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FEATURES OF LIFE-MEANING ORIENTATIONS OF YOUNG ADULTS WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF REFLEXION 不同反思水平青年生命意义取向的特征
IF 0.7 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2016-06-02 DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2016-5-97-107
Yulia Popova
The purpose of the research is to establish specifics of lifemeaning orientations of young adults with different levels of reflexion. Methods. The methods involve empirical data collection methods, mathematical methods of statistics (nonparametric Mann – Whitney U test is used for comparing two independent samples and assessing significance of their differences; nonparametric Kruskal – Wallis H test is used for assessing the impact of reflexion level on life-meaning orientations), descriptive statistics. 45 girls and 15 boys in the age range of 21–22 took part in the research. Results. Analysis of the data led to conclusion that there is non-linear connection between the level of reflexion development and life-meaning orientations of young adults. This connection may be seen as reflexion’s influence on lifemeaning orientations, which consists of gender-specific and gender-nonspecific
本研究的目的是建立不同反思水平的青年生命意义取向的具体特征。方法。方法包括经验数据收集方法、数理统计学方法(采用非参数Mann - Whitney U检验比较两个独立样本并评估其差异的显著性;非参数Kruskal - Wallis H检验用于评估反思水平对生活意义取向的影响),描述性统计。年龄在21-22岁之间的45名女孩和15名男孩参加了这项研究。结果。数据分析表明,青年反思发展水平与人生意义取向之间存在非线性关系。这种联系可以看作是反思对生活意义取向的影响,生活意义取向包括性别特异性和性别非特异性
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引用次数: 1
Развитие креативности педагогов в процессе разрешения конфликтов 在解决冲突过程中培养教师的创造力
IF 0.7 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2016-06-02 DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2016-5-107-122
Дарья Николаевна Сергеева
The aim of the article is to present creativity in the process of pedagogical conflict resolution. The results of psychological research conducted among secondary school teachers are given.  The article summarizes the results of the study of personality and creativity highlighted its main components. Methods. The methods involve theoretical analysis of the problem and the subject of investigation, philosophical, psychological, pedagogical, sociological literature research; empirical methods (school teacher’s psychological testing by means of hand-picked procedures); methods stimulating educational specialists to take initiative in the process of conflict situations› constructive resolution (training methods group discussion, role-playing and business games, specific situations analysis); quantitative and qualitative analysis of empirical results (computer data processing, data design in the form of tables, schemes, illustrations, diagrams, bar charts), methods of mathematical statistics (The Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient, φ-Fisher). Data processing procedure is actualized by means of MS Excel package and statistical manipulation program «Statistica 8.0».  Results and scientific novelty . The scientific belief of the following concepts content is concretized: «educational specialist’s creativity in the process of conflict resolution», «pedagogical conflict»; psycho-pedagogical conditions of creativity development in the process of conflict resolution are determined. Personal and behavioral features of various creativity level pedagogues are elicited. The correlation of educational specialist’s creativity with peculiarities of their behavior in conflict situations is revealed. It is stated that creativity appears to be one of the determinant of individual’s action, which is oriented on constructive conflict resolution. The program schemed by us promoted the extension of the teachers creative potential, which, in return, promoted upgrading of unusual mentality and creative approach to problem situations solution, which gives an opportunity to resolute pedagogical conflicts constructively.  The program of educational specialist’s creative development in the process of conflict resolution is elaborated and tested. The interconnection of creativity, personal and behavioral peculiarities of educational workers in the process of conflict resolution is elicited. The research concludes in educational specialist’s creative development program elaboration in the process of conflict resolution, which promotes the pedagogues’ personal growth, enhancement of professional activity, increase of theoretical and practical background of the teachers for solving conflict situations.  Practical significance . Research results may be applied in psychological consulting, in pedagogues’ and psychologists’ teaching or advanced training. The program of educational specialist’s creative development elaboration in the process of conflict resolution may be exercised
本文的目的是呈现教学冲突解决过程中的创造性。本文给出了对中学教师进行心理调查的结果。文章总结了人格与创造力的研究成果,突出了其主要组成部分。方法。方法涉及问题的理论分析和主题调查、哲学研究、心理学研究、教育学研究、社会学文献研究;实证方法(通过精心挑选的程序对学校教师进行心理测试);方法刺激教育专家在冲突情况过程中采取主动›建设性的解决方案(培训方法小组讨论,角色扮演和商业游戏,具体情况分析);实证结果的定量和定性分析(计算机数据处理,表格、方案、插图、图表、条形图形式的数据设计),数理统计方法(斯皮尔曼秩相关系数,φ-Fisher)。数据处理程序是通过MS Excel软件包和统计处理程序«Statistica 8.0»实现的。结果与科学新颖性。以下概念的科学信念内容具体体现为:“冲突解决过程中的教育专家创造力”、“教学冲突”;确定了冲突解决过程中创造力发展的心理教学条件。揭示了不同创造性水平教师的个人特征和行为特征。揭示了教育专家的创造力与其在冲突情境中的行为特征之间的相关性。创造性似乎是个人行为的决定因素之一,其导向是建设性的冲突解决。我们策划的项目促进了教师创造性潜能的拓展,反过来又促进了非常规思维和创造性解决问题的方法的升级,从而为建设性地解决教学冲突提供了机会。对冲突解决过程中教育专家创造性发展的方案进行了阐述和检验。在冲突解决过程中,教育工作者的创造力、个人特征和行为特征相互联系。研究的结论是在冲突解决过程中教育专家创造性发展方案的阐述,促进了教师的个人成长,增强了专业活动,增加了教师解决冲突情境的理论和实践背景。现实意义。研究成果可用于心理咨询、教师和心理学家的教学或高级培训。教育专家在冲突解决过程中创造性发展的阐述方案可以在心理教育服务功能中发挥作用。
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引用次数: 1
Образовательный коворкинг как новый формат организации образовательного пространства дополнительного профессионального образования 教育领域作为额外职业教育空间组织的新格式
IF 0.7 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2016-06-02 DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2016-5-139-157
Галина Александровна Игнатьева, О. В. Тулупова, Андрей Сергеевич Мольков
The aim of the article is to reveal the essence of the educational coworking as a fundamentally new form of organization of teacher’s innovative activity and relevant meaningful-activity technology of its exploration and practical implementation in the conditions of additional professional education (АPE).  Methods . From the standpoint of anthropological project-transforming paradigm and reflective-positional approach the mission, content, structure and shape of the АPE, focused on the project-network and scientific-service support of innovative development of educational institutions and the formation of a new professional position of the teacher are disclosed. Based on the comparative analysis of mechanisms of coworking in economics, sociology and business education key characteristics of a model of educational co-working space are highlighted. The method of conceptual modeling of educational polypositional space of co-organization of the АPE subjects is applied.  Results . The methodological framework of educational coworking is proposed and described including the problem area, realized in the project – analytical sessions; information area, based on today’s knowledge-management technologies; the project – constructor area, where the project – network nodes format is implemented to work with al-ready initiated projects and the launch of new projects; organizational area where the cultivation is carried out a viable community of implementers of innovative projects; and the main unit – media-hub – concentration and distribution center in terms of growth time, personal resources, to ensure the movement of students on individual trajectories.  Scientific novelty . Essential characteristics of the educational coworking, based on its understanding as a new organizational format that integrates professional training of the teacher in accordance with the social order and its professional development in terms of individual needs and capabilities are revealed.  Practical significance . The educational model of coworking has a high potential in terms of growing new functional teaching positions in APE, transformation of pedagogical activity as a whole through the embedding of the activity standards in the practice of education.
本文旨在揭示教育合作作为一种全新的教师创新活动组织形式的本质,以及在附加专业教育条件下对其探索和实践实施的相关有意义活动技术(АPE)。方法。从人类学项目转化范式和反思定位方法的角度,揭示了АPE的使命、内容、结构和形态,重点是项目网络和科学服务支持教育机构的创新发展和教师新的专业地位的形成。通过对经济学、社会学和商学联合办公机制的比较分析,强调了教育联合办公空间模式的主要特征。应用АPE学科协同组织教育多位置空间的概念建模方法。结果。提出并描述了教育合作的方法框架,包括在项目分析会议中实现的问题领域;信息区,基于当今的知识管理技术;项目建设区,实行项目网络节点模式,配合已开工项目和新开工项目;开展创新项目实施者群体培育的组织领域;而主体单位——媒体枢纽——集中配送中心在成长时间、个人资源等方面,保证了学生在个人运动轨迹上的发展。科学的新奇。基于对教育合作作为一种新的组织形式的理解,揭示了教育合作的本质特征,这种组织形式将教师的专业培训与个人需求和能力的专业发展相结合。现实意义。通过将活动标准嵌入到教育实践中,共同工作的教育模式在APE中培养新的功能教学岗位方面具有很高的潜力,可以从整体上改变教学活动。
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引用次数: 6
Из опыта поддержки молодых педагогов в странах ЕС 在欧盟国家支持年轻教师的经验中
IF 0.7 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2016-06-02 DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2016-5-158-175
Элина Николаевна Яковлева, Ирина Евгеньевна Красилова
The purpose of the article is a description of the basic points of the uniform policy adopted in the European countries (EU members) targeted at the support of beginning teachers. At present, the majority of the European countries face shortage of teachers. For various reasons young teachers leave the profession. The number of such teachers can be reduced significantly if at the beginning of their professional career they are given complex support including personal, social and professional components. The problem of young teachers’ outflow from comprehensive schools takes place in our country, too. That is why foreign experience of solving this problem is important.  Methods . Methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization of foreign experience are used.  Results and scientific novelty . After the analysis of the European commission documents, the main components of the program for the support of beginning teachers during the induction period, recommended for introduction in EU countries, are defined. Each component of the induction program (personal, social and professional) has a number of necessary elements characteristics of which are given in the article. The program provides four interconnected systems of support: mentoring, support of experts, support of colleagues and self-reflection. The article contains a short description of these systems (types of support, the purposes, key factors, kinds of activity, necessary conditions). The article gives also the main, general conditions necessary for effective implementation of induction programs.  Practical significance . The results of the research of the experience in EU countries on supporting beginning teachers during the induction period of their professional career can be useful to the heads of the regional ministries and territorial administrations of education, comprehensive schools developing a system of measures for supporting young teachers.
本文的目的是描述欧洲国家(欧盟成员国)采取的针对初任教师支持的统一政策的基本要点。目前,大多数欧洲国家都面临着教师短缺的问题。由于种种原因,年轻教师离开了这个行业。如果在教师职业生涯之初就给予他们复杂的支持,包括个人、社会和专业方面的支持,这类教师的数量可以大大减少。我国也存在着综合学校青年教师外流的问题。这就是为什么国外解决这一问题的经验是重要的。方法。采用了分析、综合和概括国外经验的方法。结果与科学新颖性。在对欧盟委员会文件进行分析后,确定了建议在欧盟国家引入的入职教师支持计划的主要组成部分。入职培训计划的每个组成部分(个人的、社会的和专业的)都有一些必要的要素,这些要素的特征在文章中给出了。该计划提供四个相互关联的支持系统:指导、专家支持、同事支持和自我反思。本文对这些系统进行了简要的描述(支持的类型、目的、关键因素、活动的种类、必要条件)。文章还提出了有效实施诱导项目的主要条件和一般条件。现实意义。欧盟国家对初任教师在其职业生涯入门阶段的支持经验的研究结果,可以对地区部委和地区教育行政部门的负责人、综合学校制定支持青年教师的措施体系有所帮助。
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引用次数: 1
Психолого-педагогическое сопровождение профессионального самоопределения подростков, склонных к девиантному поведению 倾向于反常行为的青少年的职业自决
IF 0.7 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2016-06-02 DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2016-5-83-96
Галина Николаевна Жулина
The aim of the research is to study the peculiarities of teenagers’ professional self-determination inclined to deviant behavior, the design of the psychological and pedagogical program of professional self-determination for adolescents.  Methods . The methods involve theoretical analysis on the research problem, empirical methods and techniques (methods in diagnostics of tendency to deviant behavior (SOPS) by A. N. Orel, questionnaire to determine the professional readiness by L. N. Kabardova; questionnaire «The knowledge about the world of professions» by E. A. Klimov; the questionnaire for determining personal professional perspective by N. S. Pryazhnikov), methods of mathematical statistics (the MannWhitney test).  Results . The age differences of some components of adolescents’ professional self-determination are revealed. It is proved that there are differences for some components of professional self-determination of adolescents, inclined and not inclined to deviant behavior. The program project of psychological and pedagogical support of professional self-determination for adolescents is proposed.  Scientific novelty and theoretical significance of the work consists in the expansion of scientific ideas about the psychological characteristics of adolescents who are prone to deviant forms of behavior. The study clarifies the scientific view of professional self-determination of a teenager and organization of psychological and pedagogical support of driving in instability of society.  Practical significance . The results allow to solve practical problems of professional self-determination of adolescents. The obtained results can be used in advisory, developmental directions of practical psychologist in education, in building programs of prevention deviant behavior for teenagers. The results of the study served as the basis for designing the program of psycho-pedagogical support of adolescents’ professional self-determination.
本研究旨在探讨青少年职业自我决定倾向于越轨行为的特点,设计青少年职业自我决定的心理和教学方案。方法。研究方法包括对研究问题的理论分析、实证方法和技术(A. N. Orel的越轨行为倾向诊断方法、L. N. Kabardova的职业准备问卷测定法;E. A.克里莫夫的问卷“关于职业世界的知识”;(N. S. Pryazhnikov)确定个人职业观点的问卷,数理统计方法(曼惠特尼检验)。结果。揭示了青少年职业自我决定各组成部分的年龄差异。结果表明,倾向于与不倾向于偏差行为的青少年在职业自我决定的某些成分上存在差异。提出了青少年职业自决的心理与教学支持方案项目。本研究的科学新颖性和理论意义在于拓展了对青少年越轨行为倾向心理特征的科学认识。本研究阐明了青少年职业自我决定的科学观点,以及在社会不稳定中组织对驾驶的心理和教学支持。现实意义。研究结果有助于解决青少年职业自决的实际问题。所得结果可为实践心理学家在教育中的咨询、发展方向、青少年预防越轨行为的制定提供参考。本研究结果可为设计青少年专业自我决定的心理教学支持方案提供依据。
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引用次数: 1
РАЗРАБОТКА КРИТЕРИЕВ ДЛЯ ОЦЕНКИ СФОРМИРОВАННОСТИ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНО ЗНАЧИМЫХ ЛИДЕРСКИХ КАЧЕСТВ У СТУДЕНТОВ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКОГО КОЛЛЕДЖА 为教师学院学生的专业领导能力的形成制定标准
IF 0.7 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2016-05-07 DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2016-4-171-185
Н. В. Кубарькова
The aim of the article is to give a theoretical justification of the criteria, indicators and measuring instruments for diagnostics of professionally significant leadership qualities of a teacher. Methods. Research material is presented from positions of the system and activity approaches. The first one allowed to develop the structure of professionally significant leadership qualities of a teacher, which includes twelve individual abilities and traits. The second one, abilities and individual features, their manifestation and development are considered from the standpoint of systemogenesis of professional activity. From these positions defined criteria basis for the diagnosis of professionally significant leadership qualities of a teacher. Methods of content analysis and content-logical intersections are used while defining the concept of «professionally significant leadership qualities of a teacher» and elaboration of its component composition. The method of concept analysis is used to determine criteria and indicators for diagnostics of professionally significant leadership qualities of a teacher. Results. The criteria and indicators, diagnostic tools for the detection of the formation of professionally significant leadership qualities of students of pedagogical college; the characteristic of used methods are given. Scientific novelty. The article provides a definition of the concept «professionally significant qualities of leadership of the teacher» is defined by the author; essence of such qualities is revealed. Practical significance. Described in this article approaches to definition of criteria and indicators may be of interest to researchers, graduate students, undergraduates. Listed diagnostic tools can be used in the performance appraisal of teachers for evaluating their leadership qualities.
本文的目的是为诊断教师专业重要领导素质的标准、指标和测量工具提供理论依据。方法。研究材料从系统和活动方法的立场提出。第一种是发展教师专业重要领导素质的结构,包括12种个人能力和特征。第二部分,从专业活动系统发生的角度考察能力和个体特征及其表现和发展。从这些职位定义了诊断教师专业重要领导素质的标准基础。在定义“教师的专业重要领导素质”的概念和阐述其组成部分时,使用了内容分析和内容逻辑交叉点的方法。概念分析的方法是用来确定诊断标准和指标的专业显著的领导素质的教师。结果。高师学生专业显著性领导素质形成的检测标准、指标和诊断工具给出了常用方法的特点。科学的新奇。本文对“教师的专业重要领导素质”这一概念进行了定义;这些品质的本质被揭示出来。现实意义。本文描述的标准和指标的定义方法可能对研究人员,研究生,本科生感兴趣。列出的诊断工具可用于教师的绩效评估,以评估其领导素质。
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引用次数: 0
ВЛИЯНИЕ ЗАНЯТИЙ МУЗЫКОЙ НА КОГНИТИВНОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ ДЕТЕЙ МЛАДШЕГО ШКОЛЬНОГО ВОЗРАСТА 音乐课程对学龄儿童认知发育的影响
IF 0.7 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2016-05-07 DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2016-4-155-170
Маргарита Евгеньевна Пермякова, Е. С. Ткаченко
The aim of the study is to determine the influence of music classes on the cognitive functions formation in children of primary school age with regulatory development and children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods. The complex pediatric neuropsychological method by T. V. Akhutina is used in the presented study. This method was developed at the Laboratory of Neuropsychology in Moscow State University under the direction of T. V. Akhutina. Results. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results obtained during the neuropsychological research reveals that music classes within one year significantly influence on the increase in the rate of cognitive development of children with regulatory development. This is manifested in a more rapid formation of their kinetic and kinesthetic functions, hemispheric interaction and the ability to perceive and reproduce rhythmic structures. Research of influence of learning to play musical instruments within two years on the cognitive development of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder showed significantly greater development of the programming functions and voluntary activity control, the kinetic functions, hemispheric interaction, the ability to perceive and reproduce rhythms per sample, verbal memory of children involved in music. This demonstrates more rapid flow of their compensatory processes and forming a number of cognitive functions. Scientific novelty. The statistically confirmed data on correctional-developing influence of music classes on cognitive development of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are achieved. Practical significance. The research materials may be applied by practical psychologists in preparation of complex correctional care programs for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
本研究旨在探讨音乐课对小学适龄调节发育儿童和注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童认知功能形成的影响。方法。在本研究中使用了t.v. Akhutina的复杂儿科神经心理学方法。这种方法是在莫斯科国立大学神经心理学实验室在t.v. Akhutina的指导下开发的。结果。通过对神经心理学研究结果的定量和定性分析,发现一年内的音乐课对调节性发育儿童认知发展速度的提高有显著的影响。这表现在它们的运动和动觉功能、半球相互作用以及感知和再现节奏结构的能力的更快形成。两年内学习乐器对注意缺陷多动障碍儿童认知发展的影响研究表明,参与音乐的儿童在编程功能和自主活动控制、动力功能、半球互动、对节拍的感知和再现能力、言语记忆等方面的发展显著提高。这表明它们的代偿过程流得更快,并形成了许多认知功能。科学的新奇。获得了音乐课对注意缺陷多动障碍儿童认知发展的矫正发展影响的统计证实数据。现实意义。这些研究材料可被实用心理学家应用于为患有注意缺陷多动障碍的儿童准备复杂的矫正护理方案。
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引用次数: 0
АНДРАГОГИКА РАЗВИТИЯ: БАЗИСНЫЕ ТЕОРЕМЫ 发展的安德拉戈吉卡:基线定理
IF 0.7 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2016-05-07 DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2016-4-134-154
А. Г. Теслинов
The article presents criticism of the state of scientific knowledge about adult education and provides the reasons for the choice of directions of its development. Methods. The approach to the substantiation of directions of development of andragogy includes aspectual analysis of scientific rhetoric of adult education; summarizing the symptoms and causes of the problems of educational practice examples of education managers; the analysis of the status of andragogy as a scientific paradigm; a conceptual analysis of the key theses of the modern synthesis of andragogy and the provisions for developmental adult education. Results and scientific novelty. Four theorems are formulated that specify the complete set of propositions about a developmental approach to adult education. These theorems are presented as a scientific hypothesis about the features of the approach. The theorems are proved, and the substantiation of the conditions of emergence of the adult education of educational properties is described. The idea of adult education as a developing culture is in the centre of reasoning. It is shown that the assertions of theorems form the conceptual core of the scientific branches in adult education – andragogy of development. The effect of the practical interpretation of its provisions is disclosed. Practical significance. Disclosed meanings and recommendations may be oriented to developers of educational systems and media for adults while creating the developmental components. These references will help to overcome the evident trend information of adult education to the "pulling" them up to continually outdated standards, and to give it the look of a truly developing technology.
本文对成人教育科学知识的现状进行了批判,并提出了成人教育科学知识发展方向选择的理由。方法。成人教育学发展方向的确证途径包括成人教育科学修辞学的层面分析;浅析教育管理者教育实践中出现问题的症状和原因男学作为一种科学范式的地位分析现代性学综合的主要论点及其对成人发展性教育的启示。结果与科学新颖性。提出了四个定理,说明了关于成人教育发展方法的完整命题。这些定理是作为一种关于该方法特征的科学假设提出的。对这些定理进行了证明,并对教育性成人教育产生的条件进行了证明。成人教育是一种发展中的文化,这一观点处于论证的中心。研究表明,定理断言构成了成人教育科学分支的概念核心——发展学。揭示了对其条款进行实际解释的效果。现实意义。揭示的意义和建议可以面向成人教育系统和媒体的开发者,同时创建发展组件。这些参考文献将有助于克服成人教育信息的明显趋势,将其“拉”到不断过时的标准,并使其具有真正发展中的技术的外观。
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引用次数: 0
Д. И. БЛОХИНЦЕВ – УЧЕНЫЙ И ПЕДАГОГ. О ДУХОВНЫХ ОСНОВАХ НАУЧНОГО ТВОРЧЕСТВА D.和。布洛欣采夫是一位科学家和教师。论科学创作的精神基础
IF 0.7 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2016-05-07 DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2016-4-117-133
Виктор Николаевич Первушин
The aim of the publication is to state the creative principles of activity of the outstanding scientist and teacher Dmitry Ivanovich Blokhintsev (1/10/1908 – 1/29/1979) – the organizer and the first director of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Researches in Dubna in 1956–1965, one of the pioneers of Nuclear Science and Atomics, the corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. The author of the article shares memories about the teacher and the research supervisor, and gives a peculiar report on realization of ideas of D. I. Blokhintsev. D. I. Blokhintsev had the special, original point of view on spiritual bases of scientific creativity that was directly reflected in his research and pedagogical activity. There are two fundamental aspects of pedagogics. On the one hand, it is the science possessing own specific laws and methods. On the other hand, the pedagogics is an art which methods, unlike scientific methodologies, can’t be acquired by formal and logical schemes. They are broadcast from one personality to another in direct communication. Thus possibly the «correspondence» assimilation of methods of outstanding teachers is inefficient as a rule. Not enough attention in the press is paid to this informal aspect of pedagogics in the view of difficulty of its description and analysis. The discussed D. I. Blokhintsev’s heritage is valuable from positions of the characteristic of pedagogics as arts of creative skill transfer. At first sight, it can seem paradoxical that this part of pedagogics is considered in connection with work in the field of the Quantum Field Theory and Cosmology – one of the most formalized fields of Theoretical Physics. However, the science, as well as pedagogics, considering it from top-level creativity, is becoming some kind of art too. One more important direction of work of D. I. Blokhintsev continued by the author of the publication in the book «Principles of the Quantum Universe» is emphasized. It is connected with the development of idea about vacuum as a source of all variety of the material world surrounding us. This deep world outlook idea includes both philosophical and religious aspects. D. I. Blokhintsev was presented the Order of Saints of Cyril and Methodius of the 1st degree (Bulgaria, 1970) for his fundamental course «Bases of Quantum Mechanics» published in nine languages. The scientist was the chairman of the organizing committees of 17 international conferences «Science, Philosophy and Religion» held in Dubna from 1990 to 2015 together with Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Moscow Spiritual Academy in Sergiev Posad, Fund of Andrew the FirstCalled, and Center of National Glory of Russia. D. I. Blokhintsev not only has enriched world science with fundamental works in the field of Solid State Physics and Statistical Physics, Acoustics, Physics Of Reactors And Nuclear Power, Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Field Theory and Quantum Electrodynamics, Physics Of High Energy
该出版物的目的是说明杰出的科学家和教师德米特里·伊万诺维奇·布洛欣采夫(1908年10月1日- 1979年1月29日)的创造性活动原则,他是1956-1965年杜布纳联合核研究所的组织者和首任所长,是核科学和原子的先驱之一,苏联科学院的通讯委员。文章的作者分享了对老师和研究导师的回忆,并对d.i. Blokhintsev思想的实现进行了独特的报道。布洛克欣采夫对科学创造力的精神基础有着独特而独到的见解,这种见解直接体现在他的研究和教学活动中。教育学有两个基本方面。一方面,它是一门具有自己特定规律和方法的科学。另一方面,教育学是一门艺术,它的方法与科学方法论不同,不能通过形式和逻辑方案来获得。它们在直接交流中从一个人传播到另一个人。因此,对优秀教师方法的“对应”同化通常是低效的。由于描述和分析的困难,新闻界对教育学的这一非正式方面没有给予足够的重视。从教育学作为创造性技能转移艺术的特点来看,所讨论的布洛克欣采夫的遗产是有价值的。乍一看,这部分教学被认为与量子场论和宇宙学领域的工作有关,这是理论物理学中最形式化的领域之一,这似乎是自相矛盾的。然而,科学,以及教育学,从顶层创造力的角度来看,也正在成为一种艺术。d.i. Blokhintsev的另一个重要的工作方向是由《量子宇宙原理》一书的作者继续强调的。它与真空是我们周围各种物质世界的来源这一观念的发展有关。这种深刻的世界观思想包括哲学和宗教两个方面。d.i. Blokhintsev因其以九种语言出版的基础课程《量子力学基础》被授予西里尔和梅多迪乌斯一级圣徒勋章(保加利亚,1970年)。1990年至2015年期间,他与俄罗斯科学院哲学研究所、谢尔盖耶夫波萨德莫斯科精神学院、安德鲁一世基金会和俄罗斯国家荣誉中心一起在杜布纳举行了17次“科学、哲学和宗教”国际会议的组委会主席。布洛克欣采夫不仅在固体物理学和统计物理学、声学、反应堆和核电物理学、量子力学、量子场论和量子电动力学、高能物理学和原子核物理学、科学哲学和方法论等领域的基础著作丰富了世界科学,而且为后人留下了激发创造性科学活动的储备。本文阐述了d·i·布洛克欣采夫的科学创造原理在《现代物理学》和《宇宙宇宙学》中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Positive interaction in an inclusive education: manifestation of the international child development programme (ICDP) 全纳教育中的积极互动:国际儿童发展计划的表现
IF 0.7 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2016-04-06 DOI: 10.17853/1994-5639-2016-3-156-176
Farid Suleymanov
Abstract . Kind relation between a child and caregiver (parent, teacher) is a critically vital point for psychological development of children. Better relations also contribute to the child’s healthy growth and intellectual, social and emotional development. Fundamental caregiving skills function as particularly important contribution to the quality and effectiveness all caregiving. In order to facilitate full development of a child, it is important that the caregiver have a positive conception of the child. In other words, a caregiver should regard a child as a person with potential for development. From this perspective International Child Development Programme (ICDP) functions as a resource-based communication and mediation approach which trains caregiver to develop a positive conception of their children and gain wider and deeper insight and confidence about their responsibilities and roles. Based on the themes of ICDP, the current research studied the quality of positive interaction between teacher assistants (TA) and children with special needs (CSN) in an inclusive primary education in Azerbaijan. The findings suggest that some elements of ICDP approach exist in teacher-student interaction. However, these interaction patterns are unprofessional and need development through relevant in-service trainings.  Methods . In this research a case study design of qualitative research was used to investigate teacher assistants’ (TA) understanding of positive attitude and how they establish positive relations with the students with special needs whom they take care of. As for the research method, the case study will adopt triangulation, a multiple methods of data collection which will include interview and observation to extend confidence in its validity and improve the quality of the data and accuracy of the findings.  Results . Comparative analyses of triangulation data demonstrate that TAs’ performance within the context of teacher-student positive interaction lags behind their conception of positive interaction patterns. That is to say, TAs spoke confidently, although unprofessionally, of the elements of positive interactions but did not demonstrate the same fully in their behavior. As observation data signified, the main reason of this, is that TAs lack professional techniques and skills for establishing positive interaction patterns.  Scientific novelty and practical significance. Scientific novelty of the study indicates that positive interaction between teachers and pupils appears as an important factor in terms of emotional and cognitive health of children. The current study underlined once more the lack of some important features of professionalism in the teaching activity of the participants involved in the research. Moreover, the result of the research signifies that ICDP themes do not manifest fully in teaching process which was the target of this research and neither in the teaching practices carried out based on traditional and conserva
摘要儿童与照顾者(父母、老师)之间的友好关系对儿童的心理发展至关重要。良好的关系也有助于孩子的健康成长以及智力、社交和情感的发展。基本照护技能对所有照护的质量和效果起着特别重要的作用。为了促进儿童的全面发展,照料者对儿童有一个积极的概念是很重要的。换句话说,照顾者应该把孩子视为一个有发展潜力的人。从这个角度来看,国际儿童发展计划(ICDP)是一种以资源为基础的沟通和调解方法,它训练照顾者对他们的孩子形成积极的观念,并对他们的责任和角色获得更广泛和更深入的见解和信心。基于ICDP的主题,目前的研究研究了阿塞拜疆包容性小学教育中教师助理(TA)与特殊需要儿童(CSN)之间积极互动的质量。研究结果表明,ICDP方法的一些要素存在于师生互动中。然而,这些互动模式是不专业的,需要通过相关的在职培训来发展。方法。本研究采用质性研究的个案研究设计,探讨助教对积极态度的理解,以及他们如何与所照顾的特殊需要学生建立积极的关系。在研究方法上,案例研究将采用三角测量法,这是一种多种数据收集方法,包括访谈和观察,以增加对其有效性的信心,提高数据的质量和研究结果的准确性。结果。三角数据的对比分析表明,助教在师生积极互动情境下的表现落后于他们对积极互动模式的理解。也就是说,助教们自信地(尽管不专业地)谈到了积极互动的要素,但并没有在他们的行为中充分表现出来。正如观察数据所表明的那样,造成这种情况的主要原因是助教缺乏建立积极互动模式的专业技术和技能。具有科学新颖性和现实意义。本研究的科学新颖性表明,师生之间的积极互动对儿童的情感和认知健康起着重要的作用。目前的研究再次强调了参与研究的参与者在教学活动中缺乏专业精神的一些重要特征。此外,研究结果表明,ICDP主题并没有充分体现在本研究的目标教学过程中,也没有体现在基于传统和保守的教学策略进行的教学实践中,因此需要将其纳入相关培训中。
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Obrazovanie i Nauka-Education and Science
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