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On spreading of Antarctic Bottom Water in fracture zones of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 7–8°N 论7-8°N大西洋中脊断裂带南极底水的扩展
IF 1.3 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-09-24 DOI: 10.2205/2022es000783
I. Dudkov, M. Kapustina, V. Sivkov
A Data-Interpolating Variational Analysis in n-dimensions was used to describe a potential temperature distribution in the bottom layer of the fracture zones of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 7–8°N. This analysis was based on a new digital terrain model obtained by supplementing the STRM15+ bathymetry data with multibeam echo sounding data from the 33rd cruise of the research vessel Akademik Nikolaj Strakhov (2016) and oceanological data from the World Ocean Database, supplemented with CTD profiles and reversing thermometer data measured in scientific cruises of the Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences in 2014–2016. A 2D model of near-bottom potential temperature distribution in the study area was calculated based on the analysis. The model allows us to propose the Antarctic Bottom Water propagation pattern through the Doldrums, Vernadsky, and Pushcharovsky fracture zones. It is shown that bottom water warms up when passing fracture zones from 1.4°C in Pushcharovsky Fracture Zone up to 1.6–1.7°C in Vernadsky Fracture Zone. Bottom water from Pushcharovsky and Vernadsky fractures propagates in two directions. Northernly, it propagates to the Doldrums Fracture Zone, where its temperature reaches about 1.9–2.0°C. Easterly, it flows along Pushcharovsky Fracture Zone and raising the temperature up to 1.8–2.0°C. We propose the absence of Antarctic Bottom Water's overflow with a temperature less than 1.8°C to the East Atlantic in the study area.
采用N维数据插值变分分析方法描述了7-8°N大西洋中脊断裂带底层的潜在温度分布。该分析基于一种新的数字地形模型,该模型是通过补充STRM15+测深数据获得的,其中包括研究船Akademik Nikolaj Strakhov(2016)第33次巡航的多波束回波探测数据和世界海洋数据库的海洋学数据,并补充了2014-2016年俄罗斯科学院Shirshov海洋研究所科学巡航中测量的CTD剖面和反向温度计数据。在此基础上,计算了研究区近底电位温度分布的二维模型。该模型允许我们提出南极底部水通过无底带、韦尔纳德斯基和普什恰罗夫斯基断裂带的传播模式。结果表明:从Pushcharovsky断裂带的1.4°C到Vernadsky断裂带的1.6 ~ 1.7°C,底部水在通过断裂带时升温。Pushcharovsky和Vernadsky裂缝的底水沿两个方向扩展。向北传播至Doldrums断裂带,温度约为1.9 ~ 2.0℃。向东沿普什恰罗夫斯基断裂带流动,使温度升高1.8 ~ 2.0℃。我们提出在研究区没有温度低于1.8°C的南极底水向东大西洋溢出。
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引用次数: 1
The influence of land use on the spectrum of landform transformations (a case study of the Russian Arctic) 土地利用对地貌变化谱的影响(以俄罗斯北极地区为例)
IF 1.3 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-09-17 DOI: 10.2205/2022es01si03
G. Kazhukalo, E. Eremenko
Human activity has a profound effect on relief. Therefore, it is crucial to study the anthropogenic relief transformation. The field of study is relatively young, although rapidly developing. This work outlines the influence of human activity on the relief. A vital point of the work was to identify the differences in the influence on morphogenesis by varying types of land use. Norilsk mining district was chosen as a~study area because of its intensive and complex human activities, vast mineral resources, and a large population, which implies an extensive anthropogenic transformation of the area. As a result of the research, land use types with the most profound influence on relief have been identified. Moreover, both the direct and indirect effects on morphogenesis, as well as the resulting processes, have been outlined.
人类活动对救灾有深远的影响。因此,研究人为地形变化具有重要意义。这一研究领域虽然发展迅速,但相对较年轻。这项工作概述了人类活动对救灾的影响。这项工作的一个关键点是确定不同类型的土地利用对形态发生的影响的差异。之所以选择诺里尔斯克矿区作为研究区域,是因为该地区人类活动密集而复杂,矿产资源丰富,人口众多,这意味着该地区发生了广泛的人为转变。通过研究,确定了对救灾影响最深远的土地利用类型。此外,还概述了对形态发生的直接和间接影响以及由此产生的过程。
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引用次数: 0
Preface to Special Issue "Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Geology, Geophysics and Geoecology" 《地质学、地球物理学和地质生态学的基础与应用》特刊前言
IF 1.3 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-09-11 DOI: 10.2205/2022es01si00
S. Kuizheva, M. Bedanokov, S. Lebedev
This article is devoted to a special issue of the Russian Journal of Geosciences, which is dedicated to the VI International Scientific and Practical Conference "Fundamental and Applied Aspects of geology, geophysics and geoecology using modern information technologies" 2021 at Maikop State Technological University (Maikop, Republic of Adygea) consisting of "The Year of Science and Technology in Russia". The scientific forum is traditionally held once a two years and is of great interest to scientific community.
本文为《俄罗斯地球科学杂志》特刊,该杂志致力于2021年在迈科普国立技术大学(迈科普,Adygea共和国)举行的第六届国际科学与实践会议“使用现代信息技术的地质学,地球物理学和地质生态学的基础和应用方面”,其中包括“俄罗斯科学技术年”。该科学论坛传统上每两年举办一次,是科学界非常感兴趣的活动。
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引用次数: 0
Search for extremity zones with discrete mathematical analysis algorithms to identify risks when drilling based on geophysical data 使用离散数学分析算法搜索极端区域,以便根据地球物理数据识别钻井时的风险
IF 1.3 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-08-30 DOI: 10.2205/2022es000796
S. Bogoutdinov, Anastasiya Odintsova, A. Pirogova
Despite the impressive list of examples of the integration of pattern recognition theory into various activities in the development of oil and gas fields, the authors propose a fundamentally new approach to the use of artificial intelligence. The paper considers in detail the algorithm for searching for extremity zones, based on discrete mathematical analysis (DMA), as applied to the problem of identifying geological hazards. The application of the method is shown on models of the physical properties of rocks reconstructed from seismic data. Potentially, it can also be applied directly to the wave seismic field to identify objects.
尽管将模式识别理论整合到油气田开发的各种活动中的例子令人印象深刻,但作者提出了一种使用人工智能的全新方法。本文详细研究了基于离散数学分析(DMA)的极值带搜索算法在地质灾害识别中的应用。该方法在地震资料重建的岩石物性模型上得到了应用。潜在地,它也可以直接应用于波地震场来识别物体。
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引用次数: 1
Atmospheric turbulence structure above urban nonhomogeneous surface 城市非均匀地表大气湍流结构
IF 1.3 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.2205/2022es01si11
I. Drozd, I. Repina, A. Gavrikov, V. Stepanenko, A. Artamonov, A. Pashkin, A. Varentsov
A new 21-meter eddy covariance tower is installed in the Meteorological observatory of Moscow State University in November 2019. It includes 3 levels with METEK sonic anemometers. The mast is located inside the urban area and makes it possible to analyze the structure of atmospheric turbulence in a heterogeneous urban condition. The measurement data from November 2019 to May 2020 are processed. Turbulent fluctuations of the wind velocity components are found to increase with height within 20 meters above the surface. The turbulent kinetic energy is proportional to the square of the averaged horizontal wind speed. The drag coefficient is determined by the type of footprint surface, with a value of 0.08 and 0.05 for urbanized and vegetated surfaces, respectively. The "turbulent flux of heat flux" is reasonably well predicted by diagnostic relation with heat flux, skewness and standard deviation of vertical speed, suggesting significant contribution of coherent structures to turbulent fluxes. The daily amplitude of the temperature variance increases with the daily amplitude of the average temperature. The paper considers the conditions for the applicability of the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory to the calculation of turbulent fluxes over a heterogeneous urban landscape.
2019年11月,莫斯科国立大学气象台安装了一座新的21米涡旋相关方差塔。它包括3级与METEK音速风速计。该桅杆位于市区内,使分析异质城市条件下的大气湍流结构成为可能。对2019年11月至2020年5月的测量数据进行处理。风速分量的湍流波动在地表以上20米范围内随高度增加而增加。紊流动能与平均水平风速的平方成正比。阻力系数由足迹地表类型决定,城市化地表和植被地表的阻力系数分别为0.08和0.05。通过与热流密度、偏度和垂直速度标准差的诊断关系,较好地预测了“热流的湍流通量”,表明相干结构对湍流通量有重要贡献。气温日变化幅度随平均气温日变化幅度的增大而增大。本文考虑了莫宁-奥布霍夫相似理论适用于非均质城市景观湍流通量计算的条件。
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引用次数: 1
Distribution, ecological and biological features and the state of cenopopulations of species of the genus Cephalanthera Rich. (Republic of Adygea) 头头属植物的分布、生态生物学特征及种群状况。(亚的亚共和国)
IF 1.3 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.2205/2022es01si10
E. Sirotyuk, G. Gunina, V. Khiryanov
There are three species of the genus Cephalanthera in the Republic of Adygea. All species are rare and listed in the Red Book of the Republic. They grow in forests of various types at altitudes from 209 m to 1724 m above sea level. The review provides a brief morphological description and some features of biology and ecology. Special attention is paid to identifying the locations of species, their phytocenotic association, analyzing the ontogenetic structure of cenopopulations and assessing their condition. Limiting factors were identified and possible ways of preserving the cenopopulation diversity of species were recommended.
在Adygea共和国有头蛛属的三种。所有物种都是稀有物种,被列入共和国红皮书。它们生长在海拔209米至1724米的各种类型的森林中。本文简要介绍了其形态描述及一些生物学和生态学特征。特别注意确定物种的位置,它们的植物共生关系,分析种群的个体发生结构和评估它们的状况。鉴定了限制种群多样性的因素,提出了保护种群多样性的可能途径。
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引用次数: 0
Using Big Data Technology to Protect the Environment 利用大数据技术保护环境
IF 1.3 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.2205/2022es01si02
V. Dovgal, S. Kuizheva
In the context of digitalization of all aspects of the surrounding world, data is becoming particularly relevant as one of the most valuable resources. The concept of "big data" means a huge amount of information, the size of which is too large, or it is created too quickly or has a structuring that does not allow it to be processed using traditional data management systems. Currently, large amounts of data and analytics are increasingly used by government agencies, non-governmental organizations and private companies in the field of environmental protection. The range of practical use of this technology is quite wide: from improving energy efficiency, tracking climate change over long periods of time, monitoring water quality, and ending with the promotion of environmental justice. This article describes several extremely promising applications of large data sets and their analytics, which can help achieve the goals of environmental protection and sustainable development, provide environmental benefits, help research on the environment, its conservation and protection. The widespread adoption of big data processing solutions allows us to illustrate the range of initiatives and approaches to reduce the environmental burden used by government agencies, non-governmental organizations and private companies.
在周围世界各方面数字化的背景下,数据作为最有价值的资源之一变得尤为重要。“大数据”的概念是指信息量巨大,或者信息量太大,或者创建速度太快,或者其结构不允许使用传统的数据管理系统对其进行处理。目前,大量的数据和分析越来越多地被政府机构、非政府组织和私营公司用于环境保护领域。这项技术的实际应用范围非常广泛:从提高能源效率、长期跟踪气候变化、监测水质,到促进环境正义。本文介绍了大数据集及其分析的几个极具前景的应用,这些应用可以帮助实现环境保护和可持续发展的目标,提供环境效益,帮助研究环境及其养护和保护。大数据处理解决方案的广泛采用使我们能够说明政府机构、非政府组织和私营公司为减轻环境负担而采取的一系列举措和方法。
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引用次数: 0
The mathematical model of thermoelastic stresses in the Carpathian region 喀尔巴阡地区热弹性应力的数学模型
IF 1.3 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.2205/2022es01si01
Natalia A. Bakhova
The two-dimensional thermoelastic model of the Carpathian region is constructed using the finite element method. The physical-mathematical model is as close as possible to the real environment. A~high-precision detailed distribution of temperatures, heat flow, thermoelastic stresses and displacements is obtained. It is shown that inhomogeneous heating of rocks and structural heterogeneities lead to significant changes in stress and displacement fields in the Carpathian region.
采用有限元法建立了喀尔巴阡地区的二维热弹性模型。物理数学模型尽可能地接近真实环境。得到了高精度的温度、热流、热弹性应力和位移的详细分布。研究表明,喀尔巴阡地区岩石的非均匀加热和构造的非均质性导致了应力场和位移场的显著变化。
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引用次数: 0
Features of the modelled stress-strain state dynamics prior to the M7.1 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake in Southern California 2019年南加州里奇克莱斯特7.1级地震前模拟应力-应变状态动力学特征
IF 1.3 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.2205/2022es000798
V. Bondur, M. Gokhberg, I. Garagash, D. Alekseev
The paper is concerned with the analysis of the simulated stress-strain state (SS) parameters of the earth's crust over the four-year period preceding the M7.1 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake in Southern California. SS parameters have been calculated using a detailed geomechanical model, taking into account an ongoing weak seismicity catalog data. Cyclic patterns are identified in the observed shear strain anomalies, with estimation of their spatial and temporal characteristics, and an attempt is made to track the influence of the local displacement direction and periodic migration of shear strain anomalies in the upper crust on the earthquake preparation. Finally, we discuss the role of the observed regularities in terms of existing models describing the earthquake preparation process.
本文对2019年南加州里奇克莱斯特里氏7.1级地震发生前4年期间的模拟地壳应力-应变状态(SS)参数进行了分析。SS参数是使用详细的地质力学模型计算的,同时考虑到正在进行的弱地震活动目录数据。在观测到的剪切应变异常中识别出循环模式,估计其时空特征,并试图跟踪上地壳剪切应变异常局部位移方向和周期性迁移对地震准备的影响。最后,我们讨论了观测到的规律在描述地震准备过程的现有模型中的作用。
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引用次数: 1
Morphological and chemical features of submarine groundwater discharge zones in the south-eastern part of the Baltic Sea 波罗的海东南部海底地下水排放带的形态和化学特征
IF 1.3 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-08-09 DOI: 10.2205/2022es000776
A. Krek, A. Danchenkov, G. Mikhnevich
The complex study of the bottom sediments and near-bottom water layer of the Gdansk Deep revealed the Ca maximum anomaly, marking the discharge of the Oxford-Titonian aquifer. The discharge zone is associated with gas-saturated sediments, which is caused by a common pathway of aqueous and gaseous fluids upraise along tectonic faults. The detailed survey of a seabed topography and acoustic survey of the sediments upper layer helped to specify the area of gas-saturated sediments and the size of the pockmarks.
通过对格但斯克深底沉积物和近底水层的综合研究,发现了Ca最大值异常,标志着牛津-铁通含水层的排放。排泄带与含气饱和沉积物有关,这是由水流体和气态流体沿构造断裂上行的共同通道造成的。海底地形的详细测量和沉积物上层的声学测量有助于确定含气沉积物的面积和麻坑的大小。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Russian Journal of Earth Sciences
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