teachers, which consists of three components: immersion in the information field of conflict; intensification of conflict resolution activities; mastering of constructive practices of conflict management.Practical significance. The research results are of particular interest for the development of educational programmes in the system of professional education.
介绍。所宣布的主题的相关性是由教育成员之间日益增加的冲突和对现代教师的专业活动日益增加的要求来解决普通教育学校条件下的冲突所决定的。在高校未来教师的专业培训过程中，冲突能力的形成没有得到应有的重视，因此有必要确定未来教师冲突管理培训的角色、内容和学习技术。本出版物的目的是评估未来教师冲突管理培训技术的有效性。方法论和研究方法。采用前测法和后测法对某师范大学学生冲突准备成分的形成水平进行了实验研究，实验对象分为实验组和对照组。实验样本基于车里雅宾斯克南乌拉尔州立人道主义教育大学历史系的120名2 -4年级学生。本文采用以下方法收集实证数据:Thomas检验;测评冲突知识的成就测验;实践任务(案例);《我的冲突立场》(V. V. Schernyazova)。通过皮尔逊卡方检验对研究结果进行数学处理。建立了控制组和实验组学生在认知、技术和个人成分形成方面的差异。已经确定了学生冲突准备的组成部分的形成对引进一项特别制定的方案的依赖性。经过教学影响后，认知成分水平高的学生比例从0上升到39.3%。大多数学生(97.6%)学习了解决典型人际冲突的算法，并开始选择更具建设性的策略来解决这些冲突。实验结束后，实验组冲突准备的个人成分高于对照组。科学的新奇。该系统旨在为未来教师提供有效的冲突管理培训，包括三个部分:沉浸在冲突信息领域;加强冲突解决活动;掌握冲突管理的建设性实践。现实意义。研究结果对专业教育系统中教育方案的发展具有特别的意义。
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Pub Date : 2019-10-18DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2019-8-90-111
I. V. Anoshkin, O. Sychev
Introduction. A notable trend in modern society is the transformation of family institution, which has long been considered the most important social and personal value. The change of attitudes of young people towards marriage in Russia is slower than in Europe; however, this process is becoming more obvious today and there is an urgent need to study it. So far, very little research has been carried out. In psychology and other social sciences, it is widely believed that the family formation is hampered by a hedonistic worldview. However, it is well known that the family provides the opportunities to meet many important human needs. This contradiction has prompted the direction of the present research.The aim of this research is to empirically investigate whether there is the conflict of the perceptions of the Russian young people about family values and hedonic and eudemonic orientations.Methodology and research methods. The empirical research was conducted using K. Peterson’s questionnaire “Happiness Orientations”. 173 students (49% female) took part in the research project. To assess the importance of family and different family values, the authors of the present research elaborated a special questionnaire, the reliability of which was confirmed in the course of approbation. The information obtained was processed through the means of correlation, regression analysis and nonparametric statistics in Statistica 10; confirmatory factor analysis of questionnaires was performed in Mplus 7.Results. The results of path analysis of interrelations between hedonism, eudemonia and family values indicated that family values were correlated not only with the orientation to meaningful and dignified life (eudemonia), but also with the orientation to pleasure (hedonism). The orientation hedonism was higher in young women; therefore, multiple regression analysis of the relationship between the studied phenomena was conducted in separate male and female groups of respondents. The results demonstrated that the value of birth and child-rearing in women is correlated with hedonism; the general value of family in male respondents is related with eudemonia.Scientific novelty. This investigation confirms that there is no contradiction between hedonism and family values. The research findings deduce that both eudemonic and hedonic orientations support family values, although the system of relationships between these orientations may vary according to gender. This finding expands our knowledge about hedonism and its role in modern society.Practical significance. The research results expand the understanding of hedonism and its role in modern society, clarifying the content of activities to prepare young people for family life. In order to enhance the effectiveness of such psychological and pedagogical support, one should take into account the hedonic tendencies of young people, revealing the importance of family formation in the context of personal happiness.
{"title":"The Relationship of Youth Family Values with Hedonism and Eudemonia","authors":"I. V. Anoshkin, O. Sychev","doi":"10.17853/1994-5639-2019-8-90-111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2019-8-90-111","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. A notable trend in modern society is the transformation of family institution, which has long been considered the most important social and personal value. The change of attitudes of young people towards marriage in Russia is slower than in Europe; however, this process is becoming more obvious today and there is an urgent need to study it. So far, very little research has been carried out. In psychology and other social sciences, it is widely believed that the family formation is hampered by a hedonistic worldview. However, it is well known that the family provides the opportunities to meet many important human needs. This contradiction has prompted the direction of the present research.The aim of this research is to empirically investigate whether there is the conflict of the perceptions of the Russian young people about family values and hedonic and eudemonic orientations.Methodology and research methods. The empirical research was conducted using K. Peterson’s questionnaire “Happiness Orientations”. 173 students (49% female) took part in the research project. To assess the importance of family and different family values, the authors of the present research elaborated a special questionnaire, the reliability of which was confirmed in the course of approbation. The information obtained was processed through the means of correlation, regression analysis and nonparametric statistics in Statistica 10; confirmatory factor analysis of questionnaires was performed in Mplus 7.Results. The results of path analysis of interrelations between hedonism, eudemonia and family values indicated that family values were correlated not only with the orientation to meaningful and dignified life (eudemonia), but also with the orientation to pleasure (hedonism). The orientation hedonism was higher in young women; therefore, multiple regression analysis of the relationship between the studied phenomena was conducted in separate male and female groups of respondents. The results demonstrated that the value of birth and child-rearing in women is correlated with hedonism; the general value of family in male respondents is related with eudemonia.Scientific novelty. This investigation confirms that there is no contradiction between hedonism and family values. The research findings deduce that both eudemonic and hedonic orientations support family values, although the system of relationships between these orientations may vary according to gender. This finding expands our knowledge about hedonism and its role in modern society.Practical significance. The research results expand the understanding of hedonism and its role in modern society, clarifying the content of activities to prepare young people for family life. In order to enhance the effectiveness of such psychological and pedagogical support, one should take into account the hedonic tendencies of young people, revealing the importance of family formation in the context of personal happiness.","PeriodicalId":44143,"journal":{"name":"Obrazovanie i Nauka-Education and Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67569932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-05DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2018-5-125-141
Вишневский Юрий Рудольфович, Ячменева Марина Владимировна
Introduction . Nowadays, in the modern world and in Russia, in particular, there are deformations of family institute which cause the concern for demographic situation in the society and social well-being in general. The Government’s measures within youth policy taken for support for young families, promotion of family values and a healthy lifestyle among young citizens are obviously insufficient. Therefore, thorough scientific research of young families’ problems is required in order to provide substantial assistance for them. Methodology and research methods . Analysis of marriage and family attitudes of student youth was carried out on the basis of monitoring materials “Student 1995–2016: The dynamics of socio-cultural development of students of the Middle Urals”. The main method of collecting information was the questionnaire. The sociological toolkit developed by the scientific group “Sociology of Youth” under the auspices of the Department of Sociology and Technologies of the Public and Municipal Administration and Organization of Work with Young People of the Ural federal University was used. Results and scientific novelty . Methodological approaches to the study of family values as guidelines for the formation of a civic culture of youth are investigated. The data of open statistical sources are presented and analysed. It is concluded that the greatest changes have happened in marital status of students over the past two decades. Processing of the monitoring results and questionnaires allowed the authors to reveal new tendencies in perceptions of the matrimonial relations and to clarify the demographic attitudes of young people. The authors have noted outspread of “trial marriages”, growth of number of civil marriages and slight increase in proportion of voluntary childlessness but becoming increasingly widespread among young people today. The objective reason of these phenomena consists in the period of social and economic reforms dragged on over several decades; the spontaneous and unpredictable nature of those reforms have turned the prospects of the family institute to be uncertain and obliged people to strengthen their fears for the future and future of their children, which in turn resulted in complicated decision making on marriage by young people. Besides, aspirations of young people to personal liberty, individual self-affirmation and egocentric pleasure have increased, the consequence of which is unwillingness to be obliged by the family. Practical significance . The research findings and the authors’ conclusions highlight the necessity for correction and reinforcement of actions on the preservation and development of the family institution as well as organization of work insurance of social sustainability of young families.
{"title":"ОТНОШЕНИЕ СТУДЕНЧЕСКОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ К СЕМЕЙНЫМ ЦЕННОСТЯМ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ СВЕРДЛОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ)","authors":"Вишневский Юрий Рудольфович, Ячменева Марина Владимировна","doi":"10.17853/1994-5639-2018-5-125-141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2018-5-125-141","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction . Nowadays, in the modern world and in Russia, in particular, there are deformations of family institute which cause the concern for demographic situation in the society and social well-being in general. The Government’s measures within youth policy taken for support for young families, promotion of family values and a healthy lifestyle among young citizens are obviously insufficient. Therefore, thorough scientific research of young families’ problems is required in order to provide substantial assistance for them. Methodology and research methods . Analysis of marriage and family attitudes of student youth was carried out on the basis of monitoring materials “Student 1995–2016: The dynamics of socio-cultural development of students of the Middle Urals”. The main method of collecting information was the questionnaire. The sociological toolkit developed by the scientific group “Sociology of Youth” under the auspices of the Department of Sociology and Technologies of the Public and Municipal Administration and Organization of Work with Young People of the Ural federal University was used. Results and scientific novelty . Methodological approaches to the study of family values as guidelines for the formation of a civic culture of youth are investigated. The data of open statistical sources are presented and analysed. It is concluded that the greatest changes have happened in marital status of students over the past two decades. Processing of the monitoring results and questionnaires allowed the authors to reveal new tendencies in perceptions of the matrimonial relations and to clarify the demographic attitudes of young people. The authors have noted outspread of “trial marriages”, growth of number of civil marriages and slight increase in proportion of voluntary childlessness but becoming increasingly widespread among young people today. The objective reason of these phenomena consists in the period of social and economic reforms dragged on over several decades; the spontaneous and unpredictable nature of those reforms have turned the prospects of the family institute to be uncertain and obliged people to strengthen their fears for the future and future of their children, which in turn resulted in complicated decision making on marriage by young people. Besides, aspirations of young people to personal liberty, individual self-affirmation and egocentric pleasure have increased, the consequence of which is unwillingness to be obliged by the family. Practical significance . The research findings and the authors’ conclusions highlight the necessity for correction and reinforcement of actions on the preservation and development of the family institution as well as organization of work insurance of social sustainability of young families.","PeriodicalId":44143,"journal":{"name":"Obrazovanie i Nauka-Education and Science","volume":"71 1","pages":"125-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2018-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87271374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-04DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2018-3-160-181
M. S. Gelfand
Introduction. Originality and independence is the first, absolute and general requirement to the content of dissertations, regardless of an academic degree and research direction. At the same time, recently a considerable fraction of different types of plagiarism have been found out in the Russian dissertation works. The aim is an analysis of the most frequent plagiarism in candidate and doctoral dissertations. Results. We consider the established practices in the evaluation of independence in academic works. Unethical use of someone else’s work and materials by the authors of dissertations include, in particular, copying from official documents and abstracts without acknowledgement the source and with no citation; replication of existing reviews and chapters from already defended dissertations; falsification by refreshing of outdated data with substituted dates, and or wordfor-word copy-pasting with substitution of the research object. The latter type of the plagiarism involving fraud in experimental and statistical data constitutes a special peril for the science and for the society in general. The primary principle for assessment of independence in dissertations has to be proper citing and referencing that should allow a reader to distinguish the author’s contribution from someone else’s text. Undocumented verbatim quotations in dissertations are inadmissible, whether the author claims scientific novelty or not. At that, it does not matter whether well-known or unique data are provided, and whether the source is protected by a copyright. Practical significance. The qualitative analysis of the factual material, based on the author’s observations, can serve as a starting point for the subsequent quantitative analysis of plagiarism in scientific texts.
{"title":"Недобросовестные заимствования в диссертационных работах","authors":"M. S. Gelfand","doi":"10.17853/1994-5639-2018-3-160-181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2018-3-160-181","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Originality and independence is the first, absolute and general requirement to the content of dissertations, regardless of an academic degree and research direction. At the same time, recently a considerable fraction of different types of plagiarism have been found out in the Russian dissertation works. The aim is an analysis of the most frequent plagiarism in candidate and doctoral dissertations. Results. We consider the established practices in the evaluation of independence in academic works. Unethical use of someone else’s work and materials by the authors of dissertations include, in particular, copying from official documents and abstracts without acknowledgement the source and with no citation; replication of existing reviews and chapters from already defended dissertations; falsification by refreshing of outdated data with substituted dates, and or wordfor-word copy-pasting with substitution of the research object. The latter type of the plagiarism involving fraud in experimental and statistical data constitutes a special peril for the science and for the society in general. The primary principle for assessment of independence in dissertations has to be proper citing and referencing that should allow a reader to distinguish the author’s contribution from someone else’s text. Undocumented verbatim quotations in dissertations are inadmissible, whether the author claims scientific novelty or not. At that, it does not matter whether well-known or unique data are provided, and whether the source is protected by a copyright. Practical significance. The qualitative analysis of the factual material, based on the author’s observations, can serve as a starting point for the subsequent quantitative analysis of plagiarism in scientific texts.","PeriodicalId":44143,"journal":{"name":"Obrazovanie i Nauka-Education and Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"160-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2018-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42265176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-02DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2017-9-86-102
I. V. Vorobyeva, O. V. Kruzhkova
Introduction. Today, the process of socialization of modern youth takes place in absoutely other circumstances in comparison with former generations. The social activity of young people and teenagers is being developed not only in real but also in virtual space. The Internet environment, where new generation representatives actively manifest themselves, has significant effect on their life goals and behaviour. This influence can be positive and useful, on the one hand, and negative, on the other, deforming human mind and own personality. The aim of the present article is to identify, describe and analyze social and psychological factors of youth susceptibility to psychological and informational impact of the Internet environment. Methodology and research methods . A method of sociological questioning was applied to find out the characteristics of young people behaviour in virtual space, degree of their involvement in “a world web”, and intensity of the Web-based interaction. Psychodiagnostic methods by A. V. Smirnov “Semantic universals of the information and cultural environment” were used for studying the peculiarities of young people attitude to the Internet. Results and scientific novelty. The features of attitudes of young people towards the use of the Internet, degree of their virtual environment immersion, frequency of usage and behaviour models on the Internet are considered. A risk group among examinees (data sample – n = 277, 14–25 years) is marked out and characterized. The representatives of this group showed high activity on the Internet, however, they do not draw attention to the Internet content: their relation to virtual space is based on aprioristic recognition of its need and usefulness with the accompanying denial of any propaganda of dangerous ideas and behaviour models which can endanger psychological health, own wellbeing and wellbeing of other people. Practical significance. The data obtained can be used for effective prevention of negative impact of information and social content of the Internet on young people singled out as a risk group.
{"title":"Социально-психологические аспекты восприимчивости молодежи к воздействиям среды Интернет","authors":"I. V. Vorobyeva, O. V. Kruzhkova","doi":"10.17853/1994-5639-2017-9-86-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2017-9-86-102","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Today, the process of socialization of modern youth takes place in absoutely other circumstances in comparison with former generations. The social activity of young people and teenagers is being developed not only in real but also in virtual space. The Internet environment, where new generation representatives actively manifest themselves, has significant effect on their life goals and behaviour. This influence can be positive and useful, on the one hand, and negative, on the other, deforming human mind and own personality. The aim of the present article is to identify, describe and analyze social and psychological factors of youth susceptibility to psychological and informational impact of the Internet environment. Methodology and research methods . A method of sociological questioning was applied to find out the characteristics of young people behaviour in virtual space, degree of their involvement in “a world web”, and intensity of the Web-based interaction. Psychodiagnostic methods by A. V. Smirnov “Semantic universals of the information and cultural environment” were used for studying the peculiarities of young people attitude to the Internet. Results and scientific novelty. The features of attitudes of young people towards the use of the Internet, degree of their virtual environment immersion, frequency of usage and behaviour models on the Internet are considered. A risk group among examinees (data sample – n = 277, 14–25 years) is marked out and characterized. The representatives of this group showed high activity on the Internet, however, they do not draw attention to the Internet content: their relation to virtual space is based on aprioristic recognition of its need and usefulness with the accompanying denial of any propaganda of dangerous ideas and behaviour models which can endanger psychological health, own wellbeing and wellbeing of other people. Practical significance. The data obtained can be used for effective prevention of negative impact of information and social content of the Internet on young people singled out as a risk group.","PeriodicalId":44143,"journal":{"name":"Obrazovanie i Nauka-Education and Science","volume":"19 1","pages":"86-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46213130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-19DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2017-8-188-203
Татьяна Павловна Рассказова, Наталья Степановна Глуханюк, Мария Олеговна Гузикова
Introduction. In the conditions of the modern globalization, one of the most significant indicators of competitiveness of the universities is the academic mobility of students, graduate students, teachers and research associates that implies their free and competent enough foreign language skills, first of all English. Yet, until recently, comparatively little attention has been paid to foreign language skills of the Russian academic teaching staff. However, in recent years, with regard to the process acceleration of internationalization of the higher education to provide own effective functioning and remain a demanded one in education and training market, domestic higher education institutions are forced to quickly fill in the gaps of foreign language knowledge among academic teaching staff. The aim of this article is to analyse and describe the tuition outcomes for academic teaching staff based on the official exam results from Cambridge English Language Assessment for three years (2015–2017). Methodology and research methods. The research, which is grounded in interdisciplinary approach and lies at the intersection of psychology, linguistics and pedagogics, was conducted on the basis of the statistical analysis and generalization of mean scores of English language testing results, taking into account qualitative and quantitative standards of speech skills: reading, writing, listening, speaking and use of English (for levels B2, C1). Results and scientific novelty. The essential strengthening and development of the Cambridge English system for level increase of proficiency in English among the Russian academic teaching staff is proved. The data of external peer evaluation provided by exam centre Cambridge English Language Assessment including the foreign language training results of academic teaching staff are analysed. The results obtained show that contrary to the wide-spread opinion that productive skills (speaking and writing) take longer to develop and are difficult to acquire, university teachers demonstrate a different trend: the worst developed skill is listening, then comes reading, writing and speaking. Practical significance. The research provided in the article gives additional understanding of specifics of English training for adults, namely academic teaching staff, and features of their cognitive age processes when foreign language skills acquisition. The materials of the presented publication will be useful to teachers of a foreign language and higher education institution authorities while organizing additional learning foreign languages education in the conditions of artificial bilingualism, also, when teaching programmes updating for the purpose of strengthening of its efficiency.
{"title":"РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ОБУЧЕНИЯ ПРОФЕССОРСКО- ПРЕПОДАВАТЕЛЬСКОГО СОСТАВА АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ В УСЛОВИЯХ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО БИЛИНГВИЗМА","authors":"Татьяна Павловна Рассказова, Наталья Степановна Глуханюк, Мария Олеговна Гузикова","doi":"10.17853/1994-5639-2017-8-188-203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2017-8-188-203","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In the conditions of the modern globalization, one of the most significant indicators of competitiveness of the universities is the academic mobility of students, graduate students, teachers and research associates that implies their free and competent enough foreign language skills, first of all English. Yet, until recently, comparatively little attention has been paid to foreign language skills of the Russian academic teaching staff. However, in recent years, with regard to the process acceleration of internationalization of the higher education to provide own effective functioning and remain a demanded one in education and training market, domestic higher education institutions are forced to quickly fill in the gaps of foreign language knowledge among academic teaching staff. The aim of this article is to analyse and describe the tuition outcomes for academic teaching staff based on the official exam results from Cambridge English Language Assessment for three years (2015–2017). Methodology and research methods. The research, which is grounded in interdisciplinary approach and lies at the intersection of psychology, linguistics and pedagogics, was conducted on the basis of the statistical analysis and generalization of mean scores of English language testing results, taking into account qualitative and quantitative standards of speech skills: reading, writing, listening, speaking and use of English (for levels B2, C1). Results and scientific novelty. The essential strengthening and development of the Cambridge English system for level increase of proficiency in English among the Russian academic teaching staff is proved. The data of external peer evaluation provided by exam centre Cambridge English Language Assessment including the foreign language training results of academic teaching staff are analysed. The results obtained show that contrary to the wide-spread opinion that productive skills (speaking and writing) take longer to develop and are difficult to acquire, university teachers demonstrate a different trend: the worst developed skill is listening, then comes reading, writing and speaking. Practical significance. The research provided in the article gives additional understanding of specifics of English training for adults, namely academic teaching staff, and features of their cognitive age processes when foreign language skills acquisition. The materials of the presented publication will be useful to teachers of a foreign language and higher education institution authorities while organizing additional learning foreign languages education in the conditions of artificial bilingualism, also, when teaching programmes updating for the purpose of strengthening of its efficiency.","PeriodicalId":44143,"journal":{"name":"Obrazovanie i Nauka-Education and Science","volume":"19 1","pages":"188-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46498686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-14DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2017-7-60-76
M. Y. Ababkova, V. L. Leontieva
Introduction . Neurotechnologies based on the principles of a nervous system functioning are being introduced into modern educational process more and more actively. Neurotechnology-based devices give the chance to develop new educational products; to enlarge the content of education by means of transition from text, graphic and sound content filling of educational process to use of tactile, motor, emotional, and other content. One of the most perspective neurotechnologies for the field of education is the method of biofeedback (BF) which enables to define students’ mental state, change various physiological processes proceeding from the obtained data, correct educational process, and improve its quality and effectiveness. The aim of the present publication is to identify the opportunities of the biofeedback method application for educational purposes. Methodology and research methods . A pilot study on the basis of biofeedback technique was conducted in order to study the influence of active learning methods on students’ mental state mastering in specialty “Advertising and Public Relations”. H. Eysenck’s PEN Model was used to form focus-groups (control and experimental); psychophysiological technique CMS (Current Mental State) was applied for results processing. Also, such methods as comparative analysis, induction and generalization were used. Results . A true picture of psychological attributes of students’ mental condition has been received for efficient studying of the current psychological state on psychophysiological functions, and training active methods impact on a condition of mentality of students according to the results of cardiorhythmogram. The main results of a pilot research were quantitative data (as percentage points) of the current mental and psychological conditions of examinees. The obtained results have reflected the degree of attributes manifestation such as general adaptive resource, degree of mobility (lability) of mental processes, neuroticism, efficiency mentality, etc. (only 19 parameters). The degree of similarity or distinction of students’ mental state according to the available samples (standards) has been defined. It should, however, be noted that the adaptability of experimental group turned out to be higher; on the contrary, the indicators of affectivity, neuroticism, irritability, epileptoidness, and rigidity are likely to be lower. Scientific novelty . It is proved that application of active methods of training unlike traditional ones is more effective in terms of impact on health, adaptability and efficiency of mentality of students. Thanks to a positive emotional background, students easier solve creative and cogitative tasks, and acquire a difficult training material better. Practical significance . The materials of the pilot study can be useful for diagnostics of students’ emotional state during their coursework; elaboration of the educational process organization; studying the issues of students’ motivati
{"title":"Исследование эмоционального состояния студентов на основе метода биологической обратной связи","authors":"M. Y. Ababkova, V. L. Leontieva","doi":"10.17853/1994-5639-2017-7-60-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2017-7-60-76","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction . Neurotechnologies based on the principles of a nervous system functioning are being introduced into modern educational process more and more actively. Neurotechnology-based devices give the chance to develop new educational products; to enlarge the content of education by means of transition from text, graphic and sound content filling of educational process to use of tactile, motor, emotional, and other content. One of the most perspective neurotechnologies for the field of education is the method of biofeedback (BF) which enables to define students’ mental state, change various physiological processes proceeding from the obtained data, correct educational process, and improve its quality and effectiveness. The aim of the present publication is to identify the opportunities of the biofeedback method application for educational purposes. Methodology and research methods . A pilot study on the basis of biofeedback technique was conducted in order to study the influence of active learning methods on students’ mental state mastering in specialty “Advertising and Public Relations”. H. Eysenck’s PEN Model was used to form focus-groups (control and experimental); psychophysiological technique CMS (Current Mental State) was applied for results processing. Also, such methods as comparative analysis, induction and generalization were used. Results . A true picture of psychological attributes of students’ mental condition has been received for efficient studying of the current psychological state on psychophysiological functions, and training active methods impact on a condition of mentality of students according to the results of cardiorhythmogram. The main results of a pilot research were quantitative data (as percentage points) of the current mental and psychological conditions of examinees. The obtained results have reflected the degree of attributes manifestation such as general adaptive resource, degree of mobility (lability) of mental processes, neuroticism, efficiency mentality, etc. (only 19 parameters). The degree of similarity or distinction of students’ mental state according to the available samples (standards) has been defined. It should, however, be noted that the adaptability of experimental group turned out to be higher; on the contrary, the indicators of affectivity, neuroticism, irritability, epileptoidness, and rigidity are likely to be lower. Scientific novelty . It is proved that application of active methods of training unlike traditional ones is more effective in terms of impact on health, adaptability and efficiency of mentality of students. Thanks to a positive emotional background, students easier solve creative and cogitative tasks, and acquire a difficult training material better. Practical significance . The materials of the pilot study can be useful for diagnostics of students’ emotional state during their coursework; elaboration of the educational process organization; studying the issues of students’ motivati","PeriodicalId":44143,"journal":{"name":"Obrazovanie i Nauka-Education and Science","volume":"19 1","pages":"60-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49378860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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