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Ensamblajes peatonales: Los andares a ciegas como prácticas tecno-sensoriales 行人组装:作为技术感官实践的盲板
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.11156/aibr.160108
Marcos Cereceda Otárola, Tomás Sánchez Criado
How do blind people walk and cross the streets? This has been the guiding question, only simple at first glance, of our ethnographic study at the crossroads of Sensory Anthropology and Science and Technology Studies (STS), undertaken in the last six years in the city of Barcelona. In it we have followed different activists for the rights of people with “visual diversity” in their everyday urban displacements, and in their politicizations of urban infrastructures. Paying attention to the multiple and distributed agency that equips and dis/ables modes of moving about in the city, this question allows a description of the embodied, social, material and technical complexity that this mundane act entails. Our inquiry foregrounds two main elements: (a) the description of the sensory practices unfolded in blind walks; and (b) the description and close examination of the role played by non-human actors — animals and technologies — which constitute the “equipment” to walk as a blind person. Deepening urban anthropology’s material and embodied turn to the understanding of the circumstances of pedestrians, the present work wishes to highlight the relevance of considering pedestrian assemblages and the techno-sensory practices enabling particular types of displacements. A description around assemblages allows us to unfold a description of the city not as a place for the indifferent encounter of abled subjects, but as a complex ecology of supports and accompaniments to host bodily diversity.
盲人如何行走和过马路?这是我们在感觉人类学和科学技术研究(STS)的交叉路口进行的民族志研究的指导问题,乍一看很简单,这是过去六年在巴塞罗那市进行的。在这本书中,我们跟随了不同的活动家,他们在日常的城市流离失所中为“视觉多样性”的人争取权利,在他们将城市基础设施政治化的过程中。关注在城市中移动模式的多重和分布式代理,这个问题允许描述这种世俗行为所带来的具体的、社会的、物质的和技术的复杂性。我们的研究突出了两个主要因素:(a)对盲人行走中展开的感官实践的描述;(b)描述和仔细检查非人类演员——动物和技术——所扮演的角色,它们构成了盲人行走的“设备”。深化城市人类学的材料和具体化转向对行人环境的理解,本作品希望强调考虑行人组合和技术感官实践的相关性,从而实现特定类型的位移。围绕集合的描述使我们能够展开对城市的描述,而不是作为残疾主体冷漠相遇的地方,而是作为一个支持和陪伴宿主身体多样性的复杂生态。
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引用次数: 0
The Art of Ethnography in Troubled Times 动乱时期的民族志艺术
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.11156/aibr.160102e
P. Stoller
Many of our longstanding set of methods and denotative conventions of representation are no longer in harmony with the state of contemporary social, political, environmental and economic dysfunction. How can we create a representation that goes beyond the academic communication in a troubled world? How can we create “stories”, which work as the glue that holds people together, in order to connect with them? This is the basic question in the Art of Ethnography, an idea that begins with Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s, in his essay Eye and Mind. This piece suggests that the work of art is a pathway to an embodied enlightenment that can enable us to practice what Michael Jackson has called “the art of life”. It is the result of several aspects. For example, space and place, which are alive with memory, or dialogue, which is a window into personality of the characters, since it defines the people we study and makes them particular. This is a moment of troubled times, but also a moment of adaptation to our modes of representation, and an opportunity to develop the Art of Ethnography.
我们长期以来的许多方法和代表性的外延惯例不再与当代社会、政治、环境和经济功能失调的状态相协调。在纷乱的世界中,我们如何创造一种超越学术交流的表现?我们怎样才能创造“故事”,把人们粘合在一起,从而与他们建立联系?这是《民族志的艺术》中的基本问题,这个想法始于莫里斯·梅洛-庞蒂(Maurice merlo - ponty)的论文《眼睛与心灵》(Eye and Mind)。这件作品表明,艺术作品是通往具体化启蒙的途径,它可以使我们实践迈克尔·杰克逊所说的“生活的艺术”。这是几个方面的结果。例如,空间和地点,这是鲜活的记忆,或对话,这是一个窗口,了解人物的个性,因为它定义了我们研究的人,使他们与众不同。这是一个混乱的时刻,但也是一个适应我们的表现模式的时刻,也是一个发展民族志艺术的机会。
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引用次数: 0
Los Círculos de Ánima en países iberoamericanos: Antropología de la muerte en el siglo XXI 伊比利亚-美洲国家的灵魂圈:21世纪的死亡人类学
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.11156/aibr.160105
Sara Pastor-Talboom
After a brief theoretical presentation on the studies on spirituality from the anthropology, our object of investigation is introduced: the Circles of Anima. These Circles are the rituals of the Anima Network, one of the networks of a non-profit group that began in 2009 in Barcelona, Spain, and that has spread to several Iberoamerican countries. The Circles of Anima are named after the group of people who, sitting in a circular way, meet to help the souls in transit, that is, people who, after their death, have not gone to the Light. Approached this research from the subdiscipline of the anthropology of death, the contributions of Louis-Vincent Thomas and Louis Dumont are presented. His dichotomous vision of societies (holistic and individualistic) serves as a paradigm of interpretation. The Circles of Anima represent a cultural manifestation of life-death that partially reaffirms the dichotomy, and partly subverts it. For this, three of its components are analyzed in this article: its development in postmodernity cities, its individualism and, thirdly, the high percentage of women both in the coordination of the group and in the realization of the rituals.
在对人类学的精神性研究作了简要的理论介绍之后,介绍了我们的研究对象:动物的轮回。这些圈子是动物网络(Anima Network)的仪式。动物网络是一家非营利组织的网络之一,于2009年在西班牙巴塞罗那成立,并已扩展到几个伊比利亚美洲国家。阿尼玛之圈是以一群人的名字命名的,他们以一种圆形的方式坐着,聚集在一起帮助过境中的灵魂,也就是说,那些在他们死后还没有去到光的人。从死亡人类学的分支学科来看待这一研究,介绍了路易斯-文森特·托马斯和路易斯·杜蒙的贡献。他对社会的两分法(整体主义和个人主义)是一种解释范式。阿尼玛的圆圈代表了一种生与死的文化表现,它部分地重申了二分法,部分地颠覆了二分法。为此,本文分析了它的三个组成部分:它在后现代性城市中的发展,它的个人主义,第三,在群体协调和仪式实现中女性的高比例。
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引用次数: 0
Buen vivir entre las familias indígenas totonacas del municipio de Huehuetla, Puebla-México 普埃布拉-墨西哥韦韦特拉市托托纳克土著家庭的美好生活
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.11156/aibr.160106
Mauricio Torres-Solís, B. Ramírez-Valverde, J. P. Juárez-Sánchez, Daniel Claudio Martínez Carrera, Mario Aliphat Fernández, Manuel Roberto Parra Vázquez
The work revalues the idea of a way of life within the community, called Tapaxuwan Latamat or Life in Happiness, by the Totonaca of Huehuetla, where the zest for the existence is born from serving and working in and for the community, celebrating with it, the principles and forces that dwell in the natural world. Tapaxuwan Latamat, as a contribution of the Totonaca from Huehuetla, joins the multitude of concrete Amerindian initiatives that seek the cognitive, ethnic and existential regeneration needed to build a more equitable and plural society.
该作品重新评价了社区生活方式的理念,被称为Tapaxuwan Latamat或幸福生活,由Huehuetla的托托纳卡人提出,在那里,对存在的热情来自于为社区服务和工作,并与社区一起庆祝,生活在自然世界中的原则和力量。Tapaxuwan Latamat作为来自Huehuetla的托托纳卡人的贡献,加入了众多具体的美洲印第安人倡议,寻求建立一个更公平和多元社会所需的认知、种族和存在的再生。
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引用次数: 0
Vital Diplomacy. The Ritual Everyday on a Dammed River in Amazonia, de Chloe Nahum-Claudel 重要的外交。《亚马逊河水坝上的每日仪式》,克洛伊·纳胡姆-克劳德尔著
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.11156/aibr.160113
Juan Javier Rivera Andía
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引用次数: 0
El arte de la Etnografía en tiempos turbulentos 动荡时期的民族志艺术
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.11156/AIBR.160102
Paul Stoller
espanolMuchos de nuestros metodos clasicos y de las convenciones de representacion han quedado desfasados con la situacion disfuncional social, politica, ambiental y economica de nuestros tiempos. ?Como podemos crear una representacion que vaya mas alla de la comunicacion academica en un mundo turbulento? ?Como podemos crear las «historias», lo que mantiene unida a la gente, para poder conectar con ella? Esta es la pregunta de partida en El arte de la Etnografia, una idea que comienza con el texto Eye and Mind, de Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Este ensayo sugiere que la obra de arte es una manera de alcanzar una forma ilustrada de aquello que Michael Jackson llamo «el arte de la vida». Nos llega a traves de la combinacion de varios aspectos. Por ejemplo, del espacio y el tiempo, que estan vivos en la memoria de las cosas, o el dialogo, que es una ventana a la personalidad de los personajes y les hace ser especiales. Vivimos tiempos turbulentos, pero tambien tiempos de adaptacion en nuestros modos de representacion, y esto supone una oportunidad de desarrollar el arte de la Etnografia. EnglishMany of our longstanding set of methods and denotative conventions of representation are no longer in harmony with the state of contemporary social, political, environmental and economic dysfunction. How can we create a representation that goes beyond the academic communication in a troubled world? How can we create “stories”, which work as the glue that holds people together, in order to connect with them? This is the basic question in the Art of Ethnography, an idea that begins with Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s, in his essay Eye and Mind. This piece suggests that the work of art is a pathway to an embodied enlightenment that can enable us to practice what Michael Jackson has called “the art of life”. It is the result of several aspects. For example, space and place, which are alive with memory, or dialogue, which is a window into personality of the characters, since it defines the people we study and makes them particular. This is a moment of troubled times, but also a moment of adaptation to our modes of representation, and an opportunity to develop the Art of Ethnography.
我们的许多传统方法和代表惯例已经与我们这个时代功能失调的社会、政治、环境和经济状况脱节。在一个动荡的世界里,我们如何创造一种超越学术交流的表现形式?我们如何创造“故事”,让人们团结在一起,与他们建立联系?这是民族志艺术的基本问题,这个想法始于莫里斯·梅洛-庞蒂的文本《眼睛与心灵》。这篇文章表明,艺术作品是一种实现迈克尔·杰克逊所说的“生活的艺术”的插图形式的方式。它是通过几个方面的结合来达到我们的。例如,空间和时间,它们活在事物的记忆中,或者对话,这是一扇窗户,让角色的个性变得特别。我们生活在一个动荡的时代,但我们的表现方式也在适应,这是一个发展民族志艺术的机会。我们的许多长期确立的代表方法和外延惯例已不再符合当代社会、政治、环境和经济功能障碍的状况。在一个麻烦的世界里,我们怎样才能创造出超越学术交流的表现呢?How can we create“,which work as the glue的故事”的人在一起,in order to connect with them ?This is the basic问题in the Art of Ethnography, an与莫里斯Merleau-Ponty’s的主意,开始在他的essay Eye and Mind。This piece复核that the work of art is a pathway to an违反enlightenment杰克逊that can enable us to practice what has called " the art of life”。这是几个方面的结果。例如,空间和地方,它是活的记忆,或对话,它是性格的一个方面,因为它定义了我们研究的人,并使他们特别。这是一个动荡的时代,但也是一个适应我们的表现方式的时代,也是一个发展民族志艺术的机会。
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引用次数: 0
Montevideo, ciudad obrera. El tiempo libre desde las izquierdas (1920-1950), de Rodolfo Porrini Beracochea 蒙得维的亚,工人阶级的城市。《左翼的自由时间》(1920-1950),鲁道夫·波里尼·贝拉科切亚著
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.11156/aibr.160111
Sergio Yanes Torrado
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引用次数: 0
De Job a Kafka. El sentido en nuestro tiempo, de Ricardo Sanmartín 从约伯到卡夫卡。我们时代的意义,里卡多sanmartin
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.11156/aibr.160114
Eloy Gómez Pellón
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引用次数: 0
La Invención de la Cultura, de Roy Wagner 罗伊·瓦格纳的《文化的发明》
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.11156/aibr.160110
Ion Fernández de las Heras
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引用次数: 0
La transmisión de memoria como mecanismo de intervención: Estudio de caso de una población «emblemática» y «crítica» en Santiago de Chile 作为干预机制的记忆传递:智利圣地亚哥“象征性”和“批判性”人群的案例研究
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.11156/aibr.160107
M. J. Reyes Andreani, F. J. Jeanneret Brith, M. A. Cruz Contreras, César Castillo Vega, Manuela Badilla Rajevic, Centro de interpretación FiSura
Memory studies in Latin America have focused on understanding the form in which societies remember and transmit the violence perpetrated by the dictatorships that affected the region between 1970 and 1990. In this regard, more recent research has recognized the need to focus on local territories. In this context, studies on “emblematic” neighborhoods have emerged in Chile given the active role of these urban territories during the resistance against the dictatorship. However, not enough attention has been paid to what and how the past is transmitted considering that these territories face not only past but also present violence, such as police harassment or drug trafficking. This research contributes to this field. Based on a 3-year ethnographic study (2016-2018), the article analyzes the date produced in one of the observation settings — the “Heritage Day” — organized in an emblematic population of Santiago labeled by the State as a “critical neighborhood” for its levels of violence and social conflict. The analysis shows how memory transmission, in this case, operates as an intervention mechanism, overlooking and marginalizing lifestyles and closing the debate about different forms to live.
拉丁美洲的记忆研究侧重于了解社会记忆和传播1970年至1990年间影响该地区的独裁政权所犯下的暴力的形式。在这方面,最近的研究已认识到需要集中注意地方领土。在这种背景下,鉴于这些城市领土在抵抗独裁统治期间的积极作用,智利出现了关于“象征性”社区的研究。然而,考虑到这些领土不仅面临过去的暴力,而且面临现在的暴力,例如警察骚扰或贩毒,对过去的内容和如何传播没有给予足够的注意。这项研究对这一领域有贡献。基于一项为期3年的人种学研究(2016-2018),本文分析了在一个观察环境中产生的日期——“遗产日”——在圣地亚哥一个具有象征意义的人群中组织,该人群因其暴力和社会冲突程度而被国家标记为“关键社区”。分析表明,在这种情况下,记忆传递是如何作为一种干预机制运作的,它忽视和边缘化了生活方式,并结束了关于不同生活形式的辩论。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Aibr-Revista De Antropologia Iberoamericana
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