Pub Date : 2022-05-15DOI: 10.1177/15385132221095040
J. McNeill
This book offers a thorough and compelling analysis of the significance of the notion of fetishism for Marxist Political Economy. In contrast to Dobb’s (1979: 11) argument that the theories of fetishism and alienation belong to the Marxist theory of ideology, McNeill argues that they are sine qua non parts of the qualitative aspect of Marx’s Labour Theory of Value (LTV). This is a correct claim that the author proves convincingly, even though McNeill tends to downplay the quantitative aspect by stating that this was of no concern to Marx. Marxist Political Economy engages with both dimensions. The broader framework within which the author conducts his analysis is the accurate thesis that the Marxist perspective remains relevant in the 21st century. The current crises and turmoil of the capitalist economy, the blatant failure of mainstream economics and the subsequent revival of interest in Marxian Political Economy attest to this. The first part of the book examines the development of the notion of fetishism in Marx’s works, from an initial journalistic metaphor to a fully developed scientific concept. This analysis is extended in Part II where McNeill rigorously establishes the generic category of commodity fetishism and then its relationship to other forms of fetishism (money, capital and interest-bearing capital). He bolsters his exposition with a meticulous and accurate juxtaposition of Marx’s dialectical approach with that of Ricardo and Samuel Bailey (a critic of Ricardo and precursor of the Marginalist theory) regarding the nature of value. He accurately pinpoints Marx’s fundamental difference with both, namely his consideration of value as a social rather than a natural phenomenon. McNeill also juxtaposes Marx’s materialist dialectics with Hegel’s idealist dialectics. These two parts constitute the backbone of the book and offer original contributions to Marxist Political Economy. Part III goes into slippery grounds, as McNeill argues that value would be better understood through linguistics and reflects on the advantages and disadvantages of structuralist Marxism by considering the works of Althusser (whom he characterizes as a not serious structuralist), Levi-Strauss (a non-Marxist structuralist) and Godelier (a promising synthesizer of both of them). McNeill argues that Structuralism, despite its limitations, presents advantages for a social understanding of value and for conceiving of commodity as a sign. Competition & Change
{"title":"Book Review: A Mighty Capital under Threat: The Environmental History of London","authors":"J. McNeill","doi":"10.1177/15385132221095040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132221095040","url":null,"abstract":"This book offers a thorough and compelling analysis of the significance of the notion of fetishism for Marxist Political Economy. In contrast to Dobb’s (1979: 11) argument that the theories of fetishism and alienation belong to the Marxist theory of ideology, McNeill argues that they are sine qua non parts of the qualitative aspect of Marx’s Labour Theory of Value (LTV). This is a correct claim that the author proves convincingly, even though McNeill tends to downplay the quantitative aspect by stating that this was of no concern to Marx. Marxist Political Economy engages with both dimensions. The broader framework within which the author conducts his analysis is the accurate thesis that the Marxist perspective remains relevant in the 21st century. The current crises and turmoil of the capitalist economy, the blatant failure of mainstream economics and the subsequent revival of interest in Marxian Political Economy attest to this. The first part of the book examines the development of the notion of fetishism in Marx’s works, from an initial journalistic metaphor to a fully developed scientific concept. This analysis is extended in Part II where McNeill rigorously establishes the generic category of commodity fetishism and then its relationship to other forms of fetishism (money, capital and interest-bearing capital). He bolsters his exposition with a meticulous and accurate juxtaposition of Marx’s dialectical approach with that of Ricardo and Samuel Bailey (a critic of Ricardo and precursor of the Marginalist theory) regarding the nature of value. He accurately pinpoints Marx’s fundamental difference with both, namely his consideration of value as a social rather than a natural phenomenon. McNeill also juxtaposes Marx’s materialist dialectics with Hegel’s idealist dialectics. These two parts constitute the backbone of the book and offer original contributions to Marxist Political Economy. Part III goes into slippery grounds, as McNeill argues that value would be better understood through linguistics and reflects on the advantages and disadvantages of structuralist Marxism by considering the works of Althusser (whom he characterizes as a not serious structuralist), Levi-Strauss (a non-Marxist structuralist) and Godelier (a promising synthesizer of both of them). McNeill argues that Structuralism, despite its limitations, presents advantages for a social understanding of value and for conceiving of commodity as a sign. Competition & Change","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"22 1","pages":"267 - 269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46051272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-12DOI: 10.1177/15385132221081766
D. Ramaswamy
The essay traces the trajectory of India’s first rural development program, the Etawah Pilot program from 1948, which became part of the country’s first five-year plans in 1951 with the support of the US government and the Ford Foundation. With a focus on the project’s two central actors, US architect-planner Albert Mayer and Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, the essay argues that the Etawah Pilot program was a modernizing experiment in citizen assimilation that became a trans-national model for postwar development aid with the international architect-planner as the traveling technocrat set to develop expertise for newly independent nations.
{"title":"Making a Self-Reliant Citizen: Technocracy, Rural Redevelopment and the Etawah Pilot","authors":"D. Ramaswamy","doi":"10.1177/15385132221081766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132221081766","url":null,"abstract":"The essay traces the trajectory of India’s first rural development program, the Etawah Pilot program from 1948, which became part of the country’s first five-year plans in 1951 with the support of the US government and the Ford Foundation. With a focus on the project’s two central actors, US architect-planner Albert Mayer and Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, the essay argues that the Etawah Pilot program was a modernizing experiment in citizen assimilation that became a trans-national model for postwar development aid with the international architect-planner as the traveling technocrat set to develop expertise for newly independent nations.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"22 1","pages":"68 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46756378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-03DOI: 10.1177/15385132221091489
Arijit Sen
{"title":"Book Review: How the Working-Class Home became Modern, 1900-1940","authors":"Arijit Sen","doi":"10.1177/15385132221091489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132221091489","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"40 11","pages":"177 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41303475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-02DOI: 10.1177/15385132221091495
Andrés F. Ramirez
{"title":"Book Review: Rethinking Placemaking in The City Creative","authors":"Andrés F. Ramirez","doi":"10.1177/15385132221091495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132221091495","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"22 1","pages":"270 - 272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42716039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-29DOI: 10.1177/15385132211067713
Kevan Klosterwill
Warren H. Manning developed a distinctive approach to civic horticulture that recurred throughout his career as a city planner, calling for educational plantings beyond limited educational gardens to encompass streets, neighborhoods, school and college campuses, and entire park systems. These plantings, supported by printed media, were resources for citizens to educate themselves, improve their own home grounds, and in turn participate in the improvement of the community’s civic landscape as a whole. Manning’s approach brought together village improvement, amateur naturalist societies, schoolyard gardening, and his own experience designing arboreta with the Olmsted firm.
沃伦·h·曼宁(Warren H. Manning)开发了一种独特的公民园艺方法，这种方法在他作为城市规划师的职业生涯中反复出现，他呼吁在有限的教育花园之外种植教育植物，将街道、社区、学校和大学校园以及整个公园系统都包括在内。这些种植在印刷媒体的支持下，是市民教育自己、改善自己家园的资源，反过来又参与改善整个社区的城市景观。曼宁的方法将乡村改善、业余博物学家协会、校园园艺和他自己在奥姆斯特德公司设计植物园的经验结合在一起。
{"title":"A Floral Nation: Warren H. Manning, Civic Horticulture, and the Didactic Cityscape","authors":"Kevan Klosterwill","doi":"10.1177/15385132211067713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132211067713","url":null,"abstract":"Warren H. Manning developed a distinctive approach to civic horticulture that recurred throughout his career as a city planner, calling for educational plantings beyond limited educational gardens to encompass streets, neighborhoods, school and college campuses, and entire park systems. These plantings, supported by printed media, were resources for citizens to educate themselves, improve their own home grounds, and in turn participate in the improvement of the community’s civic landscape as a whole. Manning’s approach brought together village improvement, amateur naturalist societies, schoolyard gardening, and his own experience designing arboreta with the Olmsted firm.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"22 1","pages":"275 - 293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42164491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-28DOI: 10.1177/15385132221082652
Evangeline R. Linkous
In 1985, Florida established a groundbreaking approach to growth management and intergovernmental relations, which the state’s 2011 Community Planning Act is widely described as ending. This paper ...
{"title":"The Dismantling of Growth Management in Florida?: The Consistency Mandate, Policy Change, and Institutional Realignment","authors":"Evangeline R. Linkous","doi":"10.1177/15385132221082652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132221082652","url":null,"abstract":"In 1985, Florida established a groundbreaking approach to growth management and intergovernmental relations, which the state’s 2011 Community Planning Act is widely described as ending. This paper ...","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138530345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-22DOI: 10.1177/15385132221084659
V. Dawson
In the 1960s, the suburbs of Cleveland Heights and Shaker Heights protested the routing of an Interstate highway through their historic park. Known as the Clark Freeway, I-290 was meant to connect downtown Cleveland with the newer suburbs located beyond the city’s outer beltway. Fearing irreparable damage to their communities, a group of garden club women and a committee of citizen activists brought pressure on county, state, and federal officials to delay route selection. However, only after Cleveland Mayor Carl Stokes joined the fight, did Governor James Rhodes summon the political will to cancel the highway.
{"title":"Saving the Shaker Lakes: How an Alliance between Two Wealthy Suburbs and Cleveland’s Black Mayor Stopped the Clark Freeway","authors":"V. Dawson","doi":"10.1177/15385132221084659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132221084659","url":null,"abstract":"In the 1960s, the suburbs of Cleveland Heights and Shaker Heights protested the routing of an Interstate highway through their historic park. Known as the Clark Freeway, I-290 was meant to connect downtown Cleveland with the newer suburbs located beyond the city’s outer beltway. Fearing irreparable damage to their communities, a group of garden club women and a committee of citizen activists brought pressure on county, state, and federal officials to delay route selection. However, only after Cleveland Mayor Carl Stokes joined the fight, did Governor James Rhodes summon the political will to cancel the highway.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"22 1","pages":"241 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41365791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-15DOI: 10.1177/15385132221085948
Belinda Yuen, J. Jacobs
In the first three decades of post-independence (1960–1990), Singapore underwent a radical housing transition into high-rise, high-density housing that required technical innovation to manage new scales and heights of household waste. Drawing on perspectives from urban political ecology, three questions are examined: What were the key challenges of household waste management policy and technology across this period? Who were the key actors and development partners? What was the environmental and social rationale for everyday waste management, and how did it change over time? We discern a pattern of innovation, which was driven by intersecting challenges around accessibility, affordability and adoption.
{"title":"Down the Vertical Refuse Chutes in Singapore High-rise Living","authors":"Belinda Yuen, J. Jacobs","doi":"10.1177/15385132221085948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132221085948","url":null,"abstract":"In the first three decades of post-independence (1960–1990), Singapore underwent a radical housing transition into high-rise, high-density housing that required technical innovation to manage new scales and heights of household waste. Drawing on perspectives from urban political ecology, three questions are examined: What were the key challenges of household waste management policy and technology across this period? Who were the key actors and development partners? What was the environmental and social rationale for everyday waste management, and how did it change over time? We discern a pattern of innovation, which was driven by intersecting challenges around accessibility, affordability and adoption.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"22 1","pages":"216 - 240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42124044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-25DOI: 10.1177/15385132221081531
Yvonne Elet
Frederick Law Olmsted and his sons were America’s foremost campus planners, whose multidisciplinary skill set and collaborative practices enabled them to envision and realize comprehensive plans for campuses, much as they did for their better-known parks and suburban communities. This article contributes a new campus case study to Olmsted firm history. There have long been unsubstantiated reports that F. L. Olmsted designed the bucolic Hudson Valley campus of Vassar College, although the source of Vassar’s early designs has remained unclear. Drawing on unpublished archival materials, this article traces three generations of the Olmsted firm at Vassar, revealing that it was John Charles Olmsted—whose important oeuvre remains to be fully distinguished—who fundamentally shaped Vassar’s central campus. This narrative elucidates the planning processes of this small, progressive woman’s college in its formative decades, and addresses the shifting role of the landscape architect in American campus design in the late nineteenth- and early twentieth centuries.
弗雷德里克·劳·奥姆斯特德（Frederick Law Olmsted）和他的儿子们是美国最重要的校园规划师，他们的多学科技能和合作实践使他们能够设想和实现校园的全面计划，就像他们为更知名的公园和郊区社区所做的那样。本文为奥姆斯特德公司历史提供了一个新的校园案例研究。长期以来，一直有未经证实的报道称F.L.Olmsted设计了瓦萨学院田园风格的哈德逊谷校区，尽管瓦萨早期设计的来源尚不清楚。这篇文章引用了未发表的档案材料，追溯了瓦萨奥姆斯特德公司的三代人，揭示了正是约翰·查尔斯·奥姆斯特德从根本上塑造了瓦萨的中心校园，他的重要作品仍有待充分区分。这篇叙述阐述了这所小型、进步的女子学院在其形成的几十年中的规划过程，并阐述了景观设计师在19世纪末和20世纪初美国校园设计中角色的转变。
{"title":"Échelon, Quincunx, Quadrangle: The Olmsted Firm and Campus Planning in the Early Decades of Vassar College","authors":"Yvonne Elet","doi":"10.1177/15385132221081531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132221081531","url":null,"abstract":"Frederick Law Olmsted and his sons were America’s foremost campus planners, whose multidisciplinary skill set and collaborative practices enabled them to envision and realize comprehensive plans for campuses, much as they did for their better-known parks and suburban communities. This article contributes a new campus case study to Olmsted firm history. There have long been unsubstantiated reports that F. L. Olmsted designed the bucolic Hudson Valley campus of Vassar College, although the source of Vassar’s early designs has remained unclear. Drawing on unpublished archival materials, this article traces three generations of the Olmsted firm at Vassar, revealing that it was John Charles Olmsted—whose important oeuvre remains to be fully distinguished—who fundamentally shaped Vassar’s central campus. This narrative elucidates the planning processes of this small, progressive woman’s college in its formative decades, and addresses the shifting role of the landscape architect in American campus design in the late nineteenth- and early twentieth centuries.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"22 1","pages":"187 - 215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42360179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-25DOI: 10.1177/15385132211073471
D. Gobel
The colonial town common of Savannah, Georgia, played a vital role in the city’s history. It enabled public surveyors in the late 18th and early 19th century to expand the celebrated urban plan of streets and public squares that had been initiated by the city’s founder, James Oglethorpe. Its fortuitous role as an expansion zone, however, does not appear to have been intended from start as some have supposed. Instead, Savannah’s town common, like others of its time, was an unscripted, liminal space serving multiple, undesignated functions. This paper investigates its intended and actual use and its gradual disappearance
{"title":"Planned Obsolescence? The Role of the Town Common in the Making of Savannah’s Urban Plan","authors":"D. Gobel","doi":"10.1177/15385132211073471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132211073471","url":null,"abstract":"The colonial town common of Savannah, Georgia, played a vital role in the city’s history. It enabled public surveyors in the late 18th and early 19th century to expand the celebrated urban plan of streets and public squares that had been initiated by the city’s founder, James Oglethorpe. Its fortuitous role as an expansion zone, however, does not appear to have been intended from start as some have supposed. Instead, Savannah’s town common, like others of its time, was an unscripted, liminal space serving multiple, undesignated functions. This paper investigates its intended and actual use and its gradual disappearance","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"22 1","pages":"141 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45860935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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