Slovakia is a country with a specific development of the Covid-19 pandemic. While it was among the countries with the lowest number of cases and lowest mortality during the first wave, during the second and third waves Slovakia gradually became one of the countries with the worst development of the pandemic. The aim of this contribution is to summarise the situation in Slovakia during the first year of the pandemic and investigate its influence on selected indicators of mortality. An attempt was also made at determining its influence on the lethality rate of Covid-19, changes in mortality, and excess deaths. The research considered regionally differentiated levels and identification of risk districts from the aspect of the abovementioned phenomena.
{"title":"Spatially differentiated impacts of Covid-19 on selected indicators of mortality in Slovakia in 2020","authors":"A. Michálek","doi":"10.5937/gp26-37578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp26-37578","url":null,"abstract":"Slovakia is a country with a specific development of the Covid-19 pandemic. While it was among the countries with the lowest number of cases and lowest mortality during the first wave, during the second and third waves Slovakia gradually became one of the countries with the worst development of the pandemic. The aim of this contribution is to summarise the situation in Slovakia during the first year of the pandemic and investigate its influence on selected indicators of mortality. An attempt was also made at determining its influence on the lethality rate of Covid-19, changes in mortality, and excess deaths. The research considered regionally differentiated levels and identification of risk districts from the aspect of the abovementioned phenomena.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to analyze one of the most dynamic sections in the lower part of the Mureș River, Lipova-Arad sector. The geological and tectonic context influenced the shifts of the watercourse at both a regional scale and a local one. The channelization works have shortened the length of the channel by 1/3 of it. The flood events in the 70s and the mining activity have also influenced the evolution of the river in last decades. Accelerating the geomorphological processes, mostly after the great floods, have narrowed the channel by 35%, and have reduced the total islands surface by almost 80%. In this context, the Mureș River try to reach the dynamic equilibrium state had before the human interventions. Under the anthropic pressure the geomorphological processes have been accelerated and the landscape left behind in Lipova-Arad section, along the Mureș River suffered important changes.
{"title":"Three centuries of dynamics in the lowland section, induced by human impact: A sociogeomorphic approach","authors":"F. Timofte, P. Urdea","doi":"10.5937/gp26-37632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp26-37632","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyze one of the most dynamic sections in the lower part of the Mureș River, Lipova-Arad sector. The geological and tectonic context influenced the shifts of the watercourse at both a regional scale and a local one. The channelization works have shortened the length of the channel by 1/3 of it. The flood events in the 70s and the mining activity have also influenced the evolution of the river in last decades. Accelerating the geomorphological processes, mostly after the great floods, have narrowed the channel by 35%, and have reduced the total islands surface by almost 80%. In this context, the Mureș River try to reach the dynamic equilibrium state had before the human interventions. Under the anthropic pressure the geomorphological processes have been accelerated and the landscape left behind in Lipova-Arad section, along the Mureș River suffered important changes.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study used composite analysis and rainy season definition to investigate rainfall patterns in The Gambia from 1981 to 2020. Rainfall dataset as observed by 10 meteorological stations scattered across The Gambia was used. Results showed that the highest single month rainfall ever recorded in The Gambia during the study period was observed in Sapu, in the eastern sector of the country. The station recorded a total rainfall amount of 767 mm in August, 1999, while the lowest single month rainfall ever recorded was 463 mm in September 2012. It was observed in Jenoi, a station situated in the western sector of the country. Climatological results showed that the study area experienced monomodal rainfall regime during the West African Monsoon, and that the southern part of the western sector region such as Sibanor tend to receive more rainfall compared to other regions of the study area. Part of the central region receives the least annual rainfall. The eastern sector of The Gambia received much of its rain from May to October with July - September as the peak of the rain season. During May - October, Sapu received the heaviest rainfall while Fatoto received the least amount. Results also show that July - September is the period when significant amounts of rainfall are received over the eastern sector of the study area. While May and October are both transitional months, the eastern sector of the study area receives more rains in October than in May. The western sector of the study area, on the other hand, received much of its rain from June to October with July - September as the peak of the rain season. During June - October, Sibanor received the heaviest rainfall while Jenoi received the least amount. The results also show that July - September is the period when significant amounts of rainfall are received over the western sector of the study area. Although June and October are both transitional months, the western sector receives more or less the same rain amounts in June and October. Results further found that, to avert losses associated with excess or deficit in crop water requirement, in the eastern sector, crops with high water requirement should be grown before August as maximum rainfall is observed in August, whereas crops with minimum water requirement should be grown in May or October, that is when minimum rainfall is experienced. In the western sector, on the other hand, crops requiring high water amount should be grown before August or September when maximum rainfall is recorded in the sector, whereas crops with minimum water requirement should be grown in June or October. This study will help create awareness on the erratic rain seasons due to Climate Change, and to provide farmers with information on rainfall distribution in The Gambia to avert losses and impacts associated with water deficit or excess on society, agriculture, and the environment.
{"title":"Precipitation patterns in the Gambia from 1981 to 2020","authors":"Abdoulie Ceesay, L. Touray","doi":"10.5937/gp26-36724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp26-36724","url":null,"abstract":"The present study used composite analysis and rainy season definition to investigate rainfall patterns in The Gambia from 1981 to 2020. Rainfall dataset as observed by 10 meteorological stations scattered across The Gambia was used. Results showed that the highest single month rainfall ever recorded in The Gambia during the study period was observed in Sapu, in the eastern sector of the country. The station recorded a total rainfall amount of 767 mm in August, 1999, while the lowest single month rainfall ever recorded was 463 mm in September 2012. It was observed in Jenoi, a station situated in the western sector of the country. Climatological results showed that the study area experienced monomodal rainfall regime during the West African Monsoon, and that the southern part of the western sector region such as Sibanor tend to receive more rainfall compared to other regions of the study area. Part of the central region receives the least annual rainfall. The eastern sector of The Gambia received much of its rain from May to October with July - September as the peak of the rain season. During May - October, Sapu received the heaviest rainfall while Fatoto received the least amount. Results also show that July - September is the period when significant amounts of rainfall are received over the eastern sector of the study area. While May and October are both transitional months, the eastern sector of the study area receives more rains in October than in May. The western sector of the study area, on the other hand, received much of its rain from June to October with July - September as the peak of the rain season. During June - October, Sibanor received the heaviest rainfall while Jenoi received the least amount. The results also show that July - September is the period when significant amounts of rainfall are received over the western sector of the study area. Although June and October are both transitional months, the western sector receives more or less the same rain amounts in June and October. Results further found that, to avert losses associated with excess or deficit in crop water requirement, in the eastern sector, crops with high water requirement should be grown before August as maximum rainfall is observed in August, whereas crops with minimum water requirement should be grown in May or October, that is when minimum rainfall is experienced. In the western sector, on the other hand, crops requiring high water amount should be grown before August or September when maximum rainfall is recorded in the sector, whereas crops with minimum water requirement should be grown in June or October. This study will help create awareness on the erratic rain seasons due to Climate Change, and to provide farmers with information on rainfall distribution in The Gambia to avert losses and impacts associated with water deficit or excess on society, agriculture, and the environment.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Szilassi, G. Visztra, Anna Soóky, Z. Bátori, A. Hábenczyus, Kata Frei, C. Tölgyesi, M. Balogh
Biological invasion is a worldwide phenomenon that can be considered a natural hazard. Protection against invasive plant species can only be successful if we know the anthropogenic factors that influence their occurrence, such as changes in land cover. In our study, we investigated the LUCAS based spatial distribution of five common invasive plant species (2015) and its connections with the recent (2012-2018) land CORINE based cover changes. The LUCAS points infected with this species are much closer to the CORINE land cover change polygons than the non-infected points. Our results suggest that the occurrence of Asclepias syriaca, Solidago spp, Ailanthus altissima and Robinia pseudoacacia is significantly dependent on whether land use has changed in the vicinity of LUCAS points infected with these species. Only the occurrence of Elaeagnus angustifolia does not show any correlation with changes in land cover.
{"title":"Towards an understanding of the geographical background of plants invasion as a natural hazard: A case study in Hungary","authors":"P. Szilassi, G. Visztra, Anna Soóky, Z. Bátori, A. Hábenczyus, Kata Frei, C. Tölgyesi, M. Balogh","doi":"10.5937/gp26-37866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp26-37866","url":null,"abstract":"Biological invasion is a worldwide phenomenon that can be considered a natural hazard. Protection against invasive plant species can only be successful if we know the anthropogenic factors that influence their occurrence, such as changes in land cover. In our study, we investigated the LUCAS based spatial distribution of five common invasive plant species (2015) and its connections with the recent (2012-2018) land CORINE based cover changes. The LUCAS points infected with this species are much closer to the CORINE land cover change polygons than the non-infected points. Our results suggest that the occurrence of Asclepias syriaca, Solidago spp, Ailanthus altissima and Robinia pseudoacacia is significantly dependent on whether land use has changed in the vicinity of LUCAS points infected with these species. Only the occurrence of Elaeagnus angustifolia does not show any correlation with changes in land cover.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Urbanization generally serves as a key navigator of the economic growth and development of the country. There is a need for fast and accurate urban planning to accommodate more and more people in the city area. Remote sensing technology has been used for planning the expansion and design of city areas. A novel machine learning (ML) classifier formed by combining AdaBoost and extra trees algorithm have been investigated for change detection in the urban area of three cities in the Gujarat region of India. Using Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) Resourcesat-2 LISS IV satellite images, the performance of the object-based AdaBoosted extra trees classifier (ABETC) in terms of overall accuracy (OA) and kappa coefficient (KC) for urban area change detection was compared to benchmarked object-based algorithms. As the first step in object-based classification (OBC), the Shepherd segmentation algorithm was used to segment satellite images. For all three cities, the object-based ABETC demonstrated the highest efficiency when compared to conventional classifiers. The rise in the built-up area of Ahmedabad city has been noted by 87.39 sq km from the year 2011 to 2020 showing the urban development of the city. This increase in the built-up area of Ahmedabad was compensated by the depletion of 30.26 sq. km. vegetation area, and 57.13 sq. km. of open land class. The built-up area of Vadodara and Rajkot city has been enlarged by 17.24 sq km and 6.79 sq km respectively. The highest OA of 96.04% and KC of 0.94 has been noted for a satellite image of Vadodara city with a novel object based ABETC algorithm.
{"title":"Analysis of urban development on land cover changes of three cities of Gujarat state, India","authors":"Alpesh Patel, A. Suthar","doi":"10.5937/gp26-39440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp26-39440","url":null,"abstract":"Urbanization generally serves as a key navigator of the economic growth and development of the country. There is a need for fast and accurate urban planning to accommodate more and more people in the city area. Remote sensing technology has been used for planning the expansion and design of city areas. A novel machine learning (ML) classifier formed by combining AdaBoost and extra trees algorithm have been investigated for change detection in the urban area of three cities in the Gujarat region of India. Using Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) Resourcesat-2 LISS IV satellite images, the performance of the object-based AdaBoosted extra trees classifier (ABETC) in terms of overall accuracy (OA) and kappa coefficient (KC) for urban area change detection was compared to benchmarked object-based algorithms. As the first step in object-based classification (OBC), the Shepherd segmentation algorithm was used to segment satellite images. For all three cities, the object-based ABETC demonstrated the highest efficiency when compared to conventional classifiers. The rise in the built-up area of Ahmedabad city has been noted by 87.39 sq km from the year 2011 to 2020 showing the urban development of the city. This increase in the built-up area of Ahmedabad was compensated by the depletion of 30.26 sq. km. vegetation area, and 57.13 sq. km. of open land class. The built-up area of Vadodara and Rajkot city has been enlarged by 17.24 sq km and 6.79 sq km respectively. The highest OA of 96.04% and KC of 0.94 has been noted for a satellite image of Vadodara city with a novel object based ABETC algorithm.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Milošević, Goran Trbić, S. Savić, T. Popov, Marko Ivanišević, M. Marković, M. Ostojić, Jelena Dunjić, Renata Fekete, Bojan Garić
Intensive urbanization and global warming are impacting the health and well-being of urban population. Nevertheless, urban environments with different designs will have different micro and local climate conditions. This study used data from micrometeorological measurements performed in different urban spaces (downtown, urban park, riverside) in Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina, on hot summer days in June 2021. Air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and globe temperature were measured and Mean Radiant Temperature (Tmrt), Psychologically Equivalent Temperature (PET), and modified Psychologically Equivalent Temperature (mPET) were calculated for each location. Results show that the downtown is the most uncomfortable area in terms of the highest TA, Tg, Tmrt, PET, and mPET values registered at this location. The urban park is the most comfortable area with the lowest values of Tg, Tmrt, PET, and mPET. Relative humidity is the highest at the riverside and the lowest in downtown. Furthermore, riverside had lower average TA during summer daytime compared to urban park and downtown likely due to the synergy between river cooling effect (evaporation and sensible heat transfer) and tree shade.
{"title":"Biometeorological conditions during hot summer days in diverse urban environments of Banja Luka (Bosnia and Herzegovina)","authors":"D. Milošević, Goran Trbić, S. Savić, T. Popov, Marko Ivanišević, M. Marković, M. Ostojić, Jelena Dunjić, Renata Fekete, Bojan Garić","doi":"10.5937/gp26-35456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp26-35456","url":null,"abstract":"Intensive urbanization and global warming are impacting the health and well-being of urban population. Nevertheless, urban environments with different designs will have different micro and local climate conditions. This study used data from micrometeorological measurements performed in different urban spaces (downtown, urban park, riverside) in Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina, on hot summer days in June 2021. Air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and globe temperature were measured and Mean Radiant Temperature (Tmrt), Psychologically Equivalent Temperature (PET), and modified Psychologically Equivalent Temperature (mPET) were calculated for each location. Results show that the downtown is the most uncomfortable area in terms of the highest TA, Tg, Tmrt, PET, and mPET values registered at this location. The urban park is the most comfortable area with the lowest values of Tg, Tmrt, PET, and mPET. Relative humidity is the highest at the riverside and the lowest in downtown. Furthermore, riverside had lower average TA during summer daytime compared to urban park and downtown likely due to the synergy between river cooling effect (evaporation and sensible heat transfer) and tree shade.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Milena Sekulić, V. Stojanović, M. Pantelić, Imre Nađ
The circular economy (CE) is a multidisciplinary approach focused on achieving the sustainability of the whole society. This review aims to reveal the potential impact of the circular economy on quality of life. This systematic review analyzes studies dealing with the concept of circular economy and quality of life. The methodology process included a keyword search and three selection steps. A total of 39 studies were included in the analysis. We define four topics that emerged from the literature review i) urban sustainable development; ii) waste management; iii) material production and iv) human well-being. All these topics emerged in the literature dealing with issues of circular economy and its impact on the quality of life. We assume that it is implied that every step towards circular economy contributes to the life quality, but there is an evident lack of studies that measure that impact. In Serbia, a small number of researchers were involved in this topic, although it represents one step towards the objective of improving the state of the environment. This review of the literature should serve as a starting point for future research.
{"title":"Impact of the circular economy on quality of life: A systematic literature review","authors":"Milena Sekulić, V. Stojanović, M. Pantelić, Imre Nađ","doi":"10.5937/gp26-36059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp26-36059","url":null,"abstract":"The circular economy (CE) is a multidisciplinary approach focused on achieving the sustainability of the whole society. This review aims to reveal the potential impact of the circular economy on quality of life. This systematic review analyzes studies dealing with the concept of circular economy and quality of life. The methodology process included a keyword search and three selection steps. A total of 39 studies were included in the analysis. We define four topics that emerged from the literature review i) urban sustainable development; ii) waste management; iii) material production and iv) human well-being. All these topics emerged in the literature dealing with issues of circular economy and its impact on the quality of life. We assume that it is implied that every step towards circular economy contributes to the life quality, but there is an evident lack of studies that measure that impact. In Serbia, a small number of researchers were involved in this topic, although it represents one step towards the objective of improving the state of the environment. This review of the literature should serve as a starting point for future research.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agricultural use of sewage sludge is one of the means of sustainable environmental management. In order to monitor the short-term effects of sludge disposal a multi-year, high-resolution data collection was planned on arable land in south-eastern Hungary. Data acquisition was applied at the highest temporal and spatial resolution using Sentinel-2 and PlanetScope satellite imagery observing the vegetation period based on vegetation indices (EVI, NDVI) from 2016 to 2021. There were statistical differences in the case of sunflower and maize biomass productions but the spatial and statistical deviations between the affected and non-affected areas of sludge disposal were generally not significant. The sensitivity of EVI in the dense vegetation period and its applicability might be emphasized in a comparative analysis.
{"title":"Plot-level field monitoring with Sentinel-2 and PlanetScope data for examination of sewage sludge disposal impact","authors":"F. Kovács, Zsuzsanna Ladányi","doi":"10.5937/gp26-37964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp26-37964","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural use of sewage sludge is one of the means of sustainable environmental management. In order to monitor the short-term effects of sludge disposal a multi-year, high-resolution data collection was planned on arable land in south-eastern Hungary. Data acquisition was applied at the highest temporal and spatial resolution using Sentinel-2 and PlanetScope satellite imagery observing the vegetation period based on vegetation indices (EVI, NDVI) from 2016 to 2021. There were statistical differences in the case of sunflower and maize biomass productions but the spatial and statistical deviations between the affected and non-affected areas of sludge disposal were generally not significant. The sensitivity of EVI in the dense vegetation period and its applicability might be emphasized in a comparative analysis.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cities are found warmer than in nearby surrounding rural areas due to change in surface properties and lack of evaporation, indicated as urban heat island (UHI). On the other hand, bodies of water have been known to generate a positive impact on the urban microclimate by maintaining a cooler thermal environment. Although researchers have been conducted many experiments and measurements to illustrate its potential benefits, most of them are studied in terms of its capacity to ameliorate the air temperature. In this paper, the benefits of urban water bodies are evaluated regarding their radiation properties. With the main objectives to find a novel approach to take advantage of urban water bodies' abilities to improve the urban thermal environment, a series of field measurements have been conducted inside an urban scale model. Generally, the measured long-wave and short-wave radiation within the urban canyon shows that bodies of water tend to absorb and store more heat, which in turn generate lower surface temperature as compared to those flat concrete surface.
{"title":"Promoting urban water bodies as a potential strategy to improve urban thermal environment","authors":"Nedyomukti Syafii Imam","doi":"10.5937/gp25-30431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp25-30431","url":null,"abstract":"Cities are found warmer than in nearby surrounding rural areas due to change in surface properties and lack of evaporation, indicated as urban heat island (UHI). On the other hand, bodies of water have been known to generate a positive impact on the urban microclimate by maintaining a cooler thermal environment. Although researchers have been conducted many experiments and measurements to illustrate its potential benefits, most of them are studied in terms of its capacity to ameliorate the air temperature. In this paper, the benefits of urban water bodies are evaluated regarding their radiation properties. With the main objectives to find a novel approach to take advantage of urban water bodies' abilities to improve the urban thermal environment, a series of field measurements have been conducted inside an urban scale model. Generally, the measured long-wave and short-wave radiation within the urban canyon shows that bodies of water tend to absorb and store more heat, which in turn generate lower surface temperature as compared to those flat concrete surface.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many Central and Eastern European countries elected nationalist parties after the collapse of communism: a phenomenon often attributed to a combination of socioeconomic crisis and political instability. In 2010s, after the decay of other nationalist parties, Romania was seen as an exception to this rule, but the Covid-19 pandemic times have witnessed the rapid rise of a new nationalist party: the AUR (the Alliance for the Union of Romanians). Parliamentary elections in December 2020 saw this new political force gain 9.1% of the vote. Whereas previous nationalist parties in post-Communist Romania tended to appeal to more senior/elderly voters, there is evidence that the AUR vote is strong amongst men under the age of 35 who are educated to an elementary or high school level. This paper uses national electoral data, media analysis, and in-depth interviews with young, educated people to explore the spatial distribution of AUR support, the ways in which the COVID-19 pandemic has assisted the party's rise to prominence, and attitudes amongst university students to both the style and content of their politics. The paper concludes that the AUR offer a potent mix of old nationalism, religious faith, traditional family values and new ideological elements, such as environmentalism, anti-globalization, and anti-government critique to create a self-consciously 'alternative' political rhetoric. This is presented via new channels (especially social media) in a deliberately opportunistic, controversial, and spectacular manner. However, our investigation suggests that neither the content nor the style of this politics has widespread appeal among the more educated younger participants to the interview.
{"title":"Pandemic populism: COVID-19 and the rise of the Nationalist AUR party in Romania","authors":"Claudia Doiciara, Remus Crețan","doi":"10.5937/gp25-33782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/gp25-33782","url":null,"abstract":"Many Central and Eastern European countries elected nationalist parties after the collapse of communism: a phenomenon often attributed to a combination of socioeconomic crisis and political instability. In 2010s, after the decay of other nationalist parties, Romania was seen as an exception to this rule, but the Covid-19 pandemic times have witnessed the rapid rise of a new nationalist party: the AUR (the Alliance for the Union of Romanians). Parliamentary elections in December 2020 saw this new political force gain 9.1% of the vote. Whereas previous nationalist parties in post-Communist Romania tended to appeal to more senior/elderly voters, there is evidence that the AUR vote is strong amongst men under the age of 35 who are educated to an elementary or high school level. This paper uses national electoral data, media analysis, and in-depth interviews with young, educated people to explore the spatial distribution of AUR support, the ways in which the COVID-19 pandemic has assisted the party's rise to prominence, and attitudes amongst university students to both the style and content of their politics. The paper concludes that the AUR offer a potent mix of old nationalism, religious faith, traditional family values and new ideological elements, such as environmentalism, anti-globalization, and anti-government critique to create a self-consciously 'alternative' political rhetoric. This is presented via new channels (especially social media) in a deliberately opportunistic, controversial, and spectacular manner. However, our investigation suggests that neither the content nor the style of this politics has widespread appeal among the more educated younger participants to the interview.","PeriodicalId":44646,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Pannonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71224366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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