Pub Date : 2017-12-06DOI: 10.30554/archmed.17.2.2159.2017
F. Tobón, Cristina Botero Fonnegra, M. Velásquez, Doris Cardona Arango, M. Mejía
Objective. To describe previous knowledge, approach and management of intoxications by new drugs of abuse in emergency services in a subgroup of future general doctors and Emergency Medicine specialists in order to justify the inclusion of this subject in the different study programs of such future profesionals. Materials and methods. Observational study in which a survey was answered by 89 last year medical students and emergency medicine residents of a private university in the city of Medellin in the year 2016. Questions about mechanisms of action, clinical syndromes, diagnosis and treatment of intoxications caused by the most frequent emerging drugs of abuse in the emergency department were made. Data was processed in a statistical package and analized with frequency measurements. Results. Global knowledge about these new drugs was categorized as low, both in the last year medical students and emergency medicine residents groups. As for the approach questions, an intermediate level was found in the resident’s group, whereas the last year medical student’s group got a low level of knowledge. The same results were found in the management questions for each group. Conclussion . This study shows the need to include this subject as part of the educational programs of undergraduate studies and postgraduate studies in emergency medicine in the city.
{"title":"Conocimiento, abordaje y manejo de drogas emergentes en servicios de urgencias de medellín, colombia","authors":"F. Tobón, Cristina Botero Fonnegra, M. Velásquez, Doris Cardona Arango, M. Mejía","doi":"10.30554/archmed.17.2.2159.2017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30554/archmed.17.2.2159.2017","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To describe previous knowledge, approach and management of intoxications by new drugs of abuse in emergency services in a subgroup of future general doctors and Emergency Medicine specialists in order to justify the inclusion of this subject in the different study programs of such future profesionals. Materials and methods. Observational study in which a survey was answered by 89 last year medical students and emergency medicine residents of a private university in the city of Medellin in the year 2016. Questions about mechanisms of action, clinical syndromes, diagnosis and treatment of intoxications caused by the most frequent emerging drugs of abuse in the emergency department were made. Data was processed in a statistical package and analized with frequency measurements. Results. Global knowledge about these new drugs was categorized as low, both in the last year medical students and emergency medicine residents groups. As for the approach questions, an intermediate level was found in the resident’s group, whereas the last year medical student’s group got a low level of knowledge. The same results were found in the management questions for each group. Conclussion . This study shows the need to include this subject as part of the educational programs of undergraduate studies and postgraduate studies in emergency medicine in the city.","PeriodicalId":44458,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de Medicina","volume":"17 1","pages":"259-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45530826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-06DOI: 10.30554/ARCHMED.17.2.2195.2017
S. D. Cárdenas, César Herrera Zárate, M. M. Redondo, Arleth Hernández Alvarez
Objective : Estimate association between family health, sociodemographic characteristics and special conditions in patients attended at clinic Cartagena (Colombia). Materials and methods : A Cross-sectional analytic study was conducted in 150 patients of the Special Adult Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Cartagena, 2011-2015. A questionnaire was designed and applied to investigate sociodemographic variables (age, sex, schooling), prevalence of special conditions and family health (type of family, presence of extra familiar resources [eco-map] and family functionality [family APGAR]). Descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages), estimation of associations through OR and multinomial logistic regression with 95% confidence intervals mediated regression analyses were performed. Results: The multivariate model that best explain the family health in persons with special conditions are: 1) Living in non-nuclear families : death of a child of 5 years or less in the last year (OR=10,97, IC 95%= 3,34-36,01), consumption of alcohol /drugs (OR= 7,95; IC 95%= 2,54-24,87), unresolved medical treatments and surgeries (OR= 3,31; IC 95%= 1,01-10,89), 2) Families without extrafamiliar resources : to be more than 60 years old (OR= 0,20; IC 95 %:0,090-0,45), unemployed Family Head (OR= 7,81; IC 95%= 2,87-21,24) and public health services (OR: 0,18; IC 95 %: 0,06-0,52) and 3) Family dysfunction : hospitalization in the last year (OR= 6,28; IC 95%= 1,76-22,38). Conclusions: Living in non-nuclear families, without extrafamiliar resources and family dysfunction in persons with special conditions can compromise the prognosis and management of their diseases.
{"title":"Asociación entre Salud Familiar, Caracteristicas Sociodemograficas y Condiciones especiales en pacientes atendidos en una Clinica de Cartagena","authors":"S. D. Cárdenas, César Herrera Zárate, M. M. Redondo, Arleth Hernández Alvarez","doi":"10.30554/ARCHMED.17.2.2195.2017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30554/ARCHMED.17.2.2195.2017","url":null,"abstract":"Objective : Estimate association between family health, sociodemographic characteristics and special conditions in patients attended at clinic Cartagena (Colombia). Materials and methods : A Cross-sectional analytic study was conducted in 150 patients of the Special Adult Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Cartagena, 2011-2015. A questionnaire was designed and applied to investigate sociodemographic variables (age, sex, schooling), prevalence of special conditions and family health (type of family, presence of extra familiar resources [eco-map] and family functionality [family APGAR]). Descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages), estimation of associations through OR and multinomial logistic regression with 95% confidence intervals mediated regression analyses were performed. Results: The multivariate model that best explain the family health in persons with special conditions are: 1) Living in non-nuclear families : death of a child of 5 years or less in the last year (OR=10,97, IC 95%= 3,34-36,01), consumption of alcohol /drugs (OR= 7,95; IC 95%= 2,54-24,87), unresolved medical treatments and surgeries (OR= 3,31; IC 95%= 1,01-10,89), 2) Families without extrafamiliar resources : to be more than 60 years old (OR= 0,20; IC 95 %:0,090-0,45), unemployed Family Head (OR= 7,81; IC 95%= 2,87-21,24) and public health services (OR: 0,18; IC 95 %: 0,06-0,52) and 3) Family dysfunction : hospitalization in the last year (OR= 6,28; IC 95%= 1,76-22,38). Conclusions: Living in non-nuclear families, without extrafamiliar resources and family dysfunction in persons with special conditions can compromise the prognosis and management of their diseases.","PeriodicalId":44458,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de Medicina","volume":"17 1","pages":"290-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44673316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-06DOI: 10.30554/ARCHMED.17.2.1979.2017
N. E. A. Suarez, Diego Andres Abril, Vilma Moreno Melo
Objective: to assess water quality in small and medium livestock farms from the Sumapaz region. Materials and methods : 50 mL of water were collected in sterile bags, for determination of microbial contamination, presence of mesophilic aerobes, total coliforms, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas sp. According to law 1575/2007 from The Ministry of Health. Results: microbial contamination was determined in 16 (66,7%) out of 24 farms. Altogether with presence of mesophilic aerobes, total coliforms, Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp in at least 25% of the evaluated farms. Conclusions: findings suggest that water could represent a source of microbial contamination for human health, livestock production and market chain of dairy and meat products in the Sumapaz province.
{"title":"Evaluación de la calidad del agua para uso agropecuario en predios ganaderos localizados en la región del Sumapaz (Cundinamarca, Colombia)","authors":"N. E. A. Suarez, Diego Andres Abril, Vilma Moreno Melo","doi":"10.30554/ARCHMED.17.2.1979.2017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30554/ARCHMED.17.2.1979.2017","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to assess water quality in small and medium livestock farms from the Sumapaz region. Materials and methods : 50 mL of water were collected in sterile bags, for determination of microbial contamination, presence of mesophilic aerobes, total coliforms, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas sp. According to law 1575/2007 from The Ministry of Health. Results: microbial contamination was determined in 16 (66,7%) out of 24 farms. Altogether with presence of mesophilic aerobes, total coliforms, Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp in at least 25% of the evaluated farms. Conclusions: findings suggest that water could represent a source of microbial contamination for human health, livestock production and market chain of dairy and meat products in the Sumapaz province.","PeriodicalId":44458,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de Medicina","volume":"17 1","pages":"319-325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48546518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-06DOI: 10.30554/ARCHMED.17.2.2046.2017
Enrique Gea Izquierdo
Objectiv e: analyze the development of the disease in Spain during the years 1997-2002, by raw numbers, and their relationship with the European Surveillance Scheme for Travel Associated Legionnaires' Disease. Legionellosis is a respiratory disease that can be fatal. In Spain it is considered notifiable since 1995. In 1986 The European Working Group for Legionella Infections was established and following year the European Surveillance Scheme for Travel Associated Legionnaires' Disease. Materials and methods : Descriptive study by cases, outbreaks and deaths collection (period 1997-2002) from the reports of the National Epidemiology Center. Results: Community exposure, nosocomial infection and travel-acquired infection is determined. The last affects at total value in all scenes and especially outbreaks, cases and deaths in 1997, 1998 and 2000. Great records for the disease in the period occurred at 2002 (62 outbreaks), 2001 (772 cases) and 2000 (25 deaths). Conclusions : epidemiological surveillance is a valuable tool for the prevention and control of legionellosis. Time series analysis can display significant information about the evolution of disease and sources of development of biological agent.
{"title":"Legionelosis asociada con viajes en España, serie 1997-2002","authors":"Enrique Gea Izquierdo","doi":"10.30554/ARCHMED.17.2.2046.2017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30554/ARCHMED.17.2.2046.2017","url":null,"abstract":"Objectiv e: analyze the development of the disease in Spain during the years 1997-2002, by raw numbers, and their relationship with the European Surveillance Scheme for Travel Associated Legionnaires' Disease. Legionellosis is a respiratory disease that can be fatal. In Spain it is considered notifiable since 1995. In 1986 The European Working Group for Legionella Infections was established and following year the European Surveillance Scheme for Travel Associated Legionnaires' Disease. Materials and methods : Descriptive study by cases, outbreaks and deaths collection (period 1997-2002) from the reports of the National Epidemiology Center. Results: Community exposure, nosocomial infection and travel-acquired infection is determined. The last affects at total value in all scenes and especially outbreaks, cases and deaths in 1997, 1998 and 2000. Great records for the disease in the period occurred at 2002 (62 outbreaks), 2001 (772 cases) and 2000 (25 deaths). Conclusions : epidemiological surveillance is a valuable tool for the prevention and control of legionellosis. Time series analysis can display significant information about the evolution of disease and sources of development of biological agent.","PeriodicalId":44458,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de Medicina","volume":"17 1","pages":"251-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48558734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-15DOI: 10.30554/ARCHMED.17.2.2408.2017
F. Manrique-Abril, Rafael Ignacio Quintero Burgos, Giomar Maritza Herrera Amaya
Objective: To determine the correlation between total salivary proteins and salivary lactate with blood lactate concentrations in cyclists, as a starting point to construct a non-invasive blood lactate measurement model. In high performance athletes it is of great interest to know the behavior and concentration of lactate in different levels of physical stress, since it is the best metabolic indicator of the effort. Materials and methods: it is a quantitative design of correlational descriptive type, an analysis of repeated measures was applied for the variables of laboratory study, heart rate, concentration of lactate and proteins in saliva, and lactate in blood. Population and sample: Eight bikers from the pre-juvenile team of Boyaca participated voluntarily. Results: the blood lactate at rest 2.70 ± 0.74 mmol / l, at maximum effort 14.60 ± 3.39 mmol / l and in recovery 12.59 ± 3.08 mmol / l agree with the results of other investigations. Protein concentrations were given from 0.22 ± 0.16 mg / dl and 50.75 ± 29.05 mg / dl respectively up to 0.46 ± 0.15 15.71mg / dl and 76.34 ± 15.71mg / dl, with a partially uniform behavior among them, but without linear increase as observed in blood and salivary lactate concentrations versus exercise intensity. Conclusions: Blood lactate correlated very well with salivary lactate, which can be a useful biomarker in the control of exercise intensity.
{"title":"Lactato sanguíneo a partir de biomarcadores salivales. Un estudio con indicadores fisiológicos en ciclistas de la ciudad de Tunja (Colombia) durante prueba de esfuerzo","authors":"F. Manrique-Abril, Rafael Ignacio Quintero Burgos, Giomar Maritza Herrera Amaya","doi":"10.30554/ARCHMED.17.2.2408.2017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30554/ARCHMED.17.2.2408.2017","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the correlation between total salivary proteins and salivary lactate with blood lactate concentrations in cyclists, as a starting point to construct a non-invasive blood lactate measurement model. In high performance athletes it is of great interest to know the behavior and concentration of lactate in different levels of physical stress, since it is the best metabolic indicator of the effort. Materials and methods: it is a quantitative design of correlational descriptive type, an analysis of repeated measures was applied for the variables of laboratory study, heart rate, concentration of lactate and proteins in saliva, and lactate in blood. Population and sample: Eight bikers from the pre-juvenile team of Boyaca participated voluntarily. Results: the blood lactate at rest 2.70 ± 0.74 mmol / l, at maximum effort 14.60 ± 3.39 mmol / l and in recovery 12.59 ± 3.08 mmol / l agree with the results of other investigations. Protein concentrations were given from 0.22 ± 0.16 mg / dl and 50.75 ± 29.05 mg / dl respectively up to 0.46 ± 0.15 15.71mg / dl and 76.34 ± 15.71mg / dl, with a partially uniform behavior among them, but without linear increase as observed in blood and salivary lactate concentrations versus exercise intensity. Conclusions: Blood lactate correlated very well with salivary lactate, which can be a useful biomarker in the control of exercise intensity.","PeriodicalId":44458,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de Medicina","volume":"17 1","pages":"379-390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47725772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-30DOI: 10.30554/ARCHMED.17.1.1913.2017
L. Garreta, E. M. Gómez, V. Villa, María Cristina Correa Duque, M. García
Objective: To describe characteristics of sexual abuse in women aged 10 to 13 in Valle del Cauca reported through the public health system. Materials and methods : A cross-sectional observational study, the target population was women between 10 and 13 years old victims of sexual abuse notified to the public health surveillance system of the department of Valle del Cauca. Through secondary analysis, sociodemographic characteristics of the victim, information of the aggressor and information related to the event were evaluated. Results: 7.991 cases of violence were reported, 1,753 were related to sexual abuse, 431 records were selected from women aged 10 to 13. 17.9% of the victims were Afro-descendants, 58.2% belonged to the subsidized regime, and 6.3% had no affiliation. 75.9% were students and 15.1% lived in rural areas. The average age of the perpetrators was 24.9 years, 94.1% were male and 94% were known persons. Conclusions: Sexual abuse mainly affects people with low social and economic conditions. The majority of perpetrators are underage persons usually with family ties. It is imperative to strengthen the comprehensive health care provided to victims and complementarity with the justice and protection sectors.
{"title":"Abuso sexual en mujeres de 10 a 13 años en el Valle del Cauca, Colombia.","authors":"L. Garreta, E. M. Gómez, V. Villa, María Cristina Correa Duque, M. García","doi":"10.30554/ARCHMED.17.1.1913.2017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30554/ARCHMED.17.1.1913.2017","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To describe characteristics of sexual abuse in women aged 10 to 13 in Valle del Cauca reported through the public health system. Materials and methods : A cross-sectional observational study, the target population was women between 10 and 13 years old victims of sexual abuse notified to the public health surveillance system of the department of Valle del Cauca. Through secondary analysis, sociodemographic characteristics of the victim, information of the aggressor and information related to the event were evaluated. Results: 7.991 cases of violence were reported, 1,753 were related to sexual abuse, 431 records were selected from women aged 10 to 13. 17.9% of the victims were Afro-descendants, 58.2% belonged to the subsidized regime, and 6.3% had no affiliation. 75.9% were students and 15.1% lived in rural areas. The average age of the perpetrators was 24.9 years, 94.1% were male and 94% were known persons. Conclusions: Sexual abuse mainly affects people with low social and economic conditions. The majority of perpetrators are underage persons usually with family ties. It is imperative to strengthen the comprehensive health care provided to victims and complementarity with the justice and protection sectors.","PeriodicalId":44458,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de Medicina","volume":"17 1","pages":"121-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48677893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-30DOI: 10.30554/ARCHMED.17.1.1559.2017
Silvia Catalina Corrales Martínez, Doris M. Salgado
Objective: To perform a systematic review on dengue virus infection (DENV), with cardiovascular involvement, in the pediatric population, in order to describe and establish useful criteria for diagnosis and management. Methods: In a database search, Embase, Medline, PubMed, The Cochrane Library and LILACS. With limits and keywords that included randomized clinical trials and cardiovascular involvement in viral infection by DENV. Conclusions: DENV infection with myocardial compromise in pediatrics is a great clinical challenge. It presents multiple manifestations, where clinical suspicion, the different evolution and course of the disease together with the use and interpretation of diagnostic tests different from Biopsy, may throw clues or divert attention from the actual organ involvement observed. The pathophysiology of myocardial compromise beyond shock in the pediatric patient should be understood in order to perform its evaluation. The possibility of dilated cardiomyopathy should be taken into account in DENV and refractory shock, associated with signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure. Early detection, immediate resuscitation, entry into the intensive care unit, and avoidance of aggressive intravenous fluid therapy are crucial life-saving measures and can improve patient survival. Adequate classification and diagnostic criteria define the essential management of support, avoiding fatal results.
{"title":"Miocarditis en la infección viral del dengue en pediatría.","authors":"Silvia Catalina Corrales Martínez, Doris M. Salgado","doi":"10.30554/ARCHMED.17.1.1559.2017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30554/ARCHMED.17.1.1559.2017","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To perform a systematic review on dengue virus infection (DENV), with cardiovascular involvement, in the pediatric population, in order to describe and establish useful criteria for diagnosis and management. Methods: In a database search, Embase, Medline, PubMed, The Cochrane Library and LILACS. With limits and keywords that included randomized clinical trials and cardiovascular involvement in viral infection by DENV. Conclusions: DENV infection with myocardial compromise in pediatrics is a great clinical challenge. It presents multiple manifestations, where clinical suspicion, the different evolution and course of the disease together with the use and interpretation of diagnostic tests different from Biopsy, may throw clues or divert attention from the actual organ involvement observed. The pathophysiology of myocardial compromise beyond shock in the pediatric patient should be understood in order to perform its evaluation. The possibility of dilated cardiomyopathy should be taken into account in DENV and refractory shock, associated with signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure. Early detection, immediate resuscitation, entry into the intensive care unit, and avoidance of aggressive intravenous fluid therapy are crucial life-saving measures and can improve patient survival. Adequate classification and diagnostic criteria define the essential management of support, avoiding fatal results.","PeriodicalId":44458,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de Medicina","volume":"17 1","pages":"160-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47909862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-30DOI: 10.30554/ARCHMED.17.1.1699.2017
A. Isaza, F. S. Cano
Introduction: The coronary diseases, especially the acute coronary syndromes, gather a group of entities that lead to high mortality rates among older patients, who represent a very important population in epidemiological terms, given their characteristic diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties, which can be explained by the poor amount of studies and a low representation at clinical trials, thus generating great doubts in daily clinical practice. Objective: To describe the most updated and relevant aspects in acute coronary syndrome in the old patient, emphasizing in the diagnostic process and its variations, and therapeutic considerations based on last available scientific evidence. Methodology: A systematic review of literature about acute coronary syndrome in the old patient published in last 20 years, from 1996 to 2016 was performed, in data bases Pubmed and Embase during December 2015 and January 2016. Articles in English and Spanish were included. The studies were excluded based on abstracts assessment. Conclusion: The old patients represent a very highly heterogeneous group which presents multiple physiological cardiovascular changes, generating important variations in symptomatology of acute coronary syndrome. Their representation among different clinical trials remains being poor, which turns very difficult making decisions in clinical practice. More studies are required in order to achieve the most optimal management in the old patient.
{"title":"Síndrome coronario agudo en el anciano: evaluación, diagnóstico y tratamiento.","authors":"A. Isaza, F. S. Cano","doi":"10.30554/ARCHMED.17.1.1699.2017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30554/ARCHMED.17.1.1699.2017","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The coronary diseases, especially the acute coronary syndromes, gather a group of entities that lead to high mortality rates among older patients, who represent a very important population in epidemiological terms, given their characteristic diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties, which can be explained by the poor amount of studies and a low representation at clinical trials, thus generating great doubts in daily clinical practice. Objective: To describe the most updated and relevant aspects in acute coronary syndrome in the old patient, emphasizing in the diagnostic process and its variations, and therapeutic considerations based on last available scientific evidence. Methodology: A systematic review of literature about acute coronary syndrome in the old patient published in last 20 years, from 1996 to 2016 was performed, in data bases Pubmed and Embase during December 2015 and January 2016. Articles in English and Spanish were included. The studies were excluded based on abstracts assessment. Conclusion: The old patients represent a very highly heterogeneous group which presents multiple physiological cardiovascular changes, generating important variations in symptomatology of acute coronary syndrome. Their representation among different clinical trials remains being poor, which turns very difficult making decisions in clinical practice. More studies are required in order to achieve the most optimal management in the old patient.","PeriodicalId":44458,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de Medicina","volume":"17 1","pages":"131-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41869123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-30DOI: 10.30554/ARCHMED.17.1.1901.2017
L. Sánchez, J. Sarmiento, E. Díaz, Sara Rendón Villa, Esteban Onésimo Vallejo Agudelo, D. G. González, J. Cárdenas, L. I. J. Jaramillo, M. A. R. Gázquez, J. Trujillo
Objective: to determine the clinical and epidemiological profile of non-infectious ocular diseases in indigenous populations of Choco, Colombia. Materials and Methods: transversal descriptive study, in indigenous communities of the Asociacion de Cabildos Indigenas Embera, Wounaan, Katio, Chami and Tule in 2015. Sampling was not performed, indigenous leaders over the age of 18, without infectious eye diseases were evaluated and decided to voluntarily participate by informed consent. A questionnaire was designed to register demographic and opthalmologic variables variables. Results: 46 indigenous people were evaluated, with an average age of 34,2 ± 9,5 years, 69,6% were men, 21,7% were Embera Dobida, 56,5% had completed secondary education and 23,9% worked in the education area. 82,6% of the participants presented normal visual acuity, 15,2% presented visual deficit and none had severe visual impairment or blindness. Conjunctival alterations were found in 56,5% and alterations in the coverage test in 58,6%, with endotropia and endophoria being the most frequent findings. No alterations were found in the assessment of ocular mobility, tonometry, campimetry, or ocular fundus. Conclusions: acceptable levels of vision and ophthalmological health were found among the evaluated population, which do not represent considerable limitations for their daily work, but could potentially cause them. Endotropia and conjunctival alterations correspond to the most frequent findings.
{"title":"Perfil clínico y epidemiológico de las enfermedades oculares no infecciosas en comunidades indígenas de Chocó, Colombia.","authors":"L. Sánchez, J. Sarmiento, E. Díaz, Sara Rendón Villa, Esteban Onésimo Vallejo Agudelo, D. G. González, J. Cárdenas, L. I. J. Jaramillo, M. A. R. Gázquez, J. Trujillo","doi":"10.30554/ARCHMED.17.1.1901.2017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30554/ARCHMED.17.1.1901.2017","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to determine the clinical and epidemiological profile of non-infectious ocular diseases in indigenous populations of Choco, Colombia. Materials and Methods: transversal descriptive study, in indigenous communities of the Asociacion de Cabildos Indigenas Embera, Wounaan, Katio, Chami and Tule in 2015. Sampling was not performed, indigenous leaders over the age of 18, without infectious eye diseases were evaluated and decided to voluntarily participate by informed consent. A questionnaire was designed to register demographic and opthalmologic variables variables. Results: 46 indigenous people were evaluated, with an average age of 34,2 ± 9,5 years, 69,6% were men, 21,7% were Embera Dobida, 56,5% had completed secondary education and 23,9% worked in the education area. 82,6% of the participants presented normal visual acuity, 15,2% presented visual deficit and none had severe visual impairment or blindness. Conjunctival alterations were found in 56,5% and alterations in the coverage test in 58,6%, with endotropia and endophoria being the most frequent findings. No alterations were found in the assessment of ocular mobility, tonometry, campimetry, or ocular fundus. Conclusions: acceptable levels of vision and ophthalmological health were found among the evaluated population, which do not represent considerable limitations for their daily work, but could potentially cause them. Endotropia and conjunctival alterations correspond to the most frequent findings.","PeriodicalId":44458,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de Medicina","volume":"17 1","pages":"91-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45091504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-30DOI: 10.30554/ARCHMED.17.1.1928.2017
C. E. Hoyos, Maria Fernanda Mercado Díaz, Asdrúbal Miranda Fontalvo
Introduction: Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of acute surgical abdomen, whose clinical manifestations depend on many factors, including the anatomical position of the vermiform appendix. In the last decade several publications report a great discrepancy in the percentages of location, changing the incidence figures of classic positions previously published. We present the case of a male patient with acute appendicitis complicated with intraoperative findings of the postileal appendix. Case record: Male patient in the second decade of life, who comes to the emergency service due to a clinical symptom of colic type abdominal pain in right iliac fossa associated whit anorexia, nausea, emesis, whose paraclinics and Alvarado scale score suggestive of an acute abdomen inflammatory type secondary to a complicated acute appendicitis, motivate a surgical management. The intraoperative findings make the definitive diagnosis of acute postileal appendicitis in gangrenous stage. Conclusion: Acute appendicitis in the most common cause of acute surgical abdomen and the most frequent medical emergency surgery performed in a general hospital. It may present atypical because of variations in intraabdominal localization, which have changed in frequency as demonstrated by several studies in the last decade, thus highlighting the importance of diagnosis suspicion and the use of validated predictive scales for its early diagnosis and timely treatment.
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