Objective: The study examines the opportunity structures of fathers and mothers in Polish society in the context of their right to use parental leave. Background: The use of parental leave by fathers remains at a low level in Poland. The reasons for this lie in the way the family policy system is designed and also in cultural norms regarding care and gender. Consequently, Polish fathers and mothers have different possibilities for actually taking parental leave. Method: The analysis is based on qualitative data gathered during in-depth interviews with Polish mothers and fathers. In total, 53 interviews were conducted with parents of children aged 1-8 from different socio-economic situations and with different attitudes to parenthood and gender roles. Results: The analysis shows that the opportunity structures of fathers and mothers differ distinctly. Fathers and mothers use different types of power in their relationship. Fathers usually use debilitative power that allows them to withdraw from unwanted obligations to care, and also not to take parental leave. In contrast, mothers use situational power, which helps them sustain control over family life. Both of these strategies for using power limit the other person’s right to use or not to use parental leave. Conclusion: The findings suggest that there is a need to change the system of parental leave in Poland if gender equality is to be achieved.
{"title":"Care involvement and power relations. Parenting and gender in contemporary Poland","authors":"Katarzyna Suwada","doi":"10.20377/jfr-722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20377/jfr-722","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The study examines the opportunity structures of fathers and mothers in Polish society in the context of their right to use parental leave.\u0000Background: The use of parental leave by fathers remains at a low level in Poland. The reasons for this lie in the way the family policy system is designed and also in cultural norms regarding care and gender. Consequently, Polish fathers and mothers have different possibilities for actually taking parental leave.\u0000Method: The analysis is based on qualitative data gathered during in-depth interviews with Polish mothers and fathers. In total, 53 interviews were conducted with parents of children aged 1-8 from different socio-economic situations and with different attitudes to parenthood and gender roles.\u0000Results: The analysis shows that the opportunity structures of fathers and mothers differ distinctly. Fathers and mothers use different types of power in their relationship. Fathers usually use debilitative power that allows them to withdraw from unwanted obligations to care, and also not to take parental leave. In contrast, mothers use situational power, which helps them sustain control over family life. Both of these strategies for using power limit the other person’s right to use or not to use parental leave.\u0000Conclusion: The findings suggest that there is a need to change the system of parental leave in Poland if gender equality is to be achieved.","PeriodicalId":44669,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrifte Fur Familienforschung-Journal of Family Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73849552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This study investigates how flexitime and flexiplace moderate the consequences of transitions to parenthood for time-based work-to-family conflicts for women and men, and whether the normalisation of their use in organisations additionally contributes to reducing work-to-family conflicts. Background: Although flexible working has been described as a resource for better aligning demands in the domains of work and family, the findings of previous - mainly cross-sectional – research on its consequences for work–family conflict are inconsistent. Method: Individual fixed effects analyses were conducted using linked employer-employee panel data for 1,973 partnered men and 1575 partnered women in 132 large work organisations in Germany. Results: Time-based work-to-family conflicts after transition to parenthood increased for men but decreased for women. This can be explained by women reducing their working hours. However, work-to-family conflicts remained rather stable despite of the transition to parenthood among women who used flexitime. This can partly be explained by their weaker work-to-family conflicts already before the transition as well as to adjustments in work investments being less common among them. There is some evidence that the normalisation of flexitime and flexiplace in the organisation is associated with fewer work-to-family conflicts among women and men. Conclusion: Flexitime seems to be not an additional but an alternative resource to decrease the likelihood of more frequent time-based work-to-family conflicts after transition to parenthood among women. The normalization of flexible working depicts organizational change towards more family-friendliness.
{"title":"Transitions to parenthood, flexible working and time-based work-to-family conflicts: A gendered life course and organisational change perspective","authors":"Anja‐Kristin Abendroth","doi":"10.20377/jfr-730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20377/jfr-730","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study investigates how flexitime and flexiplace moderate the consequences of transitions to parenthood for time-based work-to-family conflicts for women and men, and whether the normalisation of their use in organisations additionally contributes to reducing work-to-family conflicts.\u0000Background: Although flexible working has been described as a resource for better aligning demands in the domains of work and family, the findings of previous - mainly cross-sectional – research on its consequences for work–family conflict are inconsistent.\u0000Method: Individual fixed effects analyses were conducted using linked employer-employee panel data for 1,973 partnered men and 1575 partnered women in 132 large work organisations in Germany.\u0000Results: Time-based work-to-family conflicts after transition to parenthood increased for men but decreased for women. This can be explained by women reducing their working hours. However, work-to-family conflicts remained rather stable despite of the transition to parenthood among women who used flexitime. This can partly be explained by their weaker work-to-family conflicts already before the transition as well as to adjustments in work investments being less common among them. There is some evidence that the normalisation of flexitime and flexiplace in the organisation is associated with fewer work-to-family conflicts among women and men.\u0000Conclusion: Flexitime seems to be not an additional but an alternative resource to decrease the likelihood of more frequent time-based work-to-family conflicts after transition to parenthood among women. The normalization of flexible working depicts organizational change towards more family-friendliness.","PeriodicalId":44669,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrifte Fur Familienforschung-Journal of Family Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79068965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This article reports on the associations of fathers' leave take-up with parents' care responsibilities when their child is around four years old. Background: In families with small children women continue to do more parental care work than men. Several studies, however, have suggested that fathers who take up parental leave also take more responsibility for childcare. Method: We applied logistic regression analysis to Finnish survey data collected in 2019 from the mothers and fathers of four-year-old children to find out whether father’s take-up and length of leave is related to fathers taking equal or more responsibility for different dimensions of parental responsibilities, including hands-on care, interacting with the child, community responsibility and mental labour. Results: Our descriptive analysis showed that in families with two working parents, parents shared some hands-on care tasks more equally if the father had taken more than three weeks of leave. When only the father was in paid employment, his take-up of leave was associated with taking the child to or from daycare. Conclusion: We conclude that while father's individual leave has unfulfilled potential in dismantling gendered parental care responsibilities, its effects might differ across different dimensions of parental responsibilities.
{"title":"Can fathers' leave take-up dismantle gendered parental responsibilities? Evidence from Finland","authors":"P. Eerola, Johanna Närvi, J. Lammi-Taskula","doi":"10.20377/jfr-723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20377/jfr-723","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This article reports on the associations of fathers' leave take-up with parents' care responsibilities when their child is around four years old.\u0000Background: In families with small children women continue to do more parental care work than men. Several studies, however, have suggested that fathers who take up parental leave also take more responsibility for childcare.\u0000Method: We applied logistic regression analysis to Finnish survey data collected in 2019 from the mothers and fathers of four-year-old children to find out whether father’s take-up and length of leave is related to fathers taking equal or more responsibility for different dimensions of parental responsibilities, including hands-on care, interacting with the child, community responsibility and mental labour.\u0000Results: Our descriptive analysis showed that in families with two working parents, parents shared some hands-on care tasks more equally if the father had taken more than three weeks of leave. When only the father was in paid employment, his take-up of leave was associated with taking the child to or from daycare.\u0000Conclusion: We conclude that while father's individual leave has unfulfilled potential in dismantling gendered parental care responsibilities, its effects might differ across different dimensions of parental responsibilities.","PeriodicalId":44669,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrifte Fur Familienforschung-Journal of Family Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91130208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This article explores how the Norwegian care regime impacts Polish migrant fathers' caring practices. Background: The present study illustrates the importance of context sensitive research when describing the consequences of migration from migratory-source countries in Eastern Europe. When a father’s labor migration takes place in an institutional context with a care regime which includes earmarked parental leave rights for fathers, it can result in the father having more time with his children. Method: To gain insight into fathers' experiences, in-depth research interviews were carried out with Polish fathers of young children. The majority of the informants live in Norway with their children and partners. Results: A main strength of the present study is the illustration of context-sensitive research when describing the consequences of migration from migratory-source countries in Eastern Europe. Conclusion: The findings in this article show how earmarked leave provides opportunities for the migrant fathers to be accessible and responsible and to interact with their child. These caring practices result in fathers bonding with their children and learning how to care for them. In addition, the migrant fathers experience emotional gains.
{"title":"Polish migrant fathers using parental leave in Norway","authors":"B. Bungum, Elin Kvande","doi":"10.20377/jfr-753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20377/jfr-753","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This article explores how the Norwegian care regime impacts Polish migrant fathers' caring practices.\u0000Background: The present study illustrates the importance of context sensitive research when describing the consequences of migration from migratory-source countries in Eastern Europe. When a father’s labor migration takes place in an institutional context with a care regime which includes earmarked parental leave rights for fathers, it can result in the father having more time with his children.\u0000Method: To gain insight into fathers' experiences, in-depth research interviews were carried out with Polish fathers of young children. The majority of the informants live in Norway with their children and partners.\u0000Results: A main strength of the present study is the illustration of context-sensitive research when describing the consequences of migration from migratory-source countries in Eastern Europe.\u0000Conclusion: The findings in this article show how earmarked leave provides opportunities for the migrant fathers to be accessible and responsible and to interact with their child. These caring practices result in fathers bonding with their children and learning how to care for them. In addition, the migrant fathers experience emotional gains.","PeriodicalId":44669,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrifte Fur Familienforschung-Journal of Family Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91361723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pedro Romero-Balsas, Gerardo Meil, Jesús Rogero-García
Objective: The question addressed in this study is the possible effect of mothers' use of parental leave on the share of childcare and housework assumed by each parent. Background: Whilst the length of parental leave is greater in Spain than in other European countries, as it is unpaid, take-up rates are low. Such leaves are taken more frequently and for longer periods by women than men. Method: To determine the answer, two multivariate regression models were applied to National Statistics Institute 2018 Fertility Survey data. The main independent variables were fathers' and mothers' use of parental leave. The models also controlled for the effects of family and socio-economic variables on the share of childcare and housework assumed by each parent. Results: The findings showed that mothers' use of unpaid full-time parental leave traditionalises the distribution of domestic chores only when the leave extends beyond one year, whereas part-time leave-taking has no effect whatsoever. That such reversion to tradition can be neutralised when fathers take leaves attests to the advisability of encouraging paternal use. The effects apply to childcare only, however, for other household chores are still distributed along very traditional lines. Conclusion: Unpaid parental leave use by mothers "traditionalizes" the allocation of childcare within the couple, but only when it takes longer than a year.
{"title":"Is Spanish parental leave 'traditionalising' the gender distribution of childcare and housework?","authors":"Pedro Romero-Balsas, Gerardo Meil, Jesús Rogero-García","doi":"10.20377/jfr-745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20377/jfr-745","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The question addressed in this study is the possible effect of mothers' use of parental leave on the share of childcare and housework assumed by each parent. \u0000Background: Whilst the length of parental leave is greater in Spain than in other European countries, as it is unpaid, take-up rates are low. Such leaves are taken more frequently and for longer periods by women than men. \u0000Method: To determine the answer, two multivariate regression models were applied to National Statistics Institute 2018 Fertility Survey data. The main independent variables were fathers' and mothers' use of parental leave. The models also controlled for the effects of family and socio-economic variables on the share of childcare and housework assumed by each parent. \u0000Results: The findings showed that mothers' use of unpaid full-time parental leave traditionalises the distribution of domestic chores only when the leave extends beyond one year, whereas part-time leave-taking has no effect whatsoever. That such reversion to tradition can be neutralised when fathers take leaves attests to the advisability of encouraging paternal use. The effects apply to childcare only, however, for other household chores are still distributed along very traditional lines. \u0000Conclusion: Unpaid parental leave use by mothers \"traditionalizes\" the allocation of childcare within the couple, but only when it takes longer than a year.","PeriodicalId":44669,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrifte Fur Familienforschung-Journal of Family Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78726750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
11/ 1400 Abstract The coronavirus and its prevalence in the community cause many psychological problems. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the marital adjustment and disputes among couples during the outbreak of COVID-19. The research method was causal-comparative. The statistical popula-tion of this study consisted of all couples under 40 in one of the cities in western Of these couples, 79 participated in the study offline and online. For data collection, the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale [RDAS] (Basby et al, 1995) and the Researcher-Made Scale of Marital Disputes (2021) were used. Paired Sample t-test was used to analyze the data. The results showed that among couples, the marital adjustment mean and its dimensions (Consensus, satisfaction and cohesion) decreased and the rate of marital disputes (shouting, verbal aggression, physical fights, silent treatment, intimid-ation, insult and humiliation) increased during the outbreak of COVID-19. The results have important implications for the marital consequences of the COVID-19 among couples, and online and offline planning to reduce marital strife is suggested.
摘要新型冠状病毒及其在社区中的流行引发了许多心理问题。本研究的目的是评估新冠肺炎疫情期间夫妻之间的婚姻调整和纠纷。研究方法为因果比较法。本研究的统计人口包括西部一个城市40岁以下的所有夫妇，其中79对夫妇参与了线下和在线研究。数据收集采用Basby et al .， 1995年修订的二元调整量表(RDAS)和研究者自制的婚姻纠纷量表(2021)。采用配对样本t检验对数据进行分析。结果显示，夫妻的婚姻调整均值及其维度(共识、满意度和凝聚力)在新冠肺炎疫情期间下降，婚姻纠纷(大喊大叫、言语攻击、肢体冲突、沉默对待、恐吓、侮辱和羞辱)发生率上升。研究结果对COVID-19对夫妻的婚姻影响具有重要意义，并建议进行线上和线下规划以减少婚姻冲突。
{"title":"Marital Adjustment and Couple Disputes during the Outbreak of COVID-19","authors":"S. Ariapooran, Razieh Hajimoradi","doi":"10.52547/jfr.17.4.561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jfr.17.4.561","url":null,"abstract":"11/ 1400 Abstract The coronavirus and its prevalence in the community cause many psychological problems. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the marital adjustment and disputes among couples during the outbreak of COVID-19. The research method was causal-comparative. The statistical popula-tion of this study consisted of all couples under 40 in one of the cities in western Of these couples, 79 participated in the study offline and online. For data collection, the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale [RDAS] (Basby et al, 1995) and the Researcher-Made Scale of Marital Disputes (2021) were used. Paired Sample t-test was used to analyze the data. The results showed that among couples, the marital adjustment mean and its dimensions (Consensus, satisfaction and cohesion) decreased and the rate of marital disputes (shouting, verbal aggression, physical fights, silent treatment, intimid-ation, insult and humiliation) increased during the outbreak of COVID-19. The results have important implications for the marital consequences of the COVID-19 among couples, and online and offline planning to reduce marital strife is suggested.","PeriodicalId":44669,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrifte Fur Familienforschung-Journal of Family Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78463560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
12/ 1400 Abstract The purpose of this study is to invest-tigate the mediating role of parents' coherent self-knowledge between parental attachment components and students' analysis. The results showed that the direct effects of the attachment style (secure, avoidance and ambivalent) and coherent self-knowledge on self-concept were significant. Cohesive self-know-ledge also played a mediating role in the relationship between parental attachment styles and students' self-concept. Accordingly, the parents' attachment styles can predict students' self-concept through the mediation of integrative self-knowledge.
{"title":"Parents' Coherent Self-Knowledge as Mediators of the Relationship between Parental Attachment Components with Students' Self-Concept","authors":"Parvin Sedghi, A. Oskoei, Mina Mogtabaei","doi":"10.52547/jfr.17.4.685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jfr.17.4.685","url":null,"abstract":"12/ 1400 Abstract The purpose of this study is to invest-tigate the mediating role of parents' coherent self-knowledge between parental attachment components and students' analysis. The results showed that the direct effects of the attachment style (secure, avoidance and ambivalent) and coherent self-knowledge on self-concept were significant. Cohesive self-know-ledge also played a mediating role in the relationship between parental attachment styles and students' self-concept. Accordingly, the parents' attachment styles can predict students' self-concept through the mediation of integrative self-knowledge.","PeriodicalId":44669,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrifte Fur Familienforschung-Journal of Family Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90412293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
11/ 1400 Abstract Parenting after divorce is one of the most sensitive tasks for divorced parents and is one of the effective factors in children's mental health. The purpose of this study is to explore and explain parents' lived experiences of co-parenting after divorce. This study was performed qualitatively using Descriptive phenomenology sampling, 12 people (female, male) were selected and inte-rviewed semi-structured. Data were anal-yzed by Colaizzi seven-step method. The results of the analysis led to the iden-tification of five main themes: The rela-tionship between parents, accountability, supervision, parental challenges and Soci-al-psychological harms in parenting. Parents focused on eliminating the other co-parent as a parental figure – just as their role as a spouse was eliminated after di-vorce-rather than concentrating on the task of parenting.
{"title":"Discovering and Explaining Parents' Lived Experiences of Co-Parenting after Divorce","authors":"R. Izadi, Z. Rabiee, Leyla Mirahmadi","doi":"10.52547/jfr.17.4.673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jfr.17.4.673","url":null,"abstract":"11/ 1400 Abstract Parenting after divorce is one of the most sensitive tasks for divorced parents and is one of the effective factors in children's mental health. The purpose of this study is to explore and explain parents' lived experiences of co-parenting after divorce. This study was performed qualitatively using Descriptive phenomenology sampling, 12 people (female, male) were selected and inte-rviewed semi-structured. Data were anal-yzed by Colaizzi seven-step method. The results of the analysis led to the iden-tification of five main themes: The rela-tionship between parents, accountability, supervision, parental challenges and Soci-al-psychological harms in parenting. Parents focused on eliminating the other co-parent as a parental figure – just as their role as a spouse was eliminated after di-vorce-rather than concentrating on the task of parenting.","PeriodicalId":44669,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrifte Fur Familienforschung-Journal of Family Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77075962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
11/ 1400 Abstract The aim of this study is group education based on acceptance and commitment (ACT) on positive emotions towards the spouse in women who have undergone emotional divorce. The research method was quasi-experim-ental: pretest-posttest and two- month emotional divorce questionnaire. Individuals undergoing emotional divorce were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (20 people in each group). Both groups completed a questionnaire of positive emotion-ns towards their spouse and the experimental group was exposed to eight 90-minute weekly sessions based on acceptance and commitment training. In the end, the questionnaire was administered again in both groups and in the follow-up period after 8 weeks, and both groups completed the questionnaires. The results of analysis of covariance showed that teaching an approach based on acceptance and commitment improves positive emotions towards the spouse in married women suffering from emotional divorce. Thus, ACT skills lead to cognitive evaluation of emotions, decrease in negative emotions, increase in positive emotions and adaptive behavior, and ultimately lead to increased cognitive regulation of emotions.
{"title":"Acceptance and Commitment Group Training based on Improve Positive Emotions towards the Spouse in Women with Emotional Divorce","authors":"M. Rashidi, N. Nazarboland, Hajar Falahzade","doi":"10.52547/jfr.17.4.633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jfr.17.4.633","url":null,"abstract":"11/ 1400 Abstract The aim of this study is group education based on acceptance and commitment (ACT) on positive emotions towards the spouse in women who have undergone emotional divorce. The research method was quasi-experim-ental: pretest-posttest and two- month emotional divorce questionnaire. Individuals undergoing emotional divorce were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (20 people in each group). Both groups completed a questionnaire of positive emotion-ns towards their spouse and the experimental group was exposed to eight 90-minute weekly sessions based on acceptance and commitment training. In the end, the questionnaire was administered again in both groups and in the follow-up period after 8 weeks, and both groups completed the questionnaires. The results of analysis of covariance showed that teaching an approach based on acceptance and commitment improves positive emotions towards the spouse in married women suffering from emotional divorce. Thus, ACT skills lead to cognitive evaluation of emotions, decrease in negative emotions, increase in positive emotions and adaptive behavior, and ultimately lead to increased cognitive regulation of emotions.","PeriodicalId":44669,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrifte Fur Familienforschung-Journal of Family Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74435960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
11/ 1400 Abstract Considering the spread of coronavirus and its effects, present study consists of two parts; in the first part, validity and reliability of Coronavirus Anxiety Scale in children were evaluated and in the second part, the effectiveness of To evaluate validity, correlation of items with total score and confirmatory-factor ana-lysis and to evaluate reliability, Cronba-ch'salpha were used. In second part of study, from all mothers with children aged 9 to 12 with severe anxiety of coronavirus, 22 were selected by purposive-sampling and randomly were divided in experim-ental and control groups. Univariate anal-ysis of covariance was used to analyze data. Results of first part showed Coronavirus Anxiety Scale of Children consists of a psychological factor and scale has good validity and reliability (P <0.01). Cronbach'salpha for the entire questionnaire was estimated 0.88. Results of second part showed filial-therapy had a significant effect on coronavirus anxiety in children (P <0.01). According to fin-dings, Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, pediatric version has desirable psychometric properties and filial-therapy can be used as a beneficial treatment to reduce coronavirus anxiety in children.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Filial Therapy Training on Anxiety of Coronavirus in Children:\u0000Validation of Coronavirus Anxiety Scale Child Form (CVF-C)","authors":"sara Zadafshar, Zahra Ahmadian, A. Abedi","doi":"10.52547/jfr.17.4.573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jfr.17.4.573","url":null,"abstract":"11/ 1400 Abstract Considering the spread of coronavirus and its effects, present study consists of two parts; in the first part, validity and reliability of Coronavirus Anxiety Scale in children were evaluated and in the second part, the effectiveness of To evaluate validity, correlation of items with total score and confirmatory-factor ana-lysis and to evaluate reliability, Cronba-ch'salpha were used. In second part of study, from all mothers with children aged 9 to 12 with severe anxiety of coronavirus, 22 were selected by purposive-sampling and randomly were divided in experim-ental and control groups. Univariate anal-ysis of covariance was used to analyze data. Results of first part showed Coronavirus Anxiety Scale of Children consists of a psychological factor and scale has good validity and reliability (P <0.01). Cronbach'salpha for the entire questionnaire was estimated 0.88. Results of second part showed filial-therapy had a significant effect on coronavirus anxiety in children (P <0.01). According to fin-dings, Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, pediatric version has desirable psychometric properties and filial-therapy can be used as a beneficial treatment to reduce coronavirus anxiety in children.","PeriodicalId":44669,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrifte Fur Familienforschung-Journal of Family Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73823799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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