Pub Date : 2017-12-01DOI: 10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394136
S. Naik, Mahabaleshwar R Bhat, Nischal Ramesh, B. Ashwini
The comparator has become one of the most embossed component in electronic circuit design. They work on a simple logic wherein the two inputs fed are compared and accordingly outputs are produced such as greater or lesser or equal. Comparators have proved their significance in the fields of digital communications, encryption devices, ADC circuits etc. This paper proposes a design of a signed comparator using reversible logic gates. Reversible logic these days has been one of the most compelling field of research due to its pragmatic advantages such as low power consumption, reduced heat loss, lower number of garbage outputs and decreased quantum cost. The proposed design works well with all the combinations of signed numbers which makes it distinguishable among the other pre-proposed designs. The proposed design also aims at optimizing the design parameters such as quantum cost, garbage outputs and ancillary inputs. However the design has proved to have a better performance compared to the existing design.
{"title":"An optimized reversible signed comparator","authors":"S. Naik, Mahabaleshwar R Bhat, Nischal Ramesh, B. Ashwini","doi":"10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394136","url":null,"abstract":"The comparator has become one of the most embossed component in electronic circuit design. They work on a simple logic wherein the two inputs fed are compared and accordingly outputs are produced such as greater or lesser or equal. Comparators have proved their significance in the fields of digital communications, encryption devices, ADC circuits etc. This paper proposes a design of a signed comparator using reversible logic gates. Reversible logic these days has been one of the most compelling field of research due to its pragmatic advantages such as low power consumption, reduced heat loss, lower number of garbage outputs and decreased quantum cost. The proposed design works well with all the combinations of signed numbers which makes it distinguishable among the other pre-proposed designs. The proposed design also aims at optimizing the design parameters such as quantum cost, garbage outputs and ancillary inputs. However the design has proved to have a better performance compared to the existing design.","PeriodicalId":443423,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Circuits, Controls, and Communications (CCUBE)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129336269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-01DOI: 10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394132
Iffath Fawad, H. Kumaraswamy
This paper presents the performance analysis of Uniform Linear Array (ULA) and Non Uniform Linear Arrays (NULAs), using Multiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm for Direction-Of-Arrival (DOA) estimation. Non Uniform Linear Arrays are applied to Under Water Communication by constructing a Non Uniform Linear SONAR Array. Another variation of NULA, called the Nested Arrays is compared with ULA in terms of the Degrees of Freedom. The considered Non Uniform Linear SONAR and Nested Arrays are compared in terms of resolution and Array length. MUSIC algorithm is simulated using MATLAB.
{"title":"Performance analysis of non uniform linear arrays using MUSIC algorithm for under water communication","authors":"Iffath Fawad, H. Kumaraswamy","doi":"10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394132","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the performance analysis of Uniform Linear Array (ULA) and Non Uniform Linear Arrays (NULAs), using Multiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm for Direction-Of-Arrival (DOA) estimation. Non Uniform Linear Arrays are applied to Under Water Communication by constructing a Non Uniform Linear SONAR Array. Another variation of NULA, called the Nested Arrays is compared with ULA in terms of the Degrees of Freedom. The considered Non Uniform Linear SONAR and Nested Arrays are compared in terms of resolution and Array length. MUSIC algorithm is simulated using MATLAB.","PeriodicalId":443423,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Circuits, Controls, and Communications (CCUBE)","volume":"162 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123119607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-01DOI: 10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394138
K. Y. Reddy, R. B. Kumar, M. Jijenth, M. Devi
In this paper, we propose a novel design for the synthesis of a thinned planar antenna (TPA) array that produces a radiation pattern with maximum suppression in peak side lobe level (SLL). The main objective of this paper is to obtain Peak side lobe level (PSLL), equal to or less than - 25dB for uniformly excited antenna elements across the aperture. A Modified Binary Coded GA (MBC-GA) is utilized to find out optimum combination 'ON' and 'OFF' elements by randomly turning on and turning off elements in certain position to obtain the maximum peak side lobe level (PSLL). A novel Crossover and mutation techniques are devised and incorporated in normal BCGA to develop the MBC-GA. In order to validate the effectiveness of proposed method, a 12x12 TPA is considered in present study. Their computed performance is compared with the already proposed literature containing designs of similar size arrays. Comparison shows the superiority of our technique and also indicates acknowledgeable improvements in reduction of peak side lobe levels at bore sight.
{"title":"Synthesis of a thinned planar antenna array with suppressed peak side lobe level using modified binary coded genetic algorithm (MBC-GA)","authors":"K. Y. Reddy, R. B. Kumar, M. Jijenth, M. Devi","doi":"10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394138","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a novel design for the synthesis of a thinned planar antenna (TPA) array that produces a radiation pattern with maximum suppression in peak side lobe level (SLL). The main objective of this paper is to obtain Peak side lobe level (PSLL), equal to or less than - 25dB for uniformly excited antenna elements across the aperture. A Modified Binary Coded GA (MBC-GA) is utilized to find out optimum combination 'ON' and 'OFF' elements by randomly turning on and turning off elements in certain position to obtain the maximum peak side lobe level (PSLL). A novel Crossover and mutation techniques are devised and incorporated in normal BCGA to develop the MBC-GA. In order to validate the effectiveness of proposed method, a 12x12 TPA is considered in present study. Their computed performance is compared with the already proposed literature containing designs of similar size arrays. Comparison shows the superiority of our technique and also indicates acknowledgeable improvements in reduction of peak side lobe levels at bore sight.","PeriodicalId":443423,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Circuits, Controls, and Communications (CCUBE)","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134159009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-01DOI: 10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394160
Sushma Shankarappa, V. S. Rao
Satellite Based Automatic- Identification System (SB-AIS) is an innovative work in a VHF communication system for real time ship traffic surveillance. This is the most promising solution to overcome the limitation of terrestrial AIS full coverage with the potential to provide AIS detection service coverage in any given vicinity on earth. SB-AIS payload system comprises of receiver antenna, data storage units, signal and data processing units. In this paper a Face centered and Edge centered wire monopole antenna using coaxial feeding technique is designed and simulated using HFSSv.14 software, which can receive the AIS signals such as name, position, type, speed, destination etc. from the ship.
{"title":"Wire monopole antenna for low earth orbit satellite applications","authors":"Sushma Shankarappa, V. S. Rao","doi":"10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394160","url":null,"abstract":"Satellite Based Automatic- Identification System (SB-AIS) is an innovative work in a VHF communication system for real time ship traffic surveillance. This is the most promising solution to overcome the limitation of terrestrial AIS full coverage with the potential to provide AIS detection service coverage in any given vicinity on earth. SB-AIS payload system comprises of receiver antenna, data storage units, signal and data processing units. In this paper a Face centered and Edge centered wire monopole antenna using coaxial feeding technique is designed and simulated using HFSSv.14 software, which can receive the AIS signals such as name, position, type, speed, destination etc. from the ship.","PeriodicalId":443423,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Circuits, Controls, and Communications (CCUBE)","volume":"43 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114122532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-01DOI: 10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394165
Pavankumar R Vijapur, Sudha R. Karbari, G. Shireesha
The structure of MEMS Humidity Sensor is developed with silicon as substrate material. The proposed humidity sensor works on the principle of change in dielectric constant of the polyimide that occurs because of absorption/desorption of water vapor. It is observed that humidity sensor's output depends linearly on the relative humidity in the range of 20 to 90%. The sensitivity of the sensor shows that the range is 0.13 for 0.04fF per %RH to 1.36 for 4 fF per %RH. Modeling and simulation is carried out with parameters of different input values of pressures in accordance with minimum distances between micro plates array, the number of plates and the width of the plates for analysis. As the model is used to observe the water diffusivity in the polymer, polyimide layer is based on Fick's law and Henry's law. And hence could be extended for the parametric optimization of capacitive sensors in terms of stress, displacement and surface analysis. A Humidity sensor that works on capacitive principle is implemented in this paper. Sensor consists of array of plates onto the sensitive polyimide layer. The polyimide layer is sandwiched between the top electrode array and the bottom oxide layer.
{"title":"MEMS capacitive humidity sensor with plate array structure using polyimide sensing layer","authors":"Pavankumar R Vijapur, Sudha R. Karbari, G. Shireesha","doi":"10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394165","url":null,"abstract":"The structure of MEMS Humidity Sensor is developed with silicon as substrate material. The proposed humidity sensor works on the principle of change in dielectric constant of the polyimide that occurs because of absorption/desorption of water vapor. It is observed that humidity sensor's output depends linearly on the relative humidity in the range of 20 to 90%. The sensitivity of the sensor shows that the range is 0.13 for 0.04fF per %RH to 1.36 for 4 fF per %RH. Modeling and simulation is carried out with parameters of different input values of pressures in accordance with minimum distances between micro plates array, the number of plates and the width of the plates for analysis. As the model is used to observe the water diffusivity in the polymer, polyimide layer is based on Fick's law and Henry's law. And hence could be extended for the parametric optimization of capacitive sensors in terms of stress, displacement and surface analysis. A Humidity sensor that works on capacitive principle is implemented in this paper. Sensor consists of array of plates onto the sensitive polyimide layer. The polyimide layer is sandwiched between the top electrode array and the bottom oxide layer.","PeriodicalId":443423,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Circuits, Controls, and Communications (CCUBE)","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114754938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-01DOI: 10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394130
K. Navya, Feroz H. Shaik, G. Reddy
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer- related deaths in the world. For the detection of lung cancer, pulmonary CT (computed tomography) image processing is required. Discrimination of vessels from other organs in the lung is required for the detection of lung nodules. This is an important step in the diagnosis of lung cancer since the size and shape of the nodules indicate the severity of lung cancer in the patient. Therefore, vessel segmentation has received a large amount of interest, and a variety of techniques have been proposed for this task. Vessel detection techniques have been widely used in brain MRI images and retinal images, and have been shown to apply to segmentation of lung vessels as well. Radon transform is a technique which transforms line-containing images to a radon transform domain where every line is represented as a peak or a valley. This helps to understand the intensity and position of the lines in the image. This technique has shown success in the segmentation of blood vessels in retinal images, and in this paper, we use it for the segmentation of lung vessels. Pre-processed lung CT images are partitioned and further processed. The Radon transform is then applied. Vessel mask parameters are defined and analyzed to obtain a final vessel map highlighting the blood vessels in the source lung CT image.
{"title":"Segmentation of lung vessels using radon transform","authors":"K. Navya, Feroz H. Shaik, G. Reddy","doi":"10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394130","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer- related deaths in the world. For the detection of lung cancer, pulmonary CT (computed tomography) image processing is required. Discrimination of vessels from other organs in the lung is required for the detection of lung nodules. This is an important step in the diagnosis of lung cancer since the size and shape of the nodules indicate the severity of lung cancer in the patient. Therefore, vessel segmentation has received a large amount of interest, and a variety of techniques have been proposed for this task. Vessel detection techniques have been widely used in brain MRI images and retinal images, and have been shown to apply to segmentation of lung vessels as well. Radon transform is a technique which transforms line-containing images to a radon transform domain where every line is represented as a peak or a valley. This helps to understand the intensity and position of the lines in the image. This technique has shown success in the segmentation of blood vessels in retinal images, and in this paper, we use it for the segmentation of lung vessels. Pre-processed lung CT images are partitioned and further processed. The Radon transform is then applied. Vessel mask parameters are defined and analyzed to obtain a final vessel map highlighting the blood vessels in the source lung CT image.","PeriodicalId":443423,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Circuits, Controls, and Communications (CCUBE)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132570741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-01DOI: 10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394133
M. Mondal, S. Joshi
Super Resolution (SR) algorithm produces a high resolution (HR) image from single or multiple low resolution (LR) images. This algorithm is used to overcome the limitation of imaging CMOS sensors. It is difficult to obtain a HR image by reducing the size of the sensor after a certain limit. SR technique is used in many visual applications like biological imaging, military applications and forensic investigations. It is basically an inexpensive process to enhance the resolution of an image and to extract the high-frequency information. Two different adaptive schemes are proposed here. First one focuses on minimizing the error between the actual image and the estimated image. Resolution enhancement is done here by simultaneously modeling a blurring filter to capture the degradation process as well as modeling an innovation filter to remove the blurring effects, sensor noise using adaptive Least Square technique. The second scheme incorporates the advantages of both visual quality improvement as well as the increase in PSNR by jointly using wavelet transforms and adaptive normalized Least Mean Square (NLMS) technique. Results and performances of these novel techniques are compared with other available Super Resolution methods in terms of the visual quality index like PSNR, SSIM. Numerical results indicate that these computationally efficient single image super resolution techniques are very effective in real life imaging applications as a significant improvement of visual quality is observed in the super resolved image.
{"title":"Single image super resolution using sub-band coder and adaptive filtering","authors":"M. Mondal, S. Joshi","doi":"10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394133","url":null,"abstract":"Super Resolution (SR) algorithm produces a high resolution (HR) image from single or multiple low resolution (LR) images. This algorithm is used to overcome the limitation of imaging CMOS sensors. It is difficult to obtain a HR image by reducing the size of the sensor after a certain limit. SR technique is used in many visual applications like biological imaging, military applications and forensic investigations. It is basically an inexpensive process to enhance the resolution of an image and to extract the high-frequency information. Two different adaptive schemes are proposed here. First one focuses on minimizing the error between the actual image and the estimated image. Resolution enhancement is done here by simultaneously modeling a blurring filter to capture the degradation process as well as modeling an innovation filter to remove the blurring effects, sensor noise using adaptive Least Square technique. The second scheme incorporates the advantages of both visual quality improvement as well as the increase in PSNR by jointly using wavelet transforms and adaptive normalized Least Mean Square (NLMS) technique. Results and performances of these novel techniques are compared with other available Super Resolution methods in terms of the visual quality index like PSNR, SSIM. Numerical results indicate that these computationally efficient single image super resolution techniques are very effective in real life imaging applications as a significant improvement of visual quality is observed in the super resolved image.","PeriodicalId":443423,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Circuits, Controls, and Communications (CCUBE)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115095086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-01DOI: 10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394170
Y. M. Sreesha, B. Rao, S. Jain, V. Rao
With the advent of technology, the communication has been majorly into digital domain, the modulation and demodulation schemes are mostly implemented in this domain. Also, the systems are designed to be versatile in such a way that they are capable of adapting to various changes in terms of the modulation schemes, data rates and various other parameters. In this paper, the base-band digital FM demodulator is implemented and designed to be adaptive to selective carrier frequency, frequency sensitivity and variable message frequency. FM modulation is implemented using the concept of direct method with the help of numerically controlled oscillator (NCO). Demodulation is implemented using the concept of indirect method which employs digital phase locked loop (DPLL).The Loop Filter is designed on a Microcontroller (Arduino Due 32 bit ARM) while the Phase Detector and the NCO parts of the DPLL are designed and implemented on FPGA to make the system adaptive. Such demodulators are used in satellites for Telemetry and Telecommand subsystems.
随着技术的发展，通信已主要进入数字领域，调制解调方案也大多在数字领域实现。此外，该系统被设计成具有通用性，能够适应调制方案、数据速率和各种其他参数的各种变化。本文实现并设计了基带数字调频解调器，该调频解调器具有自适应选择性载波频率、频率灵敏度和可变报文频率的特点。采用直接法的概念，借助于数控振荡器(NCO)实现调频调制。采用间接解调的概念，采用数字锁相环(DPLL)实现解调。环路滤波器在微控制器(Arduino Due 32位ARM)上设计，而鉴相器和DPLL的NCO部分在FPGA上设计和实现，使系统自适应。这种解调器用于卫星的遥测和远程指挥子系统。
{"title":"Design and implementation of baseband digital adaptive FM demodulator","authors":"Y. M. Sreesha, B. Rao, S. Jain, V. Rao","doi":"10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCUBE.2017.8394170","url":null,"abstract":"With the advent of technology, the communication has been majorly into digital domain, the modulation and demodulation schemes are mostly implemented in this domain. Also, the systems are designed to be versatile in such a way that they are capable of adapting to various changes in terms of the modulation schemes, data rates and various other parameters. In this paper, the base-band digital FM demodulator is implemented and designed to be adaptive to selective carrier frequency, frequency sensitivity and variable message frequency. FM modulation is implemented using the concept of direct method with the help of numerically controlled oscillator (NCO). Demodulation is implemented using the concept of indirect method which employs digital phase locked loop (DPLL).The Loop Filter is designed on a Microcontroller (Arduino Due 32 bit ARM) while the Phase Detector and the NCO parts of the DPLL are designed and implemented on FPGA to make the system adaptive. Such demodulators are used in satellites for Telemetry and Telecommand subsystems.","PeriodicalId":443423,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Circuits, Controls, and Communications (CCUBE)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133091516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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