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Teacher’s Use of Code-switching Types and Functions in Teaching TOEFL and IELTS Preparation Classes 教师在托福和雅思备课教学中语码转换类型和功能的运用
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.32332/joelt.v10i2.4379
Erina Andriani, Ouda Teda Ena
In English courses, TOEFL and IELTS preparation classes are opened to accommodate the students’ need in learning English skills intensively and passing those standardized tests. As the EFL students still learn the target language, teachers often code-switch to give exposure and explanation. This research aims to study the use of code-switching in English courses. The research questions posed in this study are “what are the types of code-switching used by the teacher in TOEFL and IELTS preparation classes?” and “what are the functions of code-switching in TOEFL and IELTS preparation classes?” This study used descriptive statistics with two structured observation sheets as the instruments. The results showed that the teacher uses seven types of code-switching, intersentential, intrasentential, emblematic, lexical borrowing, integrated loanword, situational, and metaphorical switching in both observed TOEFL and IELTS classes. The researcher finds the six functions of code-switching: referential, directive, expressive, phatic, metalinguistic, and pedagogical functions.  
在英语课程方面,开设托福、雅思备考班,满足学生强化英语技能学习和通过标准化考试的需要。由于学生仍在学习目的语,教师经常进行语码转换,进行暴露和解释。本研究旨在探讨语码转换在英语教学中的应用。本研究提出的研究问题是“教师在托福和雅思备课中使用的语码转换类型是什么?”以及“在托福和雅思备课中,语码转换有什么作用?”本研究采用描述性统计和两张结构化观察表作为工具。结果表明,在观察的托福和雅思课程中,教师使用了七种语码转换,即句间转换、句内转换、象征转换、词汇借用、综合外来词转换、情景转换和隐喻转换。研究者发现语码转换的六大功能:指称功能、指示功能、表达功能、语言功能、元语言功能和教学功能。
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引用次数: 0
A Survey on Translation as a Learning Strategy by EFL Higher Education Students in English Learning 英语高等教育学生在英语学习中翻译作为学习策略的调查研究
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.32332/joelt.v10i2.4809
Alfira Dewi Edelia, Ista Maharsi
Many language teachers assume that the use of translation as a learning strategy to learn a language can harm the learning processes. In contrast, many learners need translation as a learning strategy to help them understand the meanings of texts. This paper reports on the use of translation strategies in English learning by EFL higher education students at an Islamic private university. This study employed a survey study.  Data were collected from the Inventory for Translation as a Learning Strategy (ITLS) questionnaire consisting of 27 items that were adapted from Liao (2002). The participants were 97 students who enrolled in the English Education major batch of 2018 and they were randomly selected. Findings show that the most frequent strategy use of translation is the use of electronic machines and English-Indonesia and Indonesian-English dictionaries (M=4.15 and SD= 0.91). Meanwhile, the least frequent strategy use of translation is to ask questions to peers and seek to find the meaning of idioms and expressions collectively in searching for unknown or new information about the English language (M=2.63 and SD=1.14).  
许多语言教师认为使用翻译作为一种学习策略来学习语言会损害学习过程。相反,许多学习者需要翻译作为一种学习策略来帮助他们理解文本的意思。本文报道了一所伊斯兰私立大学的英语高等教育学生在英语学习中运用翻译策略的情况。本研究采用调查研究。数据收集自翻译作为学习策略调查问卷(ITLS),由27个项目组成,改编自Liao(2002)。研究对象为97名2018级英语教育专业新生,随机抽取。研究结果表明,最常见的翻译策略是使用电子机器和英-印尼语和印尼语-英语词典(M=4.15, SD= 0.91)。同时,最不常用的翻译策略是向同伴提问,集体寻找习语和短语的意义,以寻找英语语言的未知或新的信息(M=2.63, SD=1.14)。
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引用次数: 0
ICT Integration in English Foreign Language Class: Teacher's Voice in Perceptions and Barriers ICT在英语外语课堂中的整合:教师在认知与障碍中的声音
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.32332/joelt.v10i2.5168
M. Santosa, Jennet Senawati, T. Dang
This study investigates how primary English teachers integrate ICT into their English class practices in primary school settings. It specifically describes the primary English teachers in integrating ICT into their online classes and the teacher's perception of the function and challenge of integrating ICT in English language teaching. Three English teachers teaching at primary school were recruited as the participants in this study. Framed within a qualitative descriptive study, the researcher collected the data by observing and interviewing the teachers. In doing observation, the researcher used the instruments, such as video records and notes; for interviewing steps, the researcher used audio recordings. The data were analyzed using an interactive analysis model by following steps, namely transcribing, classifying, describing, and interpreting the data. This study concludes that integrating ICT into the teaching and learning process with clear instructional plans has advantages that help students in learning effectively. ICT still has challenges for teachers, like the poor state of the internet and the lack of school and home facilities. It is recommended for schools, teachers, and students be better prepared to use ICT by providing adequate internet connections and providing training to teachers or students.  
本研究旨在探讨小学英语教师如何将资讯科技融入小学英语课堂实践。具体描述了小学英语教师将信息通信技术融入在线课堂的情况,以及教师对信息通信技术融入英语教学的作用和挑战的看法。本研究以三名小学英语教师为研究对象。在定性描述性研究框架内,研究者通过观察和访谈教师来收集数据。在进行观察时,研究者使用了录像、笔记等工具;对于采访步骤,研究人员使用了录音。采用交互式分析模型对数据进行转录、分类、描述和解释。本研究认为,透过清晰的教学计划,将资讯及通讯科技融入教与学的过程,有助学生有效地学习。信息通信技术对教师来说仍然存在挑战,比如互联网状况不佳,学校和家庭设施缺乏。建议学校、教师和学生通过提供充分的互联网连接和为教师或学生提供培训,为使用信息通信技术做好更充分的准备。
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引用次数: 0
Using Data-Driven Approach to Teach Descriptive Text: A Study in High School 运用数据驱动的方法进行高中描述文本教学的研究
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.32332/joelt.v10i2.5302
Muhammad Pebriansyah Rifaldo, Annisa Laura Maretha, Intan Pradita
This paper aims to describe how data-driven learning can be applied in English classes when teaching descriptive text to senior high school students. This study was a self-observation involving 24 high school social studies students. The data were obtained from observation of student activities during learning, and the tasks carried out by students were in accordance with the basic competencies of the descriptive text material. The data were analyzed by conducting sorting the data and analyzing the sorted data by codifying and reporting the data. The results of this study showed that the application of data-driven learning with communicative learning methods can make students more confident in their abilities during the learning process. The use of data-driven learning is expected to increase students' motivation and learning abilities, especially in the field of writing.  
本文旨在描述数据驱动学习如何应用于高中英语课堂的描述性文本教学。本研究以24名高中社会学系学生为对象进行自我观察。数据是通过观察学生在学习过程中的活动获得的,学生所执行的任务与描述性文本材料的基本能力相一致。对数据进行整理,对整理后的数据进行分析,整理后的数据进行整理和报告。本研究结果表明,将数据驱动学习与交际学习相结合,可以使学生在学习过程中对自己的能力更有信心。数据驱动学习的使用有望提高学生的学习动机和学习能力,特别是在写作领域。
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引用次数: 0
Preposition Mistakes in English for Specific Purposes: The Case of Indonesian Accounting Study Program Students 特定用途英语中的介词错误:以印尼会计专业学生为例
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.32332/joelt.v10i2.4560
Agustine Mahardika, Barli Bram
Prepositions remain challenging for learners of English as a foreign language. Linguistically speaking, prepositions are part of grammar and are frequently used in speaking, listening, reading, and writing. Thus, this research investigated the mastery of English prepositions of undergraduate accounting program students of batch 2021 at a private university in Yogyakarta. The data of this quantitative research were collected through a close-ended questionnaire using Google Forms distributed to 23 students. The collected data were analyzed to identify preposition mistakes. Results showed three common problems of prepositions, namely the addition of unnecessary prepositions, omission of prepositions, and misuse of prepositions. The findings would assist students, thesis advisors, and teachers in using English prepositions grammatically, particularly in English for Specific Purposes (ESP). It is expected that future researchers utilize larger data sets to obtain more robust results of proper uses of prepositions and future researchers are expected to observe the participants directly to maximize the results of the data.    
介词对于作为外语的英语学习者来说仍然是一个挑战。从语言学上讲,介词是语法的一部分,经常用于口语、听力、阅读和写作。因此,本研究调查了日惹一所私立大学会计专业2021届本科生对英语介词的掌握情况。本定量研究的数据是通过封闭式问卷调查收集的,使用谷歌表格分发给23名学生。对收集到的数据进行分析,找出介词错误。结果表明,介词普遍存在三个问题,即添加不必要的介词、省略介词和误用介词。这些发现将有助于学生、论文指导老师和教师从语法上使用英语介词,特别是在特殊用途英语(ESP)中。期望未来的研究人员利用更大的数据集来获得介词正确使用的更稳健的结果,并期望未来的研究人员直接观察参与者以最大化数据结果。
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引用次数: 1
Development of Islamic Text-Based Reading Materials with a Genre-Based Approach 基于体裁的伊斯兰文本阅读材料的开发
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.32332/joelt.v10i2.5228
Linda Septiyana, W. Ninsiana, Eka Yuniasih, Farida Nur Laily
This study aims to develop Islamic text-based reading materials with a Genre-Based Approach as teaching materials for compulsory subjects for Islamic University students. The study used a Research and Development approach, where the data were collected through questionnaires and interviews. Qualitative data were analyzed using interactive analysis and quantitative data analysis used percentages. The research participants consisted of lecturers and 50 students from the Islamic Education Department. The data were collected through questionnaires and interviews. The result of this study indicated that designing Islamic text-based reading teaching materials with a genre-based approach is exceedingly needed. The content of the book consists of the following components: cover, preface, table of content, explanation text, recount text, descriptive text, narrative text, discussion text, hortatory text, news item text, references, and about the writer. Furthermore, the student's responses to the teaching materials designed were 0% disagreed, 13% less agreed, 52% agreed, and 35% strongly agreed. The average score is 3.22 and, if converted on a table with a scale of 4, includes it in a very good category. Therefore, an Islamic text-based reading material with a genre-based approach is worth applying by the students of the Islamic Education Department.  
本研究旨在开发以体裁为基础的伊斯兰文本阅读材料,作为伊斯兰大学学生必修科目的教材。该研究采用了研发方法,通过问卷调查和访谈收集数据。定性数据采用交互分析,定量数据采用百分比分析。研究参与者包括来自伊斯兰教育部门的讲师和50名学生。数据通过问卷调查和访谈收集。本研究结果表明,以体裁为基础的方法设计伊斯兰文本阅读教材是非常必要的。书的内容由以下几个部分组成:封面、序言、目录、说明文本、叙述文本、描述文本、叙述文本、讨论文本、提示文本、新闻条目文本、参考文献和作者简介。此外,学生对设计的教材的反应是0%不同意,13%不同意,52%同意,35%强烈同意。平均得分为3.22分,如果换算成4分的量表,就属于非常好的一类。因此,一个以伊斯兰文本为基础,以体裁为基础的阅读材料值得伊斯兰教育部门的学生应用。
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引用次数: 2
An Analysis of Convergence in Speaking Skills among the Eleventh-Graders 高二学生口语技能趋同现象分析
Pub Date : 2022-07-06 DOI: 10.32332/joelt.v10i1.4986
Tri Wahyudi, Y. A. Sari, Trisna Dinillah Harya
Communication’s objective is to deliver information from one person to another. People adapt their communication in everyday life in order to attain the purpose of communication. It can be shown which features of convergence mostly appeal appear communication-related to the reason for it. The aim of this study is to analyze the English convergence in speaking skills among the eleventh-grade students at senior high school in Lampung Tengah, Indonesia. It is especially interested in analyzing the most dominant feature of convergence and why the students have it when speaking English. In this study, a qualitative method using a case study approach was applied. The participants were chosen from a group of sixteen eleventh graders. A classroom observations sheet and interview session were used to collect the data. The result of the study shows that the most dominant feature of convergence in speaking skills among the eleventh graders at senior high school in Lampung Tengah, Indonesia is Utterance Length. Utterance length involves Listening and Clarifying. All students certainly listen to the interlocutor and are speechless while clarifying. Secondly, the reason for the eleventh graders at senior high school in Lampung Tengah, Indonesia apply convergence is to be attracted by others and evoke social status.  
沟通的目的是将信息从一个人传递给另一个人。为了达到交际的目的,人们在日常生活中调整自己的交际方式。它可以显示出收敛的哪些特征最吸引人,出现与通信相关的原因。本研究的目的是分析印尼南榜登加高中11年级学生的英语口语技能趋同情况。它特别感兴趣的是分析趋同的最主要特征以及为什么学生在说英语时具有这种特征。本研究采用个案研究的定性方法。参与者是从16名11年级学生中挑选出来的。使用课堂观察表和访谈来收集数据。研究结果表明,印度尼西亚楠榜登加高中11年级学生口语技能趋同的最显著特征是话语长度。话语长度包括倾听和澄清。所有的学生当然都在倾听对话者,并在澄清时无语。其次,印尼楠榜登加高中11年级学生申请趋同的原因是为了被他人吸引,唤起社会地位。
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引用次数: 0
Using Online Podcast as a Speaking Activity in Online Classroom 在网络课堂中运用网络播客作为口语活动
Pub Date : 2022-06-29 DOI: 10.32332/joelt.v10i1.4602
Muhamad Nova
In digital era, English educators are required to improve the quality of the learning instruction by integrating technology in learning process. Yet, challenges occur in integrating technology in speaking activity. The aim of the current study was to seek for students’ perspectives on using online podcast as a speaking activity in online classroom. The study used qualitative approach with the total of 47 English for Specific Purpose students coming from Tourism Management program participated in the study. The data were gathered through questionnaire distribution and interview and analyzed through three stages, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The result showed that most of the students perceived the online podcast as a positive activity for their speaking skill. Majority of the students admitted the use of online podcast in online classroom motivates them to practice their speaking, enhance their creativity, and improve their public speaking skill.
数字化时代要求英语教育工作者在学习过程中融入技术,提高学习教学质量。然而,在将技术融入口语活动方面存在挑战。本研究的目的是寻求学生对在线课堂使用在线播客作为口语活动的看法。本研究采用定性分析的方法,对旅游管理专业的47名特殊目的英语学生进行了研究。通过问卷调查和访谈收集数据,并通过数据还原、数据展示和得出结论三个阶段进行分析。结果显示,大多数学生认为在线播客对他们的口语技能是一种积极的活动。大多数学生承认,在网络课堂中使用网络播客可以激励他们练习口语,增强他们的创造力,提高他们的公开演讲技能。
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引用次数: 1
Developing an English Mobile App by Adapting Gender Education Values for English Language Teaching 将性别教育价值观融入英语教学,开发英语手机App
Pub Date : 2022-06-29 DOI: 10.32332/joelt.v10i1.4607
A. Adisti, Agung Guritno
The desire to promote gender equality and women’s empowerment is reflected in Indonesia as a mark of the country’s support for the global initiatives of the United Nations Millennium Declaration. In reality, the data shows that Indonesian women are still lagging compared to men in the education aspect. Hence, the values of gender education and women empowerment could be internalized in all subjects at school, one of them being English Language Teaching (ELT). This study aims at designing, developing, and adapting gender equality and women empowerment values into the mobile app for ELT for teaching descriptive text for 7th-grade students in Junior High Schools. This research implemented Research & Development which used interviews and questionnaires as the instruments. There were three stages applied in this research adopted from Thiagarajan, Semmel, and Semmel (1974) which were defined, designed, and develop. The result showed that the results of expert validation showed that this mobile app is feasible to be implemented. Furthermore, this simple mobile app can integrate the values of gender equality and women empowerment through descriptive texts in English Language Teaching for grade 7th Junior High School.
促进两性平等和赋予妇女权力的愿望反映在印度尼西亚,标志着该国支持《联合国千年宣言》的全球倡议。实际上,数据显示,印尼女性在教育方面仍然落后于男性。因此,性别教育和妇女赋权的价值观可以内化到学校的所有科目中,英语语言教学就是其中之一。本研究旨在设计、开发并将性别平等和妇女赋权价值观融入到用于初中七年级学生描述性文本教学的英语教学移动应用程序中。本研究采用访谈和问卷调查为工具进行研究与开发。本研究采用Thiagarajan, Semmel和Semmel(1974)的三个阶段,分别是定义、设计和开发。结果表明,专家验证的结果表明,该移动应用程序是可行的。此外,这款简单的手机应用程序可以通过描述性文本将性别平等和妇女赋权的价值观融入初中七年级英语教学中。
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引用次数: 0
English Digital Literacy Practices Inside and Outside Class to Develop Students’ Speaking Skills 课堂内外的英语数字素养实践,培养学生的口语能力
Pub Date : 2022-06-29 DOI: 10.32332/joelt.v10i1.3790
Nor Amalia Khairunnisa, M. A. Rahman, Ciptro Handrianto
The development of technology has initiated new teaching systems. In teaching speaking, there are issues about whether the students should learn in the class or outside of the class using technology. This article describes the practice of students' digital English literacy practice at SMAN Kapuas to study this digital practice's pedagogical potential when students interact directly or through social networks such as live streaming on YouTube or Instagram, video calls, or chatting with friends. A mixed-method study using questionnaires and interviews analyzed deeper and richer data. The results show that many sentences were still wrong when spoken in class. However, they can understand speaking lessons based on digital literacy, which they play or watch outside of the class. This implied that students should be instructed in alternative speaking methods. They may enhance their speaking abilities more purposefully, carefully, and often by using suitable language acquisition tools outside of the class.  
技术的发展催生了新的教学体系。在口语教学中,存在着学生应该在课堂上还是在课堂外使用技术学习的问题。本文描述了斯曼卡普亚斯学生数字英语素养实践的实践,以研究当学生直接或通过社交网络(如YouTube或Instagram上的直播、视频通话或与朋友聊天)进行互动时,这种数字实践的教学潜力。采用问卷调查和访谈的混合方法研究分析了更深入、更丰富的数据。结果表明,在课堂上说错话时,仍然有许多句子是错误的。然而,他们可以理解基于数字素养的口语课程,他们在课外玩或看这些课程。这意味着学生应该学习其他的说话方法。他们可以更有目的地、更仔细地、经常在课外使用合适的语言习得工具来提高自己的口语能力。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Pedagogy : Journal of English Language Teaching
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