Pub Date : 2023-11-07DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2023.2273474
Johanna Lakin, David Murphy
Person-centered experiential (PCE) psychotherapists work with the phenomenology of client experience from within their client’s frame of reference. Consequently, PCE theory does not provide proscriptions or prescriptions of therapeutic practice for helping clients with discrete forms of psychological distress. This research study provides a phenomenological account using person-centered theory for how the complex experiences of eating distress can be understood without relying on the medicalized diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. A pilot qualitative research study was conducted to explore participants’ experiences of eating distress. An inductive and deductive thematic analysis was employed to construct themes within the data; four main themes were identified. Inductive analysis was used to code participant’s experiences, and PCE theory was used to provide a deductive coding of those participant experiences. The data suggested eating distress can be understood as an expression of incongruence, linked to the theory of conditions of worth within the self-concept, characterized by the presence of a dominant inner critic and is often accompanied by intense feelings of shame.
{"title":"A pilot qualitative study of a person-centered approach to eating distress in women","authors":"Johanna Lakin, David Murphy","doi":"10.1080/14779757.2023.2273474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2023.2273474","url":null,"abstract":"Person-centered experiential (PCE) psychotherapists work with the phenomenology of client experience from within their client’s frame of reference. Consequently, PCE theory does not provide proscriptions or prescriptions of therapeutic practice for helping clients with discrete forms of psychological distress. This research study provides a phenomenological account using person-centered theory for how the complex experiences of eating distress can be understood without relying on the medicalized diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. A pilot qualitative research study was conducted to explore participants’ experiences of eating distress. An inductive and deductive thematic analysis was employed to construct themes within the data; four main themes were identified. Inductive analysis was used to code participant’s experiences, and PCE theory was used to provide a deductive coding of those participant experiences. The data suggested eating distress can be understood as an expression of incongruence, linked to the theory of conditions of worth within the self-concept, characterized by the presence of a dominant inner critic and is often accompanied by intense feelings of shame.","PeriodicalId":44274,"journal":{"name":"Person-Centered and Experiential Psychotherapies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135475847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-03DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2023.2273992
Jeffrey H. D. Cornelius-White
ABSTRACTPerson-centered therapists and scholars can benefit from consideration of the growing visibility of, interest in, and need for understanding trans identities, trans experiences, and gender-affirming therapy. Use of terminology and perceptions are fast changing and affected by one’s generation. Recommendations for person-centered practices often emerge from qualitative research with experts who work with trans persons. Literature on working with trans persons has been increasing within the person-centered approach, and suggests a central role for sincere understanding and accepting the unique phenomenology of trans persons, but also for affirming their identities. This manuscript reviews this literature and encourages person-centered therapists and scholars to focus on unconditional positive regard, the as-if aspect of empathy, and emphasis on self-awareness and extensionality to balance the literature’s call for agreement, immersion, and self-disclosure. Trans and cis persons may particularly benefit from the empowerment of person-centered therapy, not just affirmation or person-centered components diluted by agreements.KEYWORDS: Transtransgenderperson-centered therapygender-affirming Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
{"title":"Is affirmation acceptance? A person-centered look at gender-affirming therapy","authors":"Jeffrey H. D. Cornelius-White","doi":"10.1080/14779757.2023.2273992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2023.2273992","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTPerson-centered therapists and scholars can benefit from consideration of the growing visibility of, interest in, and need for understanding trans identities, trans experiences, and gender-affirming therapy. Use of terminology and perceptions are fast changing and affected by one’s generation. Recommendations for person-centered practices often emerge from qualitative research with experts who work with trans persons. Literature on working with trans persons has been increasing within the person-centered approach, and suggests a central role for sincere understanding and accepting the unique phenomenology of trans persons, but also for affirming their identities. This manuscript reviews this literature and encourages person-centered therapists and scholars to focus on unconditional positive regard, the as-if aspect of empathy, and emphasis on self-awareness and extensionality to balance the literature’s call for agreement, immersion, and self-disclosure. Trans and cis persons may particularly benefit from the empowerment of person-centered therapy, not just affirmation or person-centered components diluted by agreements.KEYWORDS: Transtransgenderperson-centered therapygender-affirming Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.","PeriodicalId":44274,"journal":{"name":"Person-Centered and Experiential Psychotherapies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135819995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2023.2264944
Junmei Wan
ABSTRACTThis paper is a self-as-subject heuristic inquiry on the integration of EFT and Christian prayer in treating a dissociative process. Heuristic inquiry is an experiential research methodology that values the researcher’s subjectivity and upholds disciplined spontaneity. The data analysis consists of significant therapy events taken from personal journals during the research period. The two main mechanisms in EFT for treating trauma are emotional co-regulation in a relationship and emotion processing. EFT procedures are effective in penetrating emotion self-interruption including dissociation, making emotion processing possible. Meanwhile, prayer inviting God’s presence provides enhanced safety when the client reexperiences trauma. By following the unknown sadness using EFT, I found an infant girl of myself who was forgotten but had bodily memories of trauma(s), who kept people at arm’s length despite her loneliness. While reaching the bottom of the pain (core pain), God’s presence transformed my lack of self-worth into self-compassion. This work shows one way of overcoming a dissociative process by using EFT and prayer, particularly emotion-focused prayer.KEYWORDS: Spiritualitytraumaprayerdissociationself-soothingPsychotherapy and counselling Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
{"title":"Integration of emotion-focused therapy and prayer in overcoming a dissociative process --- a Chinese counsellor’s self-as-subject heuristic inquiry","authors":"Junmei Wan","doi":"10.1080/14779757.2023.2264944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2023.2264944","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis paper is a self-as-subject heuristic inquiry on the integration of EFT and Christian prayer in treating a dissociative process. Heuristic inquiry is an experiential research methodology that values the researcher’s subjectivity and upholds disciplined spontaneity. The data analysis consists of significant therapy events taken from personal journals during the research period. The two main mechanisms in EFT for treating trauma are emotional co-regulation in a relationship and emotion processing. EFT procedures are effective in penetrating emotion self-interruption including dissociation, making emotion processing possible. Meanwhile, prayer inviting God’s presence provides enhanced safety when the client reexperiences trauma. By following the unknown sadness using EFT, I found an infant girl of myself who was forgotten but had bodily memories of trauma(s), who kept people at arm’s length despite her loneliness. While reaching the bottom of the pain (core pain), God’s presence transformed my lack of self-worth into self-compassion. This work shows one way of overcoming a dissociative process by using EFT and prayer, particularly emotion-focused prayer.KEYWORDS: Spiritualitytraumaprayerdissociationself-soothingPsychotherapy and counselling Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":44274,"journal":{"name":"Person-Centered and Experiential Psychotherapies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135779960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2023.2267856
Maria Kefalopoulou
This paper provides an overview of an Emotion Focused theoretical framework of human functioning based on the primacy of affect. This is followed by a brief review of the fundamental principles of Emotion Focused Therapy practice. A survival and growth tendency is seen as the main human motivational system, and emotion is seen as in-born and evolutionarily developed, to promote survival and growth. Emotion is seen as more basic than motivation, and therefore more fundamental than either the actualizing tendency or an attachment motive. The latter motivations are both seen as being driven by emotion. Having discussed the nature of emotional functioning the paper concludes by discussing principles of emotional change
{"title":"Translated Abstracts","authors":"Maria Kefalopoulou","doi":"10.1080/14779757.2023.2267856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2023.2267856","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an overview of an Emotion Focused theoretical framework of human functioning based on the primacy of affect. This is followed by a brief review of the fundamental principles of Emotion Focused Therapy practice. A survival and growth tendency is seen as the main human motivational system, and emotion is seen as in-born and evolutionarily developed, to promote survival and growth. Emotion is seen as more basic than motivation, and therefore more fundamental than either the actualizing tendency or an attachment motive. The latter motivations are both seen as being driven by emotion. Having discussed the nature of emotional functioning the paper concludes by discussing principles of emotional change","PeriodicalId":44274,"journal":{"name":"Person-Centered and Experiential Psychotherapies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135949017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2023.2255634
Aydan Toper, Edward Sellman, Stephen Joseph
ABSTRACTA considerable body of relevant literature has grown up around the theme of authenticity, showing the critical role it has in relation to a variety of indicators of individual well-being. The personal benefits of authenticity are now well documented. However, in this paper we hypothesize that authenticity is not only beneficial to the person themselves, but that it also promotes prosociality and ecological sensitivity. This study used cross-sectional data from one hundred and twenty-nine Turkish participants, who completed Turkish version of the Authenticity Scale, The Environmental Behavior Scale, The Helping Attitudes Scale and The Self-Transcendence Scale. The findings reported here show that greater authenticity was associated with more favorable attitudes to helping others and engagement in pro-environmental behaviors. Furthermore, the present research explored, for the first time, the effects of self-transcendence. The results showed that the associations between authenticity and helping attitudes of altruism as well as receiving and giving were mediated by self-transcendence. Implications, limitations, and future directions are discussed in terms of humanistic perspectives on authenticity.KEYWORDS: Authenticitycongruenceself-transcendenceprosocial behaviorpro-environmental behavior Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Consent for publicationInformed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.Ethics approvalAll procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.Data availability statementThe datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to this being part of doctorate thesis that put an embargo until 2024 but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.Additional informationFundingThis research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
{"title":"The prosocial and pro-environmental aspects of authenticity and the mediating role of self-transcendence","authors":"Aydan Toper, Edward Sellman, Stephen Joseph","doi":"10.1080/14779757.2023.2255634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2023.2255634","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTA considerable body of relevant literature has grown up around the theme of authenticity, showing the critical role it has in relation to a variety of indicators of individual well-being. The personal benefits of authenticity are now well documented. However, in this paper we hypothesize that authenticity is not only beneficial to the person themselves, but that it also promotes prosociality and ecological sensitivity. This study used cross-sectional data from one hundred and twenty-nine Turkish participants, who completed Turkish version of the Authenticity Scale, The Environmental Behavior Scale, The Helping Attitudes Scale and The Self-Transcendence Scale. The findings reported here show that greater authenticity was associated with more favorable attitudes to helping others and engagement in pro-environmental behaviors. Furthermore, the present research explored, for the first time, the effects of self-transcendence. The results showed that the associations between authenticity and helping attitudes of altruism as well as receiving and giving were mediated by self-transcendence. Implications, limitations, and future directions are discussed in terms of humanistic perspectives on authenticity.KEYWORDS: Authenticitycongruenceself-transcendenceprosocial behaviorpro-environmental behavior Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Consent for publicationInformed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.Ethics approvalAll procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.Data availability statementThe datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to this being part of doctorate thesis that put an embargo until 2024 but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.Additional informationFundingThis research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.","PeriodicalId":44274,"journal":{"name":"Person-Centered and Experiential Psychotherapies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136314669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-05DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2022.2151931
Brian E. Levitt
{"title":"Towards a general theory of love","authors":"Brian E. Levitt","doi":"10.1080/14779757.2022.2151931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2022.2151931","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44274,"journal":{"name":"Person-Centered and Experiential Psychotherapies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75997143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-24DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2022.2150278
M. Bazzano
{"title":"Senses of focusing","authors":"M. Bazzano","doi":"10.1080/14779757.2022.2150278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2022.2150278","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44274,"journal":{"name":"Person-Centered and Experiential Psychotherapies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87142143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-07DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2022.2131605
Hans Welling, N. Ofer
ABSTRACT The authors present a theoretical integrative model of pain-dynamics for the categorization and transformation of emotional pain in person-centered and experiential psychotherapies. Integrating data from research literature and clinical work, the model distinguishes between three types of emotional pain: basic emotional pain, relational pain, and self-pain. The authors show how each type of emotional pain has not only distinct developmental etiology and evolutionary function, but also how each type requires a fundamentally different transformational process to be healed. Though clients experience all three types of pain in their life, usually one particular pain is dominant in the session. The model provides markers for identifying the active pain in the session, directing the therapist to one of three transformational paths. It thus provides a focus for the work, but also leaves plenty of room for intuitive moment-to-moment tracking of emerging experience. Although this new conceptual model emerged from the integration of the authors’ AEDP practice with EFT principles, pain dynamics can help to systematically select interventions and techniques from a variety of experiential models. Conceptualizing the active pain in the session combines the advantages of case conceptualization and moment to moment work of process formulation.
{"title":"Pain dynamics: an integrative roadmap for navigating through the experiential process","authors":"Hans Welling, N. Ofer","doi":"10.1080/14779757.2022.2131605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2022.2131605","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The authors present a theoretical integrative model of pain-dynamics for the categorization and transformation of emotional pain in person-centered and experiential psychotherapies. Integrating data from research literature and clinical work, the model distinguishes between three types of emotional pain: basic emotional pain, relational pain, and self-pain. The authors show how each type of emotional pain has not only distinct developmental etiology and evolutionary function, but also how each type requires a fundamentally different transformational process to be healed. Though clients experience all three types of pain in their life, usually one particular pain is dominant in the session. The model provides markers for identifying the active pain in the session, directing the therapist to one of three transformational paths. It thus provides a focus for the work, but also leaves plenty of room for intuitive moment-to-moment tracking of emerging experience. Although this new conceptual model emerged from the integration of the authors’ AEDP practice with EFT principles, pain dynamics can help to systematically select interventions and techniques from a variety of experiential models. Conceptualizing the active pain in the session combines the advantages of case conceptualization and moment to moment work of process formulation.","PeriodicalId":44274,"journal":{"name":"Person-Centered and Experiential Psychotherapies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80714828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-30DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2022.2138774
Maznah Ibrahim, A. Abdullah
ABSTRACT Research on the positive events in the therapeutic counseling process is usually undertaken from the client’s perspective. However, few studies have investigated the beneficial aspects of the therapeutic counselling process, particularly in creative expressive fields. This preliminary qualitative study aims to evaluate the therapeutic experience of utilizing Creative expressive – Bodily maps of emotions (CE-BME) with young clients in the helpful process. The CE-BME is an art therapy tool that counselling practitioners or therapists have extensively used in Malaysian mental health settings. A qualitative approach known as the grounded theory method was employed in this study through face-to-face and video call interviews with four therapists from the health setting who conducted sessions for children and adolescents using the CE-BME. As a result, six themes of the helpful process were identified: (1) facilitating emotional exploration and processing, (2) engaging relationships with young clients, (3) expanding the client’s self-awareness, (4) helping the direction of intervention, (5) release for clients, and (6) relief for therapists. Furthermore, these findings established the following outcomes regarding the CE-BME tool as a helpful process, thereby boosting researchers’ confidence in applying the main study to more therapists engaged in children’s mental health intervention.
{"title":"A preliminary qualitative study on helpful processes of creative expressive - bodily maps of emotions in psychotherapy with children and adolescents","authors":"Maznah Ibrahim, A. Abdullah","doi":"10.1080/14779757.2022.2138774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2022.2138774","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Research on the positive events in the therapeutic counseling process is usually undertaken from the client’s perspective. However, few studies have investigated the beneficial aspects of the therapeutic counselling process, particularly in creative expressive fields. This preliminary qualitative study aims to evaluate the therapeutic experience of utilizing Creative expressive – Bodily maps of emotions (CE-BME) with young clients in the helpful process. The CE-BME is an art therapy tool that counselling practitioners or therapists have extensively used in Malaysian mental health settings. A qualitative approach known as the grounded theory method was employed in this study through face-to-face and video call interviews with four therapists from the health setting who conducted sessions for children and adolescents using the CE-BME. As a result, six themes of the helpful process were identified: (1) facilitating emotional exploration and processing, (2) engaging relationships with young clients, (3) expanding the client’s self-awareness, (4) helping the direction of intervention, (5) release for clients, and (6) relief for therapists. Furthermore, these findings established the following outcomes regarding the CE-BME tool as a helpful process, thereby boosting researchers’ confidence in applying the main study to more therapists engaged in children’s mental health intervention.","PeriodicalId":44274,"journal":{"name":"Person-Centered and Experiential Psychotherapies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89583978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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