Pub Date : 2022-10-03DOI: 10.1080/21528586.2023.2175721
Gracsious Maviza, Divane Nzima
ABSTRACT Intergenerational support is a common cultural expectation and obligation in most African families. It is a form of reciprocal solidarity wherein a generation uses its privileges to assist a generation in need. This is typical of care and support relationships between parents and their children. As parents care and provide for their children, the unspoken expectation is that they are investing as their children will be obliged to take care of them in the future. In Zimbabwe, the obligations of this social contract have led many to migrate to other countries in search of economic opportunities. However, with the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resultant economic hardships, these reciprocal relationships have been negatively impacted. This paper assesses the impact of COVID-19 and the economic difficulties faced by migrants in South Africa, drawing from the life histories of dyads of five parents and five adult children. It explores how the governance systems implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic and the precarity of transnational migrants in South Africa affected intergenerational material support within transnational families. Findings reveal that the pandemic significantly affected intergenerational support within transnational families. The restrictive measures crafted to curb the spread of the pandemic led to notable adaptations in the provision of parental support by migrant children in South Africa. Parental support went beyond reciprocity and altruism, exhibiting a profound moral value embedded in the moral economy perspective, where children remain committed to providing support to their parents despite the economic struggles presented by the pandemic.
{"title":"Intergenerational Kinship Networks of Support Within Transnational Families in the era of COVID-19 in the South Africa–Zimbabwe Migration Corridor","authors":"Gracsious Maviza, Divane Nzima","doi":"10.1080/21528586.2023.2175721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21528586.2023.2175721","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Intergenerational support is a common cultural expectation and obligation in most African families. It is a form of reciprocal solidarity wherein a generation uses its privileges to assist a generation in need. This is typical of care and support relationships between parents and their children. As parents care and provide for their children, the unspoken expectation is that they are investing as their children will be obliged to take care of them in the future. In Zimbabwe, the obligations of this social contract have led many to migrate to other countries in search of economic opportunities. However, with the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resultant economic hardships, these reciprocal relationships have been negatively impacted. This paper assesses the impact of COVID-19 and the economic difficulties faced by migrants in South Africa, drawing from the life histories of dyads of five parents and five adult children. It explores how the governance systems implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic and the precarity of transnational migrants in South Africa affected intergenerational material support within transnational families. Findings reveal that the pandemic significantly affected intergenerational support within transnational families. The restrictive measures crafted to curb the spread of the pandemic led to notable adaptations in the provision of parental support by migrant children in South Africa. Parental support went beyond reciprocity and altruism, exhibiting a profound moral value embedded in the moral economy perspective, where children remain committed to providing support to their parents despite the economic struggles presented by the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":44730,"journal":{"name":"South African Review of Sociology","volume":"25 1","pages":"89 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79659143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-03DOI: 10.1080/21528586.2023.2166096
Simon Tebogo Lobaka
ABSTRACT Although there is a strong belief in certain circles that fatherhood is best exercised in the context of a nuclear family, non-residential fatherhood is a growing phenomenon worldwide. In a South African context, the understanding of a family from a homogenous, dual-income, and co-resident lens disregards the emergence and prominence of the so-called non-traditional families. Studies in South Africa have also shown that co-residence is not always plausible or realistic. This article contributes to the growing understanding of the manifold caregiving roles that non-resident biological fathers play in the raising of their children over the life course. In-depth interviews were conducted with 23 black South African non-resident fathers aged 25–64 in Tshwane Municipality. The study found that non-resident fathers play a significant role in raising their children. This study makes an important contribution to dispelling two myths that have dominated fatherhood literature in the last few decades. First, the study dispels the myth that Black South African fathers’ especially non-resident fathers are irresponsible and are deadbeat. Second, the study showed that residence is a poor predictor of paternal involvement. The men in the study make sustained efforts to remain actively involved in the lives of their children. However, the findings also show that non-resident fathers frequently struggle to strike a balance between their many responsibilities and the societal expectations that their role as fathers must meet. Furthermore, non-resident fathers found it difficult to simultaneously adapt to their manifold roles of provider, nurturer, and moral guide.
{"title":"Non-Resident, Not Absent: The Caregiving Role Non-Resident Fathers Play in Raising Their Children","authors":"Simon Tebogo Lobaka","doi":"10.1080/21528586.2023.2166096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21528586.2023.2166096","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Although there is a strong belief in certain circles that fatherhood is best exercised in the context of a nuclear family, non-residential fatherhood is a growing phenomenon worldwide. In a South African context, the understanding of a family from a homogenous, dual-income, and co-resident lens disregards the emergence and prominence of the so-called non-traditional families. Studies in South Africa have also shown that co-residence is not always plausible or realistic. This article contributes to the growing understanding of the manifold caregiving roles that non-resident biological fathers play in the raising of their children over the life course. In-depth interviews were conducted with 23 black South African non-resident fathers aged 25–64 in Tshwane Municipality. The study found that non-resident fathers play a significant role in raising their children. This study makes an important contribution to dispelling two myths that have dominated fatherhood literature in the last few decades. First, the study dispels the myth that Black South African fathers’ especially non-resident fathers are irresponsible and are deadbeat. Second, the study showed that residence is a poor predictor of paternal involvement. The men in the study make sustained efforts to remain actively involved in the lives of their children. However, the findings also show that non-resident fathers frequently struggle to strike a balance between their many responsibilities and the societal expectations that their role as fathers must meet. Furthermore, non-resident fathers found it difficult to simultaneously adapt to their manifold roles of provider, nurturer, and moral guide.","PeriodicalId":44730,"journal":{"name":"South African Review of Sociology","volume":"111 1","pages":"21 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80719985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-03DOI: 10.1080/21528586.2023.2173643
M. Rabe, M. Londt
ABSTRACT It is often argued that incarcerated men who stay connected with their families are less likely to reoffend. Despite the growing literature on non-residential fatherhood in South Africa, little research has been conducted on incarcerated men in South Africa. In this article, we draw on the expertise and perspectives of three research participants who used to work closely, as care professionals, with incarcerated men in the Western Cape. By drawing on Bronfenbrenner’s human development theory, the journeys of incarcerated men as fathers are explored here. The diversity and the nature of offences are important when the links between fathers, their children and other family members are considered during their entry, stay and release from correctional facilities. The care professionals are all attuned to the agency of the individual men, the close ties some have with deviant communities, the complexities of family environments and the socioeconomic pressure under which many incarcerated fathers and their families live. The context of a society, with a violent past and present, is also highlighted.
{"title":"Exploring the Ties of Incarcerated Fathers with Their Families and Communities in the Western Cape—The Perspectives of Care Professionals","authors":"M. Rabe, M. Londt","doi":"10.1080/21528586.2023.2173643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21528586.2023.2173643","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT It is often argued that incarcerated men who stay connected with their families are less likely to reoffend. Despite the growing literature on non-residential fatherhood in South Africa, little research has been conducted on incarcerated men in South Africa. In this article, we draw on the expertise and perspectives of three research participants who used to work closely, as care professionals, with incarcerated men in the Western Cape. By drawing on Bronfenbrenner’s human development theory, the journeys of incarcerated men as fathers are explored here. The diversity and the nature of offences are important when the links between fathers, their children and other family members are considered during their entry, stay and release from correctional facilities. The care professionals are all attuned to the agency of the individual men, the close ties some have with deviant communities, the complexities of family environments and the socioeconomic pressure under which many incarcerated fathers and their families live. The context of a society, with a violent past and present, is also highlighted.","PeriodicalId":44730,"journal":{"name":"South African Review of Sociology","volume":"9 1","pages":"42 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75935883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-03DOI: 10.1080/21528586.2023.2170458
Wonder Muchabaiwa
ABSTRACT The study interrogated the socio-economic dynamics of the small-house households. The small-house relationship is a secretive long-term relationship between a married man and another woman where both develop an emotional attachment. The study was conducted in Harare metropolitan province and adopted a gender perspective to illuminate the gender dynamics and socio-economic circumstances of children growing up in small-house households. The secretive nature and complexity of the small-house household structure render the nuances of economic support in such contexts worth exploring to add value to the Sociology of Families and Households. The qualitative research study employed in-depth interviews to collect data from 36 participants who were purposively sampled. The study findings reveal that the small-house household remains a problematic context for raising children. Disengaged fatherhood tends to expose such households to poverty as the breadwinning role is left to one partner. Reportedly, disengaged fatherhood in small-house households tends to affect financial resources for food, rentals, water and electricity bills and school fees. Problems experienced in small-house households are often exacerbated by the secretive nature of the relationship. The study also reveals that conflict between partners is mainly a result of constrained financial and material resources. The small-house households may inadvertently violate children’s rights, including opportunities to access education and social security. The study recommends the expansion of the Zimbabwe Marriage Act of 1997 to acknowledge variety of relationships and enforce financial obligations on the partners to take care of the children.
{"title":"The Socio-Economic Dynamics of the Small-House Household Structure in Harare Metropolitan Province: A Gender Perspective","authors":"Wonder Muchabaiwa","doi":"10.1080/21528586.2023.2170458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21528586.2023.2170458","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The study interrogated the socio-economic dynamics of the small-house households. The small-house relationship is a secretive long-term relationship between a married man and another woman where both develop an emotional attachment. The study was conducted in Harare metropolitan province and adopted a gender perspective to illuminate the gender dynamics and socio-economic circumstances of children growing up in small-house households. The secretive nature and complexity of the small-house household structure render the nuances of economic support in such contexts worth exploring to add value to the Sociology of Families and Households. The qualitative research study employed in-depth interviews to collect data from 36 participants who were purposively sampled. The study findings reveal that the small-house household remains a problematic context for raising children. Disengaged fatherhood tends to expose such households to poverty as the breadwinning role is left to one partner. Reportedly, disengaged fatherhood in small-house households tends to affect financial resources for food, rentals, water and electricity bills and school fees. Problems experienced in small-house households are often exacerbated by the secretive nature of the relationship. The study also reveals that conflict between partners is mainly a result of constrained financial and material resources. The small-house households may inadvertently violate children’s rights, including opportunities to access education and social security. The study recommends the expansion of the Zimbabwe Marriage Act of 1997 to acknowledge variety of relationships and enforce financial obligations on the partners to take care of the children.","PeriodicalId":44730,"journal":{"name":"South African Review of Sociology","volume":"12 1","pages":"58 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87829495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-03DOI: 10.1080/21528586.2023.2180428
M. Rabe, S. Kumswa
A phrase such as “Families in Africa” conjures up varied images. In fact, the term ׅ“families” in itself can be seen as elusive, even though it is so familiar to all of us. Individuals have specific experiences of families that they often regard as unique, and this may lead to increasing resistance against general definitions of families. Generalised definitions of families have been seen as too restrictive in the past, sometimes side-lining certain family forms and dynamics or regarding some family forms as “ideal”. Families in Africa are sometimes easily classified as either large extended networks, where family members support each other, or “in crisis” and failing in pertinent roles, such as socialising children and taking care of vulnerable members of society. This latter perspective stems from a deficit paradigm where families are blamed for negative elements in society, such as brutal acts of violence and hardship. Mokomane (2013) is one of the authors who caution us against such a simplistic understanding of families as families live in complicated environments. The articles in this Special Issue, continues to highlight and explain these complexities within specific African contexts. In South Africa, the first White Paper of Families was published in 2012 (DSD 2012) and although the definition was fairly inclusive, other aspects of the White Paper were severely criticised by both activists and academics (see Rabe 2017). In this first publication of the White Paper, the moralistic tone and idealisation of heterosexual nuclear families with assumed access to resources, despite acknowledging the wide variety of family forms, was difficult to fathom. After much consultation, an updated version of the White Paper was published early in 2022 (DSD 2022). Although the definition of families did not change in the revised White Paper, the underlying moral sentiments and explicit preferences for particular family forms were largely removed and the variety of family forms were confirmed. The fluidity of families and households, partly fuelled by a long history of different forms of migration, is not only prominent in South Africa, but in many parts of the African continent (Kumswa, Agboola, and Kang’Ethe 2022; Hall and Posel 2019; Oucho, Gelderblom, and Van Zyl 2006; Rugunanan and Xulu-Gama 2022; Spiegel 1996). Special issues on specific elements of families help us to focus attention on recent research on the African continent. Rabe & Naidoo (2015) edited a special issue on Families in South Africa in the South African Review of Sociologywhere they stated that there is a huge interest in family issues. The editorial for this 2015 issue is the most read article of SARS, with 7094 views (as noted on 30 January 2023), which supports this view that family matters is an ongoing interest. In the current special issue, we wanted to expand on this 2015 issue by not only collating submissions from South Africa, but also invite scholars from other African cou
像“非洲的家庭”这样的短语会让人联想到各种各样的画面。事实上，ׅ“家庭”这个词本身可以被视为难以捉摸，尽管它对我们所有人来说都是如此熟悉。个人对家庭有特殊的经历，他们常常认为这些经历是独一无二的，这可能会导致对家庭一般定义的抵制日益增加。过去，对家庭的广义定义被认为过于严格，有时会将某些家庭形式和动态排除在外，或将某些家庭形式视为“理想”。非洲的家庭有时很容易被归类为大型扩展网络，家庭成员相互支持，或者“处于危机”中，未能发挥相关作用，例如使儿童社会化和照顾社会弱势成员。后一种观点源于一种缺陷范式，在这种范式中，家庭被归咎于社会中的消极因素，例如野蛮的暴力行为和困难。Mokomane(2013)是警告我们不要过于简单地理解家庭的作者之一，因为家庭生活在复杂的环境中。本期特刊的文章继续强调和解释非洲特定背景下的这些复杂性。在南非，第一份家庭白皮书于2012年出版(DSD 2012)，尽管该定义相当包容，但白皮书的其他方面受到了活动家和学者的严厉批评(见Rabe 2017)。在这份白皮书的首次出版中，尽管承认家庭形式的多样性，但对异性恋核心家庭的道德基调和理想化却难以理解。经过多次磋商，白皮书的更新版本于2022年初发布(DSD 2022)。虽然修订后的白皮书对家庭的定义没有改变，但基本的道德情感和对特定家庭形式的明确偏好在很大程度上被删除，家庭形式的多样性得到了确认。家庭和家庭的流动性不仅在南非突出，而且在非洲大陆的许多地方(Kumswa、Agboola和Kang 'Ethe 2022;Hall and Posel 2019;Oucho, Gelderblom, and Van Zyl 2006;Rugunanan和Xulu-Gama 2022;明镜周刊1996)。关于家庭的具体因素的特别问题帮助我们集中注意最近对非洲大陆的研究。Rabe & Naidoo(2015)在《南非社会学评论》上编辑了一期关于南非家庭的特刊，他们在其中表示，人们对家庭问题非常感兴趣。2015年这期的社论是阅读最多的关于SARS的文章，有7094条评论(如2023年1月30日所述)，这支持了家庭问题是一个持续关注的观点。在本期特刊中，我们希望在2015年这期的基础上进行扩展，不仅要整理来自南非的投稿，还要邀请来自其他非洲国家的学者，为更好地理解非洲大陆上不同形式的代际支持做出贡献。因此，我们高兴地报告，本期载有来自南非、津巴布韦和尼日利亚的文章。所有的文章都是基于定性研究，通过深入的讨论来帮助我们理解家庭的中介作用
{"title":"Families in Africa: Economic Hardships and Intergenerational Support","authors":"M. Rabe, S. Kumswa","doi":"10.1080/21528586.2023.2180428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21528586.2023.2180428","url":null,"abstract":"A phrase such as “Families in Africa” conjures up varied images. In fact, the term ׅ“families” in itself can be seen as elusive, even though it is so familiar to all of us. Individuals have specific experiences of families that they often regard as unique, and this may lead to increasing resistance against general definitions of families. Generalised definitions of families have been seen as too restrictive in the past, sometimes side-lining certain family forms and dynamics or regarding some family forms as “ideal”. Families in Africa are sometimes easily classified as either large extended networks, where family members support each other, or “in crisis” and failing in pertinent roles, such as socialising children and taking care of vulnerable members of society. This latter perspective stems from a deficit paradigm where families are blamed for negative elements in society, such as brutal acts of violence and hardship. Mokomane (2013) is one of the authors who caution us against such a simplistic understanding of families as families live in complicated environments. The articles in this Special Issue, continues to highlight and explain these complexities within specific African contexts. In South Africa, the first White Paper of Families was published in 2012 (DSD 2012) and although the definition was fairly inclusive, other aspects of the White Paper were severely criticised by both activists and academics (see Rabe 2017). In this first publication of the White Paper, the moralistic tone and idealisation of heterosexual nuclear families with assumed access to resources, despite acknowledging the wide variety of family forms, was difficult to fathom. After much consultation, an updated version of the White Paper was published early in 2022 (DSD 2022). Although the definition of families did not change in the revised White Paper, the underlying moral sentiments and explicit preferences for particular family forms were largely removed and the variety of family forms were confirmed. The fluidity of families and households, partly fuelled by a long history of different forms of migration, is not only prominent in South Africa, but in many parts of the African continent (Kumswa, Agboola, and Kang’Ethe 2022; Hall and Posel 2019; Oucho, Gelderblom, and Van Zyl 2006; Rugunanan and Xulu-Gama 2022; Spiegel 1996). Special issues on specific elements of families help us to focus attention on recent research on the African continent. Rabe & Naidoo (2015) edited a special issue on Families in South Africa in the South African Review of Sociologywhere they stated that there is a huge interest in family issues. The editorial for this 2015 issue is the most read article of SARS, with 7094 views (as noted on 30 January 2023), which supports this view that family matters is an ongoing interest. In the current special issue, we wanted to expand on this 2015 issue by not only collating submissions from South Africa, but also invite scholars from other African cou","PeriodicalId":44730,"journal":{"name":"South African Review of Sociology","volume":"150 1","pages":"1 - 4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76409662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-03DOI: 10.1080/21528586.2023.2172607
P. Rugunanan, Celine Meyers
ABSTRACT This article investigates the transnational family practices among Zimbabwean migrant women living in South Africa. The study draws on polymedia theory to examine two sets of research on Zimbabwean women in South Africa. The first set of research results, conducted in 2011, using in-depth interviews with 10 Zimbabwean refugee mothers living in Hillbrow, looks at transnational family practices and discusses intergenerational support from adult children to elderly parents and between grandparents and grandchildren. Building on this, the second set of research results on 10 Zimbabwean women living in South Africa examines how platforms such as WhatsApp, Mukuru and Malachia are key to experiencing a sense of intimacy and virtual care, particularly among Zimbabwean transnational families. As mobile phones increasingly evolve, there is a continuous need for up-to-date research on contemporary transnational family practices, and comparing these two data sets, over a 10-year period, shows how transnational care practices evolve over time. The findings reveal several examples of care practices toward their children, siblings and elderly parents who remained in Zimbabwe and to maintain a sense of togetherness. Findings indicate that transnational family practices are not free from challenges and issues such as Internet access, connectivity and affordability, which remain core issues for both the migrant women in South Africa as well as the families left behind in Zimbabwe. This article contributes to international literature about women migrants from countries of the South and for the African continent about intergenerational relationships and care practices in transnational families.
{"title":"Transnational Family Practices and Use of Polymedia Methods for Inter-Family Communication among Zimbabwean Women Migrants in South Africa","authors":"P. Rugunanan, Celine Meyers","doi":"10.1080/21528586.2023.2172607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21528586.2023.2172607","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article investigates the transnational family practices among Zimbabwean migrant women living in South Africa. The study draws on polymedia theory to examine two sets of research on Zimbabwean women in South Africa. The first set of research results, conducted in 2011, using in-depth interviews with 10 Zimbabwean refugee mothers living in Hillbrow, looks at transnational family practices and discusses intergenerational support from adult children to elderly parents and between grandparents and grandchildren. Building on this, the second set of research results on 10 Zimbabwean women living in South Africa examines how platforms such as WhatsApp, Mukuru and Malachia are key to experiencing a sense of intimacy and virtual care, particularly among Zimbabwean transnational families. As mobile phones increasingly evolve, there is a continuous need for up-to-date research on contemporary transnational family practices, and comparing these two data sets, over a 10-year period, shows how transnational care practices evolve over time. The findings reveal several examples of care practices toward their children, siblings and elderly parents who remained in Zimbabwe and to maintain a sense of togetherness. Findings indicate that transnational family practices are not free from challenges and issues such as Internet access, connectivity and affordability, which remain core issues for both the migrant women in South Africa as well as the families left behind in Zimbabwe. This article contributes to international literature about women migrants from countries of the South and for the African continent about intergenerational relationships and care practices in transnational families.","PeriodicalId":44730,"journal":{"name":"South African Review of Sociology","volume":"21 1","pages":"72 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78542594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.1080/21528586.2022.2141852
A. Salawu
{"title":"Indigenous Knowledge Systems in the 21st Century: Recognising and Harnessing their worth","authors":"A. Salawu","doi":"10.1080/21528586.2022.2141852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21528586.2022.2141852","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44730,"journal":{"name":"South African Review of Sociology","volume":"11 5-6 1","pages":"101 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81834236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.1080/21528586.2022.2169506
David O. Cooper
We are pleased to report that during our South African Sociological Association (SASA) annual conference this July at the Sol Plaatje University, Kimberley, the AGM of association members, followed by a meeting of the SASA Council, approved two newmembers of our Editorial Collective. We are now joined since August by Dr Asanda Benya (Sociology, University of Cape Town) and Dr Mosa Phadi (Sociology, University of Free State), thus making up our new five-member editorial group. We are also happy to report that collectively this year, we have succeeded in completely removing the backlog of articles we faced when our new Collective took over in May 2021 after the “COVID-19 academic crisis” (at the time we faced a backlog of over 50 articles with, moreover, some reluctance of academic reviewers to undertake reviewing). As a reflection of our current positive situation for the SARS journal, this issue 52(3) of 2022 provides a set of extremely valuable and high-quality articles (to be followed at the beginning of 2023 with 52(4), a Special Issue on “Families in Africa”). We are positive too about the fact that nearly half the articles in this current issue are by authors about issues outside of South Africa, thus helping to achieve one of our goals: a sociological and social science journal which provides insights into social questions not only of South Africa, but also the continent of Africa as a whole (and in future years we hope to attract more articles from other countries of the South too). Of the three articles focusing on South Africa, the one by Jantjie Xaba as a case study of the county’s parastatal steel corporation, Iscor, before and after 1994, is particularly relevant—not least indirectly for current debates about our electricity parastatal, Eskom. Xaba highlights how with the growth of Iscor after World War II, the role of Afrikaner Economic Empowerment (AEE) played a crucial role: not only were “poor white workers” provided jobs within Iscor, but they were (alongside all white employees within Iscor) culturally encouraged to join the Iscor-based social club and allied churches established in the new town there. Essentially, as Xaba says in his abstract, “My doctoral study found there was a strong connection and positive relationship [within Iscor] between the [Apartheid] state, [white] business and [white] CSOs [Civil Society Organisations] under Afrikaner Economic Empowerment...”. This all provided an economic–political–cultural (white–Apartheid) framework for a “functioning” Iscor national steel corporation. Equally important, after 1994 under the new ANC democratic government, this Afrikaner-led framework shaping the “old” Iscor essentially dissolved; but crucially, he argues, this has not been replaced by a new and viable, similar “democratic-non-racial” or even Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) framework. We suggest that this has relevance also with regard to current national debates about Eskom electricity-based problems? Next is Mo
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Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.1080/21528586.2022.2099458
J. Xaba
ABSTRACT Iscor Vanderbijlpark, now ArcelorMittal South Africa (AMSA), is a former state-owned enterprise that was used by the Afrikaner nationalists to advance the political, economic and social interests of poor white Afrikaners. However, since 1994, there has been wide debate about why black empowerment has not happened under post-apartheid South Africa. This article compares the role of various types of social capital in the empowerment of poor whites during apartheid and black people under post-apartheid. The perceived relationship was measured by various networks, trust and the relationship between family members, neighbours and colleagues, as well as with governmental, private sector and civil society organisations (CSOs). The sample of 26 participants, comprising former and current employees of Iscor/AMSA, trade union representatives and members of the community, were assembled using purposive random sampling for the study. My doctoral study found that there was a strong connection and positive relationship between the state, business and CSOs under Afrikaner Economic Empowerment (AEE), and that social capital played a role of bonding and linking communities while under Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) the connection between the state and CSOs was weak and social capital did not contribute to empowerment. This paper attempts to address the current gap in the post-apartheid BEE literature—that is, the role of networks and CSOs in BEE.
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