Pub Date : 2021-07-26DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2021.1938180
Krista Susman
ABSTRACT This paper asks how to best foster high-quality relationships in online encounter. As video-platforms have been set up to serve business purposes, not personal growth, their architectures work brilliantly for establishing content, but less so for process. As virtual rooms have become a reality, they need to be appropriated by all those aiming to support collaborative, relational and co-creative space, including the person-centered approach. The article discusses psychological online phenomena, such as disembodiment, perception of the self and others, transitioning between private/public, virtual/physical and self/other, power dynamics and how these phenomena affect our abilities to genuinely relate to ourselves and to each other. It is derived from the author’s personal experience as facilitator of online groups, meetings and counseling and the voiced experiences of participants, clients and colleagues. It offers practical and theoretical considerations for facilitation. The text is a plea for us to expand our agency within the digital sphere, whilst remaining aware of the larger socio-political challenges of the digital age, adamantly advocating for the irreplaceability of meeting in body. Striving for connection is not just the responsibility of the individual, but of us all, with the aim of shaping an inclusive, transformative culture.
{"title":"Between the tiles: the psychology of the virtual room. Appropriating and subverting the digital sphere for authentic and meaningful encounter","authors":"Krista Susman","doi":"10.1080/14779757.2021.1938180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2021.1938180","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper asks how to best foster high-quality relationships in online encounter. As video-platforms have been set up to serve business purposes, not personal growth, their architectures work brilliantly for establishing content, but less so for process. As virtual rooms have become a reality, they need to be appropriated by all those aiming to support collaborative, relational and co-creative space, including the person-centered approach. The article discusses psychological online phenomena, such as disembodiment, perception of the self and others, transitioning between private/public, virtual/physical and self/other, power dynamics and how these phenomena affect our abilities to genuinely relate to ourselves and to each other. It is derived from the author’s personal experience as facilitator of online groups, meetings and counseling and the voiced experiences of participants, clients and colleagues. It offers practical and theoretical considerations for facilitation. The text is a plea for us to expand our agency within the digital sphere, whilst remaining aware of the larger socio-political challenges of the digital age, adamantly advocating for the irreplaceability of meeting in body. Striving for connection is not just the responsibility of the individual, but of us all, with the aim of shaping an inclusive, transformative culture.","PeriodicalId":44274,"journal":{"name":"Person-Centered and Experiential Psychotherapies","volume":"103 1","pages":"327 - 344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79433763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-05DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2021.1938186
T. Hanley
Offering counseling and psychotherapy over the Internet has historically been quite unpopular with person-centered practitioners. Most individuals have been trained to work face-to-face and place g...
在互联网上提供咨询和心理治疗历来不受以人为本的从业者的欢迎。大多数人都接受过面对面工作的培训。
{"title":"Online counseling and psychotherapy textbooks for the person-centered and experiential psychotherapies: from COVID-19 and beyond","authors":"T. Hanley","doi":"10.1080/14779757.2021.1938186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2021.1938186","url":null,"abstract":"Offering counseling and psychotherapy over the Internet has historically been quite unpopular with person-centered practitioners. Most individuals have been trained to work face-to-face and place g...","PeriodicalId":44274,"journal":{"name":"Person-Centered and Experiential Psychotherapies","volume":"82 11","pages":"345 - 351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14779757.2021.1938186","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72508140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2021.1938183
David Blowers, Sheila Haugh
ABSTRACT Person-centered therapy conceptualizes anxiety as occurring when an individual perceives incongruence within themselves, so better understanding the self-concept of anxious individuals can help us understand this incongruence. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with three health anxious white British women which were then subjected to Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. This produced three master themes. The first, ‘living with health anxiety’, explored the experience of being health anxious: on the one hand identifying as a worrier and on the other hand having reason to be afraid. The second, ‘questioning health anxiety’, demonstrated an aspect of self that wished to transcend the confines of health anxiety by rejecting or interrogating it. The third, ‘anxiety among others’, drew attention to the interpersonal aspects of life with health anxiety. These results are applied to existing person-centered, focusing-oriented and emotion-focused therapy theories. Future research directions are suggested, and clinical implications are given.
{"title":"Health anxiety and the self-concept: a person-centered/experiential study","authors":"David Blowers, Sheila Haugh","doi":"10.1080/14779757.2021.1938183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2021.1938183","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Person-centered therapy conceptualizes anxiety as occurring when an individual perceives incongruence within themselves, so better understanding the self-concept of anxious individuals can help us understand this incongruence. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with three health anxious white British women which were then subjected to Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. This produced three master themes. The first, ‘living with health anxiety’, explored the experience of being health anxious: on the one hand identifying as a worrier and on the other hand having reason to be afraid. The second, ‘questioning health anxiety’, demonstrated an aspect of self that wished to transcend the confines of health anxiety by rejecting or interrogating it. The third, ‘anxiety among others’, drew attention to the interpersonal aspects of life with health anxiety. These results are applied to existing person-centered, focusing-oriented and emotion-focused therapy theories. Future research directions are suggested, and clinical implications are given.","PeriodicalId":44274,"journal":{"name":"Person-Centered and Experiential Psychotherapies","volume":"40 1","pages":"266 - 281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77736435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2021.1938181
Junmei Wan
ABSTRACT This research is a self-as-subject heuristic inquiry, designed to provide in-depth qualitative data on the incorporation of a spiritual dimension into an experiential counseling approach. Training in the UK exposed my emotional block to anger, once hidden in a home culture and a Chinese Christian community. I was stuck in a position where I needed the relational capacity to form a trusting therapeutic relationship for therapy to work and yet did not have that very capacity to trust any therapist. Both Emotion-focused therapy (EFT) procedures and Christian prayer healing contributed to a breakthrough on my work with the emotional block, which fascinated and motivated me to explore the integration of the two. My personal interest in searching for therapeutic change mechanisms led me to find God as an emotion friendly Person who was helping me to become such a person. This paper aims to lend perspectives to therapists who work with clients who have a personal relationship with their God, even if the therapist has a different belief system.
{"title":"Emotion-focused prayer with an emotion friendly God – My exploration of prayer with EFT techniques as a Chinese Christian counsellor","authors":"Junmei Wan","doi":"10.1080/14779757.2021.1938181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2021.1938181","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This research is a self-as-subject heuristic inquiry, designed to provide in-depth qualitative data on the incorporation of a spiritual dimension into an experiential counseling approach. Training in the UK exposed my emotional block to anger, once hidden in a home culture and a Chinese Christian community. I was stuck in a position where I needed the relational capacity to form a trusting therapeutic relationship for therapy to work and yet did not have that very capacity to trust any therapist. Both Emotion-focused therapy (EFT) procedures and Christian prayer healing contributed to a breakthrough on my work with the emotional block, which fascinated and motivated me to explore the integration of the two. My personal interest in searching for therapeutic change mechanisms led me to find God as an emotion friendly Person who was helping me to become such a person. This paper aims to lend perspectives to therapists who work with clients who have a personal relationship with their God, even if the therapist has a different belief system.","PeriodicalId":44274,"journal":{"name":"Person-Centered and Experiential Psychotherapies","volume":"82 1","pages":"214 - 231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89099865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-13DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2021.1938182
Daniela Saenz Galvis, Jaime Alberto Carmona-Parra
ABSTRACT Research on experiences of former young soldiers in Colombia, from their own frame of reference, and which includes both distress and growth, is rare. Person-Centered theory argues for an inherent potential for growth in all organisms and could provide further understanding of the experiences of these young women. The present study aimed to explore the experiences of six demobilized Colombian young women, and to understand their experiences through Person-Centered theory. A thematic analysis was used to analyze the interviews, and the young women’s experiences were organized into four themes. It is argued that these young women underwent a cultural conditioning specific to living in a war zone, followed by a social conditioning by the illegally armed groups. Even in an extremely oppressive environment, socially constructive behaviors were present, and growth was evident in most participants. It is maintained that a Person-Centered approach would be highly beneficial when working therapeutically with demobilized youth.
{"title":"Towards an understanding of Colombia’s demobilized young women: a person-centered approach","authors":"Daniela Saenz Galvis, Jaime Alberto Carmona-Parra","doi":"10.1080/14779757.2021.1938182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2021.1938182","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Research on experiences of former young soldiers in Colombia, from their own frame of reference, and which includes both distress and growth, is rare. Person-Centered theory argues for an inherent potential for growth in all organisms and could provide further understanding of the experiences of these young women. The present study aimed to explore the experiences of six demobilized Colombian young women, and to understand their experiences through Person-Centered theory. A thematic analysis was used to analyze the interviews, and the young women’s experiences were organized into four themes. It is argued that these young women underwent a cultural conditioning specific to living in a war zone, followed by a social conditioning by the illegally armed groups. Even in an extremely oppressive environment, socially constructive behaviors were present, and growth was evident in most participants. It is maintained that a Person-Centered approach would be highly beneficial when working therapeutically with demobilized youth.","PeriodicalId":44274,"journal":{"name":"Person-Centered and Experiential Psychotherapies","volume":"156 1","pages":"250 - 265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89117348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2021.1938184
C. Fortems, J. Dezutter, L. Dewitte, S. Vanhooren
ABSTRACT Meaning in life is generally not considered to be one of the most central aspects of person-centered and experiential therapies. However, Carl Rogers described how clients found purpose in life by going through a process that helped them to connect to their inner experiencing. This process was evoked by an empathic, accepting, and genuine therapeutic relationship and resulted in positive therapy outcome. Recently, scholars have also stressed the importance of the therapeutic alliance to foster meaning-making processes in therapy. Meaning in life is also related to well-being. Therefore, the aim of this study is to test whether meaning in life would mediate between therapeutic alliance and therapy outcome in person-centered and experiential psychotherapies. Our sample consisted of 96 outpatients nested within 23 therapists. Using multilevel modeling, we found that meaning in life indeed mediates between the therapeutic relationship and therapy outcome. This suggests that meaning in life might actually be at the very core of person-centered and experiential therapies, and therefore deserves the attention of clinicians as well as theorists. Our results support the idea that the therapeutic bond might foster meaning(-making processes) in therapy, leading to better therapy outcome. However, this idea should be explored further using longitudinal methods.
{"title":"The mediating role of meaning in life between the therapeutic relationship and therapy outcome in person-centered and experiential psychotherapies","authors":"C. Fortems, J. Dezutter, L. Dewitte, S. Vanhooren","doi":"10.1080/14779757.2021.1938184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2021.1938184","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Meaning in life is generally not considered to be one of the most central aspects of person-centered and experiential therapies. However, Carl Rogers described how clients found purpose in life by going through a process that helped them to connect to their inner experiencing. This process was evoked by an empathic, accepting, and genuine therapeutic relationship and resulted in positive therapy outcome. Recently, scholars have also stressed the importance of the therapeutic alliance to foster meaning-making processes in therapy. Meaning in life is also related to well-being. Therefore, the aim of this study is to test whether meaning in life would mediate between therapeutic alliance and therapy outcome in person-centered and experiential psychotherapies. Our sample consisted of 96 outpatients nested within 23 therapists. Using multilevel modeling, we found that meaning in life indeed mediates between the therapeutic relationship and therapy outcome. This suggests that meaning in life might actually be at the very core of person-centered and experiential therapies, and therefore deserves the attention of clinicians as well as theorists. Our results support the idea that the therapeutic bond might foster meaning(-making processes) in therapy, leading to better therapy outcome. However, this idea should be explored further using longitudinal methods.","PeriodicalId":44274,"journal":{"name":"Person-Centered and Experiential Psychotherapies","volume":"21 1","pages":"73 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75077584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-09DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2021.1938179
Dionysia Kaimaxi, Agathi Lakioti
ABSTRACT According to the person-centered theory of therapy, the therapist’s congruence is one of the necessary and sufficient conditions for therapeutic personality change. However, the development of therapists’ congruence has received limited research attention. This study was designed to explore the ways in which eight experienced person-centered therapists fostered their congruence. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews. Analysis of the data was based on the qualitative method of thematic analysis. The research findings yielded four main themes, along with a number of sub-themes, which reflected the ways in which these person-centered therapists enhanced, and continue to enhance, their congruence. These are: a life-lasting ongoing process, the importance of constant care, the role of relationships, and being in contact. The findings suggest that the development of congruence is a gradual process closely related to the lifelong personal and professional growth of therapists and that it needs active and constant care on multiple levels. The findings highlight the importance of personal and professional relationships in nurturing congruence and point to the necessity of a person-centered therapist being in contact with his or her self and the client. This study has important implications in the literature, training, and practice of person-centered therapists.
{"title":"The development of congruence: a thematic analysis of person-centered counselors’ perspectives","authors":"Dionysia Kaimaxi, Agathi Lakioti","doi":"10.1080/14779757.2021.1938179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2021.1938179","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT According to the person-centered theory of therapy, the therapist’s congruence is one of the necessary and sufficient conditions for therapeutic personality change. However, the development of therapists’ congruence has received limited research attention. This study was designed to explore the ways in which eight experienced person-centered therapists fostered their congruence. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews. Analysis of the data was based on the qualitative method of thematic analysis. The research findings yielded four main themes, along with a number of sub-themes, which reflected the ways in which these person-centered therapists enhanced, and continue to enhance, their congruence. These are: a life-lasting ongoing process, the importance of constant care, the role of relationships, and being in contact. The findings suggest that the development of congruence is a gradual process closely related to the lifelong personal and professional growth of therapists and that it needs active and constant care on multiple levels. The findings highlight the importance of personal and professional relationships in nurturing congruence and point to the necessity of a person-centered therapist being in contact with his or her self and the client. This study has important implications in the literature, training, and practice of person-centered therapists.","PeriodicalId":44274,"journal":{"name":"Person-Centered and Experiential Psychotherapies","volume":"227 1","pages":"232 - 249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84135910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-07DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2021.1938185
Maki Mikuni
ABSTRACT Since the first Japanese encounter group was held in 1970, numerous encounter groups with many participants have been held. In addition, countless studies have been conducted on encounter groups. In this paper, Japanese-style encounter groups are described. An encounter group facilitator needs to be aware of both the physical and psychological elements that comprise a group. Unlike physical structures which are fixed, psychological elements evolve as the group progresses. There are psychological elements of which both the facilitator and participants may not even be aware. The role of the group facilitator is to strive to understand and appreciate those structures.
{"title":"My perception of Japanese-style basic encounter groups ~ learning from facilitating encounter groups~","authors":"Maki Mikuni","doi":"10.1080/14779757.2021.1938185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2021.1938185","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Since the first Japanese encounter group was held in 1970, numerous encounter groups with many participants have been held. In addition, countless studies have been conducted on encounter groups. In this paper, Japanese-style encounter groups are described. An encounter group facilitator needs to be aware of both the physical and psychological elements that comprise a group. Unlike physical structures which are fixed, psychological elements evolve as the group progresses. There are psychological elements of which both the facilitator and participants may not even be aware. The role of the group facilitator is to strive to understand and appreciate those structures.","PeriodicalId":44274,"journal":{"name":"Person-Centered and Experiential Psychotherapies","volume":"11 1","pages":"207 - 219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86673463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-11DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2021.1898454
Hideaki Fukumori
ABSTRACT Focusing practitioners and researchers emphasize the importance of Focusing attitudes. The purpose of this research was to gather evidence concerning the construct validity of the Focusing Manner Scale 18 (FMS-18) which was developed to measure Focusing attitude in daily life by conducting exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and correlation analysis. The sample comprised 319 Japanese youth. The EFA yielded a factor solution. For the CFA, five models were calculated. The final model demonstrated strong applicability to the available data. The correlation analysis revealed a moderate, significant correlation between the FMS-18 total score and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-26 scale total score on all domains.
{"title":"Examination of the construct validity of the Focusing Manner Scale 18(FMS-18) with exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis","authors":"Hideaki Fukumori","doi":"10.1080/14779757.2021.1898454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2021.1898454","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Focusing practitioners and researchers emphasize the importance of Focusing attitudes. The purpose of this research was to gather evidence concerning the construct validity of the Focusing Manner Scale 18 (FMS-18) which was developed to measure Focusing attitude in daily life by conducting exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and correlation analysis. The sample comprised 319 Japanese youth. The EFA yielded a factor solution. For the CFA, five models were calculated. The final model demonstrated strong applicability to the available data. The correlation analysis revealed a moderate, significant correlation between the FMS-18 total score and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-26 scale total score on all domains.","PeriodicalId":44274,"journal":{"name":"Person-Centered and Experiential Psychotherapies","volume":"1 1","pages":"57 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86654252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-05DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2021.1898453
Maria Kefalopoulou
ABSTRACT This paper discusses the possible contributions of the Foucauldian discourse analysis (FDA) to the exploration of the person-centered approach (PCA) hence relating Michel Foucault to Carl Rogers. Different paths lead us to similar forms of understanding concerning meaning, discourses, subjective experience, personal power, self-actualization, epimeleia heautou (care of the self), parrhesia and eventually, history as ethics and process. Discourse analysis which focuses on language constitutes a privileged field for this consideration. More precisely, FDA proposes a crucial methodological tool to meet and evaluate possible constructions of PCA as a therapeutic approach in theory and practice. In association with them, gender construction is durable and always present. Therefore, we use a research study having as reference the gender construction by person-centered therapists in order to implement a concrete apprehension of the methodological significance of FDA considering PCA in theory and practice.
{"title":"Foucauldian discourse analysis (FDA) and the person-centered approach (PCA): a discourse, with a special focus on the gender paradigm","authors":"Maria Kefalopoulou","doi":"10.1080/14779757.2021.1898453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2021.1898453","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper discusses the possible contributions of the Foucauldian discourse analysis (FDA) to the exploration of the person-centered approach (PCA) hence relating Michel Foucault to Carl Rogers. Different paths lead us to similar forms of understanding concerning meaning, discourses, subjective experience, personal power, self-actualization, epimeleia heautou (care of the self), parrhesia and eventually, history as ethics and process. Discourse analysis which focuses on language constitutes a privileged field for this consideration. More precisely, FDA proposes a crucial methodological tool to meet and evaluate possible constructions of PCA as a therapeutic approach in theory and practice. In association with them, gender construction is durable and always present. Therefore, we use a research study having as reference the gender construction by person-centered therapists in order to implement a concrete apprehension of the methodological significance of FDA considering PCA in theory and practice.","PeriodicalId":44274,"journal":{"name":"Person-Centered and Experiential Psychotherapies","volume":"13 1","pages":"199 - 213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91107378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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