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“Rede hit sofft”: John Audelay’s Practice of Care “Rede hit soft”:John Audelay的《Practice of Care》
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5406/1945662x.122.1.05
Chelsea Silva
In the Middle Ages, the term “blind” was capacious, denoting both complete lack of sight and lesser forms of visual impairment. Though absolute blindness was generally considered beyond medical remedy, treatments for innumerable other ocular complaints were ubiquitous in medieval leechbooks and remedy collections. In Beatrix Busse and Annette KernStähler’s words, these Middle English medical texts describe visual impairment not as a total, static state, but as liminal: a “gradual process of decay or of moving towards blindness,” what they call “blindness as a process of becoming.”1 This article explores how conceptualizing blindness as a dynamic movement, rather than a static state, might illuminate the relationship between late medieval medical and literary cultures. I focus on the devotional poetry of fifteenth-century priest John Audelay, which is preserved in Oxford, Bodleian Library MS Douce 302; a brief overview of this manuscript and its treatment of Audelay’s impairment is provided below. The article’s first section proposes that approaching the material and medical realities of Audelay’s blindness as evidence rather than metaphor allows us to understand his writing as the product of a nuanced system of medieval healthcare that, particularly where ocular health was concerned, was shaped as much by continual care as it was by discrete moments of trauma and treatment. The second section discusses the form of the spiritual “remede” presented in Audelay’s “Carol 2,” arguing that his didactic prescription constitutes a regimen of care that asserts the efficacy of durative, long-term treatment. Ultimately, I suggest that John Audelay’s poetry offers one example of how we might productively think through late medieval health as a durative and dynamic process, rather than a discrete destination. Aside from the devotional verse contained in Douce 302, we have only one other document with which to reconstruct Audelay’s life: a 1417 court record that identifies him as the personal chaplain of the Lestrange family, arrested for his involvement in their assault of a knight at a London
在中世纪,“盲人”一词具有广泛的含义,既指完全失明,也指较轻程度的视觉障碍。虽然绝对失明被普遍认为是医学无法治疗的,但对无数其他眼部疾病的治疗在中世纪的水蛭书和药物收藏中无处不在。用Beatrix Busse和Annette KernStähler的话来说,这些中世纪英语医学文献将视觉损伤描述为一种完全的、静态的状态,而是一种阈值:一种“逐渐衰退或走向失明的过程”,他们称之为“失明是一个成长的过程”。这篇文章探讨了如何将失明概念化为一种动态运动,而不是一种静态状态,从而阐明中世纪晚期医学和文学文化之间的关系。我关注的是15世纪牧师John Audelay的祈祷诗,这些诗保存在牛津大学博德利图书馆MS Douce 302;下面提供了这份手稿的简要概述及其对Audelay损伤的治疗。文章的第一部分提出,将Audelay失明的物质和医学现实作为证据而不是隐喻,可以让我们将他的作品理解为中世纪细致入微的医疗保健系统的产物,特别是在眼部健康方面,持续的护理与离散的创伤和治疗一样多。第二部分讨论了奥德莱的《卡罗尔2》中精神“治疗”的形式,认为他的说教式处方构成了一种护理方案,断言持久、长期治疗的有效性。最后,我认为约翰·奥德莱的诗歌提供了一个例子,说明我们如何有效地将中世纪晚期的健康视为一个持续和动态的过程,而不是一个离散的目的地。除了Douce 302中包含的祈祷诗,我们只有另一份文件可以用来重建奥德莱的生活:1417年的一份法庭记录,显示他是莱斯特兰奇家族的私人牧师,因参与袭击伦敦的一名骑士而被捕
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引用次数: 0
Þrymskviða, Þrymlur, and Tord af Havsgaard—a Case of Early Antiquarianism? Þrymskviða, Þrymlur和哈夫斯加德的托德——一个早期古物研究的案例?
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5406/1945662x.122.1.01
A. Lassen
The eddic poems are, as is well known, only preserved in written form and can therefore only be studied via the written records. As Fidjestøl put it: “All poetry which is orally transmitted from the past can be known only in its written form after the process of oral transmission has ceased” 1 — even though oral transmission may continue again on the basis of written sources. Scholars have argued that it is possible to draw a distinction between the linguistic body of a poem/text and the literary or narrative content, since, of course, a young poem or saga can tell an older story, as Erik Noreen remarked in 1926. 2 This article discusses the transmission of the myth of Þórr’s recovery of his hammer, a story most famously known from Þrymskviða . The story matter of Þrymskviða has a rich transmission. It is possible to follow it from the thirteenth century in Codex Regius, Reykjavík, Stofnun Árna Magnússonar í íslenskum fræðum, GKS 2365 4to, until Early Modern times. The only medieval copy of the poem is preserved in Codex Regius, and the poem does not seem to have been known by Snorri—even though it has been argued that Snorri may have composed the poem. 3 From a later period, we have a cycle of rímur , Þrymlur , which are preserved in Staðarhólsbók (Reykjavík, Stofnun Árna Magnússonar í íslenskum fræðum, AM 604 g 4to), a collection of rímur dated to around the middle of the sixteenth century. 4 We also have a Danish, Swedish, and
众所周知,eddic诗歌只能以书面形式保存,因此只能通过书面记录进行研究。正如Fidjestøl所说:“所有从过去口头传播的诗歌,只有在口头传播过程停止后,才能以书面形式为人所知”1——尽管口头传播可能会在书面来源的基础上再次继续。学者们认为,可以区分诗歌/文本的语言主体和文学或叙事内容,因为正如埃里克·诺林在1926年所说,一首年轻的诗歌或传奇故事当然可以讲述一个古老的故事。2这篇文章讨论了Þórr找回锤子的神话的传播,这个故事最著名的是来自Þ。里姆斯克维的故事有着丰富的传播。从13世纪起,雷克雅未克法典、StofnunÁrna Magnússonaríslenskum fræğum、GKS 2365 4to一直沿用到现代早期。这首诗的唯一中世纪副本保存在《瑞吉法典》中,尽管有人认为这首诗可能是斯诺里写的,但斯诺里似乎并不知道这首诗。3从后期开始,我们有一个rímur循环,Þrymulr,保存在Stağarhólsbók(雷克雅未克,StofnunÁrna Magnússonaríslenskum fræğum,AM 604 g 4to),这是一个可追溯到16世纪中期左右的rí穆尔收藏。4我们还有丹麦语、瑞典语和
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引用次数: 0
Enfeoffment to Use, Legalism, and Humanism in Gower’s Mirour de l’Omme 高尔《奥姆之梦》中的强制使用、法家主义与人道主义
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5406/1945662x.122.1.04
Yun Ni
Recent scholarship on medieval English law and literature emphasizes their generic affinities and discusses law and literature as equally fluid “parallel discourses” that illuminate a common culture.1 The preponderance of legal vocabulary in Gower’s Anglo-Norman poem Mirour de l’Omme (finished in the 1370s) has attracted the attention of many literary critics, who have noted the paradoxical juxtaposition of a bitter satire of the legal profession and a heavy reliance on allegorized legal devices for the purpose of moral didacticism. Among his references to legal devices, Gower’s diversification of the concept of “property ownership” is the most noteworthy. At the beginning of Mirour in the devils’ parliament, “the whole metaphoric complex of property ownership is split between the initial presentation of Man as having lost property (Paradise) and his more extensive role as lost property.”2 After losing Paradise, Man is in danger of losing his soul to the devil. Gower’s allegory expands the narrative of mankind’s fall by continually glossing “ownership” and “property rights” throughout the poem, which creates a tension between Man as property at the mercy of external forces and Man as a free creature capable of
最近关于中世纪英国法律和文学的学术研究强调了它们的一般关系,并将法律和文学视为同样流畅的“平行话语”,阐明了一种共同的文化高尔的盎格鲁-诺曼诗歌《镜子》(完成于13世纪70年代)中法律词汇的优势吸引了许多文学评论家的注意,他们注意到对法律职业的辛辣讽刺和对道德说教目的的寓言化法律手段的严重依赖之间的矛盾并存。在他对法律手段的引用中,高尔对“财产所有权”概念的多样化是最值得注意的。在《魔鬼议会》的开篇,“财产所有权的整个隐喻综合体被分裂成两部分,一是最初将人描述为失去了财产(天堂),二是他更广泛地扮演了失去财产的角色。在失去天堂之后,人有将灵魂交给魔鬼的危险。高尔的寓言通过对“所有权”和“财产权”的不断修饰,扩展了对人类堕落的叙述,这在作为受外力支配的财产的人与作为有能力的自由生物的人之间制造了一种紧张关系
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引用次数: 0
THE FOUR BRANCHES OF THE MABINOGI. MABINOGI的四个分支。
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/zcph.1901.3.1.123
Philip Freeman
Chapter ΠΙ. Their structure. (Continued.) The extent to which the Four Branches refer to particular localities will become clear from the following lists. In Pwyll Pt. I, i. e. the history of the relations between Pwyll and the king of Annwn, we have the place-names which follow: (1) Arberth, the 'priflys' of Pwyll. (2) Glynn Cuch. (3) Penn Llwyn Diarwya. In Pt. II of Pwyll the following localities are mentioned: (1) Arberth, the birthplace of Pryderi. (2) Gwent-is-coet, the domain of Teyrnon Twrv Vliant. while at the end of the Mabinogi the domain of Pryderi himself is given as follows: 'Seith cantref dyuet', to which were afterwards added, 'tri chantref ystrat tywi, and 'pedwar cantref keredigyaon'.
第二章。它们的结构。(续)四个分支机构在多大程度上指的是特定的地方,从以下列表中可以清楚地看出。在Pwyll Pt.I,即Pwyll和Annwn国王之间关系的历史中,我们有以下地名:(1)Arberth,Pwyll的“priflys”。(2) Glynn Cuch。(3) Penn Llwyn Diarwya。在Pwyll的第二部分中,提到了以下地方:(1)Pryderi的出生地Arberth。(2) Gwent是coet,是Teyrnon Twrv Vliant的领地。而在Mabinogi的结尾,Pryderi本人的领地如下:“Seith cantref dyuet”,之后添加了“tri chantref ystrat tywi”和“pedwar cantref keredigyaon”。
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引用次数: 49
A Miracle of St. Sunniva in AM 764 4to 公元764年圣圣尼瓦的奇迹
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5406/JENGLGERMPHIL.117.2.0235
N. V. Deusen
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引用次数: 0
The Lexical Effects of Anglo-Scandinavian Linguistic Contact in Old English by Sara M. Pons-Sanz. Turnhout: Brepols, 2013. 《古英语中盎格鲁-斯堪的纳维亚语言接触的词汇效应》萨拉·m·庞斯-桑兹著。投票率:布雷波尔斯,2013年。
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.5406/JENGLGERMPHIL.115.4.0496
Marcelle Cole
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引用次数: 4
Review: T.A. Bredehoft's The Visible Text: Textual Production and Reproduction from Beowulf to Maus 回顾:T.A.布雷德霍夫的《可见文本:从贝奥武夫到老鼠的文本生产与复制》
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.5406/jenglgermphil.115.3.0398
Bonnie Mak
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引用次数: 0
The Dominican Connection: Some Comments on the Sources, Authorship, and Provenance of Mǫrtu saga ok Maríu Magðalenu 多米尼加的联系:对Mǫrtu saga ok Maríu magor alenu的来源、作者和出处的一些评论
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.5406/JENGLGERMPHIL.113.2.0206
N. V. Deusen
Mary Magdalen enjoyed considerable popularity in Catholic-era Iceland (1000–1550). The saint, who in the Middle Ages was conflated with Mary of Bethany and the unnamed sinner in Luke who washed and anointed Jesus’s feet, and who, according to medieval apocryphal legend, evangel ized Marseilles in France following the resurrection, is reported to have been the patron of a chapel at Reykir in Fljot and the co-patron of Fell in Kollafjorður, Grunnavik, Hvammur in Hvammssveit, Meðalfell, Skarð in Skarðsstrond, and Þerney. 2 In addition, the extant church inventories reveal that the monasteries at Þykkvabaer and Þingeyrar and the churches at Borg, Holar in Eyjafjorður, Oddi, Rip, and Skutustaðir had her image. 3 Mary Magdalen’s feast day, July 22, is listed in a number of medieval Ice landic calendars and appears with some frequency in legal texts, both to mark the date of letters and to give instructions regarding the observation of holy days. She is named in testaments, indicating both personal and localized devotion to the saint, and is frequently mentioned in medieval Icelandic religious literature. A significant manifestation of her medieval Icelandic cult is the composite legend of the saint and her “sister,” Mar tha of Bethany. This so-called Mortu saga ok Mariu Magðalenu, which was probably compiled during the first half of the fourteenth century, is extant in the late medieval Icelandic manuscripts NoRA 79 fragm. (ca. 1350), AM 233a fol. (ca. 1350–1375), AM 235 fol. (ca. 1400), Stock. Perg. 2 fol. (ca. 1425–1445), and AM 764 4to (ca. 1376–1386). 4 There are many
抹大拉的玛丽在天主教时代的冰岛(1000-1550)享有相当大的声望。这位圣人在中世纪与伯大尼的玛利亚和路加福音中为耶稣洗脚并抹油的无名罪人混在一起,根据中世纪的杜撰传说,他在耶稣复活后向法国马赛传福音,据报道,他是弗约特Reykir一座教堂的赞助人,也是kollafjoror ður、Grunnavik、Hvammssveit的Hvammur、Meðalfell、Skarð in Skarðsstrond和Þerney的共同赞助人。2此外,现存的教堂清单显示,Þykkvabaer和Þingeyrar的修道院以及eyjafjoror & ur、Oddi、Rip和skutusta & ir的Borg、Holar教堂都有她的肖像。抹大拉的玛利亚的节日,7月22日,被列在许多中世纪的冰大陆日历上,并在法律文本中出现一些频率,既是为了标记信件的日期,也是为了给出关于遵守圣日的指示。她在遗嘱中被命名,表明个人和地方对圣人的忠诚,并在中世纪冰岛宗教文学中经常提到。中世纪冰岛人对她的崇拜的一个重要表现是这位圣徒和她的“妹妹”伯大尼的玛尔塔的复合传说。这个所谓的Mortu saga ok Mariu magzu alenu,可能是在14世纪上半叶编成的,现存于中世纪晚期的冰岛手稿NoRA 79片段中。(约1350年),AM 233a。(约1350-1375);(约1400年),股票。2 .傻瓜。(ca. 1425-1445)和AM 764至(ca. 1376-1386)。有很多
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引用次数: 0
Naming and Namelessness in Medieval Romance (review) 中世纪浪漫小说中的命名与无名(回顾)
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2010-06-17 DOI: 10.1353/egp.0.0158
L. de Looze
of wyne” (795.8) and make sure that “all the wyndows and holys of that chambir were stopped, that no maner of day myght be seyne” (795.18–19). Thinking he is in bed with Gwenyvere, “wyte you well that sir Launcelot was glad” (795.12). It is only when he “had unshutte the wyndow” (795.21) and realizes, not what has happened, but with whom he has spent the night that he is conscious of having “done amysse” (795.21). It is not because he has committed a sexual sin that he is appalled: unwittingly he has been unfaithful to the queen. Terence McCarthy Université de Bourgogne
(795.18-19)并确保“那个房间的所有窗户和圣窗都被关闭,不让任何一天被看到”(795.18-19)。他以为自己和格温妮维尔在床上,“告诉你朗塞洛爵士很高兴”(795.12)。只有当他“打开了窗户”(795.21),并意识到不是发生了什么,而是他和谁一起过夜时,他才意识到自己“做了一件疯狂的事”(795.21)。他感到震惊并不是因为他犯了性罪:他在不知不觉中对女王不忠。特伦斯·麦卡锡,法国勃艮第大学
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引用次数: 0
The Old English Homily: Precedent, Practice and Appropriation (review) 古英语布道:先例、实践与挪用(复习)
IF 0.2 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2009-09-10 DOI: 10.1353/egp.0.0079
Claudia Di Sciacca
to that of the liturgy on the construction of the later medieval Corpus Christi Cycles or on medieval iconography. In the short conclusion following this essay (pp. 219–22) the importance of the ‘remnant’ motif in both heroic and Biblical poetry and their respective historic frameworks is once again underlined. Notwithstanding the fact that The Remnant would have benefited greatly from another round of proofreading, the book offers a great deal of relevant information about the development of the “remnant motif” in Old English poetry and its potential inspiration from Biblical and patristic writings. It makes a particularly interesting contribution to the scholarship on Genesis A, Exodus, and Daniel and on the compilation of MS Junius 11. It is all the more regrettable, therefore, that the linguistic argumentation and documentation in the book does not even meet basic standards. Linguistic archaeology without the proper tools means digging in the dark. Kees Dekker University of Groningen
到中世纪后期基督圣体循环或中世纪圣像学的礼拜仪式。在这篇文章的简短结论中(第219-22页),“残余”主题在英雄诗歌和圣经诗歌及其各自的历史框架中的重要性再次得到强调。尽管事实是《遗民》将从另一轮校对中受益匪浅,但这本书提供了大量有关古英语诗歌中“遗民母题”发展的相关信息,以及它从圣经和教父著作中获得的潜在灵感。它对《创世纪a》、《出埃及记》、《但以理书》以及《朱尼厄斯11》的编纂做出了特别有趣的贡献。因此,更令人遗憾的是,书中的语言论证和文献甚至不符合基本标准。没有适当工具的语言学考古意味着在黑暗中挖掘。格罗宁根Kees Dekker大学
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引用次数: 0
期刊
JOURNAL OF ENGLISH AND GERMANIC PHILOLOGY
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