Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.1332/204986021x16623675816737
S. Lucas, Kellie Thompson, Tracy L. Ramsey
For over ten years now, social work and youth and community students from a university in England have travelled to Palestine to be hosted by families and conduct a study tour of the West Bank. They have visited governors in the West Bank, community centres, camp committees, art centres, social work agencies, museums and faith and political heritage sites across the West Bank and Jerusalem. This article reports on the reciprocity between host families and university staff in addressing student learning for social justice in a community that seeks international recognition and action in respect of the injustices of an illegal occupation. We argue that the goals of the host community in respect of extending their voice and reaching a constituency beyond their borders are compatible with experiential learning goals for students in developing political and cultural awareness through engaging with community experiences of responses to social injustice.
{"title":"Relationships and reciprocity in learning: a Palestine field trip for social work and youth and community students","authors":"S. Lucas, Kellie Thompson, Tracy L. Ramsey","doi":"10.1332/204986021x16623675816737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/204986021x16623675816737","url":null,"abstract":"For over ten years now, social work and youth and community students from a university in England have travelled to Palestine to be hosted by families and conduct a study tour of the West Bank. They have visited governors in the West Bank, community centres, camp committees, art centres, social work agencies, museums and faith and political heritage sites across the West Bank and Jerusalem. This article reports on the reciprocity between host families and university staff in addressing student learning for social justice in a community that seeks international recognition and action in respect of the injustices of an illegal occupation. We argue that the goals of the host community in respect of extending their voice and reaching a constituency beyond their borders are compatible with experiential learning goals for students in developing political and cultural awareness through engaging with community experiences of responses to social injustice.","PeriodicalId":44175,"journal":{"name":"Critical and Radical Social Work","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76226530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.1332/204986021x16626426254068
Dom Hunter, L. Wroe
Social work internationally is currently subject to debate. Some call for the abolition of social work, detailing legacies of harm, inadequate practices and theoretical limitations. Central to abolitionist thought is the tradition of community work to build alternative futures in the present, an area currently receiving less attention. This article adopts an auto-ethnographic method, drawing on the authors’ experiences of social work in the UK – in childhood and as a professional career, respectively – to consider the limitations of social work responses to childhood harm, alongside existing community harm-reduction practices. Four themes are identified that capture the limitations of social work intervention, as well as acts of community care and resistance. These are: the extent of engagement with context and community knowledge; resources for caring; legacies of harm; and the role of social work in relation to community harm-reduction work. Implications for research methods and social work practice are discussed.
{"title":"‘Already doing the work’: social work, abolition and building the future from the present","authors":"Dom Hunter, L. Wroe","doi":"10.1332/204986021x16626426254068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/204986021x16626426254068","url":null,"abstract":"Social work internationally is currently subject to debate. Some call for the abolition of social work, detailing legacies of harm, inadequate practices and theoretical limitations. Central to abolitionist thought is the tradition of community work to build alternative futures in the present, an area currently receiving less attention. This article adopts an auto-ethnographic method, drawing on the authors’ experiences of social work in the UK – in childhood and as a professional career, respectively – to consider the limitations of social work responses to childhood harm, alongside existing community harm-reduction practices. Four themes are identified that capture the limitations of social work intervention, as well as acts of community care and resistance. These are: the extent of engagement with context and community knowledge; resources for caring; legacies of harm; and the role of social work in relation to community harm-reduction work. Implications for research methods and social work practice are discussed.","PeriodicalId":44175,"journal":{"name":"Critical and Radical Social Work","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83467240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Castillo, Brad Lundahl, Kristina Moleni, Laurie Blackman
To achieve a more just universe, the momentum and historical forces of racism, sexism, heterosexism, privilege, etc. must be met with equal and opposite forces through policies, structures, and the courageous acts and voices of many. Dr. King’s claim that “the moral universe bends toward justice” is joined with Newton’s Laws of Motion where arcs only bend through external forces. Bending the arc necessitates a large membership, including social workers. Membership in a group confers advantages while simultaneously ushering in implicit biases against those outside of the group ultimately disadvantaging both groups. Educating tomorrow’s social workers necessarily involves ingroup and outgroup membership, instructors and students. We argue well-meaning social work educators often act against Social Work’s mission of producing a cadre of individuals who will pull the arc toward social and economic justice. Students in social work programs, eager to pull on the moral arc, are often criticized for being inexperienced and not further along in their “woke” development. Criticism may discourage students, thereby losing needed ingroup members. Students are canceled. Algebra, evolutionary theory, and cognitive development theories provide guidelines for unifying social work educators and students to promote Dr. King’s vision.
{"title":"Op-Ed: Failing to Bend the Arc of the Moral Universe? Dr. King, Newton, Piaget, and Social Work","authors":"J. Castillo, Brad Lundahl, Kristina Moleni, Laurie Blackman","doi":"10.22329/csw.v23i1.7590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22329/csw.v23i1.7590","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve a more just universe, the momentum and historical forces of racism, sexism, heterosexism, privilege, etc. must be met with equal and opposite forces through policies, structures, and the courageous acts and voices of many. Dr. King’s claim that “the moral universe bends toward justice” is joined with Newton’s Laws of Motion where arcs only bend through external forces. Bending the arc necessitates a large membership, including social workers. Membership in a group confers advantages while simultaneously ushering in implicit biases against those outside of the group ultimately disadvantaging both groups. Educating tomorrow’s social workers necessarily involves ingroup and outgroup membership, instructors and students. We argue well-meaning social work educators often act against Social Work’s mission of producing a cadre of individuals who will pull the arc toward social and economic justice. Students in social work programs, eager to pull on the moral arc, are often criticized for being inexperienced and not further along in their “woke” development. Criticism may discourage students, thereby losing needed ingroup members. Students are canceled. Algebra, evolutionary theory, and cognitive development theories provide guidelines for unifying social work educators and students to promote Dr. King’s vision.","PeriodicalId":44175,"journal":{"name":"Critical and Radical Social Work","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80954157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present historical juncture, characterized by overuse of the word “intersectionality” and underappreciation for its historical evolution and intention, warrants not only clarification of intersectionality as a concept, but thoroughgoing reconsideration of its contemporary utility and limitations. This is precisely the task undertaken in this article. Upon close scrutiny, extant theories of intersectionality fall upon a continuum ranging from falsity to negativity, the former indicating misrepresentation of identity through reliance on categories, the latter suggesting deconstruction to the point of making translation into practice difficult or impossible. Neither theoretical extreme of this continuum, nor any point in between, advances the intended mission of racial justice without also creating new problems or inflicting collateral social damage. This necessitates a theoretical and practical push beyond intersectionality toward a new project of radical racial pragmatism in social work praxis. Radical racial pragmatism offers a platform from which to begin a campaign for racial justice that avoids the obstacles of falsity and negativity by adhering to a program centering upon provisional racial relationality, epistemological and moral pluralism, and participatory, interracial democracy. The liberatory and transformative aspiration that guides but ultimately eludes intersectional theorization is thus restored by radical racial pragmatism in social work praxis.
{"title":"Reconsidering Intersectionality: Falsity, Negativity, and Radical Racial Pragmatism in Social Work Praxis","authors":"Joshua R. Gregory","doi":"10.22329/csw.v23i1.7587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22329/csw.v23i1.7587","url":null,"abstract":"The present historical juncture, characterized by overuse of the word “intersectionality” and underappreciation for its historical evolution and intention, warrants not only clarification of intersectionality as a concept, but thoroughgoing reconsideration of its contemporary utility and limitations. This is precisely the task undertaken in this article. Upon close scrutiny, extant theories of intersectionality fall upon a continuum ranging from falsity to negativity, the former indicating misrepresentation of identity through reliance on categories, the latter suggesting deconstruction to the point of making translation into practice difficult or impossible. Neither theoretical extreme of this continuum, nor any point in between, advances the intended mission of racial justice without also creating new problems or inflicting collateral social damage. This necessitates a theoretical and practical push beyond intersectionality toward a new project of radical racial pragmatism in social work praxis. Radical racial pragmatism offers a platform from which to begin a campaign for racial justice that avoids the obstacles of falsity and negativity by adhering to a program centering upon provisional racial relationality, epistemological and moral pluralism, and participatory, interracial democracy. The liberatory and transformative aspiration that guides but ultimately eludes intersectional theorization is thus restored by radical racial pragmatism in social work praxis.","PeriodicalId":44175,"journal":{"name":"Critical and Radical Social Work","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84725158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The recovery concept informs research, policies, and practices related to mental health and substance use in Canada, which has consequences for people with substance use issues in rural areas. Although recovery is espoused as a personal journey with no “right” approach, dominant representations of recovery permeate public and private minds to (re)produce an ideal presumably urban-centered recovery, which may stigmatize people in rural communities. This qualitative, exploratory study draws on Foucauldian and intersectionality principles to examine power relations embedded in recovery discourse. A critical discourse analysis (CDA) using van Dijk’s Sociocognitive Approach (SCA) is applied to 40 semi-structured interviews with people who experience substance use issues in rural Ontario. Findings indicate that although dominant assumptions of substance use recovery are reinforced by people with lived experience in rural spaces, they are also rejected and resisted in ways that expose oppression, counter dominance, and promote more equitable alternatives.
{"title":"Resisting Recovery Rhetoric: A Critical Discourse Analysis and Counter Perspectives from People With Substance Use Issues in Rural Ontario","authors":"S. McNeil","doi":"10.22329/csw.v23i1.7589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22329/csw.v23i1.7589","url":null,"abstract":"The recovery concept informs research, policies, and practices related to mental health and substance use in Canada, which has consequences for people with substance use issues in rural areas. Although recovery is espoused as a personal journey with no “right” approach, dominant representations of recovery permeate public and private minds to (re)produce an ideal presumably urban-centered recovery, which may stigmatize people in rural communities. This qualitative, exploratory study draws on Foucauldian and intersectionality principles to examine power relations embedded in recovery discourse. A critical discourse analysis (CDA) using van Dijk’s Sociocognitive Approach (SCA) is applied to 40 semi-structured interviews with people who experience substance use issues in rural Ontario. Findings indicate that although dominant assumptions of substance use recovery are reinforced by people with lived experience in rural spaces, they are also rejected and resisted in ways that expose oppression, counter dominance, and promote more equitable alternatives.","PeriodicalId":44175,"journal":{"name":"Critical and Radical Social Work","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77621488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-22DOI: 10.1332/204986021x16611660074271
Fatima Uygun
Fatima Uygun works with the Govanhill Baths Community Trust, a Glasgow-based organisation that has been at the heart of some of the most effective community campaigns in Scotland over more than two decades. On behalf of Critical and Radical Social Work, Iain Ferguson interviewed Fatima about the trust’s activities and what she sees as the essence of good community work practice.
法蒂玛·维贡(Fatima Uygun)就职于戈文希尔浴场社区信托基金(Govanhill Baths Community Trust)，这是一家总部位于格拉斯哥的组织，在过去20多年里，它一直是苏格兰一些最有效的社区活动的核心。Iain Ferguson代表Critical and Radical Social Work采访了Fatima关于信托的活动以及她所认为的良好社区工作实践的本质。
{"title":"Ours! Activist-driven community work: the story of Govanhill Baths – an interview with Fatima Uygun","authors":"Fatima Uygun","doi":"10.1332/204986021x16611660074271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/204986021x16611660074271","url":null,"abstract":"Fatima Uygun works with the Govanhill Baths Community Trust, a Glasgow-based organisation that has been at the heart of some of the most effective community campaigns in Scotland over more than two decades. On behalf of Critical and Radical Social Work, Iain Ferguson interviewed Fatima about the trust’s activities and what she sees as the essence of good community work practice.","PeriodicalId":44175,"journal":{"name":"Critical and Radical Social Work","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86948858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although child policy advocates support and protect children’s rights, research evidence does not indicate that these professionals and organizations have addressed embedded racial disparity and disproportionality in the child welfare system that renders children vulnerable in the first place. This article argues that adopting anti-racism is essential to child advocates committed to dismantling racist structures at the core of child welfare. Anti-racism enables child policy advocates to scrutinize and dismember the Eurocentric structures, biases, and practices that keep Black and Brown children and families entangled in the child welfare system. We provide background on child welfare and child policy advocacy. Next, we offer intentional anti-racist strategies for child policy advocates to disrupt the child welfare system. We conclude with recommendations for anti-racist practices to eliminate racial disparity and disproportionality in the child welfare system.
{"title":"Advancing Anti-Racism in Child Policy Advocacy","authors":"Nikki Jones, Lacey McNary, Rashaad Abdur-Rahman","doi":"10.22329/csw.v23i1.7588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22329/csw.v23i1.7588","url":null,"abstract":"Although child policy advocates support and protect children’s rights, research evidence does not indicate that these professionals and organizations have addressed embedded racial disparity and disproportionality in the child welfare system that renders children vulnerable in the first place. This article argues that adopting anti-racism is essential to child advocates committed to dismantling racist structures at the core of child welfare. Anti-racism enables child policy advocates to scrutinize and dismember the Eurocentric structures, biases, and practices that keep Black and Brown children and families entangled in the child welfare system. We provide background on child welfare and child policy advocacy. Next, we offer intentional anti-racist strategies for child policy advocates to disrupt the child welfare system. We conclude with recommendations for anti-racist practices to eliminate racial disparity and disproportionality in the child welfare system.","PeriodicalId":44175,"journal":{"name":"Critical and Radical Social Work","volume":"223 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74185494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antonio Garcia, S. Barnhart, Natalie Pope, K. Showalter, Alma Ouanesisouk Trinadad
Despite ethical responsibilities to dismantle systems of oppression, White supremacy ideologies and practices are still inundated in social work academe to the detriment of Black, Indigenous, Latino, and Persons of Color (BILPOC) communities and faculty dedicated to teaching the next generation of critical scholars, activists, and clinicians. Four themes are introduced to exemplify how the academy remains overpowered by the need to sustain the status quo of White power. In the first theme, social work’s long-standing history of omitting BILPOC experiences in curricula is discussed. The second theme characterizes social work’s legacy of omission via inaction to address unjust governmental practices at the U.S. Southern border, thereby perpetuating the cycle of White power. Cementing these positions, we shift the discussion to the inherent pressures within the academy that prizes productivity above all else, perpetuating the culture of White supremacy. In turn, spaces to engage in creative thinking and teaching to dismantle systems of oppressions are limited. Lastly, we discuss the increasing pressure to produce “eurocentric” rigorous scientific knowledge takes precedence at a time when we must place equity and fairness on equal footing. For each of these four themes, we offer suggestions for how to create spaces for racial reconciliation, healing, and equality.
{"title":"If Not Now, When? A Call to End Social Work’s Tolerance of White Supremacy in the Academy","authors":"Antonio Garcia, S. Barnhart, Natalie Pope, K. Showalter, Alma Ouanesisouk Trinadad","doi":"10.22329/csw.v23i1.7586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22329/csw.v23i1.7586","url":null,"abstract":"Despite ethical responsibilities to dismantle systems of oppression, White supremacy ideologies and practices are still inundated in social work academe to the detriment of Black, Indigenous, Latino, and Persons of Color (BILPOC) communities and faculty dedicated to teaching the next generation of critical scholars, activists, and clinicians. Four themes are introduced to exemplify how the academy remains overpowered by the need to sustain the status quo of White power. In the first theme, social work’s long-standing history of omitting BILPOC experiences in curricula is discussed. The second theme characterizes social work’s legacy of omission via inaction to address unjust governmental practices at the U.S. Southern border, thereby perpetuating the cycle of White power. Cementing these positions, we shift the discussion to the inherent pressures within the academy that prizes productivity above all else, perpetuating the culture of White supremacy. In turn, spaces to engage in creative thinking and teaching to dismantle systems of oppressions are limited. Lastly, we discuss the increasing pressure to produce “eurocentric” rigorous scientific knowledge takes precedence at a time when we must place equity and fairness on equal footing. For each of these four themes, we offer suggestions for how to create spaces for racial reconciliation, healing, and equality.","PeriodicalId":44175,"journal":{"name":"Critical and Radical Social Work","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90556098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-13DOI: 10.1332/204986021x16608210114639
Lefkothea Rizopoulou
According to Eurostat (2021), Greece received 13,995 asylum applications from unaccompanied minors between 2015 and 2020, with non-governmental organisations (NGOs) overseeing the management of these migrations. Child protection services are concurrently being run by some NGOs, with social workers acting as the main point of reference for unaccompanied minors. The working conditions that such professionals face, when taken alongside anti-immigration and neoliberal policies, tend to alienate both the professionals and the ethical and value base of the profession. In this article, I will give a short overview of my personal experience as a social worker in an accommodation shelter for unaccompanied asylum-seeking minors in Greece. I will give examples from my everyday working life that are confronted by critical/ radical social work, followed by personal critical thoughts and questions aimed at deconstructing the rooted tendencies that lead professionals to distance their work from minors.
{"title":"Social work in shelters for unaccompanied asylum-seeking minors: challenging the traditional model of social work and the call for critical and political reflexivity","authors":"Lefkothea Rizopoulou","doi":"10.1332/204986021x16608210114639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/204986021x16608210114639","url":null,"abstract":"According to Eurostat (2021), Greece received 13,995 asylum applications from unaccompanied minors between 2015 and 2020, with non-governmental organisations (NGOs) overseeing the management of these migrations. Child protection services are concurrently being run by some NGOs, with social workers acting as the main point of reference for unaccompanied minors. The working conditions that such professionals face, when taken alongside anti-immigration and neoliberal policies, tend to alienate both the professionals and the ethical and value base of the profession. In this article, I will give a short overview of my personal experience as a social worker in an accommodation shelter for unaccompanied asylum-seeking minors in Greece. I will give examples from my everyday working life that are confronted by critical/ radical social work, followed by personal critical thoughts and questions aimed at deconstructing the rooted tendencies that lead professionals to distance their work from minors.","PeriodicalId":44175,"journal":{"name":"Critical and Radical Social Work","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77073603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-13DOI: 10.1332/204986021x16608280244818
M. Lavalette, L. Beddoe, G. Horgan, V. Sewpaul
This paper draws together the work of three leading social work academics to look at the question of abortion and a woman’s right to chose in the context of the recent Roe V Wade reversal in the United States.
{"title":"Abortion rights and Roe v Wade: implications for social work – voices from the social work academy","authors":"M. Lavalette, L. Beddoe, G. Horgan, V. Sewpaul","doi":"10.1332/204986021x16608280244818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/204986021x16608280244818","url":null,"abstract":"This paper draws together the work of three leading social work academics to look at the question of abortion and a woman’s right to chose in the context of the recent Roe V Wade reversal in the United States.","PeriodicalId":44175,"journal":{"name":"Critical and Radical Social Work","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85750516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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