Excessive use of alcoholic beverages, tobacco or marijuana is problematic not only for adults, but in some countries, it is a significant problem for children. However, the reasons for differences in children's risk behavior, as well as the reasons for risk behavior itself, are not yet fully understood. In this article we focused on the association between the quality of the school and home environment (and their surroundings) as perceived by children themselves and their risk behavior in relation to the use of selected substances. We worked with group of 343 9th grade primary school pupils in different types of neighborhoods. The results of our research show that at least some aspects of the quality of the physical environment have an impact on children's risk behavior.
{"title":"The influence of home and school environments on alcoholic beverages, tobacco and marijuana consumption by adolescents in Prague and Brno","authors":"Irena Honsnejmanová, J. Jarolímek","doi":"10.5937/gp25-33242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp25-33242","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive use of alcoholic beverages, tobacco or marijuana is problematic not only for adults, but in some countries, it is a significant problem for children. However, the reasons for differences in children's risk behavior, as well as the reasons for risk behavior itself, are not yet fully understood. In this article we focused on the association between the quality of the school and home environment (and their surroundings) as perceived by children themselves and their risk behavior in relation to the use of selected substances. We worked with group of 343 9th grade primary school pupils in different types of neighborhoods. The results of our research show that at least some aspects of the quality of the physical environment have an impact on children's risk behavior.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper analyses the databases Urban Atlas (UA), Imperviousness, and CORINE Land Cover (CLC) for the largest cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). The UA database contains information for five functional urban zones with more than 100,000 inhabitants: Sarajevo, Banja Luka, Tuzla, Mostar, and Zenica. The Imperviousness database is related to the subclasses of the urban atlas because the impermeability percentage has been used for a more detailed classification within the discontinuous urban area. The CLC database provides insight into the intensity of expansion of these cities during three six-year periods: 2000-2006, 2006-2012, and 2012-2018. The research has been used to analyse the expansion of urban zones, the structure, and form of cities, and the impact of urban expansion on the surrounding area. The results of the research show that, despite the negative demographic trends, there is a trend of urban expansion in B&H, mainly over the agricultural land. According to the CLC database in the period 2000-2018, artificial areas increased in spatial coverage from 1.35% to 1.7%, and urban fabric from 0.99% to 1.27%. The Imperviousness database shows that in 2018sealed areas covered 1.59% and built-up areas 0.8% of the territory of B&H. The 2013 census showed that the number of inhabitants in all five functional urban areas decreased compared to 1991, but despite that fact, the expansion of urban zones continues with a weaker or stronger intensity. So far, there has been no research on urban development based on the high-resolution layers UA and Imperviousness database in B&H, so that such research is the most significant contribution of this article.
本文分析了波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那(B&H)最大城市的Urban Atlas (UA)、Imperviousness和CORINE Land Cover (CLC)数据库。UA数据库包含人口超过10万的五个功能区的信息:萨拉热窝、巴尼亚卢卡、图兹拉、莫斯塔尔和泽尼察。不透水性数据库与城市地图集的子类相关，因为不透水性百分比已被用于不连续城市区域内更详细的分类。CLC数据库提供了这些城市在2000-2006年、2006-2012年和2012-2018年三个六年期间的扩张强度。该研究被用于分析城市区域的扩张，城市的结构和形式，以及城市扩张对周边地区的影响。研究结果表明，尽管人口趋势是消极的，但B&H的城市扩张趋势仍然存在，主要是在农业用地上。CLC数据库显示，2000-2018年期间，人工区域的空间覆盖率从1.35%增加到1.7%，城市肌理从0.99%增加到1.27%。Imperviousness数据库显示，2018年，B&H的密封面积占其领土的1.59%，建成区占其领土的0.8%。2013年的人口普查显示，与1991年相比，五个功能区的居民人数都有所减少，但尽管如此，城市区域的扩张仍在继续，强度或弱或强。到目前为止，B&H还没有基于高分辨率层UA和Imperviousness数据库的城市发展研究，因此这一研究是本文最重要的贡献。
{"title":"Urban expansion of the largest cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina over the period 2000-2018","authors":"Branislava Drašković","doi":"10.5937/gp25-32535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp25-32535","url":null,"abstract":"The paper analyses the databases Urban Atlas (UA), Imperviousness, and CORINE Land Cover (CLC) for the largest cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). The UA database contains information for five functional urban zones with more than 100,000 inhabitants: Sarajevo, Banja Luka, Tuzla, Mostar, and Zenica. The Imperviousness database is related to the subclasses of the urban atlas because the impermeability percentage has been used for a more detailed classification within the discontinuous urban area. The CLC database provides insight into the intensity of expansion of these cities during three six-year periods: 2000-2006, 2006-2012, and 2012-2018. The research has been used to analyse the expansion of urban zones, the structure, and form of cities, and the impact of urban expansion on the surrounding area. The results of the research show that, despite the negative demographic trends, there is a trend of urban expansion in B&H, mainly over the agricultural land. According to the CLC database in the period 2000-2018, artificial areas increased in spatial coverage from 1.35% to 1.7%, and urban fabric from 0.99% to 1.27%. The Imperviousness database shows that in 2018sealed areas covered 1.59% and built-up areas 0.8% of the territory of B&H. The 2013 census showed that the number of inhabitants in all five functional urban areas decreased compared to 1991, but despite that fact, the expansion of urban zones continues with a weaker or stronger intensity. So far, there has been no research on urban development based on the high-resolution layers UA and Imperviousness database in B&H, so that such research is the most significant contribution of this article.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suyudi Habibi Akbari, Arif Darmawan, Jessica Sitorus Elisabeth
The coastal area of Pekalongan, especially the estuary area of the Banger River, Loji River, and Gabus River, are often experiencing to tidal floods. Tidal Floods that occur pose a great risk due to the sedimentation of river mouths and floods from the watershed to the coastal area of Pekalongan. This study aims to assess the impact of climate change on flood frequency patterns and the contribution of each sub-watershed to the total discharge that occurs, as well as to analyze the effect of increasing sea level that occurs in the coastal area of Pekalongan. The method used in this research hydro-meteorological, hydraulic, and hydrodynamics two-dimensional analysis. The results showed that the climate change that occurred in the coastal area of Pekalongan was indicated by an increase in the average temperature of about 1o Celsius and the trend towards maximum yearly precipitationthat occurred during a period of twenty years had increased (2000-2019 period). An Increasing temperature that occurs has a significant risk to sea-level rise and increasing uncertainty hydrometeorological hazard (tidal flooding). Recommendations from this study are structuring the drainage system based on an integrated landscape arrangement concept to improve the economy, tourism, social, and environment to achieve sustainable coastal infrastructure.
{"title":"The concept design for adaptation of climate change through integrated and sustainable flood infrastructure in the coastal area of Pekalongan, Indonesia","authors":"Suyudi Habibi Akbari, Arif Darmawan, Jessica Sitorus Elisabeth","doi":"10.5937/gp25-30852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp25-30852","url":null,"abstract":"The coastal area of Pekalongan, especially the estuary area of the Banger River, Loji River, and Gabus River, are often experiencing to tidal floods. Tidal Floods that occur pose a great risk due to the sedimentation of river mouths and floods from the watershed to the coastal area of Pekalongan. This study aims to assess the impact of climate change on flood frequency patterns and the contribution of each sub-watershed to the total discharge that occurs, as well as to analyze the effect of increasing sea level that occurs in the coastal area of Pekalongan. The method used in this research hydro-meteorological, hydraulic, and hydrodynamics two-dimensional analysis. The results showed that the climate change that occurred in the coastal area of Pekalongan was indicated by an increase in the average temperature of about 1o Celsius and the trend towards maximum yearly precipitationthat occurred during a period of twenty years had increased (2000-2019 period). An Increasing temperature that occurs has a significant risk to sea-level rise and increasing uncertainty hydrometeorological hazard (tidal flooding). Recommendations from this study are structuring the drainage system based on an integrated landscape arrangement concept to improve the economy, tourism, social, and environment to achieve sustainable coastal infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Surya, A. Salim, Hernita Hernita, S. Suriani, Herminawaty Abubakar, Haeruddin Saleh
Urbanization in the dynamics of development in Makassar City has an impact on increasing population, poverty, social change, acculturation of community culture, marginalization, differences in lifestyle, socio-economic inequality, complexity of space use, slum settlements, and a decrease in environmental quality. This study aims to analyze: (1) Community participation and socio-cultural changes work as determinants of handling urban slum settlements, (2) The influence of community participation, improving the quality of infrastructure, improving the quality of the environment, and changing the socio-cultural community on the sustainability of city development, and (3) Formulate a model for handling slum settlements, community participation, and community social culture towards the sustainability of urban development. This study uses a qualitative-quantitative approach sequentially. Data were obtained through observation, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), surveys, and documentation. The results showed that community participation, improving the quality of infrastructure, improving the quality of the environment, and socio-cultural changes simultaneously affected the sustainability of Makassar City development. Furthermore, the implementation of the program to improve the quality of slums followed by community participation and accompanied by socio-cultural changes will encourage the creation of equitable development, improve the quality of slum settlements, and improve community welfare towards the creation of social cohesion, increase community productivity, and harmonization of community life towards sustainability development of Makassar City, Indonesia.
{"title":"Handling slum settlement based on community participation and socio-cultural change: Perspective of sustainable development of Makassar City, Indonesia","authors":"B. Surya, A. Salim, Hernita Hernita, S. Suriani, Herminawaty Abubakar, Haeruddin Saleh","doi":"10.5937/gp25-33038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp25-33038","url":null,"abstract":"Urbanization in the dynamics of development in Makassar City has an impact on increasing population, poverty, social change, acculturation of community culture, marginalization, differences in lifestyle, socio-economic inequality, complexity of space use, slum settlements, and a decrease in environmental quality. This study aims to analyze: (1) Community participation and socio-cultural changes work as determinants of handling urban slum settlements, (2) The influence of community participation, improving the quality of infrastructure, improving the quality of the environment, and changing the socio-cultural community on the sustainability of city development, and (3) Formulate a model for handling slum settlements, community participation, and community social culture towards the sustainability of urban development. This study uses a qualitative-quantitative approach sequentially. Data were obtained through observation, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), surveys, and documentation. The results showed that community participation, improving the quality of infrastructure, improving the quality of the environment, and socio-cultural changes simultaneously affected the sustainability of Makassar City development. Furthermore, the implementation of the program to improve the quality of slums followed by community participation and accompanied by socio-cultural changes will encourage the creation of equitable development, improve the quality of slum settlements, and improve community welfare towards the creation of social cohesion, increase community productivity, and harmonization of community life towards sustainability development of Makassar City, Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Stojanović, Maja B. Mijatov, Jelena Dunjić, L. Lazić, A. Dragin, D. Milić, Sanja Obradović
Ecotourism is a nature-based type of tourism, especially represented within protected areas. No matter the fact, just like the other selective types of this sector, ecotourism might affect the environment. In a process of writing the Visitor Management Plan in the Gornje Podunavlje Special Nature Reserve (SNR) in 2019, one part of the study was related to general projection of the ecotourism development impact on eco-educational paths within this SNR. The research was conducted throughout November 2019, in the form of interviews. The sample obtained 12 experts for nature protection, who stated their attitudes on three important topics: tourism in protected areas in general, tourism in the Gornje Podunavlje SNR and ecotourism within three concrete sites: Karapandža, Štrbac and Bestrement.
{"title":"Ecotourism impact assessment on environment in protected areas of Serbia: A case study of Gornje Podunavlje Special nature Reserve","authors":"V. Stojanović, Maja B. Mijatov, Jelena Dunjić, L. Lazić, A. Dragin, D. Milić, Sanja Obradović","doi":"10.5937/gp25-32288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp25-32288","url":null,"abstract":"Ecotourism is a nature-based type of tourism, especially represented within protected areas. No matter the fact, just like the other selective types of this sector, ecotourism might affect the environment. In a process of writing the Visitor Management Plan in the Gornje Podunavlje Special Nature Reserve (SNR) in 2019, one part of the study was related to general projection of the ecotourism development impact on eco-educational paths within this SNR. The research was conducted throughout November 2019, in the form of interviews. The sample obtained 12 experts for nature protection, who stated their attitudes on three important topics: tourism in protected areas in general, tourism in the Gornje Podunavlje SNR and ecotourism within three concrete sites: Karapandža, Štrbac and Bestrement.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Hardi, Gabriela Repaská, J. Veselovský, Katarína Vilinová
One of the most important territorial processes in the highly urbanised continent of Europe is suburbanisation, urban sprawl which occurs in a gradual manner over long periods and is not perceived as dramatic. Nevertheless the built-up urban areas and the urban lifestyle occupy step by step the periurban territories. Urban sprawl affects the essential environmental, economic and social functions of the impacted settlements. In the last decades these processes reached the less urbanised Central European region, leading to very fast and less planned changes in its settlement system. The research deals with these processes in the Central European non-metropolitan areas, around regional centres, and with their environmental impacts. The aim of this paper is, based on theoretical and empirical knowledge, to point out to spatial patterns of urban sprawl and suburbanisation in functional urban areas (FUA). This paper examines the urban sprawl and its impacts in Slovakia in the case of Nitra Functional Urban Area, in the agglomeration of an economically growing regional centre. The research is based on standard geographical methods including field research. Desktop and field empirical researches were conducted, with different methods such us GIS analysis of land use change. The analysis shows then to what extent cities and urban areas grow, from which one can conclude to how landscape surrounding the urban residential areas has changed, how the proportion of non-permeable surfaces increased, basically influencing the runoff of precipitation. The data demonstrate, moreover, how artificial patches and barriers fragment landscape more and more, endangering thereby biodiversity and decreasing green surfaces. The examination covers the 2000-2018 period, using the CORINE CLC 2000, 2006, 2012 and 2018 databases. Thereby the authors are able to examine changes in a longer period of almost two decades, and three internal periods. All this is compared to the demographic changes of the urban area of Nitra as well, in order to see to what extent the change in the number of population contributes to the transformation of land cover and thereby to environmental impacts. The characteristic features of Nitra and its hinterland within this are analysed, then the Nitra FUA and within that the suburban zone is examined in detail. Nitra and its area feature high enlargement dynamics looking at the whole of the period, compared to other FUAs. It is typical almost everywhere that the enlargement of areas surrounding cities is more intensive than the growth of the city itself, which demonstrates general suburbanisation.
{"title":"Environmental consequences of the urban sprawl in the suburban zone of Nitra: An analysis based on landcover data","authors":"T. Hardi, Gabriela Repaská, J. Veselovský, Katarína Vilinová","doi":"10.5937/gp24-25543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp24-25543","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important territorial processes in the highly urbanised continent of Europe is suburbanisation, urban sprawl which occurs in a gradual manner over long periods and is not perceived as dramatic. Nevertheless the built-up urban areas and the urban lifestyle occupy step by step the periurban territories. Urban sprawl affects the essential environmental, economic and social functions of the impacted settlements. In the last decades these processes reached the less urbanised Central European region, leading to very fast and less planned changes in its settlement system. The research deals with these processes in the Central European non-metropolitan areas, around regional centres, and with their environmental impacts. The aim of this paper is, based on theoretical and empirical knowledge, to point out to spatial patterns of urban sprawl and suburbanisation in functional urban areas (FUA). This paper examines the urban sprawl and its impacts in Slovakia in the case of Nitra Functional Urban Area, in the agglomeration of an economically growing regional centre. The research is based on standard geographical methods including field research. Desktop and field empirical researches were conducted, with different methods such us GIS analysis of land use change. The analysis shows then to what extent cities and urban areas grow, from which one can conclude to how landscape surrounding the urban residential areas has changed, how the proportion of non-permeable surfaces increased, basically influencing the runoff of precipitation. The data demonstrate, moreover, how artificial patches and barriers fragment landscape more and more, endangering thereby biodiversity and decreasing green surfaces. The examination covers the 2000-2018 period, using the CORINE CLC 2000, 2006, 2012 and 2018 databases. Thereby the authors are able to examine changes in a longer period of almost two decades, and three internal periods. All this is compared to the demographic changes of the urban area of Nitra as well, in order to see to what extent the change in the number of population contributes to the transformation of land cover and thereby to environmental impacts. The characteristic features of Nitra and its hinterland within this are analysed, then the Nitra FUA and within that the suburban zone is examined in detail. Nitra and its area feature high enlargement dynamics looking at the whole of the period, compared to other FUAs. It is typical almost everywhere that the enlargement of areas surrounding cities is more intensive than the growth of the city itself, which demonstrates general suburbanisation.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saline habitats of the Pannonian plain are specific regarding their extraordinary biodiversity with many endemic species, yet they are among the most threatened European Communities with limited spatial distribution. These habitats are present in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina in the North of Serbia, in the area of Srednja Mostonga, and they are in the procedure of protection as the II category protected area - "region of exceptional characteristics". Great variety of rare and endemic species makes this area interesting for recreational and educational activities. In this paper we investigate micrometeorological and outdoor thermal comfort conditions in different natural environments at the area of Srednja Mostonga. This is the first micrometeorological field measurement study conducted in this region. Measurements were performed during the daytime of a sunny autumn day in 2019. The results showed that daytime air temperature was up to 3.4 °C lower in forest compared to steppe, while relative humidity was up to 5-6% higher in forest than in steppe with up to 3.2 m/s lower wind speeds in forest than in steppe area. Micrometeorological values were similar between forest-steppe and steppe. However, the outdoor thermal comfort conditions expressed via Humidex showed that 'some discomfort' was most often observed in forest-steppe during 27% of measurement time, followed with 13% of 'some discomfort' observed in steppe and only 1% of 'some discomfort' was observed in forest. Accordingly, during the warmest daytime hours outdoor activities could be performed in forest, while early morning and evening hours could be spent in steppe and forest-steppe areas of Srednja Mostonga.
{"title":"Investigating micrometeorological differences between saline steppe, forest-steppe and forest environments in northern Serbia during a clear and sunny autumn day","authors":"D. Milošević, Jelena Dunjić, V. Stojanović","doi":"10.5937/gp24-25885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp24-25885","url":null,"abstract":"Saline habitats of the Pannonian plain are specific regarding their extraordinary biodiversity with many endemic species, yet they are among the most threatened European Communities with limited spatial distribution. These habitats are present in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina in the North of Serbia, in the area of Srednja Mostonga, and they are in the procedure of protection as the II category protected area - \"region of exceptional characteristics\". Great variety of rare and endemic species makes this area interesting for recreational and educational activities. In this paper we investigate micrometeorological and outdoor thermal comfort conditions in different natural environments at the area of Srednja Mostonga. This is the first micrometeorological field measurement study conducted in this region. Measurements were performed during the daytime of a sunny autumn day in 2019. The results showed that daytime air temperature was up to 3.4 °C lower in forest compared to steppe, while relative humidity was up to 5-6% higher in forest than in steppe with up to 3.2 m/s lower wind speeds in forest than in steppe area. Micrometeorological values were similar between forest-steppe and steppe. However, the outdoor thermal comfort conditions expressed via Humidex showed that 'some discomfort' was most often observed in forest-steppe during 27% of measurement time, followed with 13% of 'some discomfort' observed in steppe and only 1% of 'some discomfort' was observed in forest. Accordingly, during the warmest daytime hours outdoor activities could be performed in forest, while early morning and evening hours could be spent in steppe and forest-steppe areas of Srednja Mostonga.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Makula Kisesa, M. Umutoni, L. Japheth, E. Lipiki, Laban Lameck Kebacho, S. Tilwebwa
The study assesses the covariability of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and March to May (MAM) rainfall variability on East Africa (EA) from 1981 to 2018. Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) analysis reveals the significant influence of SST anomalies on MAM rainfall, with covariability of 91%, 88.61%, and 82.9% for Indian, Atlantic, and the Pacific Ocean, respectively. The Indian Ocean explains the variability of rainfall to the large extent followed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. The rainfall patterns over the EA correspond to SST variability over the western, central, and Eastern Indian Ocean. Likewise, the variability of SST anomalies was observed over the central, south, and North of the Atlantic Ocean while the Pacific Ocean captured the El Nino Modoki (ENSO) like pattern in the SVD1 (SVD2). The heterogeneous correlation of Indian SST anomalies and rainfall over EA of the first (second) principal component (PC) shows a positive correlation over much of the domain (central region). The SST anomalies over the Pacific Ocean show higher correlation values with the rainfall over much of the study domain except over the southwestern highland and southern region of Tanzania. Over the Atlantic Ocean, the correlation result shows the patterns of positive (negative) values over the northern (southern) part for PC1, while PC2 depicts negative correlation values over much of the Ocean. SST anomalies over the Indian (Atlantic) Ocean are highly correlated with MAM rainfall when SST leads by 1(7) month(s). The Pacific Ocean shows a weak (strong) correlation across all (zero) lead seasons.
{"title":"The covariability of sea surface temperature and MAM rainfall on East Africa using singular value decomposition analysis","authors":"Makula Kisesa, M. Umutoni, L. Japheth, E. Lipiki, Laban Lameck Kebacho, S. Tilwebwa","doi":"10.5937/GP24-27577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/GP24-27577","url":null,"abstract":"The study assesses the covariability of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and March to May (MAM) rainfall variability on East Africa (EA) from 1981 to 2018. Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) analysis reveals the significant influence of SST anomalies on MAM rainfall, with covariability of 91%, 88.61%, and 82.9% for Indian, Atlantic, and the Pacific Ocean, respectively. The Indian Ocean explains the variability of rainfall to the large extent followed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. The rainfall patterns over the EA correspond to SST variability over the western, central, and Eastern Indian Ocean. Likewise, the variability of SST anomalies was observed over the central, south, and North of the Atlantic Ocean while the Pacific Ocean captured the El Nino Modoki (ENSO) like pattern in the SVD1 (SVD2). The heterogeneous correlation of Indian SST anomalies and rainfall over EA of the first (second) principal component (PC) shows a positive correlation over much of the domain (central region). The SST anomalies over the Pacific Ocean show higher correlation values with the rainfall over much of the study domain except over the southwestern highland and southern region of Tanzania. Over the Atlantic Ocean, the correlation result shows the patterns of positive (negative) values over the northern (southern) part for PC1, while PC2 depicts negative correlation values over much of the Ocean. SST anomalies over the Indian (Atlantic) Ocean are highly correlated with MAM rainfall when SST leads by 1(7) month(s). The Pacific Ocean shows a weak (strong) correlation across all (zero) lead seasons.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Precipitation concentration is an important factor to assess climate hazards such as flood and availability of water resources at a regional scale. This paper investigates the spatial and temporal changes of precipitation concentration using the precipitation concentration index (PCI) in 113 stations in Iran for a duration of 30 years (1988-2017). The results show that the mean average of the annual rainfall in Iran varies from 55 mm in the Eastern and central regions (Zabol and Yazd) to 1838 mm in the southwest coast of the Caspian Sea (Bandar Anzali). The highest coefficient of variation (CV) of precipitation is related to the southeastern and southern parts of the country, whereas the lowest CV is observed in the Caspian Sea coast and northwest region. Therefore, its value is mostly a function of latitude. Precipitation concentration and its CV are also influenced by topography and reveal more homogeneity in the northern regions. The Mann-Kendall (MK) test on precipitation concentration data indicates that except for 6 stations (ascending in 2 stations and descending in 4stations), there was no significant trend in others. The stations with non-significant ascending values are located mostly in the Eastern, central and western parts of the country while the non-significant descending ones can be seen in the central and northeastern regions. The results of Sen's slope estimator are also similar to the values of the MK test.
{"title":"Spatial and temporal variability of precipitation concentration in Iran","authors":"S. Ghaedi, Ali Shojaian","doi":"10.5937/GP24-27361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/GP24-27361","url":null,"abstract":"Precipitation concentration is an important factor to assess climate hazards such as flood and availability of water resources at a regional scale. This paper investigates the spatial and temporal changes of precipitation concentration using the precipitation concentration index (PCI) in 113 stations in Iran for a duration of 30 years (1988-2017). The results show that the mean average of the annual rainfall in Iran varies from 55 mm in the Eastern and central regions (Zabol and Yazd) to 1838 mm in the southwest coast of the Caspian Sea (Bandar Anzali). The highest coefficient of variation (CV) of precipitation is related to the southeastern and southern parts of the country, whereas the lowest CV is observed in the Caspian Sea coast and northwest region. Therefore, its value is mostly a function of latitude. Precipitation concentration and its CV are also influenced by topography and reveal more homogeneity in the northern regions. The Mann-Kendall (MK) test on precipitation concentration data indicates that except for 6 stations (ascending in 2 stations and descending in 4stations), there was no significant trend in others. The stations with non-significant ascending values are located mostly in the Eastern, central and western parts of the country while the non-significant descending ones can be seen in the central and northeastern regions. The results of Sen's slope estimator are also similar to the values of the MK test.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The satellite observations of NO2 acquire the total tropospheric column over an area while the current ground observations lack spatial and temporal coverage. In this study the Dutch Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) NO2 (DOMINO) data product v2.0 for 2004 - 2019 period was used to analyze the spatial and temporal variations of NO2 in Turkey. Considering the seasonality characteristics of NO2, we have used pixel based Seasonal Kendall (S-K) test to investigate the trend of the change. The highest values of NO2 has been found at the metropolitan areas and perimeter of the high capacity power plants in the observed period. The monthly average concentrations of NO2 are higher in winter months due to the higher demand of heating and power usage. The S-K trend test results indicate a statistically negative trend at the largest cities such as Istanbul, Ankara and Izmir. However statistically significant positive trend has been found in some areas and Syrian border provinces in particular. Our results show that there is an abrupt change by 2011 in the tropospheric NO2 concentrations, same period when the first Syrian refugees have arrived after the political disorder. The dramatic change at the emission landscape of the NO2 in the region can be explained by changes in population concentration due to political circumstances.
{"title":"Spatio-temporal variations of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide in Turkey based on satellite remote sensing","authors":"Doğukan Doğu Yavaşlı","doi":"10.5937/gp24-25482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp24-25482","url":null,"abstract":"The satellite observations of NO2 acquire the total tropospheric column over an area while the current ground observations lack spatial and temporal coverage. In this study the Dutch Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) NO2 (DOMINO) data product v2.0 for 2004 - 2019 period was used to analyze the spatial and temporal variations of NO2 in Turkey. Considering the seasonality characteristics of NO2, we have used pixel based Seasonal Kendall (S-K) test to investigate the trend of the change. The highest values of NO2 has been found at the metropolitan areas and perimeter of the high capacity power plants in the observed period. The monthly average concentrations of NO2 are higher in winter months due to the higher demand of heating and power usage. The S-K trend test results indicate a statistically negative trend at the largest cities such as Istanbul, Ankara and Izmir. However statistically significant positive trend has been found in some areas and Syrian border provinces in particular. Our results show that there is an abrupt change by 2011 in the tropospheric NO2 concentrations, same period when the first Syrian refugees have arrived after the political disorder. The dramatic change at the emission landscape of the NO2 in the region can be explained by changes in population concentration due to political circumstances.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71223964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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