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A New Leaf for a Founding Journal of Archaeological Heritage 考古遗产创刊的新篇章
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/13505033.2023.2190631
Kathryn Lafrenz Samuels
I am honoured to be taking on the editorship for Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites, a publication that represents one of the first and longest running journals devoted to matters of archaeological heritage. Established in 1995 and tended by Jeanne Teutonico, Nicholas Stanley-Price, Frank Matero, Rachel Burch, Valerie Magar, Tim Williams, and Kim Te Winkle through years and decades of development and change in archaeological management and conservation, CMAS was devoted to the nuts and bolts of practicing archaeology in society before the tremendous growth of interest in ‘heritage’ and ‘heritage studies’ from academia. Building on these firm foundations, the present is an exciting time for the journal. The many hardships of the coronavirus pandemic had an impact on the journal, as elsewhere, but this challenging period also offered an opportunity for reflection and renewal. In this first Editorial Introduction as the new Editor for CMAS, I offer a brief overview of the journal’s aims in its contemporary iteration, and highlight some new initiatives the journal will pursue to address important issues in archaeological conservation and management in these times of accelerating change. The field of archaeology, heritage management, and conservation faces major challenges – tectonic shifts that are remaking not just the field but our world today. Some of these challenges include global environment change and the climate crisis, technological revolutions, political extremism, increasing mobility and mass migration, and deepening our commitment to equity and diversity. Yet these challenges offer constructive opportunities for reaffirming the societal value of archaeological heritage as an important contributor to addressing these issues. Heritage offers not just a mirror on social change, but propels, mobilises, and directs change too. As the leading journal for integrating work from professional archaeology and academic archaeology, Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites has a critical and unique role in shaping the field’s interventions in the major problems of our day. These interventions will span a spectrum of scale and focus, whether mobilising archaeological resources to influence broad social and global trends, or more specifically address the distinctive needs and manifestations of these issues as they impact archaeological heritage. The journal provides a platform for amplifying how archaeology is most effective and influential in meeting these challenges when academics and practitioners work together. This cooperation must move in both directions, such as implementing innovative ideas into the real-world conditions of ‘on the ground’ practice, and foregrounding the study of management and conservation within academic training and research.
我很荣幸担任《考古遗址保护与管理》的编辑,该出版物是最早也是运行时间最长的专门研究考古遗产问题的期刊之一。成立于1995年,由Jeanne Teutonico、Nicholas Stanley Price、Frank Matero、Rachel Burch、Valerie Magar、Tim Williams和Kim Te Winkle在考古管理和保护方面进行了多年的发展和变革,在学术界对“遗产”和“遗产研究”的兴趣急剧增长之前,CMAS致力于在社会中实践考古学的细节。在这些坚实的基础上,现在对该杂志来说是一个激动人心的时刻。与其他地方一样,冠状病毒大流行的许多困难对该杂志产生了影响,但这一充满挑战的时期也提供了反思和更新的机会。在作为CMAS新任编辑的第一篇编辑简介中,我简要概述了该杂志在当代迭代中的目标,并强调了该杂志将采取的一些新举措,以解决这些加速变化的时代考古保护和管理中的重要问题。考古、遗产管理和保护领域面临着重大挑战——构造变化不仅重塑了这个领域,也重塑了我们今天的世界。其中一些挑战包括全球环境变化和气候危机、技术革命、政治极端主义、流动性增加和大规模移民,以及深化我们对公平和多样性的承诺。然而,这些挑战为重申考古遗产作为解决这些问题的重要贡献者的社会价值提供了建设性的机会。遗产不仅为社会变革提供了一面镜子,还推动、动员和指导变革。作为整合专业考古和学术考古工作的领先期刊,《考古遗址保护与管理》在塑造该领域对当今重大问题的干预方面发挥着关键而独特的作用。这些干预措施将跨越一系列规模和重点,无论是调动考古资源来影响广泛的社会和全球趋势,还是更具体地解决这些问题在影响考古遗产时的独特需求和表现形式。该杂志提供了一个平台,当学者和从业者共同努力时,可以放大考古学在应对这些挑战方面是如何最有效和最有影响力的。这种合作必须朝着两个方向发展,例如将创新理念融入“实地”实践的现实世界条件,并在学术培训和研究中突出管理和保护研究。
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引用次数: 0
Integration of Archaeological Heritage in Metropolitan City Centres with Urban Life: Agora of Smyrna 大都会市中心的考古遗产与城市生活的融合:士麦那的Agora
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/13505033.2022.2133792
Merve Çalışkan, M. Hamamcıoğlu-Turan
ABSTRACT Archaeological sites located in metropolitan city centres in Turkey are subjected to diverse interventions. However, they are mostly isolated from the rest of the historical environment and become alienated from urban life. The aim is to identify an integration framework for archaeological sites in metropolitan city centres with contemporary urban life. A case study approach is employed, focusing on the Agora of Smyrna in İzmir, Turkey. Literature review on the case and similar cases, analysis of similar cases, literature review on integration criteria, survey, and a Delphi study to understand expert opinion were carried out. As a result, improving the quality of urban life and the good reputation of Agora’s vicinity, and the presentation, management, and usage of Agora itself support its integration. Nevertheless, the ‘presence of public concern for the conservation of the site’ is still the most important for the integration of the Agora with urban life.
摘要土耳其大城市中心的考古遗址受到了多种干预。然而,他们大多与其他历史环境隔绝,并与城市生活疏远。其目的是确定大都市中心考古遗址与当代城市生活的整合框架。采用案例研究方法,重点关注土耳其伊兹密尔的士麦那Agora。对该病例和类似病例进行文献综述,对类似病例进行分析,对整合标准进行文献综述、调查,并进行德尔菲研究以了解专家意见。因此,提高城市生活质量和Agora附近的良好声誉,以及Agora本身的展示、管理和使用,都有助于其整合。尽管如此,“公众对遗址保护的关注”对于Agora与城市生活的融合仍然是最重要的。
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引用次数: 0
Conservation and Regeneration of Historic Buildings: The Case of Badalar Kano (Kano City Wall), Nigeria 历史建筑的保护和再生:以尼日利亚巴达拉·卡诺(卡诺城墙)为例
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/13505033.2022.2147297
Hamisu Sani Ali, R. S. Agbu
ABSTRACT This study examines the problems involved in the maintenance and handling of Badalar Kano (the city wall) and prospects for its conservation and regeneration. The wall surrounding the old Kano city is one of the most popular heritage sites in sub-Saharan Africa. Today, it is ruined due to human and natural factors; once weakened, the traditional monument now crumbles. Though seriously diminished, it remains a mysterious testimony of indigenous use of architecture that exhibits defence and security systems, labour organisation, culture, society, and therefore the traditions of the place. This essential heritage resource must be conserved because it protects many other important living heritages to the present day. Field surveys and interviews were conducted, and a historical approach was used to provide an in-depth account of the wall’s conservation and the extent of its decay to recommend sustainable ways for its regeneration.
摘要:本研究探讨了巴达拉尔卡诺(Badalar Kano)城墙的维护和处理所涉及的问题以及其保护和再生的前景。卡诺古城周围的城墙是撒哈拉以南非洲最受欢迎的遗产之一。今天,由于人为和自然因素,它被破坏了;传统的纪念碑一度被削弱,如今却摇摇欲坠。虽然严重减少,但它仍然是一个神秘的见证,展示了当地的防御和安全系统、劳工组织、文化、社会以及当地的传统。这一重要的遗产资源必须得到保护,因为它至今仍保护着许多其他重要的活遗产。我们进行了实地调查和访谈,并采用历史方法对城墙的保护和衰败程度进行了深入研究,以推荐可持续的重建方法。
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引用次数: 0
The Vulnerability of Cities’ Historical Fabrics against Natural and Human-Induced Hazards: A Case Study in the Pamenar Neighbourhood of Tehran, Iran 城市历史结构对自然和人为灾害的脆弱性:以伊朗德黑兰帕梅纳尔社区为例
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/13505033.2022.2132659
H. Fasihi, Hassan Kamran Dastjerdi
ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the risks facing the Pamenar neighbourhood as an example of the neighbourhoods of Tehran's historical fabric. The data was obtained from geographic information system (GIS) files and a survey. Sixteen experts were also asked to provide a score to each of 29 indicators. The mean values of these scores were then used to evaluate the role of each parameter in the vulnerability of this neighbourhood. Findings show that Tehran is one of the areas with high risk of earthquake, flood, air pollution, acid rain, and land subsidence as a new risk. The annual subsidence rate is about 36 cm. Several bombings indicate high risk of terrorist attacks in the neighbourhood. Unsafe building stock has made the historical fabric vulnerable to hazards. The study area is also at high risk of unfavourable land use and socio-economic conditions including insecurity, drug abuse in public spaces, overcrowding, and daytime congestion.
本研究旨在调查帕曼纳尔社区作为德黑兰历史街区的一个例子所面临的风险。数据来源于地理信息系统(GIS)文件和一项调查。16位专家还被要求对29个指标中的每一个指标打分。然后使用这些分数的平均值来评估每个参数在该社区脆弱性中的作用。研究结果表明,德黑兰是地震、洪水、空气污染、酸雨和地面沉降的高风险地区之一。年沉降速率约36 cm。几起爆炸事件表明该地区发生恐怖袭击的风险很高。不安全的建筑存量使历史建筑容易受到危害。该研究区域还面临着不利的土地使用和社会经济条件的高风险,包括不安全、公共场所滥用药物、过度拥挤和白天拥堵。
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引用次数: 0
Recreating the Massasoit Spring House with 3Dimensional Modelling 用三维建模重建Massasoit弹簧屋
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/13505033.2021.1980265
R. Bristow, Justin Taylor
ABSTRACT The history of cultural landmarks has abundant examples for educational enlightenment. Yet hundreds, if not thousands, of sites have yet to achieve this notoriety, often given the lack of funding to restore the site. For those found within our parks and protected areas one challenge for managers is to preserve its cultural heritage, often with limited funding. It is this challenge that we illustrate a process for recreating our historical landscape based on archived materials and using computer animation. Three-dimensional computer modelling software provides one such tool to recreate these sites, and adds to our knowledge for historic preservation and educational prospects. Here we recreate the setting of the nineteenth-century Massasoit Spring water business in West Springfield, Massachusetts, USA. Protected watershed lands previously managed for no visitation are now opened up for tourism and this baseline data serves educational and interpretive opportunities.
文化地标的历史有着丰富的教育启示范例。然而,数百个(如果不是数千个的话)遗址还没有达到这种臭名昭著的程度,原因往往是缺乏修复遗址的资金。对于那些在我们的公园和保护区内发现的生物,管理人员面临的一个挑战是保护其文化遗产,通常资金有限。正是这一挑战,我们展示了一个基于存档材料和使用计算机动画重建历史景观的过程。三维计算机建模软件提供了一种这样的工具来重建这些遗址,并增加了我们对历史保护和教育前景的了解。在这里,我们重现了19世纪美国马萨诸塞州西斯普林菲尔德的Massasoit泉水业务。以前禁止参观的受保护的流域土地现在向旅游业开放,这些基线数据为教育和解释提供了机会。
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引用次数: 0
A Master Plan for a Multistratified Spanish Fortress: Guidelines for a Strategic Conservation 多层西班牙堡垒的总体规划:战略保护指南
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/13505033.2021.1989162
C. Mileto, F. Vegas, V. Cristini
ABSTRACT This text aims to provide a summary of the formal guidelines for the strategic management of a large-scale monumental military complex. In recent years the Castle of Monzón (Huesca, Spain) has called for a strategic planning process within a flexible timescale taking into consideration the issues currently affecting it. The debate between conservation and restoration, its relationship with the surroundings, the land on which it stands, pre-existing elements, possible uses and management are some of the key points discussed. The aim of the master plan was to establish the main strategic axes for the design and implementation of the action plans needed to attain the objectives set. Far from easy, these objectives have been defined following an extensive process of study and analysis carried out by an interdisciplinary team.
摘要本文旨在为大型纪念性军事综合体的战略管理提供正式指南的摘要。近年来,蒙松城堡(西班牙韦斯卡)呼吁在灵活的时间范围内进行战略规划,考虑到目前影响它的问题。保护和修复之间的辩论、它与周围环境的关系、它所在的土地、预先存在的元素、可能的用途和管理是讨论的一些关键点。总计划的目的是为实现既定目标所需的行动计划的设计和实施确立主要战略轴心。这些目标绝非易事,而是在跨学科团队进行了广泛的研究和分析之后确定的。
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引用次数: 0
To Sink or Swim: Evaluating Coastal Archaeological Stability through a System of Indices 沉没还是游泳:通过指数体系评估海岸考古稳定性
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/13505033.2021.1979768
Jennifer E. Jones, M. Allen, D. Loomis
ABSTRACT Archaeological resources in the coastal zone are subjected to a variety of cultural, social, and environmental conditions that affect a site’s stability, which can be defined in physical (e.g. structure, geophysical environment), sociocultural (e.g. looting, vandalism), and regulatory (e.g. federal, state, and local mandates) terms. To effectively manage resources within this dynamic environment requires a holistic understanding of what drives stability (or instability) at each site. The systematic development of indices for archaeological site stability aggregates a large number of complex conditions, both drivers and pressures, into a smaller set of key indicators that can be used to evaluate site stability, and to monitor changes over time. This system of indices provides an integrated framework for evaluation of site-specific stability that allows for adaptive management and the prioritisation of resources (e.g. funding, time, staff).
摘要沿海地区的考古资源受到各种文化、社会和环境条件的影响,这些条件会影响遗址的稳定性,可以从物理(如结构、地球物理环境)、社会文化(如抢劫、故意破坏)和监管(如联邦、州和地方命令)等方面进行定义。要在这种动态环境中有效管理资源,需要全面了解每个站点的稳定性(或不稳定性)驱动因素。考古遗址稳定性指标的系统开发将大量复杂的条件,包括驱动因素和压力,聚合为一组较小的关键指标,可用于评估遗址稳定性,并监测随时间的变化。这一指数体系为评估特定地点的稳定性提供了一个综合框架,允许进行适应性管理和资源(如资金、时间、工作人员)的优先顺序。
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引用次数: 1
A Holistic Categorisation of Heritage Values as a Tool for Decision-Making 作为决策工具的遗产价值的整体分类
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/13505033.2021.1979255
Faraneh Sahraiyanjahromi, Özlem Olgaç Türker
ABSTRACT Architectural heritage possesses a wide variety of values. A comprehensive understanding of these values can help decision-makers make holistic decisions regarding conservation. Although heritage buildings have significance, prioritising them is essential in conservation. Lack of comprehensive value understanding of heritage, may have a negative effect in decision-making the main aim of this study is to explore the emergent terminology of heritage values for categorising them into different typologies. In this regard, this paper contends the identification of values from literature and seeks to engage in discourse and assessment of built heritage over values that are essential for decision-makers. As a qualitative methodology, content analysis is applied to broad-based literature about heritage values. The value definitions are reviewed and the ones with similar meanings are categorised for a common reference point. Quantitatively, the weight of each value category has been calculated according to the frequency of being stated by various authors.
摘要建筑遗产具有多种价值。对这些价值观的全面理解可以帮助决策者就保护做出全面决策。尽管遗产建筑具有重要意义,但优先考虑它们对保护至关重要。对遗产缺乏全面的价值理解,可能会对决策产生负面影响。本研究的主要目的是探索遗产价值的新兴术语,将其归类为不同的类型。在这方面,本文主张从文献中识别价值观,并试图参与对建筑遗产的讨论和评估,而不是对决策者至关重要的价值观。作为一种定性方法,内容分析被应用于广泛的关于遗产价值的文献。对价值定义进行了审查,并将具有相似含义的定义分类为共同参考点。从数量上讲,每个价值类别的权重都是根据不同作者陈述的频率计算的。
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引用次数: 0
New Futures for Replicas: Principles and Guidance for Museums and Heritage 复制品的新未来:博物馆和遗产的原则和指导
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-03-03 DOI: 10.1080/13505033.2021.1921352
Magnus O. Ljunge
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引用次数: 2
Rethinking Management Planning Methodologies: A Novel Approach Implemented at Petra World Heritage Site 重新思考管理规划方法:佩特拉世界遗产地实施的一种新方法
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-03-03 DOI: 10.1080/13505033.2021.1928369
A. Orba̧sli, G. Cesaro
ABSTRACT The World Heritage Site of Petra in Jordan is a large and complex site to manage with its multiple stakeholders, governance complexities, and competing local interests. It has been subjected to numerous management plans, none of which were fully implemented. In developing a new Integrated Management Plan one of the biggest challenges was to develop a methodology that would allow all voices to be heard, various interests brought together, and local ownership of the plan’s objectives achieved. This paper reflects on the practical experience of a novel approach to management planning at a cultural heritage site which draws on the theories and practices of participatory planning and natural environment management, and combines top-down and bottom-up approaches through collaboration with local entities and stakeholders. Utilising local institutional resources, in an approach that is locally driven and externally facilitated, the resulting Integrated Management Plan exemplifies a process of co-creation of management decisions.
约旦佩特拉世界遗产是一个庞大而复杂的遗址,涉及多个利益相关者、治理复杂性和相互竞争的地方利益。它曾受到许多管理计划的影响,但没有一项得到充分执行。在制定新的综合管理计划时,最大的挑战之一是制定一种方法,使所有的声音都能被听到,各种利益聚集在一起,并实现当地对计划目标的所有权。本文反思了一种新的文化遗产管理规划方法的实践经验,该方法借鉴了参与式规划和自然环境管理的理论和实践,并通过与当地实体和利益相关者的合作,将自上而下和自下而上的方法结合起来。利用当地机构资源,以当地驱动和外部促进的方式,由此产生的综合管理计划体现了共同制定管理决策的过程。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites
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