This paper proposes a model based on both direct reciprocity and the use of social network structures to incentive cooperation in human societies. The absence of third-party reputation assures that very few opportunities are left for lying and misreporting of information by the members of the community. Social relationships are built according to the criterion that nodes seek to interact with others at least as cooperative as themselves. This idea together with the effect of nodes prioritizing with their relationships produces the highest benefits for the most cooperative behaviours while the performance of uncooperative nodes is heavily penalized. The trust model is applied to a number of simulations of the iterated Prisoner's dilemma game.
{"title":"Cooperation in Social Networks of Trust","authors":"Gualtiero Colombo, R. Whitaker, S. M. Allen","doi":"10.1109/SASOW.2008.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SASOW.2008.39","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a model based on both direct reciprocity and the use of social network structures to incentive cooperation in human societies. The absence of third-party reputation assures that very few opportunities are left for lying and misreporting of information by the members of the community. Social relationships are built according to the criterion that nodes seek to interact with others at least as cooperative as themselves. This idea together with the effect of nodes prioritizing with their relationships produces the highest benefits for the most cooperative behaviours while the performance of uncooperative nodes is heavily penalized. The trust model is applied to a number of simulations of the iterated Prisoner's dilemma game.","PeriodicalId":447279,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems Workshops","volume":"83 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131472342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cynthia Villalba, A. Rosi, Mirko Viroli, F. Zambonelli
Innovative paradigms and frameworks have to be identified to enable the effective deployment and execution of pervasive computing services able to enforcing properties of self-organization and self-adaptability, self-management, and of long-lasting evolvability. This paper discusses how such frameworks should get inspiration from natural systems, by enabling modeling and deployment of services as autonomous individuals, spatially-situated in a system of other services, data sources, and pervasive devices, all of which acting, interacting, and evolving according to a limited set of spatial ldquolaws of naturerdquo. In this context, this paper presents a reference architecture to uniformly frame such concepts, surveys and critically analyzes different nature-inspired spatial metaphors to realize the idea, and details our current research agenda concerning the development of service frameworks inspired to the ecological metaphor.
{"title":"Nature-Inspired Spatial Metaphors for Pervasive Service Ecosystems","authors":"Cynthia Villalba, A. Rosi, Mirko Viroli, F. Zambonelli","doi":"10.1109/SASOW.2008.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SASOW.2008.47","url":null,"abstract":"Innovative paradigms and frameworks have to be identified to enable the effective deployment and execution of pervasive computing services able to enforcing properties of self-organization and self-adaptability, self-management, and of long-lasting evolvability. This paper discusses how such frameworks should get inspiration from natural systems, by enabling modeling and deployment of services as autonomous individuals, spatially-situated in a system of other services, data sources, and pervasive devices, all of which acting, interacting, and evolving according to a limited set of spatial ldquolaws of naturerdquo. In this context, this paper presents a reference architecture to uniformly frame such concepts, surveys and critically analyzes different nature-inspired spatial metaphors to realize the idea, and details our current research agenda concerning the development of service frameworks inspired to the ecological metaphor.","PeriodicalId":447279,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems Workshops","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116550503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vasileios Baousis, Konstantinos Tzannetakos, Elias Zavitsanos, Vassilis Spiliopoulos, S. Hadjiefthymiades
Service selection and adaptation is of paramount importance in contemporary mobile networks. Many diverse parameters should be taken into account (e.g., user context, terminal and network capabilities) for the selection of the appropriate service or the required service adaptations. In this paper we propose a framework for service selection and adaptation. A case based reasoning system (CBRS) is used to select the most appropriate service. Services are modelled using formal semantics. The CBRS retrieves the most appropriate service by comparing previous cases with the current service request. This comparison is performed using similarity metrics. We elaborate on the different aspects of the discussed architecture and provide indicative examples to illustrate the versatility of the proposed scheme.
{"title":"A Case Based Reasoning Framework for Service Selection and Adaptation in Mobile Networks","authors":"Vasileios Baousis, Konstantinos Tzannetakos, Elias Zavitsanos, Vassilis Spiliopoulos, S. Hadjiefthymiades","doi":"10.1109/SASOW.2008.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SASOW.2008.22","url":null,"abstract":"Service selection and adaptation is of paramount importance in contemporary mobile networks. Many diverse parameters should be taken into account (e.g., user context, terminal and network capabilities) for the selection of the appropriate service or the required service adaptations. In this paper we propose a framework for service selection and adaptation. A case based reasoning system (CBRS) is used to select the most appropriate service. Services are modelled using formal semantics. The CBRS retrieves the most appropriate service by comparing previous cases with the current service request. This comparison is performed using similarity metrics. We elaborate on the different aspects of the discussed architecture and provide indicative examples to illustrate the versatility of the proposed scheme.","PeriodicalId":447279,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems Workshops","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129753487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this position paper, we propose the development of a new biologically inspired paradigm based on fungal colonies, for the application to pervasive adaptive systems. Fungal colonies have a number of properties that make them an excellent candidate for inspiration for engineered systems. Here we propose the application of such inspiration to a speckled computing platform. We argue that properties from fungal colonies map well to properties and requirements for controlling SpeckNets and suggest that an existing mathematical model of a fungal colony can developed into a new computational paradigm.
{"title":"A New Paradigm for SpeckNets: Inspiration from Fungal Colonies","authors":"R. Falconer, J. Bown, E. Hart, J. Timmis","doi":"10.1109/SASOW.2008.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SASOW.2008.55","url":null,"abstract":"In this position paper, we propose the development of a new biologically inspired paradigm based on fungal colonies, for the application to pervasive adaptive systems. Fungal colonies have a number of properties that make them an excellent candidate for inspiration for engineered systems. Here we propose the application of such inspiration to a speckled computing platform. We argue that properties from fungal colonies map well to properties and requirements for controlling SpeckNets and suggest that an existing mathematical model of a fungal colony can developed into a new computational paradigm.","PeriodicalId":447279,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems Workshops","volume":"20 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132830106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Spatial computing systems are characterized by the extended physical environment in which they exist and function. Often this environment can be manipulated in various ways by the computing agents. We argue that it is important to consider the potential use of the environment for coordination and indirect communication in such systems. For inherently spatial problems, it can be more effective to store spatially relevant information in the environment rather than in the computing devices, as in the case of mobile agents or long-term physical structures. In scientific settings, considering the role of the environment can illuminate mechanisms or processes that might otherwise be overlooked; in engineering problems, it can provide simpler and more effective solutions than could be achieved by relying on the computing devices alone. We give as examples problems related to foraging, collective construction, simultaneous localization and mapping, object tracking, and behaviors of living tissues. We suggest in closing a classification scheme for capabilities of environmental elements, relevant to the design of physically embodied spatial computing systems.
{"title":"Bioinspired Environmental Coordination in Spatial Computing Systems","authors":"Justin Werfel, Y. Bar-Yam, D. Ingber","doi":"10.1109/SASOW.2008.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SASOW.2008.15","url":null,"abstract":"Spatial computing systems are characterized by the extended physical environment in which they exist and function. Often this environment can be manipulated in various ways by the computing agents. We argue that it is important to consider the potential use of the environment for coordination and indirect communication in such systems. For inherently spatial problems, it can be more effective to store spatially relevant information in the environment rather than in the computing devices, as in the case of mobile agents or long-term physical structures. In scientific settings, considering the role of the environment can illuminate mechanisms or processes that might otherwise be overlooked; in engineering problems, it can provide simpler and more effective solutions than could be achieved by relying on the computing devices alone. We give as examples problems related to foraging, collective construction, simultaneous localization and mapping, object tracking, and behaviors of living tissues. We suggest in closing a classification scheme for capabilities of environmental elements, relevant to the design of physically embodied spatial computing systems.","PeriodicalId":447279,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems Workshops","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132561542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. M. Allen, M. Conti, J. Crowcroft, Robin I. M. Dunbar, P. Lio’, J. F. Mendes, R. Molva, A. Passarella, I. Stavrakakis, R. Whitaker
As technology progresses, we are seeing increasing numbers of small devices that have the capability to store, process and forward information in our everyday physical environments. Increasingly, this is opening up the opportunity to generate, collect and communicate new knowledge and information in diverse aspects of human life. However this raises significant challenges for communication and content acquisition, as new levels of flexibility, adaptation and dynamism are required. In particular, the traditional notion of always-on end-to-end network connectivity becomes inappropriate, and radical rethinking is necessary. The EU FET project social networking for pervasive adaptation (SOCIALNETS) seeks to overcome these challenges by understanding, modelling and exploiting the key characteristics that enable humans to adapt and exhibit agility beyond other species. Through developing the capacity for devices to socially network, we believe that there is significant potential to facilitate highly effective pervasive communication and content provision.
{"title":"Social Networking for Pervasive Adaptation","authors":"S. M. Allen, M. Conti, J. Crowcroft, Robin I. M. Dunbar, P. Lio’, J. F. Mendes, R. Molva, A. Passarella, I. Stavrakakis, R. Whitaker","doi":"10.1109/SASOW.2008.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SASOW.2008.34","url":null,"abstract":"As technology progresses, we are seeing increasing numbers of small devices that have the capability to store, process and forward information in our everyday physical environments. Increasingly, this is opening up the opportunity to generate, collect and communicate new knowledge and information in diverse aspects of human life. However this raises significant challenges for communication and content acquisition, as new levels of flexibility, adaptation and dynamism are required. In particular, the traditional notion of always-on end-to-end network connectivity becomes inappropriate, and radical rethinking is necessary. The EU FET project social networking for pervasive adaptation (SOCIALNETS) seeks to overcome these challenges by understanding, modelling and exploiting the key characteristics that enable humans to adapt and exhibit agility beyond other species. Through developing the capacity for devices to socially network, we believe that there is significant potential to facilitate highly effective pervasive communication and content provision.","PeriodicalId":447279,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems Workshops","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116636355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many authors recognize the limitations of hierarchical Grid scheduling in scalable environments, and proposed peer-to-peer solutions to this problem. However, most peer-to-peer grid resource management systems allow only to discover available resources at the time of the request. We claim that peer-to-peer techniques have the potential for actual Grid scheduling, where each resource maintains a schedule of its future allocation to jobs. We present such a protocol, which additionally allows users to specify desired properties about the requested schedules.
{"title":"On the Feasibility of Decentralized Grid Scheduling","authors":"Marco Fiscato, Paolo Costa, G. Pierre","doi":"10.1109/SASOW.2008.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SASOW.2008.64","url":null,"abstract":"Many authors recognize the limitations of hierarchical Grid scheduling in scalable environments, and proposed peer-to-peer solutions to this problem. However, most peer-to-peer grid resource management systems allow only to discover available resources at the time of the request. We claim that peer-to-peer techniques have the potential for actual Grid scheduling, where each resource maintains a schedule of its future allocation to jobs. We present such a protocol, which additionally allows users to specify desired properties about the requested schedules.","PeriodicalId":447279,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems Workshops","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132884837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ubiquitously available mobile devices can contribute to grids not only for accessing resources but also to provide resources, such as, computational power or memory in mobile scenarios. When utilizing networked mobile resources challenges arise due to, e.g., disconnections, disturbances on the wireless medium, and limited energy sources.We propose an opportunistic job scheduling approach to harness cycles. Mobile nodes decide autonomously which job to take by matching the job's requirements against their capabilities and coordinate among each other based on shared job queues. Reactive and proactive fault tolerance mechanisms assure robustness.The main contribution of this work is the introduction of five different fairness strategies for self-organizing balanced load distribution based on gossiping about the other mobile nodes' states and comparing the own status against this information. In simulation runs, we achieved an improvement of fair load distribution which remained robust even in the presence of faults.
{"title":"Self-Organizing Fair Job Scheduling among Mobile Devices","authors":"K. Hummel, H. Meyer","doi":"10.1109/SASOW.2008.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SASOW.2008.58","url":null,"abstract":"Ubiquitously available mobile devices can contribute to grids not only for accessing resources but also to provide resources, such as, computational power or memory in mobile scenarios. When utilizing networked mobile resources challenges arise due to, e.g., disconnections, disturbances on the wireless medium, and limited energy sources.We propose an opportunistic job scheduling approach to harness cycles. Mobile nodes decide autonomously which job to take by matching the job's requirements against their capabilities and coordinate among each other based on shared job queues. Reactive and proactive fault tolerance mechanisms assure robustness.The main contribution of this work is the introduction of five different fairness strategies for self-organizing balanced load distribution based on gossiping about the other mobile nodes' states and comparing the own status against this information. In simulation runs, we achieved an improvement of fair load distribution which remained robust even in the presence of faults.","PeriodicalId":447279,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems Workshops","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124170146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Holonic assembly systems require intelligent and distributed IT support. Traditionally this has been achieved through the use of multiagent systems (MAS). Recently a significant research effort has been invested in applying service oriented architectures (SOA) in automation domains. MAS and SOA are often perceived has competing concepts and technologies. In this application oriented paper an informal comparative analysis between MAS and SOA, derived from the authors' experience, is presented with the goal of unveiling their strengths and weaknesses in supporting self-properties. A case study demonstrating self monitoring/diagnosis/healing in the assembly domain illustrates a first approach to merging the best of both worlds in a lightweight infrastructure that can be ported to embedded devices, following the trend that advocates the use of pervasive computing materialized in tiny devices for automation.
{"title":"MAS and SOA: A Case Study Exploring Principles and Technologies to Support Self-Properties in Assembly Systems","authors":"Luis Ribeiro, J. Barata, A. Colombo","doi":"10.1109/SASOW.2008.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SASOW.2008.41","url":null,"abstract":"Holonic assembly systems require intelligent and distributed IT support. Traditionally this has been achieved through the use of multiagent systems (MAS). Recently a significant research effort has been invested in applying service oriented architectures (SOA) in automation domains. MAS and SOA are often perceived has competing concepts and technologies. In this application oriented paper an informal comparative analysis between MAS and SOA, derived from the authors' experience, is presented with the goal of unveiling their strengths and weaknesses in supporting self-properties. A case study demonstrating self monitoring/diagnosis/healing in the assembly domain illustrates a first approach to merging the best of both worlds in a lightweight infrastructure that can be ported to embedded devices, following the trend that advocates the use of pervasive computing materialized in tiny devices for automation.","PeriodicalId":447279,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems Workshops","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127946492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ambient Intelligence scenarios can be deployed even when the environment lacks of a underlying network infrastructure. This can be done using distributed ad-hoc networks. Ambient Intelligence applications can be highly variable and networks can have an unanticipated number of members. Inappropriate distributed network topologies can lead to unstable and inefficient communication. We propose PALTA, a decentralized and self-adaptable network topology. We use feedback loops to model its self-adaptable behaviour and we evaluate its performance using different simulations and measurements. PALTA allows the construction of distributed networks using self-management techniques and maintaining a good overall performance on the network communication.
{"title":"A Self-Adaptable Network Topology for Ambient Intelligence","authors":"Boris Mejías, A. Cádiz, P. V. Roy, K. Mens","doi":"10.1109/SASOW.2008.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SASOW.2008.60","url":null,"abstract":"Ambient Intelligence scenarios can be deployed even when the environment lacks of a underlying network infrastructure. This can be done using distributed ad-hoc networks. Ambient Intelligence applications can be highly variable and networks can have an unanticipated number of members. Inappropriate distributed network topologies can lead to unstable and inefficient communication. We propose PALTA, a decentralized and self-adaptable network topology. We use feedback loops to model its self-adaptable behaviour and we evaluate its performance using different simulations and measurements. PALTA allows the construction of distributed networks using self-management techniques and maintaining a good overall performance on the network communication.","PeriodicalId":447279,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems Workshops","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131938942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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