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Navigating Entry and Survival in the City: A Relational Comparison of Migrant Workers and University Students in the City of Durban 城市进入与生存:德班农民工与大学生的关系比较
IF 0.8 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/21528586.2022.2051598
N. Xulu-Gama, Aisha Lorgat
ABSTRACT Worker hostels and student residences are an important point of entry for many poor rural–urban migrants into the city of Durban. This paper brings together and reports on the findings of research conducted in two separate studies, one with hostels (KwaMashu and Thokoza) and the other at the student residences of Durban University of Technology. Hostels and institutions of higher education in KwaZulu-Natal are used as vantage points through which we understand some of the key connections, interconnections, disconnections and reconnections that are taking place in contemporary housing in South African cities. The concept of a bed-space is key for both migrants and students and informs the analysis undertaken in this paper. We also highlight the importance of the lived experiences of migrants (both students and workers) and all the connotations embedded therein.
工人宿舍和学生宿舍是许多贫困的农村-城市移民进入德班市的重要入口。本文汇集并报告了两项独立研究的研究结果,一项是在旅馆(KwaMashu和Thokoza)进行的,另一项是在德班科技大学的学生宿舍进行的。夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省的青年旅馆和高等教育机构是我们了解南非城市当代住房中发生的一些关键联系、相互联系、断开和重新连接的有利地点。床空间的概念对移民和学生来说都是关键,并在本文中进行了分析。我们还强调移民(包括学生和工人)的生活经历及其隐含的所有内涵的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
A Courtly Dance: Reflexivity and Reputational Sensitivity in Research with Well-Established Non-Profit Organisations 宫廷舞蹈:对成熟的非营利组织的研究中的反身性和声誉敏感性
IF 0.8 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/21528586.2022.2068158
Erna Louisa Prinsloo, Jacques P. de Wet
ABSTRACT Interactive research with large non-profit organisations holds the promise of deepening scholarship, benefitting the research enterprise, and improving service delivery to vulnerable groups. Research implementation can be finessed from start to completion by not being tone-deaf to the reputational sensitivities of well-established non-profit organisations and by being reflective about how the researcher contributes to the research process. Reflexivity and sensitivity contribute to mutual trust, keep the research process flowing, and energise the building of constructive research relationships. In this article, we reflect on the lessons learned by working with two cancer organisations, one of their flagship programmes, and a cross-section of their members. We discuss the conundrums of doing this type of research, highlight the continuous process of managing access as the study progresses, and offer practical ways of overcoming some of the challenges encountered.
与大型非营利组织的互动研究有望深化学术研究,使研究企业受益,并改善向弱势群体提供的服务。研究的实施可以从开始到完成,不要对成熟的非营利组织的声誉敏感性充耳不闻,并反思研究人员如何为研究过程做出贡献。反身性和敏感性有助于相互信任,保持研究过程的流畅,并促进建设性研究关系的建立。在这篇文章中,我们反思了与两个癌症组织合作的经验教训,其中一个是他们的旗舰项目,以及他们的部分成员。我们讨论了做这类研究的难题,强调了随着研究进展管理访问的持续过程,并提供了克服所遇到的一些挑战的实用方法。
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引用次数: 0
“The Boy Has to Be a Man in Order for Life to Start”: AmaXhosa, Black Boyhood Studies, and the Anthropology of Boyhoods “为了生命的开始,男孩必须成为一个男人”:AmaXhosa,黑人童年研究和童年人类学
IF 0.8 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/21528586.2022.2067592
Gcobani Qambela
ABSTRACT Contemporary and historically focused social science studies of amaXhosa (Xhosa) men have focused predominantly on Xhosa men attaining manhood through ritualised initiation (ulwaluko) and heterosexual homemaking (ukwakha umzi). These studies have left critical knowledge gaps of the pre-initiation lives of Xhosa men throughout the lifecycle, along with processes of socialisation. Based on ethnographic fieldwork spanning over a year (2013–2014) conducted in rural and peri-urban Peddie in the Eastern Cape, my ethnography shows the necessity of examining the formation of Xhosa masculinities prior to ulwaluko. My research illustrates the importance of boyhood kwaXhosa. I argue that Xhosa masculinities are viable long before initiation and that it is not in manhood that “life” starts for men as one of my research interlocutors, Mthuthu, alluded. My ethnography necessarily challenges recent theorisations and conceptualisations of Xhosa masculinities as well as older canonical writings as far as they place primacy on the initiated Xhosa male phallus in the attainment of masculinity. I argue for scholarly consideration of the nuances and complexities of being a boy. Although there is a developing corpus of work from Black Boyhood studies, I note the limitations of this field especially for its rootedness in the North American Black boyhood experiences that do not have the cultural context of ulwaluko. Ultimately, I argue for an Anthropology of Boyhoods. Through concentrated effort on boyhood, in the study of masculinities, ultimately we can attain more contextual, varied and multifaceted experiences of how men experience masculinity across the life course.
当代和历史上对科萨男性的社会科学研究主要集中在科萨男性通过仪式化入会(ulwaluko)和异性恋家政(ukwakha umzi)获得成年。这些研究留下了科萨人在整个生命周期和社会化过程中开始前生活的关键知识空白。根据在东开普省佩迪农村和城郊进行的为期一年(2013-2014年)的民族志田野调查,我的民族志显示了在乌瓦鲁科之前研究科萨男子气概形成的必要性。我的研究说明了童年夸科萨语的重要性。我认为科萨人的男子气概早在启蒙之前就存在了,正如我的一位研究对话者Mthuthu所暗示的那样,男性的“生命”并不是在成年期开始的。我的人种学必然会挑战科萨人男性气质的最新理论和概念化,以及更早的权威著作,因为它们将科萨人男性阴茎的初始化置于男性气质获得的首要地位。我主张学术地考虑作为一个男孩的细微差别和复杂性。尽管黑人少年时代的研究工作正在不断发展,但我注意到这一领域的局限性,特别是因为它植根于北美黑人少年时代的经历,没有乌尔瓦鲁科的文化背景。最后,我主张写一本关于少年时代的人类学。通过集中精力研究少年时代的男子气概,最终我们可以获得更多的背景、多样化和多方面的经验,了解男性在整个生命过程中如何体验男子气概。
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引用次数: 2
Decolonizing sociology. An introduction 他们社会学。介绍
IF 0.8 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/21528586.2022.2032316
Christopher G. Thomas
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引用次数: 0
Race, Power, and Philanthropy: Exploring the Role of Race in Non-governmental Socioeconomic Interventions: Insights from Makhanda, South Africa 种族、权力和慈善:探索种族在非政府社会经济干预中的作用:来自南非Makhanda的见解
IF 0.8 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/21528586.2021.2019610
S. Nomsenge
ABSTRACT Non-governmental socioeconomic intervention exists within a framework and history of racialised proximity to power and privilege. The arrangements of race and power in and beyond the sector along with the inequitable distribution of material and nonmaterial resources have therefore been used to affirm the sector’s affinity to colonial relations of exploitation and racism. This paper recounts the genealogy of this affinity and outlines the ways in which current arrangements of poverty, power and non-state mediation interpolate with the historical arrangements of race and power through non-state interventions. Data collected with non-governmental organisations (NGOs) working in Makhanda in South Africa’s Eastern Cape Province inform the proposition that race and power remain central features of socioeconomic intervention in part, through organisational structures, traditions of engagement with communities, dominant explications of poverty and depictions of “the poor”. The paper concludes that the world and work of NGOs—despite dominant assertions of its independence and neutrality—is inextricably bound to its historical and sociopolitical context and is thus a site wherein race and power are not only present but at play.
非政府社会经济干预存在于权力和特权的种族化接近的框架和历史中。因此,该部门内外的种族和权力安排以及物质和非物质资源的不公平分配被用来确认该部门与剥削和种族主义的殖民关系的密切关系。本文叙述了这种亲缘关系的谱系,并概述了当前贫困、权力和非国家调解的安排如何通过非国家干预来插入种族和权力的历史安排。在南非东开普省Makhanda工作的非政府组织(ngo)收集的数据表明,种族和权力仍然是社会经济干预的核心特征,这在一定程度上是通过组织结构、与社区接触的传统、对贫困的主要解释和对“穷人”的描述来实现的。本文的结论是,非政府组织的世界和工作——尽管其独立性和中立性的主张占主导地位——与它的历史和社会政治背景密不可分,因此是一个种族和权力不仅存在而且在发挥作用的场所。
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引用次数: 0
Better, Faster, Stronger: Using Machine Learning to Analyse South African Police-recorded Protest Data 更好,更快,更强:使用机器学习分析南非警方记录的抗议数据
IF 0.8 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/21528586.2021.1982762
M. Bekker
ABSTRACT A long-important tool for quantitative analysis of protests, the potential power of Protest Event Analysis (PEA) has only increased with the rise of Machine Learning technologies and the ubiquity of big data. PEA coders also present an advantage over contemporary Natural Language Programming innovations by being customisable to incorporate locally appropriate terms and vernaculars, expressed as personalised ontologies. As such, there is a need to develop a standard process for deploying machine learning tools that can draw on the local. This paper introduces such a tool, innovating the numeration of abstract indicators. “Machine Learning Protest Event Analysis Keyword Enumerated Recoding” is a protocol that enables PEA coders to read and classify large “event databases”, incorporating local terms and abstract indicators into the analysis. Applying this protocol to 150,000 records in a police-recorded database of crowd events in South Africa, protest events could be individually rated by levels of “tumult”—a feat hitherto inhibited by conventional PEA methods. Innovations in estimating crowd sizes, as well as an updated view of post-apartheid protest, showing that protests tend to be more common but less prone to violence than previous theories concluded, speaks to the potential for this protocol to unearth novel insights on even bigger data sets.
作为长期以来重要的抗议定量分析工具,随着机器学习技术的兴起和大数据的无处不在,抗议事件分析(PEA)的潜在力量只会增加。与当代自然语言编程创新相比,PEA编码器还具有一个优势,即可定制,以个性化本体的形式表达本地适当的术语和方言。因此,有必要开发一个标准流程来部署可以利用本地资源的机器学习工具。本文介绍了这样一个工具,创新了抽象指标的计算方法。“机器学习抗议事件分析关键字枚举重编码”是一种协议,它使PEA编码器能够读取和分类大型“事件数据库”,并将局部术语和抽象指标纳入分析。将这一协议应用到南非警方记录的人群事件数据库中的15万份记录中,抗议事件可以按照“骚乱”的程度进行单独评级——这是迄今为止传统PEA方法所无法做到的。估计人群规模的创新,以及对后种族隔离抗议的更新看法,表明抗议活动往往比以前的理论结论更常见,但更不容易发生暴力,说明该协议有可能在更大的数据集上挖掘出新的见解。
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引用次数: 2
Polygyny and Gender: The Gendered Narratives of Adults Raised in Polygynous Families 一夫多妻制与性别:在一夫多妻制家庭中长大的成年人的性别叙事
IF 0.8 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/21528586.2022.2038452
N. Xulu-Gama
Polygyny and Gender is a book that interrogates the potential impact and in fl uences that growing up in polygynous family relations have on the lives of participants who are now adults. The key question that the book seeks to answer is: how does a polygynous family upbringing shape perceptions of gender identity and gender relations? The research further intends to fi nd out the broader family dynamics regarding the relationships with the key players in a polygynous family, which are the husbands, wives and children. This book has been adapted from a PhD research dissertation that was done with the University of KwaZulu Natal. an and timely to after a of
《一夫多妻制与性别》一书探讨了在一夫多妻制家庭中成长对成年参与者生活的潜在影响和影响。这本书试图回答的关键问题是:一夫多妻制的家庭教育是如何塑造人们对性别认同和性别关系的看法的?该研究进一步旨在找出与一夫多妻制家庭中关键角色(即丈夫、妻子和孩子)的关系有关的更广泛的家庭动态。这本书改编自夸祖鲁-纳塔尔大学的一篇博士研究论文。一次又一次及时的去追一次
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引用次数: 0
Co-developing Local Feminist “Conceptual Vocabularies” While Strengthening Activism Through Critical Consciousness Raising with South Africa’s Mine and Farm Women 与南非矿场和农场妇女共同开发当地女权主义“概念词汇”,通过批判意识的提升加强行动主义
IF 0.8 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/21528586.2021.2024087
Asanda-Jonas Benya, Sithandiwe Yeni
ABSTRACT This article is a reflection on five feminist schools, popular education platforms, convened between 2017 and 2019 with two women’s groups organising in the platinum mines in Marikana, North West and commercial farms in uMgungundlovu in Kwa Zulu-Natal in South Africa. The first part of the article looks at the background to the feminist schools and reflects on the composition of the groups, the self-selection of participants who attended the feminist schools, the co-development of a flexible curriculum and the non-hierachical dialogical learning methodology employed. The second part hones in on the use of local languages and how they enriched our conversations and encouraged full participation. Here we also highlight some of the translation challenges we experienced when dialoguing and drawing from concepts central in feminist theory, analysis and critique, e.g. patriarchy, power, gender. To resolve the challenges, direct translations did not work; we thus used multiple local concepts, and layered these with local expressions that the women felt were close proximates. We argue in this paper that to strengthen activist movements there is a need to think through our “pedagogy of mobilisation” and to co-develop local feminist registers and grammars and “conceptual vocabularies”. We thus make a case for the development and refinement of indigenous feminist theories/concepts that are locally grounded but outward-looking, drawing from and in conversation with local languages, realities and activists. We hope this paper adds to debates on feminist popular education and pedagogical questions in feminist activism.
本文是对五所女权主义学校的反思,流行的教育平台,在2017年至2019年期间,由两个妇女团体在南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省北部马里卡纳的铂矿和uMgungundlovu的商业农场组织。文章的第一部分考察了女权主义学校的背景,并反思了团体的组成、参加女权主义学校的参与者的自我选择、灵活课程的共同开发以及所采用的非分层对话学习方法。第二部分着重于当地语言的使用,以及它们如何丰富我们的对话并鼓励充分参与。在这里,我们还强调了我们在对话和借鉴女性主义理论、分析和批评的核心概念时遇到的一些翻译挑战,例如父权制、权力、性别。为了解决这些挑战,直接翻译行不通;因此,我们使用了多个本地概念,并将这些概念与女性认为接近的本地表达进行分层。我们在本文中认为,为了加强激进主义运动,有必要通过我们的“动员教学法”来思考,并共同发展当地的女权主义登记册、语法和“概念词汇”。因此,我们提出一个发展和完善本土女权主义理论/概念的案例,这些理论/概念立足于当地,但向外看,从当地语言、现实和活动家中汲取并与之对话。我们希望本文能对女权主义大众教育和女权主义运动中的教学问题的讨论有所助益。
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引用次数: 1
What Is a Woman? A Decolonial African Feminist Analysis of Womanhoods in Lesotho 什么是女人?非殖民化的非洲女性主义对莱索托女性的分析
IF 0.8 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/21528586.2021.2015716
N. Mohlabane, M. Tshoaedi
ABSTRACT Feminists across a variety of contexts have written extensively about womanhood. Recently the question of difference—to account for the cultural, ethnic and racial diversity among women themselves—has become a highly contested issue in feminist theories. Tensions have ensued where “western feminisms” have been criticised for bias that is embedded in the objectification of “different” women regarded as “other” as “traditional” and therefore inferior. Several African feminists have also questioned “western” concepts such as gender and their relevance to the African context. Womanhood—a set of socially defined attributes appropriate for women—holds different meanings depending on the context in which it is defined. Drawing on decolonial African feminist approaches, this qualitative study aimed to understand the meaning of “womanhood” from the perspectives of never-married women (methepa) in Lesotho, where womanhood is defined in terms of marriage. In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 methepa from various contexts in Lesotho. As opposed to the “traditional” definition that accounts for a single attribute—woman as “wife”—methepa defined “womanhood” in different ways. By foregrounding respectability, sexual empowerment, mothering and personhood, these women deconstructed binarised gendered categories. This paper builds on the indigenous and also draws from the indigenous for knowledge production. In so doing, it deconstructs metanarratives and reconfigures knowledges around women’s sexualities, agency and “womanhoods” in Lesotho, as a contribution to pluriversal knowledge production.
女权主义者在各种背景下都写了大量关于女性的文章。最近,差异问题——解释女性自身的文化、民族和种族多样性——已经成为女权主义理论中一个备受争议的问题。紧张局势随之而来,“西方女权主义者”被批评为偏见,这种偏见根植于将“不同”女性物化,将其视为“他者”、“传统”、因此低人一等。一些非洲女权主义者也质疑“西方”概念,如性别及其与非洲环境的相关性。女性身份——一组适合女性的社会定义的属性——根据其定义的上下文具有不同的含义。利用非殖民化的非洲女权主义方法,这项定性研究旨在从莱索托从未结婚的妇女(methepa)的角度理解“女性”的含义,在莱索托,女性是根据婚姻来定义的。对来自莱索托不同背景的20名吸毒者进行了深入访谈。与“传统”定义的单一属性——女人是“妻子”——相反,美西帕以不同的方式定义了“女性”。通过强调体面、性赋权、母性和人格,这些女性解构了二元性别分类。本文以本土为基础,借鉴本土知识生产。在这样做的过程中,它解构了元叙事,并重新配置了莱索托妇女性行为、能动性和“女性”的知识,作为对多元知识生产的贡献。
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引用次数: 2
Hegemonic Masculinity and Male Powerlessness: A Reflection on African Men’s Experiences of Intimate Partner Violence 霸权男性气质与男性无力感:非洲男性亲密伴侣暴力经历的反思
IF 0.8 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI: 10.1080/21528586.2021.2010240
Emmanuel Rowlands
ABSTRACT Despite popular assumptions of male power, there are circumstances where the power of men is not decisive or even evident. One such instance is in intimate relationships with women. While a huge literature testifies to the violence of men in these relationships, a less-developed strand of study shows that men can be on the receiving end of violence. There is, therefore, a paradox—of male power (described in the literature and captured in concepts such as Connell’s hegemonic masculinity) that is universal and results in the subordination of women; and of male powerlessness. The latter condition is seldom the focus of research work. This article investigates men who are the recipients of violence while in intimate relationships with women and explores the implications of this violence for conceptualisations of masculinity.
尽管人们普遍认为男性拥有权力,但在某些情况下,男性的权力并非决定性的,甚至不是显而易见的。其中一个例子就是与女性的亲密关系。虽然大量的文献证明了男性在这些关系中的暴力行为,但一项不太发达的研究表明,男性可能是暴力的接受方。因此,存在一种男性权力的悖论(在文学作品中有描述,在康奈尔的男性霸权主义等概念中也有体现),这种权力是普遍存在的,导致女性处于从属地位;以及男性的无能为力。后一种情况很少成为研究工作的重点。本文调查了在与女性亲密关系中遭受暴力的男性,并探讨了这种暴力对男性气质概念化的影响。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
South African Review of Sociology
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