Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2991/absr.k.210810.017
O. M. Shafwah, D. Suhendar, S. Hudiyono
The production process at biogas reactors from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) often faces problems due to limited hydrolysis rates. This limitation occurs due to the formation of mud and lumps which reduce the effective volume of the biogas digester and reduce the potential for biogas produced. The sludge and lumps produced come from the high content and fiber present in the POME. Various treatments have been made such as manual extraction or mechanical stirring or by turbulence through strong fluid pumping. However, these treatments require additional tools, human resources, and energy so that the production process costs continue to increase. As an alternative, the use of lipase and xylanase is promising alternative for pretreatment that can minimize the content of hemicellulose and oil or fat in POME. Lipase can hydrolyze oil and grease into short-chain fatty acids, while xylanase can hydrolyze hemicellulose into its monomer, thus facilitating biogas production. In this study, it was proven that pretreatment with xylanase and lipase was able to reduce total suspended solid (TSS) by 49.21%; total solid (TS) by 34.52% and reducing sugar by 44.37%. Besides, it could reduce oil and grease (83.53%) at a concentration of 4%, increase biogas production by 52.17%, and remove chemical oxygen demand (COD) by 49.7%.
{"title":"Pretreatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Using Lipase and Xylanase to Improve Biogas Production","authors":"O. M. Shafwah, D. Suhendar, S. Hudiyono","doi":"10.2991/absr.k.210810.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210810.017","url":null,"abstract":"The production process at biogas reactors from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) often faces problems due to limited hydrolysis rates. This limitation occurs due to the formation of mud and lumps which reduce the effective volume of the biogas digester and reduce the potential for biogas produced. The sludge and lumps produced come from the high content and fiber present in the POME. Various treatments have been made such as manual extraction or mechanical stirring or by turbulence through strong fluid pumping. However, these treatments require additional tools, human resources, and energy so that the production process costs continue to increase. As an alternative, the use of lipase and xylanase is promising alternative for pretreatment that can minimize the content of hemicellulose and oil or fat in POME. Lipase can hydrolyze oil and grease into short-chain fatty acids, while xylanase can hydrolyze hemicellulose into its monomer, thus facilitating biogas production. In this study, it was proven that pretreatment with xylanase and lipase was able to reduce total suspended solid (TSS) by 49.21%; total solid (TS) by 34.52% and reducing sugar by 44.37%. Besides, it could reduce oil and grease (83.53%) at a concentration of 4%, increase biogas production by 52.17%, and remove chemical oxygen demand (COD) by 49.7%.","PeriodicalId":445882,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 10th International Seminar and 12th Congress of Indonesian Society for Microbiology (ISISM 2019)","volume":"30 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123261980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2991/absr.k.210810.032
R. Simarmata, Ngadiman, M. S. Rohman
Seed inoculation with plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) is an ideal tool to supply the soil with a high density of beneficial microorganisms. However, viability of microorganisms is a major problem during seed treatment and storage. In this research, seed inoculated by PGPB was conducted to prove the presence and colonization the bacteria on the seed and their impact to the germination and plant growth of soybean. Soybean seed was coated by 4 endophytic bacteria strains ( Pseudomonas sp. PIR3C, Pantoea sp. KD6.2, Raoultella sp. PCM8, and Pseudomonas sp. KS12). The ability of the endophytic bacteria to colonize soybean seeds was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Then, we observe the efficacy of endophytic bacteria inoculation on Soybean growth. The result demonstrated that seed inoculation was able to enter and colonize soybean seed. Seed inoculated with Pseudomonas sp. PIR3C and Raoultella sp. PCM8 significantly increased germination, chlorophyll content, shoot length, root length, and shoot diameter. Furthermore, Pseudomonas sp. PIR3C inoculation increased leaf number and dry weight of the soybean seedlings. Therefore, inoculation method by coating seeds with bacteria could be considered as a promising technique to apply inoculants as biofertilizer in improving plant growth and productivity.
{"title":"Bacterial Coating on Seeds as a Potential Application of Bio-inoculants","authors":"R. Simarmata, Ngadiman, M. S. Rohman","doi":"10.2991/absr.k.210810.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210810.032","url":null,"abstract":"Seed inoculation with plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) is an ideal tool to supply the soil with a high density of beneficial microorganisms. However, viability of microorganisms is a major problem during seed treatment and storage. In this research, seed inoculated by PGPB was conducted to prove the presence and colonization the bacteria on the seed and their impact to the germination and plant growth of soybean. Soybean seed was coated by 4 endophytic bacteria strains ( Pseudomonas sp. PIR3C, Pantoea sp. KD6.2, Raoultella sp. PCM8, and Pseudomonas sp. KS12). The ability of the endophytic bacteria to colonize soybean seeds was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Then, we observe the efficacy of endophytic bacteria inoculation on Soybean growth. The result demonstrated that seed inoculation was able to enter and colonize soybean seed. Seed inoculated with Pseudomonas sp. PIR3C and Raoultella sp. PCM8 significantly increased germination, chlorophyll content, shoot length, root length, and shoot diameter. Furthermore, Pseudomonas sp. PIR3C inoculation increased leaf number and dry weight of the soybean seedlings. Therefore, inoculation method by coating seeds with bacteria could be considered as a promising technique to apply inoculants as biofertilizer in improving plant growth and productivity.","PeriodicalId":445882,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 10th International Seminar and 12th Congress of Indonesian Society for Microbiology (ISISM 2019)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128504862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2991/absr.k.210810.011
Fatimawali, B. Kepel, M. A. Gani, T. Tallei
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of mercury contamination on bacterial community and structure in the contaminated soil at the mining waste disposal site (sample1) compare with uncontaminated soil (sample2). Mercury level was analyzed using the CVAFS method, and analysis of bacterial composition was carried out using metagenomic data generated from the V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA obtained from paired-end Illumina MiSeq reads. The results showed that the mercury level in sample 1 and 2 were 230 and 1.5 mg/kg, respectively. Metagenomic analysis showed that there were 57,031 reads in sample 1, consisting of 16 phyla, and 53,525 reads in sample 2, consisting of 15 phyla. Firmicutes was the most abundant phylum in sample 1, followed by Proteobacteria , Planctomycetes, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria , and Chlorophlexi . Sample 2 was dominated by Firmicutes, followed by Proteobacteria and Planctomycetes . Bacilli was the most abundant class in sample 1, followed by Gammaproteobacteria and Planctomycetia . Bacilli was also the most abundant class in sample 2, followed by Clostridia. The predominating families in both samples were Bacillaceae. Aeromonadaceae was a large family after Bacillaceae in sample 1, and Peptostreptococcaceae in sample 2. This study provides an understanding of the microbial community structure in an area that is highly contaminated with mercury to open insight into the potential of these bacteria for mercury bioremediation.
{"title":"Analysis of Bacterial Community Structure and Diversity in Traditional Gold Mining Waste Disposal Site by Using a Metabarcoding Approach","authors":"Fatimawali, B. Kepel, M. A. Gani, T. Tallei","doi":"10.2991/absr.k.210810.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210810.011","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of mercury contamination on bacterial community and structure in the contaminated soil at the mining waste disposal site (sample1) compare with uncontaminated soil (sample2). Mercury level was analyzed using the CVAFS method, and analysis of bacterial composition was carried out using metagenomic data generated from the V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA obtained from paired-end Illumina MiSeq reads. The results showed that the mercury level in sample 1 and 2 were 230 and 1.5 mg/kg, respectively. Metagenomic analysis showed that there were 57,031 reads in sample 1, consisting of 16 phyla, and 53,525 reads in sample 2, consisting of 15 phyla. Firmicutes was the most abundant phylum in sample 1, followed by Proteobacteria , Planctomycetes, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria , and Chlorophlexi . Sample 2 was dominated by Firmicutes, followed by Proteobacteria and Planctomycetes . Bacilli was the most abundant class in sample 1, followed by Gammaproteobacteria and Planctomycetia . Bacilli was also the most abundant class in sample 2, followed by Clostridia. The predominating families in both samples were Bacillaceae. Aeromonadaceae was a large family after Bacillaceae in sample 1, and Peptostreptococcaceae in sample 2. This study provides an understanding of the microbial community structure in an area that is highly contaminated with mercury to open insight into the potential of these bacteria for mercury bioremediation.","PeriodicalId":445882,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 10th International Seminar and 12th Congress of Indonesian Society for Microbiology (ISISM 2019)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128380429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2991/absr.k.210810.033
R. Sagasiousman, S. Khairani
Infectious diseases in reptiles are one of the biggest causes of morbidity and mortality, related to immunosuppressive factors. Disease in Olive Ridley Sea Turtle arise because ineligible ecosystem in the sea, like bacterial infection. In the world, there are seven species of Sea Turtles, such as: Chelonia mydas, Caretta caretta, Dermochelys coriacea, Eretmochelys imbricata, Natator depressus, Lepidochelys olivacea and Lepidochelys kempii. Six species of Sea Turtles are listed as endangered and are included in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list. The aim of this study was to identify the bacteria that caused the death of Olive Ridley Sea Turtle. Bacteria were isolated from 15 wounds in the Ridley Olive Turtle in captivity and in the water of breeding ponds, collected using three bacterial growth media, Nutrient Agar with 1% NaCl, Mac Conkey Agar and Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salt Agar. Bacteria were isolated by swabs. The results showed that Streptococcus spp., Bacillus subtilis, Aeromonas hydrophila, Citrobacter freundii, Vibrio fluvialis, and V. anguillarum were found in Olive Ridley Sea Turtle wounds. Meanwhile, Streptococcus spp., A. hydrophila, and V. parahaemolyticus were found in the water of breeding ponds. In conclusion, Streptococcus spp., A. hydrophila, C. freundii, V. fluvialis and V. anguillarum suspected as the cause of death the Olive Ridley Sea Turtle.
{"title":"Microbial Isolations from Olive Ridley Sea Turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) in Alas Purwo National Park, Indonesia","authors":"R. Sagasiousman, S. Khairani","doi":"10.2991/absr.k.210810.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210810.033","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious diseases in reptiles are one of the biggest causes of morbidity and mortality, related to immunosuppressive factors. Disease in Olive Ridley Sea Turtle arise because ineligible ecosystem in the sea, like bacterial infection. In the world, there are seven species of Sea Turtles, such as: Chelonia mydas, Caretta caretta, Dermochelys coriacea, Eretmochelys imbricata, Natator depressus, Lepidochelys olivacea and Lepidochelys kempii. Six species of Sea Turtles are listed as endangered and are included in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list. The aim of this study was to identify the bacteria that caused the death of Olive Ridley Sea Turtle. Bacteria were isolated from 15 wounds in the Ridley Olive Turtle in captivity and in the water of breeding ponds, collected using three bacterial growth media, Nutrient Agar with 1% NaCl, Mac Conkey Agar and Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salt Agar. Bacteria were isolated by swabs. The results showed that Streptococcus spp., Bacillus subtilis, Aeromonas hydrophila, Citrobacter freundii, Vibrio fluvialis, and V. anguillarum were found in Olive Ridley Sea Turtle wounds. Meanwhile, Streptococcus spp., A. hydrophila, and V. parahaemolyticus were found in the water of breeding ponds. In conclusion, Streptococcus spp., A. hydrophila, C. freundii, V. fluvialis and V. anguillarum suspected as the cause of death the Olive Ridley Sea Turtle.","PeriodicalId":445882,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 10th International Seminar and 12th Congress of Indonesian Society for Microbiology (ISISM 2019)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133274846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2991/absr.k.210810.025
D. Ashari, R. Utami, A. M. Sari, A. Nursiwi, A. Nissa
Salmonella typhimurium , Eschericia coli , Pseudomonas fluorescense , and Aspergillus niger are common contaminants in food. Microbial contamination in food may lead to food spoilage and foodborne diseases. The development of new antimicrobial agent, especially from natural resources is needed to prevent microbial contamination. In this study, 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2% (v/v) ginger ( Zingiber officinale var. amarum) essential oil (EO) was combined with 62.5, 125, 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 IU of nisin to inhibit the growth of S. typhimurium , E. coli , P. fluorescens , and A. niger . Microdilution method was used to identify the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of that combination. Combination of 62.5 IU and 0.125% could inhibit the growth of A. niger , 62.5 IU and 1% EO inhibited the growth of E. coli and Pseudomonas fluorescens , and 62.5 IU added with 2% EO was able to inhibit the growth of S. typhimurium . The effect of combination was analysed by comparing the concentration of nisin or EO needed to inhibit the growth of microorganism with the concentration of combinated nisin and EO. The combination showed indiffence effect on Bacillus cereus, on Aspergillus niger it showed partial synergist effect, and on Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Eschericia coli it produced antagonistic effect. The use of nisin, ginger EO, and the combination of ginger and nisin can be used as one of the alternative of antimicrobial agent and food preservative agent since it can inhibit the growth of food spoilage microorganisms and foodborne pathogen.
{"title":"The Development of Antimicrobial and Food Preservative Agents from the Combination of Emprit Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. amarum) and Nisin","authors":"D. Ashari, R. Utami, A. M. Sari, A. Nursiwi, A. Nissa","doi":"10.2991/absr.k.210810.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210810.025","url":null,"abstract":"Salmonella typhimurium , Eschericia coli , Pseudomonas fluorescense , and Aspergillus niger are common contaminants in food. Microbial contamination in food may lead to food spoilage and foodborne diseases. The development of new antimicrobial agent, especially from natural resources is needed to prevent microbial contamination. In this study, 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2% (v/v) ginger ( Zingiber officinale var. amarum) essential oil (EO) was combined with 62.5, 125, 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 IU of nisin to inhibit the growth of S. typhimurium , E. coli , P. fluorescens , and A. niger . Microdilution method was used to identify the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of that combination. Combination of 62.5 IU and 0.125% could inhibit the growth of A. niger , 62.5 IU and 1% EO inhibited the growth of E. coli and Pseudomonas fluorescens , and 62.5 IU added with 2% EO was able to inhibit the growth of S. typhimurium . The effect of combination was analysed by comparing the concentration of nisin or EO needed to inhibit the growth of microorganism with the concentration of combinated nisin and EO. The combination showed indiffence effect on Bacillus cereus, on Aspergillus niger it showed partial synergist effect, and on Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Eschericia coli it produced antagonistic effect. The use of nisin, ginger EO, and the combination of ginger and nisin can be used as one of the alternative of antimicrobial agent and food preservative agent since it can inhibit the growth of food spoilage microorganisms and foodborne pathogen.","PeriodicalId":445882,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 10th International Seminar and 12th Congress of Indonesian Society for Microbiology (ISISM 2019)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131903727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2991/absr.k.210810.035
Sutami, R. Rosariastuti, Purwanto
Industrial waste containing heavy metals used for wetland irrigation will affect the heavy metals content in the soil. The accumulation of heavy metals in the soil may result in reducing microbial activity, soil fertility, soil quality, and heavy metals compounds in agricultural products. Agricultural products contaminated by heavy metals can influence human health. The purpose of this study was to reduce the Pb content in Pb contaminated paddy fields. This research was conducted in a contaminated paddy field using factorial research and a Completely Randomized Block Design consisting of 3 factors : P (Inorganic fertilizer), B (Bioremediation agents), T (Ramie). Every treatment combination was repeated 3 times. This study used a combination of Ramie with Rhizobium sp. I3 or manure as bioremediation agents to improve Pb uptake by plants so could decrease soil Pb. The results showed that the bioremediation agents were able to increase Pb uptake by Ramie. Rhizobium sp. I3 gave the highest Pb uptake of 103.77 mg.kg-1 or 2 more times than control. The best treatment in decreasing Pb is with inorganic fertilizer, Rhizobium sp. I3 and Ramie (P1B1T1) with Pb soil 8.57 mg.kg-1 or 8.4 % than control and with inorganic fertilizer..
{"title":"Remediation of Lead Contaminated Paddy Field Using Ramie Plants Combined with Bioremediation Agents and Inorganic Fertilizer","authors":"Sutami, R. Rosariastuti, Purwanto","doi":"10.2991/absr.k.210810.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210810.035","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial waste containing heavy metals used for wetland irrigation will affect the heavy metals content in the soil. The accumulation of heavy metals in the soil may result in reducing microbial activity, soil fertility, soil quality, and heavy metals compounds in agricultural products. Agricultural products contaminated by heavy metals can influence human health. The purpose of this study was to reduce the Pb content in Pb contaminated paddy fields. This research was conducted in a contaminated paddy field using factorial research and a Completely Randomized Block Design consisting of 3 factors : P (Inorganic fertilizer), B (Bioremediation agents), T (Ramie). Every treatment combination was repeated 3 times. This study used a combination of Ramie with Rhizobium sp. I3 or manure as bioremediation agents to improve Pb uptake by plants so could decrease soil Pb. The results showed that the bioremediation agents were able to increase Pb uptake by Ramie. Rhizobium sp. I3 gave the highest Pb uptake of 103.77 mg.kg-1 or 2 more times than control. The best treatment in decreasing Pb is with inorganic fertilizer, Rhizobium sp. I3 and Ramie (P1B1T1) with Pb soil 8.57 mg.kg-1 or 8.4 % than control and with inorganic fertilizer..","PeriodicalId":445882,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 10th International Seminar and 12th Congress of Indonesian Society for Microbiology (ISISM 2019)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127615395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2991/absr.k.210810.002
A. Nurfitriani, M. Mahendradatta, A. Laga, Zainal
Purple yam sap extracts have secondary metabolite components which can be utilized as an antibacterial property. Secondary metabolite compounds found from the result of the preliminary study include saponins, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, and triterpenoids. The aim of this study was to analyze the antibacterial activity of sap extracts towards the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. The maceration method of 96% ethanol as a solvent was used to obtain purple yam sap extracts with a 48-hour maceration time. The effectiveness of bacterial inhibition zones based on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was carried out by testing eight concentrations of 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.04%, 0.06%, 0.08%, 0.15%, 0.20%, and 0.25% with tetracycline as a positive control and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a negative control. The results showed that the minimum inhibition of purple yam sap extracts with the 0.01% concentration inhibited the growth of gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with a medium category of inhibition zone of 8.62 mm. On the other hand, gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria form a minimum inhibition zone of 9.30 mm. The maximum extract concentration in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria was 0.25% (21.77 mm,13.35 mm), which was categorized as the strongest inhibition zone for bacterial growth. Accordingly, purple yam sap extracts macerated with 96% ethanol during the 48hour period with 0.01% extract concentration were effective in inhibiting the growth of gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli).
{"title":"Antibacterial Effectiveness of Purple Yam (Dioscorea alata L) Sap Extract in Inhibiting the Growth of Staphylococcus aureus & Escherichia coli","authors":"A. Nurfitriani, M. Mahendradatta, A. Laga, Zainal","doi":"10.2991/absr.k.210810.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210810.002","url":null,"abstract":"Purple yam sap extracts have secondary metabolite components which can be utilized as an antibacterial property. Secondary metabolite compounds found from the result of the preliminary study include saponins, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, and triterpenoids. The aim of this study was to analyze the antibacterial activity of sap extracts towards the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. The maceration method of 96% ethanol as a solvent was used to obtain purple yam sap extracts with a 48-hour maceration time. The effectiveness of bacterial inhibition zones based on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was carried out by testing eight concentrations of 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.04%, 0.06%, 0.08%, 0.15%, 0.20%, and 0.25% with tetracycline as a positive control and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a negative control. The results showed that the minimum inhibition of purple yam sap extracts with the 0.01% concentration inhibited the growth of gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with a medium category of inhibition zone of 8.62 mm. On the other hand, gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria form a minimum inhibition zone of 9.30 mm. The maximum extract concentration in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria was 0.25% (21.77 mm,13.35 mm), which was categorized as the strongest inhibition zone for bacterial growth. Accordingly, purple yam sap extracts macerated with 96% ethanol during the 48hour period with 0.01% extract concentration were effective in inhibiting the growth of gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli).","PeriodicalId":445882,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 10th International Seminar and 12th Congress of Indonesian Society for Microbiology (ISISM 2019)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116979666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2991/absr.k.210810.031
R. Abdiwibowo, Z. Bachruddin, A. Kurniawati
Protein feed is an essential nutrient for livestock production, but it is easily spoiled if not appropriately handled. This study aimed to determine the effect storage time aerobically and turmeric ( Curcuma longa ) addition on chemical and physical properties on fermented, fortified, and protected protein (2F2P) as a feed additive. The high protein feeds as concentrate protein fermented by lactic acid bacteria, tempeh starter, and fermented ethanol starter. The fermentations were incubated at room temperature anaerobically. Meanwhile, protected and fortified of fermented concentrate protein was done by carbohydrate, oil, mineral addition, and heated. This study runs two treatments, the first treatment was the addition of 3% turmeric and without the addition of turmeric, and the second treatment was difference storage time aerobically at 0 and 20 days and room temperature. Storage time that to long causing feed damage because fungal and bacterial contaminants, so that necessary addition antioxidant ingredient like a turmeric to extend storage time. Each treatment had six replications. The variables observed included organoleptic observations consisting of (color, odor, texture, and fungal contaminants). Chemical quality consists of pH value, Aflatoxins, proximate analysis (dry ingredients, organic matter, crude protein, and fat). Physical parameters discussed descriptively. The result of this study showed that addition of turmeric had significant effect (P <0.05) in maintaining on the content of organic matter, crude fat, crude protein, aflatoxin, and FFA contamination, but the addition of turmeric did not effect on pH and organic matter content (P> 0.05). The addition of 3% turmeric can maintain chemical and physical quality, as well influence in reducing aflatoxin contamination from protein fermented, protected, and fortified in storage for 20 days, so that the quality of feed maintained during storage.
{"title":"Lactic Acid Bacteria Fermentation of High Protein Feeds: Effect Storage Time Aerobically and Turmeric (Curcuma Longa) Addition on Quality of Fermented, Fortified and Protected Protein Feed","authors":"R. Abdiwibowo, Z. Bachruddin, A. Kurniawati","doi":"10.2991/absr.k.210810.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210810.031","url":null,"abstract":"Protein feed is an essential nutrient for livestock production, but it is easily spoiled if not appropriately handled. This study aimed to determine the effect storage time aerobically and turmeric ( Curcuma longa ) addition on chemical and physical properties on fermented, fortified, and protected protein (2F2P) as a feed additive. The high protein feeds as concentrate protein fermented by lactic acid bacteria, tempeh starter, and fermented ethanol starter. The fermentations were incubated at room temperature anaerobically. Meanwhile, protected and fortified of fermented concentrate protein was done by carbohydrate, oil, mineral addition, and heated. This study runs two treatments, the first treatment was the addition of 3% turmeric and without the addition of turmeric, and the second treatment was difference storage time aerobically at 0 and 20 days and room temperature. Storage time that to long causing feed damage because fungal and bacterial contaminants, so that necessary addition antioxidant ingredient like a turmeric to extend storage time. Each treatment had six replications. The variables observed included organoleptic observations consisting of (color, odor, texture, and fungal contaminants). Chemical quality consists of pH value, Aflatoxins, proximate analysis (dry ingredients, organic matter, crude protein, and fat). Physical parameters discussed descriptively. The result of this study showed that addition of turmeric had significant effect (P <0.05) in maintaining on the content of organic matter, crude fat, crude protein, aflatoxin, and FFA contamination, but the addition of turmeric did not effect on pH and organic matter content (P> 0.05). The addition of 3% turmeric can maintain chemical and physical quality, as well influence in reducing aflatoxin contamination from protein fermented, protected, and fortified in storage for 20 days, so that the quality of feed maintained during storage.","PeriodicalId":445882,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 10th International Seminar and 12th Congress of Indonesian Society for Microbiology (ISISM 2019)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126391186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2991/absr.k.210810.018
R. Cahyati, S. Hudiyono, I. Helianti
{"title":"Modification and Optimization of Low-cost Medium for Recombinant Alkalothermophilic Xylanase Production from Pichia pastoris KM71","authors":"R. Cahyati, S. Hudiyono, I. Helianti","doi":"10.2991/absr.k.210810.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210810.018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":445882,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 10th International Seminar and 12th Congress of Indonesian Society for Microbiology (ISISM 2019)","volume":"264 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129826206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：