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Umwelt in an umwelt: Co-developing within immersive virtual environments and the paradoxical nature of reality and hyperreality 虚拟世界中的虚拟世界:在沉浸式虚拟环境中共同发展,以及现实和超现实的矛盾本质
1区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.12697/sss.2023.51.1.03
Alec Kozicki
This paper examines how to model immersive virtual environments using Kalevi Kull’s ecosemiotic model of four degrees of nature. Using this theoretical model allows for an investigation into the paradoxical nature of reality and hyperreality, which is a novel approach to understanding how a user co-develops with both their physical and immersive virtual environments. Analysis for the four degrees of nature within the virtual space reveals that an immersive virtual environment emerges from an imaginative void, contains milieu that users can recognize and interact with, offers the action-potentiality (affordances) for altering and changing materials within the virtual space, and the reproductive nature which converges the boundaries of reality and hyperreality during the meaning-making process for users. Additionally, this paper elaborates how technological household goods in the past century have integrated texts into the cultural construct of a home. The paper identifies how immersive virtual environments alter an inhabitant’s perception and interactions within the home and explains how to model immersion, which is important for future research of user behaviour in the digital age of new media.
本文探讨了如何使用Kalevi Kull的四度自然生态模型来模拟沉浸式虚拟环境。使用这个理论模型可以对现实和超现实的矛盾本质进行调查,这是一种理解用户如何与他们的物理和沉浸式虚拟环境共同发展的新方法。对虚拟空间内的四度自然进行分析,发现沉浸式虚拟环境从想象的虚空中浮现出来,包含了用户可以识别和互动的环境,为虚拟空间内改变和改变材料提供了行动潜能(能力),以及在用户意义创造过程中融合现实和超现实边界的再现性。此外,本文还阐述了过去一个世纪的科技家居产品是如何将文本融入到家庭的文化建构中。本文确定了沉浸式虚拟环境如何改变居民在家中的感知和互动,并解释了如何模拟沉浸,这对未来研究新媒体数字时代的用户行为很重要。
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引用次数: 0
Meanings for the degrowth society: From the Great Acceleration to the semiosis of the living 去生长社会的意义:从大加速到生者的符号化
1区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.12697/sss.2023.51.1.07
T. Maran
The global ecological crisis has often been related to the so-called Great Acceleration, i.e. the rapid growth of many social metrics (population size, gross domestic product, energy usage, etc.) from the mid-20th century onwards. The degrowth movement has opposed the great economic expansion by advocating for a simplified society and decreased human use of energy and natural resources. In this paper, I will analyse the semiotic aspects of this process as a semiotic acceleration, and argue that transformation into the degrowth society can be supported by the restructuration of human semiotic systems towards more coherence and better connectivity with ecological processes. The semiotic acceleration manifests as a massive multiplication and spread of abstract signs and information content that is detached from ecological and material processes, and lacks value-based organization. To support the degrowth transformation, I propose the semiosis of the living as an understanding that significance arises first and foremost from semiotic participation in specific lived ecologies (cultural, ecological, and material), placement and rootedness of the given act of semiosis in the particular semiotic fabric and the unfolding of the world. The semiosis of the living re-grounds the human semiotic processes in the patterns of iconic and indexical relations shared by humans and non-human species alike.
全球生态危机通常与所谓的大加速有关,即从20世纪中期开始,许多社会指标(人口规模、国内生产总值、能源使用等)的快速增长。退化运动反对大的经济扩张,主张简化社会,减少人类对能源和自然资源的使用。在本文中,我将分析这一过程的符号学方面,将其作为符号学的加速,并认为人类符号系统的重组可以支持向衰退社会的转型,使其与生态过程更加一致和更好地连接。符号加速表现为抽象符号和信息内容的大规模增殖和传播,脱离了生态和物质过程,缺乏基于价值的组织。为了支持退化转变,我提出了生活的符号化,即意义首先来自于符号学对特定生活生态(文化、生态和物质)的参与,符号化行为在特定符号结构中的位置和根源,以及世界的展开。生命的符号化以人类和非人类物种共有的标志性和指数性关系模式重新奠定了人类符号学过程的基础。
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引用次数: 1
From avoiding uncertainty to accepting it: Semiotic modelling of history education at the limits of knowledge 从回避不确定性到接受不确定性:知识极限下历史教育的符号学建模
1区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.12697/sss.2023.51.1.01
Merit Rickberg
This article explicates how different approaches to teaching history can enforce diverse strategies for dealing with uncertainty. Descriptions of three types of historical pedagogy are analysed as three kinds of modelling systems derived from Juri Lotman’s theory of semiotics of culture: myth-type modelling, scientific modelling, and play-type modelling. The paper argues that the connection between pedagogical approaches and uncertainty, as an experience that occurs at the limits of knowledge, can be modelled as the relation between a semiotic system and its boundary. The nature of this relation can differ depending on how the division between the internal and external space of the semiotic entity is perceived. Different types of modelling systems establish distinct patterns in order to deal with the indeterminacy of the borderland area. In the process of learning, these patterns can be viewed as semiotic strategies that various pedagogical approaches enforce when arriving at the limits of knowledge and facing the situation of indeterminacy that can cause students to experience uncertainty. Three different strategies are discussed in the context of history education: avoiding uncertainty in the case of the collective memory approach, addressing uncertainty in the case of the disciplinary approach, and accepting uncertainty in the case of the post-modern approach to teaching history.
本文阐述了不同的历史教学方法如何实施不同的策略来应对不确定性。对三种类型的历史教育学的描述被分析为源自尤里·洛特曼文化符号学理论的三种建模系统:神话型建模、科学型建模和游戏型建模。本文认为,教学方法与不确定性之间的联系,作为一种发生在知识极限的体验,可以被建模为符号系统与其边界之间的关系。这种关系的性质可能会因如何感知符号实体的内部空间和外部空间之间的划分而有所不同。不同类型的建模系统建立了不同的模式,以应对边境地区的不确定性。在学习过程中,这些模式可以被视为各种教学方法在达到知识极限并面临可能导致学生体验不确定性的不确定性情况时所实施的符号策略。在历史教育的背景下,讨论了三种不同的策略:在集体记忆方法的情况下避免不确定性,在学科方法的情况中解决不确定性,以及在后现代历史教学方法的情况上接受不确定性。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the nature and strength of the semiotic relation: A case study about liminal species in Tartu 探讨符号关系的本质和强度——以塔尔图地区阈限物种为例
1区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.12697/sss.2023.51.1.05
P. Delahaye
The case study described in this paper is part of an emerging cultural context in both its scientific as well as societal aspects, where animals are seen more and more as social and ethical subjects and their presence in the vicinity of humans is seen less and less as a nuisance to be eradicated. It aims to understand the different aspects (material inconveniences, emotional relationships, symbolic value, biodiversity perception, etc.) that hold sway in the relationship between humans and other species in an environment still symbolically seen as separate from any natural process, containing very little biodiversity, and belonging exclusively to humans. This study aims to map out the shared urban ecosystem and show that many of the relationships, coexistence issues, and failures in urban management are connected to semiotic processes that can be transformed. One of the major results of this case study is the emergence of the concept of ‘resistance of the semiotic relation’: the fact that some semiotic relationships, especially symbolic ones, seem to resist any element or piece of evidence that could be proposed to contradict them. This concept postulates that not all semiotic relations have the same strength or the same resistance to exterior attempts to modify them, and that potential semiotic solutions proposed to improve semiotic relationships, for example in cohabitation situations, need to address this reality and the variety of resistance – or resilience – of different semiotic relations.
本文中描述的案例研究是新兴文化背景的一部分,无论是在科学方面还是在社会方面,动物越来越被视为社会和伦理主体,它们在人类附近的存在越来越少被视为需要根除的滋扰。它旨在理解人类与其他物种之间关系的不同方面(物质不便,情感关系,象征价值,生物多样性感知等),这些方面仍然象征性地被视为与任何自然过程分开,包含很少的生物多样性,并且完全属于人类。本研究旨在绘制出共享的城市生态系统,并表明城市管理中的许多关系、共存问题和失败都与可以转化的符号过程有关。这个案例研究的主要结果之一是“符号关系的抵抗”概念的出现:一些符号关系,特别是符号关系,似乎抵制任何可能提出的与它们相矛盾的元素或证据。这一概念假设,并非所有的符号关系都具有相同的强度或对外部试图修改它们的相同抵抗,并且提出的潜在的符号解决方案,以改善符号关系,例如在同居情况下,需要解决这一现实以及不同符号关系的各种抵抗-或弹性。
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引用次数: 1
The ontological primacy of umwelt 世界的本体论首要性
1区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.12697/sss.2023.51.1.04
Silver Rattasepp
Where do the basic composite parts of an umwelt – the organism and the environment – come from? Customarily, in umwelt theory, the emphasis is on their mutual co-construction or constitution through functional cycles. But another question could be added to this inquiry: what is the origin, the genesis of organisms and their environments which are now to be indivisibly united once again? On the basis of the transactional conception of relations proposed by John Dewey, the concept of schismogenesis as described by Gregory Bateson, and the process of individuation as explicated by Gilbert Simondon, it is proposed that it is the umwelt which is ontologically primary, and that it is its internal division, separation and individuation, which results in the appearance of organisms with their environments.
自然界的基本组成部分——有机体和环境——来自哪里?通常,在umwelt理论中,重点是它们通过功能循环相互构建或构成。但这一调查还可能增加另一个问题:现在将再次不可分割地结合在一起的生物体及其环境的起源、起源是什么?在约翰·杜威提出的交易关系概念、格雷戈里·贝特森提出的分裂生成概念和吉尔伯特·西蒙登阐述的个体化过程的基础上,提出了本体论上最主要的是整体,是其内部的分裂、分离和个体化,这导致生物体与其环境一起出现。
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引用次数: 0
The post-disaster transformation of interspecies dependencies: From talkative buffalo to desemiotized cows on the slope of Mt. Merapi 灾后物种间依赖关系的转变:从会说话的水牛到默拉皮山山坡上的去母牛
1区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.12697/sss.2023.51.1.06
M. Nazaruddin, Riin Magnus
This paper suggests how natural disasters may serve as the final propulsion for changes already taking place within a society. While focusing on shifts in human–non-human animal relations, this text also discusses their embedding in broader transformations of human–environment relations and the underlying economic and cultural change. It carves out interspecific dependencies that constitute an agro-ecosystem and follows their demise as the agricultural species are switched to market economic production in a post-disaster context. It thereby suggests that the human-facilitated semiotic fitting of the agricultural species is replaced by human-imposed fitting in which the species composition is largely determined by the market prices. At the same time, the paper draws attention to the cessation and transformation of human–non-human communication as a marker, but also an experiential corollary, of modernization and market economy. As a case study, it focuses on the 2010 Mt. Merapi eruption in Indonesia and its aftermath in the villages on its slope. The study analyses how the shift from using plough buffalo to utilizing market economic cattle farming reflects not just an economic, but also an affective and semiotic change stemming from a shift in the intensity and kind of human–animal relations.
这篇论文提出了自然灾害如何成为社会中已经发生的变化的最终推动力。在关注人类与非人类动物关系的转变的同时,本文还讨论了它们在人类与环境关系的更广泛转变以及潜在的经济和文化变革中的嵌入。它揭示了构成农业生态系统的种间依赖关系,并在灾后环境下,随着农业物种转向市场经济生产,追踪了它们的消亡。因此,这表明人类促进的农业物种的符号学拟合被人类强加的拟合所取代,其中物种组成在很大程度上取决于市场价格。同时,将人与非人交往的停止和转变作为现代化和市场经济的一个标志,也是一个经验的必然结果。作为一个案例研究,它侧重于2010年印度尼西亚默拉皮火山爆发及其对其斜坡上村庄的影响。该研究分析了从使用耕牛到利用市场经济养牛的转变,不仅反映了经济上的变化,而且反映了人类与动物关系强度和种类的转变所带来的情感和符号上的变化。
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引用次数: 0
“Ready for the Homeland” in Croatian media: Commemorations, victory, and foundation 克罗地亚媒体中的“为祖国做好准备”:纪念、胜利和基础
1区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.12697/sss.2023.51.1.02
Katarina Damčević
This article analyses the media discourse surrounding the WWII fascist salute Za dom spremni (ZDS) in the aftermath of two national commemorations that took place in Croatia in spring 2020: Jasenovac and Operation Flash (Bljesak). In spring 2020 Zoran Milanović, the newly elected President of Croatia, adamantly criticized the presence of the salute, associated with the collaborationist Ustaša regime, at the two commemorations, calling for its removal and ban. This led to heated reactions from war veterans and politicians who considered Milanović’s actions unacceptable and offensive towards the memory and legacy of the 1990s war, which triggered a wider debate regarding Croatia’s post-war national identity. The object of the analysis is the discourse surrounding the salute as it emerges in opinion pieces published in weekly and daily newspapers in April, May, and June 2020. With the salute becoming an increasingly prominent part of negotiating national identity and tailoring political agendas, investigating how it is justified, disapproved or otherwise challenged in the media is an aspect that deserves more attention. Relying on insights from discourse studies, the article sheds light on various statements that (de)legitimize the salute and consequently particular actors and actions associated with it. With the help of semiotics of culture wider signification tendencies and dominant discourse(s) upon which the national selfdescription has been built are identified. The article contributes to scholarship on hate speech and contested symbols in the post-Yugoslav space and their (mis)uses in societies struggling with traumatic legacies.
本文分析了在2020年春季克罗地亚举行的两次国家纪念活动:Jasenovac和Operation Flash(Bljesak)之后,围绕二战法西斯致敬Za dom spremni(ZDS)的媒体话语。2020年春季,克罗地亚新当选总统佐兰·米拉诺维奇坚决批评在两次纪念活动中出现与通敌乌斯塔沙政权有关的礼炮,呼吁取消和禁止礼炮。这引起了退伍军人和政界人士的强烈反应,他们认为米拉诺维奇的行为是不可接受的,是对20世纪90年代战争记忆和遗产的冒犯,这引发了关于克罗地亚战后民族身份的更广泛辩论。分析的对象是2020年4月、5月和6月在周报和日报上发表的评论文章中围绕致敬的话语。随着礼炮成为谈判国家认同和调整政治议程的一个越来越突出的部分,调查礼炮在媒体上是如何被证明是正当的、不被认可的或受到其他质疑是一个值得更多关注的方面。基于话语研究的见解,本文揭示了各种使敬礼合法化的说法,以及与敬礼相关的特定行为者和行为。借助文化符号学,确定了民族自我描述所基于的更广泛的意义倾向和主导话语。这篇文章有助于研究后南斯拉夫空间中的仇恨言论和有争议的象征,以及它们在与创伤遗产作斗争的社会中的(错误)使用。
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引用次数: 0
Further considerations on semiosis in evolution: Arbitrarity plus semiotic fitting, and/or mutability plus natural selection 进一步考虑进化中的符号学:随意性加上符号学拟合,和/或变异加上自然选择
1区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.12697/sss.2023.51.1.08
K. Kull
This essay attempts to combine some recent theoretical results in (bio)semiotics on arbitrariness, semiotic fitting, umwelt, choice, and extended theory of evolution into a more coherent whole. The proposed model describes a living being through its subjectivity and the ability to create meaning, which are often overlooked in models based on replicability. The concept of the umwelt is divided into two – the synchronic umwelt and the distributed or diachronic umwelt. For the latter, a new term ‘umweb’ is introduced. A mechanism of evolution is described in which arbitrary relating followed by semiotic fitting is somewhat analogous to the neo-Darwinian mechanism of random mutations followed by natural selection. The paper proceeds to discuss the alternativity and coexistence of these two radically different ways of evolution and learning.
本文试图将最近在(生物)符号学中关于任意性、符号学拟合、环境、选择和扩展进化理论的一些理论成果结合起来,形成一个更连贯的整体。提出的模型通过其主观性和创造意义的能力来描述生物,这在基于可复制性的模型中经常被忽视。空间的概念分为共时性空间和分布性或历时性空间。对于后者,引入了一个新名词“umweb”。描述了一种进化机制,其中任意关联之后是符号拟合,这与新达尔文的随机突变之后是自然选择的机制有些类似。本文进一步讨论了这两种截然不同的进化和学习方式的交替性和共存性。
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引用次数: 1
How to develop semiotics: Paul Cobley 如何发展符号学:保罗·科布利
1区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.12697/sss.4
K. Kull, E. Velmezova
How to develop semiotics: Paul Cobley
如何发展符号学:Paul Cobley
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引用次数: 0
Book series on semiotics in the world and Tartu Semiotics Library 世界符号学系列丛书与塔尔图符号学图书馆
1区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.12697/sss.2022.50.4.08
K. Kull, S. Salupere, Eva Lepik
We publish a worldwide list of 33 recent semiotics book series, and describe the volumes published in the Tartu Semiotics Library series that was established in 1998.
我们在全球范围内出版了33本近期符号学系列丛书,并介绍了1998年成立的塔尔图符号学图书馆系列丛书中出版的书籍。
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引用次数: 0
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Sign Systems Studies
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