Pub Date : 2022-07-12DOI: 10.1108/jcefts-08-2021-0046
Amina Buallay, L. Alhalwachi
Purpose This study aims to examine the relationship between board gender diversity and environmental disclosure (ED) in the banking sector. Design/methodology/approach Data pooled from Bloomberg database on 2,116 banks from the period of 2007 to 2016 ends up with 7,951 observations. Panel regression model that include random effects was used to test study hypothesis. Findings The findings showed that when female board members were between 21% and 50%, it had a significant positive effect on the ED disclosure. Furthermore, the results showed that bank located in non-OPEC countries have better gender diversity in their board and greater ED than non-OPEC countries. Moreover, the results demonstrated that the board diversity and ED are better in banks that are located in countries that ranked 26–50 in oil production. Originality/value Although findings of this research clearly discussed the importance of board diversity in enhancing ED, the results of this study give us a crucial signal as a wake-up call for regulators to start considering women quota on board for higher ED.
{"title":"Board gender diversity and environmental disclosure: evidence from the banking sector","authors":"Amina Buallay, L. Alhalwachi","doi":"10.1108/jcefts-08-2021-0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jcefts-08-2021-0046","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to examine the relationship between board gender diversity and environmental disclosure (ED) in the banking sector.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Data pooled from Bloomberg database on 2,116 banks from the period of 2007 to 2016 ends up with 7,951 observations. Panel regression model that include random effects was used to test study hypothesis.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The findings showed that when female board members were between 21% and 50%, it had a significant positive effect on the ED disclosure. Furthermore, the results showed that bank located in non-OPEC countries have better gender diversity in their board and greater ED than non-OPEC countries. Moreover, the results demonstrated that the board diversity and ED are better in banks that are located in countries that ranked 26–50 in oil production.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000Although findings of this research clearly discussed the importance of board diversity in enhancing ED, the results of this study give us a crucial signal as a wake-up call for regulators to start considering women quota on board for higher ED.\u0000","PeriodicalId":44245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43047885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-11DOI: 10.1108/jcefts-03-2022-0016
S. Edo, O. Nnadozie
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine how macroeconomic performance work with institutional quality influences divestment of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Sub-Saharan Africa, in the short and long run. Design/methodology/approach This paper investigates divestment of FDI in Sub-Saharan Africa, within the period 1980–2020. The investigation is undertaken by first comparing the trend with what is obtained in other economic regions of the world. The factors behind the divestment are subsequently investigated, using the vector error-correction model. Findings In the comparative analysis, Sub-Saharan Africa and other regions are observed to have witnessed sustained divestment in recent years. The estimation results of the model reveal that macroeconomic performance and institutional quality are the predominant drivers behind the divestment. Research limitations/implications The findings, however, do not conform to the neoclassical theory that lays emphasis on investment return as the fundamental factor influencing investment. Long-run structural stability is also established; hence, the results may be considered suitable for predicting future divestment in the region. Practical implications In view of the empirical findings, macroeconomic performance and institutional quality need to be improved to ameliorate FDI divestment in Sub-Saharan Africa. Originality/value There is paucity of research works on divestment of FDI in Sub-Saharan Africa. Again, there is paucity of works on how macroeconomic and institutional conditions work together to influence divestment. This study provides some evidence to bridge the perceived gaps.
{"title":"Macroeconomic and institutional conditions: the drivers behind divestment of FDI in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"S. Edo, O. Nnadozie","doi":"10.1108/jcefts-03-2022-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jcefts-03-2022-0016","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this paper is to determine how macroeconomic performance work with institutional quality influences divestment of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Sub-Saharan Africa, in the short and long run.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This paper investigates divestment of FDI in Sub-Saharan Africa, within the period 1980–2020. The investigation is undertaken by first comparing the trend with what is obtained in other economic regions of the world. The factors behind the divestment are subsequently investigated, using the vector error-correction model.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000In the comparative analysis, Sub-Saharan Africa and other regions are observed to have witnessed sustained divestment in recent years. The estimation results of the model reveal that macroeconomic performance and institutional quality are the predominant drivers behind the divestment.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000The findings, however, do not conform to the neoclassical theory that lays emphasis on investment return as the fundamental factor influencing investment. Long-run structural stability is also established; hence, the results may be considered suitable for predicting future divestment in the region.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000In view of the empirical findings, macroeconomic performance and institutional quality need to be improved to ameliorate FDI divestment in Sub-Saharan Africa.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000There is paucity of research works on divestment of FDI in Sub-Saharan Africa. Again, there is paucity of works on how macroeconomic and institutional conditions work together to influence divestment. This study provides some evidence to bridge the perceived gaps.\u0000","PeriodicalId":44245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49322215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-14DOI: 10.1108/jcefts-08-2021-0047
Safaa Shaaban
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of the Village Saving and Loans Association (VSLA) on sustainable development (SD) and to explore VSLA as an approach that leads to women’s financial empowerment and its impact on SD in Egypt.
Design/methodology/approach
A mixed method was applied for this study, including qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative method includes 50 individual interviews with women in the upper Egypt communities that applied the VSLA approach, the quantitative method, on the other hand, relied on secondary data, such as the outcomes of (knowledge, attitude, and practices [KAP]). The VSLA was applied in the Egyptian Community in 2015–2019, according to KAP study reports presented by international funders.
Findings
This study concludes that this VSLA approach helped many women and families to improve their economic situation and overcome financial hardship, which reflected on rural SD. Furthermore, the concept equipped and empowered women with a needed financial hardship that allowed them to improve their family situation and to participate in the process of developing their communities in a sustainable way. Also, women participated in VSLA leading initiatives and took an active role in rural SD in their community.
Research limitations/implications
The findings only apply to the sample that has participated in the VSLA project implemented by an international donor. A longitudinal quantitative evaluation of the VSLA approach and its impact on SD strategy of Egypt would be recommended in terms of further research study, highlighting the role of VSLA’s impact on achieving the Egyptian sustainable strategy 2030.
Originality/value
This paper is unique in presenting the concept of the VSLA as an intervention and approach for rural SD in the rural community by empowering marginalized women financially. Although this approach has been used by international donors as part of large programs implemented in Egypt and other countries since 1979 aimed at SD in rural areas, there is scarcity in the literature related to this approach.
{"title":"Can village savings and loans association (VSLA) approach achieve/promote rural sustainable development in the Egyptian community?","authors":"Safaa Shaaban","doi":"10.1108/jcefts-08-2021-0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jcefts-08-2021-0047","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of the Village Saving and Loans Association (VSLA) on sustainable development (SD) and to explore VSLA as an approach that leads to women’s financial empowerment and its impact on SD in Egypt.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>A mixed method was applied for this study, including qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative method includes 50 individual interviews with women in the upper Egypt communities that applied the VSLA approach, the quantitative method, on the other hand, relied on secondary data, such as the outcomes of (knowledge, attitude, and practices [KAP]). The VSLA was applied in the Egyptian Community in 2015–2019, according to KAP study reports presented by international funders.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>This study concludes that this VSLA approach helped many women and families to improve their economic situation and overcome financial hardship, which reflected on rural SD. Furthermore, the concept equipped and empowered women with a needed financial hardship that allowed them to improve their family situation and to participate in the process of developing their communities in a sustainable way. Also, women participated in VSLA leading initiatives and took an active role in rural SD in their community.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Research limitations/implications</h3>\u0000<p>The findings only apply to the sample that has participated in the VSLA project implemented by an international donor. A longitudinal quantitative evaluation of the VSLA approach and its impact on SD strategy of Egypt would be recommended in terms of further research study, highlighting the role of VSLA’s impact on achieving the Egyptian sustainable strategy 2030.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>This paper is unique in presenting the concept of the VSLA as an intervention and approach for rural SD in the rural community by empowering marginalized women financially. Although this approach has been used by international donors as part of large programs implemented in Egypt and other countries since 1979 aimed at SD in rural areas, there is scarcity in the literature related to this approach.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":44245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies","volume":"119 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138519505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-27DOI: 10.1108/jcefts-09-2021-0057
Rabi’u Saminu Jibril, M. Isa, Zaharaddeen Salisu Maigoshi
Purpose The study aims to evaluate the impact of corporate board gender on the energy disclosure with moderating effect of institutional strength (global competitiveness index) by the listed firms in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach The study uses a sample of 49 non-financial firms listed on the floor of the Nigerian stock exchange commission for the period of five years (2016–2020). The study uses content analysis techniques to obtain data on environmental disclosure through the use of Global Reporting Initiative standards from the sampled firms. Random and fixed effect regression analyses were run for both direct and moderation models. Based on the results of the Hausman tests, random results were adopted and used in examining the relationship among research variables. Findings The study revealed average energy disclosure by the sampled firms. The overall results of the regression analysis found that board gender diversity is significantly related to energy disclosure. The institutional strength moderation result was found to have an insignificant impact on the relationship between board gender and energy disclosure. Research limitations/implications The study is constrained by not considering all environmentally sensitive firms in the country. Furthermore, the study considered only gender among numerous important board attributes. Hence, other important board attributes should be assessed for better energy disclosure. Future studies should consider data from all sensitive firms and other board attributes. Practical implications Recently, the Nigerian Government mandates all firms to comply with environmental disclosure in Nigeria, this should be used as a way forward to encourage and compel all listed firms to improve their energy disclosure. Social implications With diverse and vibrant women on boards, firms would benefit and gain legitimacy across demographic, ethnic and religious groups in the society. Hence, corporate bodies can effectively contribute toward enhancing the social welfare of various segments of society. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that provides empirical evidence on the effect of board gender attributes on the energy disclosure using institutional strength as a moderator in Nigeria.
{"title":"Corporate board gender, institutional strength and energy disclosure in Nigeria","authors":"Rabi’u Saminu Jibril, M. Isa, Zaharaddeen Salisu Maigoshi","doi":"10.1108/jcefts-09-2021-0057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jcefts-09-2021-0057","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The study aims to evaluate the impact of corporate board gender on the energy disclosure with moderating effect of institutional strength (global competitiveness index) by the listed firms in Nigeria.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The study uses a sample of 49 non-financial firms listed on the floor of the Nigerian stock exchange commission for the period of five years (2016–2020). The study uses content analysis techniques to obtain data on environmental disclosure through the use of Global Reporting Initiative standards from the sampled firms. Random and fixed effect regression analyses were run for both direct and moderation models. Based on the results of the Hausman tests, random results were adopted and used in examining the relationship among research variables.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The study revealed average energy disclosure by the sampled firms. The overall results of the regression analysis found that board gender diversity is significantly related to energy disclosure. The institutional strength moderation result was found to have an insignificant impact on the relationship between board gender and energy disclosure.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000The study is constrained by not considering all environmentally sensitive firms in the country. Furthermore, the study considered only gender among numerous important board attributes. Hence, other important board attributes should be assessed for better energy disclosure. Future studies should consider data from all sensitive firms and other board attributes.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000Recently, the Nigerian Government mandates all firms to comply with environmental disclosure in Nigeria, this should be used as a way forward to encourage and compel all listed firms to improve their energy disclosure.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000With diverse and vibrant women on boards, firms would benefit and gain legitimacy across demographic, ethnic and religious groups in the society. Hence, corporate bodies can effectively contribute toward enhancing the social welfare of various segments of society.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that provides empirical evidence on the effect of board gender attributes on the energy disclosure using institutional strength as a moderator in Nigeria.\u0000","PeriodicalId":44245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43559026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-19DOI: 10.1108/jcefts-09-2021-0058
Bincy M George, R. Kumar, Sudatta Banerjee
Purpose The relationship between women and extreme weather events is a significant issue given differential impact, adaptation strategies and coping mechanisms for genders. However, the women’s vulnerability and its determinants remain an understudied area. The paper aims to fill this important gap in literature by focusing on women’s vulnerability during the recent floods in the rural areas of Indian state of Kerala using primary data. With a focus on identifying the socioeconomic factors associated with women’s vulnerability, this paper also makes policy suggestions to reduce their vulnerability in the face of floods in Kerala where it is becoming a recurrent phenomenon. Design/methodology/approach This study is based on the primary data collected using structured questionnaire answered exclusively by women respondents. Chi-square tests and ordered logistic regression model have been used to analyze the relation between the women’s vulnerability during floods and their socioeconomic determinants. Findings The analysis found that the better availability of credit to women, access to information tools and higher income for women can reduce their vulnerability when a sudden disaster strikes. Originality/value This study is unique as it focuses on rarely studied topic women’s vulnerability in the face of weather-related disaster in the rural setting, understanding their level of vulnerability and then identifying the associates of the same, this paper makes an exceptional contribution to the literature on women and environment in general.
{"title":"Vulnerability of women in the face of climate change: a study of Wayanad district of Kerala, India","authors":"Bincy M George, R. Kumar, Sudatta Banerjee","doi":"10.1108/jcefts-09-2021-0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jcefts-09-2021-0058","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The relationship between women and extreme weather events is a significant issue given differential impact, adaptation strategies and coping mechanisms for genders. However, the women’s vulnerability and its determinants remain an understudied area. The paper aims to fill this important gap in literature by focusing on women’s vulnerability during the recent floods in the rural areas of Indian state of Kerala using primary data. With a focus on identifying the socioeconomic factors associated with women’s vulnerability, this paper also makes policy suggestions to reduce their vulnerability in the face of floods in Kerala where it is becoming a recurrent phenomenon.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study is based on the primary data collected using structured questionnaire answered exclusively by women respondents. Chi-square tests and ordered logistic regression model have been used to analyze the relation between the women’s vulnerability during floods and their socioeconomic determinants.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The analysis found that the better availability of credit to women, access to information tools and higher income for women can reduce their vulnerability when a sudden disaster strikes.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study is unique as it focuses on rarely studied topic women’s vulnerability in the face of weather-related disaster in the rural setting, understanding their level of vulnerability and then identifying the associates of the same, this paper makes an exceptional contribution to the literature on women and environment in general.\u0000","PeriodicalId":44245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44342375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-09DOI: 10.1108/jcefts-10-2021-0061
Yasmin Khodary
Purpose The relationship between women and land is not a mere legal or technical relationship but one that is mediated through socio-cultural norms and notions. Building on the work of Feminism Environmentalism, but moving beyond Agarwal’s materialist system, this paper aims to assess the level of change (if any) in the perceptions and practices of rural communities in Sohag and Assiut toward women’s ownership and inheritance of land post the implementation of some societal initiatives by feminist organizations and what this means for rural development in these communities. In doing this, the paper explores the strengths and weaknesses of these societal initiatives. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses case study approach by focusing on societal initiatives in two Egyptian Governorates. It also follows a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design, whereby quantitative data is first driven by using a survey that assesses the level of change in the societal perceptions and practices toward women’s ownership of agricultural land and its implication for rural development. Quantitative data is then followed by qualitative methods, namely, eight focus group discussions with different societal groups, to have a more in-depth understanding and explanation of the occurring change (if any). Findings The research finds that a positive shift occurred in the societal perceptions and practices with regard to women’s ownership and inheritance of agricultural land as a result of the societal initiatives. This, in turn, had better implications for rural development in terms of improved socio-economic well-being and overall quality of life. This improvement can be traced back to the change in cultural notions and perceptions as a result of four factors: capitalizing on the roles of influential groups, relying on influential activities, targeting men, especially heads of households or elders, and building blocks or partnering with the various relevant entities. Practical implications The misperception of the nature of the women-–environment/land relationship and its confinement to legal solutions undermines the likelihood of improving this relationship and, subsequently, attainment of rural and sustainable development. This study provides some key lessons to improve the women–environment/land relationship and, in turn, enhance the chances for rural and sustainable development through addressing the underlying socio-cultural barriers. Social implications In Egypt, socio-cultural barriers hamper women’s ownership of agricultural land leading to only 5% of agriculture land being owned by women compared to 95% owned by men; a situation that is found in many other countries, such as Kenya, where women perform 70% of the agricultural labor, but possess less than 1% of the agricultural land. Improving women’s access to land, hence, solves a common social problem in Egypt and Africa and enhances gender equality. Originality/value Little work has been done
{"title":"Women, land and rural development in Egypt: a socio-cultural perspective","authors":"Yasmin Khodary","doi":"10.1108/jcefts-10-2021-0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jcefts-10-2021-0061","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The relationship between women and land is not a mere legal or technical relationship but one that is mediated through socio-cultural norms and notions. Building on the work of Feminism Environmentalism, but moving beyond Agarwal’s materialist system, this paper aims to assess the level of change (if any) in the perceptions and practices of rural communities in Sohag and Assiut toward women’s ownership and inheritance of land post the implementation of some societal initiatives by feminist organizations and what this means for rural development in these communities. In doing this, the paper explores the strengths and weaknesses of these societal initiatives.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The paper uses case study approach by focusing on societal initiatives in two Egyptian Governorates. It also follows a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design, whereby quantitative data is first driven by using a survey that assesses the level of change in the societal perceptions and practices toward women’s ownership of agricultural land and its implication for rural development. Quantitative data is then followed by qualitative methods, namely, eight focus group discussions with different societal groups, to have a more in-depth understanding and explanation of the occurring change (if any).\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The research finds that a positive shift occurred in the societal perceptions and practices with regard to women’s ownership and inheritance of agricultural land as a result of the societal initiatives. This, in turn, had better implications for rural development in terms of improved socio-economic well-being and overall quality of life. This improvement can be traced back to the change in cultural notions and perceptions as a result of four factors: capitalizing on the roles of influential groups, relying on influential activities, targeting men, especially heads of households or elders, and building blocks or partnering with the various relevant entities.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000The misperception of the nature of the women-–environment/land relationship and its confinement to legal solutions undermines the likelihood of improving this relationship and, subsequently, attainment of rural and sustainable development. This study provides some key lessons to improve the women–environment/land relationship and, in turn, enhance the chances for rural and sustainable development through addressing the underlying socio-cultural barriers.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000In Egypt, socio-cultural barriers hamper women’s ownership of agricultural land leading to only 5% of agriculture land being owned by women compared to 95% owned by men; a situation that is found in many other countries, such as Kenya, where women perform 70% of the agricultural labor, but possess less than 1% of the agricultural land. Improving women’s access to land, hence, solves a common social problem in Egypt and Africa and enhances gender equality.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000Little work has been done","PeriodicalId":44245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46224483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-29DOI: 10.1108/jcefts-09-2021-0052
Maha Elhini, Y. Mourad
Purpose This paper aims to examine the relationship between knowledge-economy and economic growth in 16 Asia-Pacific (AP) countries during the period 2011–2018. The study also aims to investigate a diversity of knowledge-economy pillars, including tertiary education, domestic innovation, foreign innovation, economic incentives and institutional regime and information and communications technologies (ICTs) and their relation to economic growth. Design/methodology/approach The study applies a comparative empirical analysis using pooled ordinary least squares (OLS), one-step difference generalised methods of moments (GMM) and bias-corrected least-squares dummy variables (LSDVc) estimators to test this relationship. Findings Pooled OLS estimators deemed suboptimal to the panel data under study, while GMM results reveal a significant relationship between tertiary education, domestic and foreign innovation, government expenditure and investments with economic growth. Of these results, domestic innovation, investments and government consumption are positively correlated with economic growth, whereas tertiary education and foreign innovation show a negative relation. Meanwhile, institutions and ICT have insignificant relationships with economic growth. LSDVc results coincide with GMM results with respect to tertiary education, whereas institutions is the only additional significant and negatively correlated variable with economic growth. Research limitations/implications The main limitation of this research lies in the unavailability of proxy data for knowledge economy pillars in monetary terms, and hence, the paper relies on indices. Originality/value The novelty of the study lies in its aim to investigate economic growth in the AP region that is enhanced by domestic innovation, foreign innovation or both – an area which is empirically understudied in the knowledge-economy context. Further, the paper’s novelty lies in its application of a comparative empirical analysis between the most popular dynamic panel estimators – dynamic GMM and bias-corrected LSDVc for AP countries.
{"title":"The relationship between knowledge-based economies and economic growth: an empirical analysis on the Asia-Pacific region 2011–2018","authors":"Maha Elhini, Y. Mourad","doi":"10.1108/jcefts-09-2021-0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jcefts-09-2021-0052","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to examine the relationship between knowledge-economy and economic growth in 16 Asia-Pacific (AP) countries during the period 2011–2018. The study also aims to investigate a diversity of knowledge-economy pillars, including tertiary education, domestic innovation, foreign innovation, economic incentives and institutional regime and information and communications technologies (ICTs) and their relation to economic growth.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The study applies a comparative empirical analysis using pooled ordinary least squares (OLS), one-step difference generalised methods of moments (GMM) and bias-corrected least-squares dummy variables (LSDVc) estimators to test this relationship.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Pooled OLS estimators deemed suboptimal to the panel data under study, while GMM results reveal a significant relationship between tertiary education, domestic and foreign innovation, government expenditure and investments with economic growth. Of these results, domestic innovation, investments and government consumption are positively correlated with economic growth, whereas tertiary education and foreign innovation show a negative relation. Meanwhile, institutions and ICT have insignificant relationships with economic growth. LSDVc results coincide with GMM results with respect to tertiary education, whereas institutions is the only additional significant and negatively correlated variable with economic growth.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000The main limitation of this research lies in the unavailability of proxy data for knowledge economy pillars in monetary terms, and hence, the paper relies on indices.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The novelty of the study lies in its aim to investigate economic growth in the AP region that is enhanced by domestic innovation, foreign innovation or both – an area which is empirically understudied in the knowledge-economy context. Further, the paper’s novelty lies in its application of a comparative empirical analysis between the most popular dynamic panel estimators – dynamic GMM and bias-corrected LSDVc for AP countries.\u0000","PeriodicalId":44245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43157556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-10DOI: 10.1108/jcefts-10-2021-0063
M. Hassan, Zeeshan Mahmood, Saleem Janjua, Numra Asif
Purpose This paper aims to examine the impact of various economic, social and environmental issues on the sustainable development of Pakistan, both directly and indirectly through the sustainability dimensions of China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a multi-billion-dollar megaproject. Design/methodology/approach Using a quantitative (deductive) methodological approach, data were collected using a strategy of an online questionnaire survey from diverse stakeholders of CPEC in Pakistan. Partial least squares-based structural equation modeling technique was used to test the relationship between observed and latent variables. Findings The results confirmed the positive impact of various economic, social and environmental issues on the sustainable development of Pakistan directly and indirectly through the partial mediation of sustainability dimensions of CPEC. Practical implications Sustainability perceptions of stakeholders about CPEC and its relationship with sustainable development are critical issues for governments and policymakers. This paper suggest how economic, social and environmental dimensions of CPEC can enhance the positive perception which is necessary for stakeholder involvement and support for megaprojects such as CPEC. Originality/value This study evaluated the megaprojects of CPEC from a sustainability perspective through stakeholders’ perceptions by proposing and testing a parsimonious research model that has never been examined in the existing literature.
{"title":"Evaluating megaprojects from a sustainability perspective: a case of China-Pakistan economic corridor (CPEC)","authors":"M. Hassan, Zeeshan Mahmood, Saleem Janjua, Numra Asif","doi":"10.1108/jcefts-10-2021-0063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jcefts-10-2021-0063","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to examine the impact of various economic, social and environmental issues on the sustainable development of Pakistan, both directly and indirectly through the sustainability dimensions of China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a multi-billion-dollar megaproject.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Using a quantitative (deductive) methodological approach, data were collected using a strategy of an online questionnaire survey from diverse stakeholders of CPEC in Pakistan. Partial least squares-based structural equation modeling technique was used to test the relationship between observed and latent variables.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The results confirmed the positive impact of various economic, social and environmental issues on the sustainable development of Pakistan directly and indirectly through the partial mediation of sustainability dimensions of CPEC.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000Sustainability perceptions of stakeholders about CPEC and its relationship with sustainable development are critical issues for governments and policymakers. This paper suggest how economic, social and environmental dimensions of CPEC can enhance the positive perception which is necessary for stakeholder involvement and support for megaprojects such as CPEC.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study evaluated the megaprojects of CPEC from a sustainability perspective through stakeholders’ perceptions by proposing and testing a parsimonious research model that has never been examined in the existing literature.\u0000","PeriodicalId":44245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48084523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1108/jcefts-07-2021-0038
Syed Tehseen Jawaid, Lubna Khan, Imtiaz Arif
Purpose Despite the reasonable surge of remittances and imports in Pakistan, very less attention has been given to this area. To bridge the gap, this study aims to explore the relationship of worker’s remittances and imports of Pakistan at both aggregate and disaggregate levels. Also, this research focuses on investigating whether remitted income substitute or complement imports of the country. Design/methodology/approach To achieve these goals, the authors use annual time-series data from 1974–2016. Findings Empirical findings obtained from the autoregressive distributed lag model method suggest that remittances substitute imports in Pakistan. It is also found that remittances not only substitute aggregate imports but also act as a substitute at different disaggregated levels. Further, it is documented that higher economic growth increases imports, whereas the real exchange rate for imports is inversely related to imports at both levels. Originality/value These empirical findings also draw some substantive policy implications for the state owners and policy advisers.
{"title":"Are remittances and imports substitute or complement in developing country? A disaggregated evidence","authors":"Syed Tehseen Jawaid, Lubna Khan, Imtiaz Arif","doi":"10.1108/jcefts-07-2021-0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jcefts-07-2021-0038","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Despite the reasonable surge of remittances and imports in Pakistan, very less attention has been given to this area. To bridge the gap, this study aims to explore the relationship of worker’s remittances and imports of Pakistan at both aggregate and disaggregate levels. Also, this research focuses on investigating whether remitted income substitute or complement imports of the country.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000To achieve these goals, the authors use annual time-series data from 1974–2016.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Empirical findings obtained from the autoregressive distributed lag model method suggest that remittances substitute imports in Pakistan. It is also found that remittances not only substitute aggregate imports but also act as a substitute at different disaggregated levels. Further, it is documented that higher economic growth increases imports, whereas the real exchange rate for imports is inversely related to imports at both levels.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000These empirical findings also draw some substantive policy implications for the state owners and policy advisers.\u0000","PeriodicalId":44245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49346278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.1108/jcefts-09-2021-0060
H. Sileem, Iman Al-Ayouty
Purpose This paper aims to explore the ecological efficiency through assessing the relation of the “carbon intensity of well-being” (CIWB) to gender equality, gross domestic product (GDP)/capita, the urban intensity of the population, the age structure of the population, foreign direct investment as a percentage of GDP and manufacturing as a percentage of GDP. Design/methodology/approach CIWB equation is estimated for a panel of 18 MENA economies and Turkey over the period 1995–2018 using the two-way fixed effects Prais–Winsten regression with panel-corrected standard errors. Findings The elasticity coefficients obtained from the estimated models indicated mixed effects on CIWB. While the increase of female educational attainment, accompanied with an increase in the female labor force participation rate, reduce CIWB, the younger female population and the younger population, in general, increase CIWB. Furthermore, while increasing FDI inflows reduces CIWB, increasing the manufacturing share of GDP increases CIWB. Originality/value The pursuit of Sustainable Development Goals worldwide has moved the relevant literature on climate change mitigation and adaptation measures to a new level, where using the CIWB method is increasingly used to reflect carbon dioxide emissions per capita unit of expected lifespan. The present paper’s contribution to the literature is two-fold: one is computing and estimating the CIWB to examine ecological efficiency for the middle east and north africa (MENA) economies and Turkey over the period of study; and two is integrating and validating the beneficial impacts of integrating the gender equality dimension in the CIWB–climate change literature.
{"title":"The effect of gender equality on the carbon intensity of well-being: panel data analysis for the MENA economies 1995-2018","authors":"H. Sileem, Iman Al-Ayouty","doi":"10.1108/jcefts-09-2021-0060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jcefts-09-2021-0060","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to explore the ecological efficiency through assessing the relation of the “carbon intensity of well-being” (CIWB) to gender equality, gross domestic product (GDP)/capita, the urban intensity of the population, the age structure of the population, foreign direct investment as a percentage of GDP and manufacturing as a percentage of GDP.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000CIWB equation is estimated for a panel of 18 MENA economies and Turkey over the period 1995–2018 using the two-way fixed effects Prais–Winsten regression with panel-corrected standard errors.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The elasticity coefficients obtained from the estimated models indicated mixed effects on CIWB. While the increase of female educational attainment, accompanied with an increase in the female labor force participation rate, reduce CIWB, the younger female population and the younger population, in general, increase CIWB. Furthermore, while increasing FDI inflows reduces CIWB, increasing the manufacturing share of GDP increases CIWB.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The pursuit of Sustainable Development Goals worldwide has moved the relevant literature on climate change mitigation and adaptation measures to a new level, where using the CIWB method is increasingly used to reflect carbon dioxide emissions per capita unit of expected lifespan. The present paper’s contribution to the literature is two-fold: one is computing and estimating the CIWB to examine ecological efficiency for the middle east and north africa (MENA) economies and Turkey over the period of study; and two is integrating and validating the beneficial impacts of integrating the gender equality dimension in the CIWB–climate change literature.\u0000","PeriodicalId":44245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45906087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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