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Optimal logistics scheduling with dynamic information in emergency response: Case studies for humanitarian objectives 应急响应中的动态信息优化物流调度:人道主义目标案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.14743/apem2023.3.480
J. Cao, H. Han, Y.J. Wang, T.C. Han
The mathematical model of infectious disease is a typical problem in mathematical modeling, and the common infectious disease models include the susceptible-infected (SI) model, the susceptible-infected-recovered model (SIR), the susceptible-infected-recovered-susceptible model (SIRS) and the susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered (SEIR) model. These models can be used to predict the impact of regional return to work after the epidemic. In this paper, we use the SEIR model to solve the dynamic medicine demand information in humanitarian relief phase. A multistage mixed integer programming model for the humanitarian logistics and transport resource is proposed. The objective functions of the model include delay cost and minimum running time in the time-space network. The model describes that how to distribute and deliver medicine resources from supply locations to demand locations with an efficient and lower-cost way through a transportation network. The linear programming problem is solved by the proposed Benders decomposition algorithm. Finally, we use two cases to calculate model and algorithm. The results of the case prove the validity of the model and algorithm.
传染病数学模型是数学建模中的典型问题,常见的传染病模型包括易感-感染模型(SI)、易感-感染-恢复模型(SIR)、易感-感染-恢复-易感模型(SIRS)和易感-暴露-感染-恢复模型(SEIR)。这些模型可用于预测疫情过后地区重返工作岗位的影响。本文使用 SEIR 模型来解决人道主义救援阶段的动态药品需求信息。本文提出了人道主义物流运输资源的多阶段混合整数编程模型。该模型的目标函数包括时空网络中的延迟成本和最短运行时间。该模型描述了如何通过运输网络以高效、低成本的方式将医药资源从供应地点分配并运送到需求地点。该线性规划问题通过提出的 Benders 分解算法求解。最后,我们用两个案例来计算模型和算法。案例结果证明了模型和算法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Factors affecting Quality 4.0 implementation in Czech, Slovak and Polish organizations: Preliminary research 影响捷克、斯洛伐克和波兰组织实施质量 4.0 的因素:初步研究
Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.14743/apem2023.3.477
S. Wawak, A. Sutoova,, D. Vykydal, P. Halfarova,
With the proliferation of the Industry 4.0 paradigm, the inadequacy of conventional quality management tools has become increasingly apparent. The preliminary investigation presented in this paper focuses on the identification of the Quality 4.0 readiness level of organizations operating in the Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovakia, as well as affecting factors. The study is based on the review of relevant literature. The web-based questionnaire enabling organizations' representatives through Computer-Assisted Web Interviewing (CAWI) to take part in the study was used. Data from 298 completed responses were subjected to comprehensive analysis. Descriptive statistics and hypothesis testing were applied to analyse the data. Small and medium-sized organizations achieve low levels of Quality 4.0 readiness. Large organizations are better prepared. The study confirmed the dependence between the Quality 4.0 readiness level and whether the organization operates in automotive, while automotive organizations achieved a higher level of Quality 4.0 readiness than other organizations. The significant relationship between the Quality 4.0 readiness level and whether the organization has a certified management system was also confirmed. Received data also enabled the identification of the main barriers and benefits of Quality 4.0 implementation perceived by the organizations. The research findings identify the challenges that enterprises face regarding the Quality 4.0 implementation and the necessary support that organizations require. These findings can be a foundation for developing novel research initiatives and implementation programs. The research results contribute to the existing body of knowledge and bring new information and insights into the field of quality digitalization.
随着工业 4.0 范式的普及,传统质量管理工具的不足日益明显。本文介绍的初步调查侧重于确定在捷克共和国、波兰和斯洛伐克运营的组织的质量 4.0 准备程度以及影响因素。本研究以相关文献综述为基础。研究采用了网络问卷,使各组织的代表能够通过计算机辅助网络访谈(CAWI)参与研究。对 298 份已完成答复的数据进行了综合分析。数据分析采用了描述性统计和假设检验方法。中小型组织的质量 4.0 准备程度较低。大型组织的准备程度更高。研究证实,质量 4.0 准备水平与组织是否从事汽车行业有关,而汽车行业组织的质量 4.0 准备水平高于其他组织。质量 4.0 准备水平与组织是否拥有经认证的管理体系之间的重要关系也得到了证实。所收到的数据还有助于确定各组织认为实施质量 4.0 的主要障碍和益处。研究结果明确了企业在实施质量 4.0 方面面临的挑战以及组织需要的必要支持。这些发现可以为制定新的研究计划和实施方案奠定基础。研究成果为现有知识体系做出了贡献,并为质量数字化领域带来了新的信息和见解。
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引用次数: 0
An improved deep reinforcement learning approach: A case study for optimisation of berth and yard scheduling for bulk cargo terminal 改进的深度强化学习方法:散货码头泊位和堆场调度优化案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.14743/apem2023.3.474
T. Ai, L. Huang, R.J. Song, H.F. Huang, F. Jiao, W.G. Ma
The cornerstone of port production operations is ship handling, necessitating judicious allocation of diverse production resources to enhance the efficiency of loading and unloading operations. This paper introduces an optimisation method based on deep reinforcement learning to schedule berths and yards at a bulk cargo terminal. A Markov Decision Process model is formulated by analysing scheduling processes and unloading operations in bulk port imports business. The study presents an enhanced reinforcement learning algorithm called PS-D3QN (Prioritised Experience Replay and Softmax strategy-based Dueling Double Deep Q-Network), amalgamating the strengths of the Double DQN and Dueling DQN algorithms. The proposed solution is evaluated using actual port data and benchmarked against the other two algorithms mentioned in this paper. The numerical experiments and comparative analysis substantiate that the PS-D3QN algorithm significantly enhances the efficiency of berth and yard scheduling in bulk terminals, reduces the cost of port operation, and eliminates errors associated with manual scheduling. The algorithm presented in this paper can be tailored to address scheduling issues in the fields of production and manufacturing with suitable adjustments, including problems like the job shop scheduling problem and its extensions.
港口生产运营的基石是船舶装卸,因此需要合理分配各种生产资源,以提高装卸作业的效率。本文介绍了一种基于深度强化学习的优化方法,用于调度散货码头的泊位和堆场。通过分析散货港口进口业务中的调度流程和卸货操作,建立了马尔可夫决策过程模型。研究提出了一种名为 PS-D3QN(基于优先经验重放和软最大策略的决斗双深度 Q 网络)的增强型强化学习算法,该算法融合了双深度 Q 网络和决斗深度 Q 网络算法的优点。本文利用实际港口数据对所提出的解决方案进行了评估,并以本文提到的其他两种算法为基准进行了比较。数值实验和对比分析证明,PS-D3QN 算法显著提高了散货码头泊位和堆场调度的效率,降低了港口运营成本,并消除了人工调度带来的误差。本文介绍的算法经过适当调整后,可用于解决生产和制造领域的调度问题,包括作业车间调度问题及其扩展问题。
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引用次数: 0
An improved multi-objective Wild Horse optimization for the dual-resource-constrained flexible job shop scheduling problem: A comparative analysis with NSGA-II and a real case study 针对双资源受限灵活作业车间调度问题的改进型多目标野马优化法:与 NSGA-II 的比较分析和实际案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.14743/apem2023.3.472
F. Peng, L. Zheng
The equipment manufacturing industry needs skilled workers to operate a specific set of machines following process specifications. Optimizing machine and worker assignments to achieve maximum efficiency is a critical problem for workshop managers. This paper investigates a multi-objective dual-resource-constrained flexible job shop scheduling problem. An improved wild horse optimization (IWHO) algorithm is developed to simultaneously optimize three objectives: makespan, maximum machine workload, and total machine workload. To evaluate the quality of individuals in multi-objective optimization, the Pareto fast non-dominated sorting method is used, and the crowding distance is calculated. To update the algorithm's solution, the crossover and mutation operations are used. Further, a local neighborhood search strategy is employed to enhance searchability and avoid trapping into the local optima. The benchmark of the flexible job shop scheduling problem is extended to create test instances, and the performance of the suggested IWHO algorithm is evaluated compared with the NSGA-II. The computational results show that the IWHO algorithm provides a non-dominated efficient set within a reasonable running time. Furthermore, a buffers and chain coupler assembly process is designed to analyze the practical value of the IWHO algorithm. The proposed solutions can be used to generate daily schedules for managing machines, workers, and production cycles.
设备制造业需要熟练工人按照工艺规范操作特定的机器。优化机器和工人的分配以实现最高效率是车间管理人员面临的关键问题。本文研究了一个多目标双资源约束灵活作业车间调度问题。本文开发了一种改进的野马优化(IWHO)算法,可同时优化三个目标:工期、最大机器工作量和总机器工作量。为了评估多目标优化中个体的质量,采用了帕累托快速非支配排序法,并计算了拥挤距离。为了更新算法的解,使用了交叉和突变操作。此外,还采用了局部邻域搜索策略,以增强可搜索性,避免陷入局部最优状态。我们扩展了灵活作业车间调度问题的基准,创建了测试实例,并将所建议的 IWHO 算法与 NSGA-II 进行了性能评估。计算结果表明,IWHO 算法能在合理的运行时间内提供非支配有效集。此外,还设计了一个缓冲器和链式耦合器装配流程,以分析 IWHO 算法的实用价值。提出的解决方案可用于生成管理机器、工人和生产周期的每日计划。
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引用次数: 0
A feed direction cutting force prediction model and analysis for ceramic matrix composites C/SiC based on rotary ultrasonic profile milling 基于旋转超声轮廓铣削的陶瓷基复合材料 C/SiC 进给方向切削力预测模型与分析
Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.14743/apem2023.3.473
M. Amin, M.F. Rathore, A. Ahmed, W. Saleem, Q. Li, A. Israr
Ceramic matrix composites have immense applications in the aerospace, aircraft, and automobile industries. Belonging to this class, carbon-fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites (C/SiC) are used for critical applications due to their superior properties. However, these materials have also stringent properties of heterogeneity, anisotropy, and varying thermal properties that affect machining quality and process efficiency. So, developing a cutting force prediction model and analyzing machining parameters is an essential need for the accurate machining of such materials. In this study, a mechanistic-based feed direction cutting force prediction model for rotary ultrasonic profile milling of C/SiC composites is developed and validated experimentally. The experimental and simulation results closely match each other. The mean error and standard deviation were recorded as 1.358 % and 6.003, respectively. The parametric sensitivity analysis showed that cutting force decreased with increased cutting speed, whereas it increased with increased feed rate and cutting depth. The proposed cutting force model for rotary ultrasonic profile milling of C/SiC composites is robust and can be applied to predict cutting forces and optimize the machining process parameters at the industry level.
陶瓷基复合材料在航空航天、飞机和汽车行业有着广泛的应用。碳纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料(C/SiC)就属于这一类,因其卓越的性能而被用于关键应用领域。然而,这些材料也具有异质性、各向异性和不同热性能等严格的特性,会影响加工质量和加工效率。因此,开发切削力预测模型和分析加工参数是精确加工此类材料的必要条件。在本研究中,针对 C/SiC 复合材料的旋转超声轮廓铣削,开发了一种基于力学的进给方向切削力预测模型,并进行了实验验证。实验和模拟结果非常吻合。平均误差和标准偏差分别为 1.358 % 和 6.003。参数敏感性分析表明,切削力随切削速度的增加而减小,而随进给量和切削深度的增加而增大。所提出的 C/SiC 复合材料旋转超声轮廓铣削切削力模型具有很强的鲁棒性,可用于预测切削力和优化工业级别的加工工艺参数。
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引用次数: 0
Project portfolio management in telecommunication company: A stage-gate approach for effective portfolio governance 电信公司的项目组合管理:有效管理项目组合的阶段门方法
Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.14743/apem2023.3.478
M. Milenkovic, D. Ciric Lalic, M. Vujicic, I. Pesko, M. Savkovic, D. Gracanin
In today's fast-paced business environment, implementing strategies through programs, projects, and business-as-usual activities can be challenging for companies. The telecommunication industry, in particular, faces these challenges as it experiences the effects of digital transformation and fast-changing markets. It requires a flexible and adaptive approach to project portfolio management (PPM) to optimize investments and deliver value. This article presents a successful case study of a PPM process using the Stage-Gate model in a prominent telecommunications company that operates in a dynamic and fast-growing environment. The Stage-Gate PPM model comprises four stages: Proposal Selection, Selection of Nominated Demands, Prioritization, and Categorization of Projects. The model is unique as it can be adapted to different projects and incorporates elements of Agile approaches, such as Portfolio Sprint meetings and artefacts. The study demonstrates the importance of a well-defined PPM process in coordinating short-term and long-term activities and effectively allocating time, money, and resources. The Stage-Gate PPM model can potentially enhance project success rates and bring greater value to companies by ensuring the realization of suitable projects. This article contributes significantly to the existing literature on portfolio management, providing valuable insights and lessons applicable to other companies in the industry to enhance their portfolio management processes. Furthermore, this study can interest scholars and researchers seeking to explore effective portfolio management in other complex and dynamic environments.
在当今快节奏的商业环境中,通过计划、项目和日常业务活动来实施战略对企业来说是一项挑战。尤其是电信行业,在经历数字化转型和瞬息万变的市场影响时,更是面临着这些挑战。它需要灵活、适应性强的项目组合管理(PPM)方法,以优化投资并实现价值。本文介绍了一个在动态和快速增长环境中运营的著名电信公司采用阶段-关卡模型进行项目组合管理流程的成功案例研究。阶段-关卡式项目组合管理模式包括四个阶段:建议选择、提名需求选择、优先排序和项目分类。该模型的独特之处在于它可适用于不同的项目,并融入了敏捷方法的元素,如组合冲刺会议和人工制品。这项研究表明,定义明确的项目组合管理流程对于协调短期和长期活动以及有效分配时间、资金和资源非常重要。阶段-关口项目组合管理模型可以提高项目成功率,并通过确保实现合适的项目为公司带来更大价值。本文为现有的项目组合管理文献做出了重要贡献,提供了宝贵的见解和经验,适用于业内其他公司加强其项目组合管理流程。此外,这项研究还能引起学者和研究人员的兴趣,帮助他们在其他复杂多变的环境中探索有效的项目组合管理。
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引用次数: 0
A game theory analysis of intelligent transformation and sales mode choice of the logistics service provider 物流服务提供商智能转型与销售模式选择的博弈论分析
Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.14743/apem2023.3.476
G.M. Cao, X.X. Zhao, H.H. Gao, M.C. Tang
In order to study whether the logistics service provider (LSP) should carry out intelligent transformation strategy of logistics services, this paper constructs a logistics service supply chain consisting of one LSP and one logistics service integrator (LSI), and discusses whether the LSP is independent or participate in LSI. The paper shows that choosing the intelligent transformation of logistics services under any mode can improve the profits of the LSP and the LSI. The joint transformation of logistics services to improve the profit of the LSI is not affected by the choice of mode, while the profit of LSP under the resale mode remains unchanged when she chooses joint intelligent transformation. When the intelligent transformation level is high, the LSI tends to choose the resale model; otherwise, the LSI tends to choose the platform model. When the LSP chooses intelligent transformation by herself, if the share ratio is low, the LSI tends to choose the resale model. If the share ratio is high and the level of intelligent transformation of logistics services is not high, the LSI more inclines to choose the platform model.
为了研究物流服务提供商(LSP)是否应该实施物流服务智能化转型战略,本文构建了一条由一个 LSP 和一个物流服务集成商(LSI)组成的物流服务供应链,并讨论了 LSP 是独立还是参与 LSI 的问题。本文表明,选择任何模式下的物流服务智能化改造都能提高 LSP 和 LSI 的利润。联合改造物流服务提高 LSI 利润不受模式选择的影响,而选择联合智能化改造时,LSP 在转售模式下的利润保持不变。当智能化改造水平较高时,物流服务商倾向于选择转售模式;反之,物流服务商倾向于选择平台模式。当 LSP 自行选择智能化改造时,如果分成比例较低,LSI 倾向于选择转售模式。如果份额比例较高,而物流服务智能化改造水平不高,则物流服务商更倾向于选择平台模式。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing automated defect detection through sequential clustering and classification: An industrial case study using the Sine-Cosine Algorithm, Possibilistic Fuzzy c-means, and Artificial Neural Network 通过连续聚类和分类加强自动缺陷检测:使用正弦余弦算法、可能模糊 c-means 和人工神经网络的工业案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-07-23 DOI: 10.14743/apem2023.2.470
T.P.Q. Nguyen
Most existing inspection models solely classify defects as either good or bad, focusing primarily on separating flaws from perfect ones. The sequential clustering and classification technique (SCC) is used in this work to not only identify and categorize the defects but also investigate their root causes. Conventional clustering techniques like k-means, fuzzy c-means, and self-organizing map are employed in the first stage to find the defects in the finished products. Then, a novel clustering method, that combines a sine-cosine algorithm and possibilistic fuzzy c-means (SCA-PFCM), is proposed to classify the detected defects into multiple groups to identify the defect categories and analyze the root causes of failures. In the second stage, the ground truth labels taken from the clustering technique are used to construct an automated inspection system using back propagation neural networks (BPNN). The proposed approach is applicable for detecting and identifying the causes of errors in manufacturing industry. This study applies a case study in nipper manufacture. The SCA-PFCM algorithm can detect 97 % of defects and classify them into four types while BPNN shows a predicted accuracy of up to 96 %. Additionally, an automated inspection system is developed to reduce the time and cost of the inspection process.
现有的大多数检测模型仅将缺陷分为好或坏,主要侧重于将缺陷与完美缺陷区分开来。在这项工作中,采用了顺序聚类和分类技术(SCC),不仅能识别缺陷并对其进行分类,还能调查缺陷的根本原因。第一阶段采用传统的聚类技术,如 K-均值、模糊 C-均值和自组织图,以发现成品中的缺陷。然后,提出了一种结合正弦余弦算法和正负模糊均值(SCA-PFCM)的新型聚类方法,将检测到的缺陷分为多个组,以确定缺陷类别并分析故障根源。在第二阶段,从聚类技术中提取的基本真实标签被用于利用反向传播神经网络(BPNN)构建自动检测系统。所提出的方法适用于检测和识别制造业中的错误原因。本研究将一个案例应用于钳工制造。SCA-PFCM 算法可检测出 97 % 的缺陷并将其分为四种类型,而 BPNN 的预测准确率高达 96 %。此外,还开发了一种自动检测系统,以减少检测过程的时间和成本。
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引用次数: 0
Engineering-to-order manufacturing: A criticality analysis of key challenges and solutions based on literature review 按订单生产:基于文献综述的关键挑战和解决方案的重要性分析
Pub Date : 2023-07-23 DOI: 10.14743/apem2023.2.466
C.S. Fortes, A.B. Tenera, P.F. Cunha, J.P. Teixeira
Engineer-to-Order (ETO) manufacturing companies involve customised production products based on specific customer requirements, and face a significant challenge. Some of those challenges are related with this type of company’s activities in production scheduling, planning and control, efficiency improvement and lead time reduction. The present study was conducted with a systematic literature review and a survey from ETO firms to identify the most frequent and critical problems. Among the most critical issues identified is the difficulty in optimising production performance (P3), with a GCI value of 16, implying that both time and cost share the same critical level. An analysis using a proposed Criticality Matrix was then performed enabling companies to prioritise decision-making and resource allocation. The results highlight the importance of adopting mass customisation strategies, innovative approaches and workflow optimisation. Continuous monitoring and analysis of criticality levels can also help ETO companies identify emerging issues and improve informed decisions. Effective communication and collaboration among stakeholders were also identified as vital. Future research could be done expanding further the study sample and developing decision-support tools for ETO manufacturing companies. This study contributes to the field by providing a new criticality matrix for ETO companies to understand better and address their production challenges, aiding in decision-making and resource allocation.
按订单生产企业(ETO)根据客户的具体要求定制产品,面临着巨大的挑战。其中一些挑战与这类公司在生产调度、计划和控制、提高效率和缩短交货时间等方面的活动有关。本研究通过系统的文献回顾和对 ETO 企业的调查,找出了最常见和最关键的问题。其中最关键的问题是难以优化生产绩效 (P3),其 GCI 值为 16,这意味着时间和成本的关键程度相同。随后,利用建议的关键度矩阵进行了分析,使企业能够对决策和资源分配进行优先排序。结果凸显了采用大规模定制战略、创新方法和工作流程优化的重要性。对关键度水平的持续监测和分析也有助于电子贸易机会公司识别新出现的问题,并改进知情决策。利益相关者之间的有效沟通与合作也被认为是至关重要的。未来的研究可以进一步扩大研究样本,并为 ETO 制造公司开发决策支持工具。本研究为 ETO 公司提供了一个新的关键度矩阵,使其更好地了解和应对生产挑战,帮助决策和资源分配,从而为该领域做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 0
When core sorting and quality grading is beneficial to remanufacturers: Insights from analytical models 核心分类和质量分级何时对再制造商有利?分析模型的启示
Pub Date : 2023-07-23 DOI: 10.14743/apem2023.2.465
X.H. Cao, X.L. Shi, H.J. Lan, D. Huang
In this paper, we study the core acquisition and remanufacturing problem in which the remanufactured products are produced from acquired cores with uncertain quality condition, and are used to satisfy customer demand. Decision-making models are developed to examine the potential value of core sorting and quality grading in the remanufacturing system: a single-period model with deterministic demand, and a single-period model with stochastic demand (i.e., a newsvendor-type model). In each model, both the sorting strategy and the non-sorting strategy are discussed and compared. Our theoretical and numerical results show that: (1) In the deterministic demand case, core sorting is cost-effective only when the unit sorting cost is below a threshold value and the unit acquisition cost falls into a specific interval. Furthermore, in the case with two quality grades the adoption of sorting strategy with respect to the expected fraction of high-quality cores may be non-monotone: an initial increase in the expected fraction of high-quality cores may motivate a switch to core sorting, however, further increase in the expected fraction may motivate a reverse switch; (2) Similarly, in the stochastic demand case, the sorting strategy also becomes unattractive when the unit sorting cost is sufficiently high. In addition, the value of core sorting will be better off under more fluctuating demand for remanufactured products if the sorting strategy is the dominant strategy. Otherwise, it will be worse off.
在本文中,我们研究了磁芯获取和再制造问题,在这一问题中,再制造产品是由质量状况不确定的获取磁芯生产的,并用于满足客户需求。本文建立了一些决策模型,以研究再制造系统中芯材分类和质量分级的潜在价值:一个具有确定性需求的单周期模型和一个具有随机性需求的单周期模型(即新闻供应商型模型)。在每个模型中,我们都对分类策略和非分类策略进行了讨论和比较。我们的理论和数值结果表明(1) 在确定性需求的情况下,只有当单位分拣成本低于临界值,且单位采购成本位于特定区间时,核心分拣才具有成本效益。此外,在有两个质量等级的情况下,相对于高质量磁芯的预期分量,采用分拣策略可能是非单调的:高质量磁芯预期分量的最初增加可能会促使转向磁芯分拣,然而,预期分量的进一步增加可能会促使反向转换;(2) 同样,在随机需求情况下,当单位分拣成本足够高时,分拣策略也变得缺乏吸引力。此外,在再制造产品需求波动较大的情况下,如果分拣策略是主导策略,那么核心分拣的价值会更好。否则,情况会更糟。
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引用次数: 0
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Advances in Production Engineering & Management
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