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Towards the determination of driving factors of varying LST-LCZ relationships: A case study over 25 cities 城市地级市与城市地级市关系的驱动因素分析——以25个城市为例
IF 1.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/gp23-24238
Rostam Gholami Mehdi, C. Beck
The current study aimed to prove the existence of a significant relation between land surface temperature (LST) and local climate zones (LCZs) and its possibility to be generalized to all cities around the world with different climatic zones and characteristics. The further step in this regard was to find the effective climatic and geographical variables affecting this potential relation. For that, 25 cities all around the world with various climatic conditions were selected based on the availability of appropriate satellite images and level zero data on the World Urban Database and Portal Tool (WUDAPT). After acquiring both LST and LCZ maps the comparison between them was made with the Wilcoxon rank sum test indicating the existence of any meaningful pattern. Then, 8 climatic and geographical variables and all possible combinations thereof were assessed to determine the effective drivers on the LST-LCZ relationship. The results showed that the combination of the latitude, mean and maximum annual temperature affected this connection more than any other considered variables.
本研究旨在证明地表温度(LST)与局地气候带(lcz)之间存在显著的相关关系,并有可能推广到全球所有具有不同气候带和特征的城市。在这方面的进一步步骤是找出影响这种潜在关系的有效气候和地理变量。为此,根据可获得的适当卫星图像和世界城市数据库和门户工具(WUDAPT)上的零级数据,选择了世界各地具有不同气候条件的25个城市。在获得LST和LCZ图后,用Wilcoxon秩和检验比较它们之间是否存在有意义的模式。然后,对8个气候和地理变量及其所有可能的组合进行评估,以确定LST-LCZ关系的有效驱动因素。结果表明,纬度、年平均温度和最高温度的组合对这种联系的影响大于任何其他考虑的变量。
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引用次数: 10
Analysis of the urban heat island intensity based on air temperature measurements in a renovated part of Budapest (Hungary) 基于气温测量的匈牙利布达佩斯翻新部分城市热岛强度分析
IF 1.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/gp23-23839
Csenge Dian, R. Pongrácz, Dóra Incze, J. Bartholy, A. Talamon
The ratio of buildings, streets, and other artificially covered areas are increasing in cities. Ferencváros is an inner district of Budapest, the capital city of Hungary. For the local government of the district it is an important goal in the framework of the urban development planning to increase the proportion of vegetation since green areas have a mitigating effect for the urban heat island (UHI) intensity. We carried out an in situ measurement program for air temperature and relative humidity with 24 measuring points in Ferencváros, and also completed a green area survey in the renovated part of the district. The main aim of this paper is to analyse the daily cycle and the spatial structure of the UHI intensity based
城市中建筑物、街道和其他人工覆盖区域的比例正在增加。Ferencváros是匈牙利首都布达佩斯的一个内城区。对于该地区的地方政府来说,增加植被的比例是城市发展规划框架中的一个重要目标,因为绿地对城市热岛强度有缓解作用。我们在Ferencváros进行了24个测点的空气温度和相对湿度的原位测量方案,并在该地区的改造部分完成了绿地调查。本文的主要目的是分析城市热岛强度的日周期和空间结构
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引用次数: 10
Serbian citizens' awareness of consumer rights of tourists in the EU 塞尔维亚公民对欧盟游客消费权利的意识
IF 1.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/GP23-20129
I. Blešić, T. Pivac, J. Veselinović, Sava Janićević
This paper analyses the protection of consumers of tourism services in EU law and consumer awareness in this domain in Serbia as a country currently negotiating accession to the EU. Consumer rights in EU tourism are defined by directives and regulations. This paper shall separately analyse two directives and one regulation that directly pertain to the protection of consumers of tourism services. Most legal sources are the codification of business practices of tourist organizations within the EU, but a part of mandatory provisions is the result of the need to protect consumers of tourism services in the domains of tourism in which they are most exposed to violation of their rights. For the needs of this paper, the survey was carried out on the territory of the Republic of Serbia, for the purpose of obtaining information on citizens' awareness of the rights of consumers of tourism services in EU countries. The main aim of this study is to determine how well informed the citizens of Serbia are regarding consumer rights in tourism and legislation that governs those rights.
本文分析了欧盟法律对旅游服务消费者的保护,以及塞尔维亚作为一个正在谈判加入欧盟的国家在这一领域的消费者意识。欧盟旅游中的消费者权利是由指令和法规定义的。本文将分别分析与旅游服务消费者保护直接相关的两项指令和一项法规。大多数法律来源是欧盟内部旅游组织的商业惯例编纂,但强制性规定的一部分是需要保护旅游服务消费者的结果,在旅游领域,他们最容易受到侵犯他们的权利。出于本文的需要,调查是在塞尔维亚共和国境内进行的,目的是获取欧盟国家公民对旅游服务消费者权利意识的信息。这项研究的主要目的是确定塞尔维亚公民对旅游中的消费者权利和管理这些权利的立法的了解程度。
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引用次数: 0
Paths of evolution of territorial identity: The case of former towns in the Katowice conurbation 领土认同演变的路径:以卡托维兹市前城镇为例
IF 1.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/gp23-22018
V. Mihaylov, J. Runge, R. Krzysztofik, Tomasz Spórna
In this study we focus on the evolution of the identity of those urban neighbourhoods which have formerly been separate towns. This problem is discussed using the example of the polycentric conurbation of Katowice in southern Poland, which came into being because of its mining and industrial functions. The administrative integration of this multi-level polycentric urban system is the primary background for the development of those neighbourhoods that used to be separate towns. Assuming that changes in legal and administrative status may have certain consequences regarding the social connections and identity of such neighbourhoods, this study aimed to identify such places within the analysed region. The authors also attempted to construct paths of local identity for such spatial entities, confronting them with the thesis that economic factors make them relatively homogeneous. The implementation of new development factors and the paradoxical diversity of the identities of the former towns in this mining-industrial region are also significant elements of the region's social transformation in terms of economic and spatial development.
在这项研究中,我们关注的是那些以前是独立城镇的城市社区的身份演变。本文以波兰南部卡托维兹多中心城市为例,探讨了这一问题。卡托维兹多中心城市因其矿业和工业功能而形成。这种多层次多中心城市系统的行政整合是那些曾经是独立城镇的社区发展的主要背景。假设法律和行政地位的变化可能对这些社区的社会联系和特性产生某些影响,本研究的目的是在所分析的区域内确定这些地方。作者还试图为这些空间实体构建地方认同的路径,让它们面对经济因素使它们相对同质的论点。从经济和空间发展的角度来看,新发展因素的实施和这个采矿业地区前城镇身份的矛盾多样性也是该地区社会转型的重要因素。
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引用次数: 4
The ethical dimension of travel agencies business in changing business environment (Serbia): Employees' attitudes vs. employees' conduct expected by management 不断变化的商业环境中旅行社业务的道德维度(塞尔维亚):员工的态度与管理层期望的员工行为
IF 1.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/GP23-16828
Karolina Simat, A. Dragin, Vanja Pavluković, Slobodanka Markov
The purpose of the paper is to provide an empirical study of employees’ ethical behavior in travel and tourism industry. A survey research was done in 2012 in the Republic of Serbia among employees in travel agencies as one of the most important subjects in heterogeneous structure of travel and tourism industry, using a questionnaire designed according to the basic theoretical principles of professional ethics. Dealing with the issue of ethical responsibility of employees in travel agencies, this work examines whether employees have business ethics awareness and what kind of individual and corporate social responsibility as part of business environment is undertaken in this regard. The findings of the study showed that employees of travel agencies are ready to act in an ethical manner, although it is the opposite of management attitudes in specific situations. Finally, the paper provides a critical evaluation of entrepreneurial activities and obstacles that travel agencies encounter while operating in the Serbian economy in transition.
本文的目的是对旅游行业员工道德行为进行实证研究。2012年在塞尔维亚共和国对旅行社员工进行了调查研究,这是旅游业异质结构中最重要的研究对象之一,使用了根据职业道德基本理论原则设计的问卷。针对旅行社员工的道德责任问题,本研究考察了员工是否具有商业道德意识,以及作为商业环境的一部分,在这方面承担了什么样的个人和企业社会责任。研究结果显示,旅行社员工愿意以合乎道德的方式行事,尽管在特定情况下这与管理层的态度相反。最后,本文对旅行社在塞尔维亚经济转型中经营时遇到的创业活动和障碍进行了批判性评估。
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引用次数: 0
Danube River discharge at Bezdan gauging station (Serbia) and its correlation with atmospheric circulation patterns 塞尔维亚Bezdan测量站多瑙河流量及其与大气环流型的相关性
IF 1.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/GP23-18514
D. Dolinaj, I. Leščešen, M. Pantelic, Marko Urosev, Dragana Milijašević-Joksimović
For understanding hydroclimatological process chain it is crucial to identify relations between largescale climatic circulations and river discharge. The Danube is one of the most important European waterways, flowing 2.857 kilometers across the Europe and with 817.000 km2 basin. Danube River average and maximum discharges are correlated with eight atmospheric circulation patterns indices: AOi, EAi, EA/WRi, ENSOi, MOi, NAOi, SCANDi and WeMOi in 65 years period at the Bezdan gauging station in Serbia. Obtained results showed that precipitation, MOi and WeMOi have constant and dominant influences on Danube River average discharge at Bezdan gauging station, while maximum discharge is mainly influenced by precipitation and MOi. All registered correlations are positive.
为了理解水文气候过程链,确定大尺度气候环流与河流流量之间的关系至关重要。多瑙河是欧洲最重要的水道之一,全长2857公里,流域面积81.7万平方公里。塞尔维亚Bezdan测量站65年来多瑙河平均和最大流量与AOi、EAi、EA/WRi、ENSOi、MOi、NAOi、SCANDi和WeMOi 8个大气环流型指数相关。结果表明,降水、MOi和WeMOi对Bezdan站点多瑙河平均流量具有恒定的主导影响,而最大流量主要受降水和MOi的影响。所有登记的相关性都是正的。
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引用次数: 1
Understanding physical environment through safe highway transport mobility with special review on climate: The highway route Belgrade-Novi Sad, Serbia 通过对气候进行特别审查的安全公路运输机动了解物理环境:塞尔维亚贝尔格莱德-诺维萨德公路路线
IF 1.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/GP23-19285
I. Sentić, T. Đorđević
This paper focuses on the highway corridor Belgrade-Novi Sad, Serbia and the relationship between the highway and surrounding nature, as an integral part of the spatial entity which the highway belongs to. The paper emphasizes a high importance of studying the physical-geographical factors in the process of highway construction in order to achieve high level of traffic safety. Particular attention was directed to climate elements – the factors that are not so visible, but still may pose a great risk to road safety. Data were taken from CARPATCLIM database and their evaluation was confirmed by the data obtained from CHEK-LISTS. It was found that the climate elements have a strong influence, but it can be successfully controlled by vegetation. Landscape design of both sides of the highway may offer a possibility of mitigating the influence of climate elements, which was also pointed out in the paper.
本文主要研究塞尔维亚贝尔格莱德-诺维萨德高速公路走廊及其与周边自然环境的关系,将其作为高速公路所属空间实体的组成部分。本文强调了在公路建设过程中对自然地理因素进行研究的重要性,以实现高水平的交通安全。特别注意的是气候因素,这些因素不太明显,但仍可能对道路安全构成巨大风险。数据来自CARPATCLIM数据库,并通过check - lists获得的数据进行评估。研究发现,气候要素对其影响较大,但可以通过植被控制。公路两侧的景观设计为缓解气候因素的影响提供了可能,并指出了这一点。
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引用次数: 2
Intergenerational differences in memories of Yugoslavia: The case of Slovenia 南斯拉夫记忆的代际差异:以斯洛文尼亚为例
IF 1.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/gp23-21233
Katja Vintar-Mally, Tatjana Resnik-Planinc
Over the 50-year history of Yugoslavia, there were rises and falls, successes and failures, bright and dark moments. It is thus not surprising that the many memories that people have of life in Yugoslavia are often diametrically opposed. These divergent memories of Yugoslavia are the central topic of our research. The study focuses on memories and their transmission from older to younger generations and is based on the results of a survey that was carried out in the Republic of Slovenia. The research has clearly shown that positively tinged memories of Yugoslavia predominate in the families of younger as well as older generations on the one hand while on the other hand it has become obvious that Yugonostalgia is nostalgia for something from the past and it is not a desire to experience or revive that in the present.
在南斯拉夫50年的历史中,有起有落,有成功也有失败,有光明也有黑暗。因此,人们对南斯拉夫生活的许多记忆往往是截然相反的,这并不奇怪。这些关于南斯拉夫的不同记忆是我们研究的中心主题。这项研究的重点是记忆及其从老年人到年轻一代的传递,并基于在斯洛文尼亚共和国进行的一项调查的结果。研究清楚地表明,一方面,对南斯拉夫的积极记忆在年轻一代和老一代的家庭中占主导地位,而另一方面,对南斯拉夫的怀念显然是对过去的东西的怀念,而不是在现在体验或恢复它的愿望。
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引用次数: 0
Heat-related mortality as an indicator of population vulnerability in a mid-sized Central European city (Novi Sad, Serbia, summer 2015) 热相关死亡率作为中欧一个中等城市人口脆弱性的指标(2015年夏季,塞尔维亚诺维萨德)
IF 1.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/gp23-22680
D. Arsenović, S. Savić, Z. Lužanin, I. Radić, D. Milošević, M. Arsić
Hot summers with several intensive heat waves lead to strong heat-related mortality in Central and Southeast European cities. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate association between maximum temaprature and mortality during the summer period in 2015 and to contribute to the future long-term assessment of heat-related mortality in urban population. The daily number of deaths of all causes and cause-specific mortality for the population of Novi Sad were used, as well as hourly air temperature data from the Novi Sad urban network (NSUNET) system. Four heat waves were detect-ed using the Huth and Kysely methods. Three heat wave periods lasted longer than ten days. In July and August, 45% of days had a maximum temperature above 30 ºC, and more than 70% of days had a maximum temperature above 25 ºC. The average number of deaths was higher during the heat wave days. Significant association was found between Tmax and all-cause, cardiorespiratory, non-cardiorespiratory in total population, all-cause and cardiorespiratory mortality in the age group 65 and over. This study demonstrates a high magnitude of relation between mortality and temperature. Finally, the results show that population in urban areas is highly vulnerable during heat waves.
炎热的夏季伴随着几次强烈的热浪,导致中欧和东南欧城市与高温相关的死亡率很高。因此,本研究的目的是评估2015年夏季最高温度与死亡率之间的关系,并为未来对城市人口热相关死亡率的长期评估做出贡献。使用了诺维萨德人口的每日各种原因死亡人数和特定原因死亡率,以及来自诺维萨德城市网络(NSUNET)系统的每小时气温数据。使用Huth和Kysely的方法检测到四个热浪。有三次热浪持续时间超过十天。7、8月最高气温在30℃以上的天数占45%,最高气温在25℃以上的天数占70%以上。热浪天的平均死亡人数更高。Tmax与总人口的全因死亡率、心肺死亡率、非心肺死亡率、65岁及以上年龄组的全因死亡率和心肺死亡率之间存在显著相关性。这项研究表明死亡率和温度之间有很大的关系。最后,结果表明,城市地区的人口在热浪中非常脆弱。
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引用次数: 18
Heat-waves and mortality in Czech cities: A case study for the summers of 2015 and 2016 捷克城市的热浪和死亡率:2015年和2016年夏季的案例研究
IF 1.8 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/gp23-22853
D. Arsenović, M. Lehnert, David Fiedor, Petr Šimáček, H. Středová, T. Středa, S. Savić
The aim of this paper was to assess the impact of heat-waves on mortality in ten Czech cities, using data recorded during the summers of 2015 and 2016. Temperature-related mortality during heat-waves was investigated by comparing mortality figures on heat-wave days and those on other days by means of the Mann-Whitney U test. Results for all-cause mortality, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases (CVD+R) mortality, as well as for mortality in the over-65 age group, show statistically significant differences (p <0.05) during heat-waves compared with other days in seven of ten cities investigated. The effect of heat-waves on mortality did not reach statistical significance in Olomouc, Plzeň and Liberec. The results suggest that further studies addressing spatial patterns of mortality during heat-waves in urban areas are required to assess the vulnerability of the urban populations in particular cities and types of neighbourhood.
本文的目的是利用2015年和2016年夏季记录的数据,评估热浪对捷克10个城市死亡率的影响。采用Mann-Whitney U检验,比较了热浪日和其他日的死亡率,研究了热浪期间与温度相关的死亡率。在调查的10个城市中,有7个城市的全因死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病(CVD+R)死亡率以及65岁以上年龄组死亡率的结果显示,热浪期间与其他日子相比,有统计学显著差异(p <0.05)。热浪对死亡率的影响在奥洛穆茨、普列泽普和利贝雷茨没有达到统计学意义。结果表明,需要进一步研究城市地区热浪期间死亡率的空间格局,以评估特定城市和社区类型的城市人口的脆弱性。
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引用次数: 20
期刊
Geographica Pannonica
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