Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.1177/1538513219893356
Lauren Pearlman
Few studies of post–World War II, Washington, DC, focus on the development decisions local black officials made following the passage of limited home rule measures during the 1960s–1970s. This article uses the 1976 Bicentennial as a lens to study the divisions that urban development sowed locally while the city’s government was in transition. It focuses on one of the most deeply divisive projects contested during the Bicentennial, the construction of a convention center in Downtown DC, and argues that a new coalition of stakeholders used the Bicentennial to implement a prodevelopment agenda at the expense of the city’s black residents.
{"title":"The Bicentennial and the Battle over DC’s Downtown Redevelopment during the 1970s","authors":"Lauren Pearlman","doi":"10.1177/1538513219893356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513219893356","url":null,"abstract":"Few studies of post–World War II, Washington, DC, focus on the development decisions local black officials made following the passage of limited home rule measures during the 1960s–1970s. This article uses the 1976 Bicentennial as a lens to study the divisions that urban development sowed locally while the city’s government was in transition. It focuses on one of the most deeply divisive projects contested during the Bicentennial, the construction of a convention center in Downtown DC, and argues that a new coalition of stakeholders used the Bicentennial to implement a prodevelopment agenda at the expense of the city’s black residents.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"19 1","pages":"207 - 227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1538513219893356","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45889686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-05DOI: 10.1177/1538513220959663
Sophie Kelmenson
The development of wholesale markets fundamentally changed food provisioning in the United States. Because of this system, food today may travel around the world before it is eaten, requiring handling by untold numbers of workers and companies as well as technologies to safely store and transport it. Cities are tied up in the story of global food supply chains, as they are the endpoint for the majority of consumption. The transition to food provisioning via wholesale markets was a dramatic shift that is important for understanding food systems today, yet, with few exceptions, the new and growing subfield of food systems planning has not much examined its history. Movable Markets: Food Wholesaling in the Twentieth-Century City, by Helen Tangires, shrinks this gap by documenting the forms and spatial layouts of evolving wholesale markets across the United States over the course of the twentieth century. Tangires’ first book documented a proliferation of food retail stores in nineteenth-century cities as a result of deregulation. This sequel explores the rise of food wholesalers to supply these retail outlets. More specifically, the book investigates how, after food provisioning evolved into an activity that took up ample (and valuable) real estate, cities extricated wholesale markets from their downtowns and reconstructed them as invisible and peripheral to the city’s infrastructure. Tangires argues that the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) “was the ‘visible hand’ that guaranteed the movable feast” (p. 14) by setting the conditions and orchestrating resources in order to shift the wholesaling food system into developments designed from scratch for the modern era. To tell this story, Tangires focuses on the role that the USDA played in the fight over the future of the urban wholesale market. The depth of research is extensive and often includes fascinating images and illustrations of USDA’s work. Tangires characterizes the development of food wholesale provisioning in terms of three eras, which also make up the three parts of the book. Each chapter provides examples from various cities, with the arcs of New York, Philadelphia, Chicago, and Baltimore wholesale markets described in bits and pieces throughout. A wide range of terms are used to refer to actors in the wholesale sector, reflecting the diversity of people involved in the industry and the dramatic shifts it underwent. The terms are primarily undefined, in part, because they were inconsistently used historically and because they evolved over time. Nonetheless, it can add confusion. The story primarily features white men, and Tangires notes their xenophobic Journal of Planning History
{"title":"The Long Way from Farm to Table: The Evolution of the United States’ Wholesale Food Business","authors":"Sophie Kelmenson","doi":"10.1177/1538513220959663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513220959663","url":null,"abstract":"The development of wholesale markets fundamentally changed food provisioning in the United States. Because of this system, food today may travel around the world before it is eaten, requiring handling by untold numbers of workers and companies as well as technologies to safely store and transport it. Cities are tied up in the story of global food supply chains, as they are the endpoint for the majority of consumption. The transition to food provisioning via wholesale markets was a dramatic shift that is important for understanding food systems today, yet, with few exceptions, the new and growing subfield of food systems planning has not much examined its history. Movable Markets: Food Wholesaling in the Twentieth-Century City, by Helen Tangires, shrinks this gap by documenting the forms and spatial layouts of evolving wholesale markets across the United States over the course of the twentieth century. Tangires’ first book documented a proliferation of food retail stores in nineteenth-century cities as a result of deregulation. This sequel explores the rise of food wholesalers to supply these retail outlets. More specifically, the book investigates how, after food provisioning evolved into an activity that took up ample (and valuable) real estate, cities extricated wholesale markets from their downtowns and reconstructed them as invisible and peripheral to the city’s infrastructure. Tangires argues that the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) “was the ‘visible hand’ that guaranteed the movable feast” (p. 14) by setting the conditions and orchestrating resources in order to shift the wholesaling food system into developments designed from scratch for the modern era. To tell this story, Tangires focuses on the role that the USDA played in the fight over the future of the urban wholesale market. The depth of research is extensive and often includes fascinating images and illustrations of USDA’s work. Tangires characterizes the development of food wholesale provisioning in terms of three eras, which also make up the three parts of the book. Each chapter provides examples from various cities, with the arcs of New York, Philadelphia, Chicago, and Baltimore wholesale markets described in bits and pieces throughout. A wide range of terms are used to refer to actors in the wholesale sector, reflecting the diversity of people involved in the industry and the dramatic shifts it underwent. The terms are primarily undefined, in part, because they were inconsistently used historically and because they evolved over time. Nonetheless, it can add confusion. The story primarily features white men, and Tangires notes their xenophobic Journal of Planning History","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"20 1","pages":"353 - 357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1538513220959663","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43494851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-05DOI: 10.1177/1538513220959666
E. Goetz
{"title":"Book Review: Shantytown, USA: Forgotten Landscapes of the Working Poor","authors":"E. Goetz","doi":"10.1177/1538513220959666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513220959666","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"20 1","pages":"69 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1538513220959666","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43801348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-13DOI: 10.1177/1538513220946034
M. Galinsky
{"title":"Book Review: Modern Coliseum: Stadiums and American CultureCity of Dreams: Dodger Stadium and the Birth of Modern Los Angeles","authors":"M. Galinsky","doi":"10.1177/1538513220946034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513220946034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"20 1","pages":"348 - 352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1538513220946034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45133155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-06DOI: 10.1177/1538513220946035
Meredith Drake Reitan
In the Afterword of Making Suburbia: New Histories of Everyday America, Margaret Crawford identifies three areas of research that expand our understanding of suburban landscapes in the United States. The first is a focus on individual voices. Through oral histories, biographical and ethnographic work, Crawford encourages us to “zoom in for close-ups” of our subjects’ lives (p. 383). She also argues that research centered on habitation—the interaction between the places that people occupy and the people who occupy those places—is more valuable than a focus on either of these aspects separately. In the context of suburbia, a study of habitation blends the analysis of housing production and consumption. In doing so, it offers insights into a domestic arena that is often assumed to be disconnected from the public realm. Finally, Crawford recommends that we study suburban imaginaries, where tangible and intangible experiences of the built environment coalesce into collective representations. Investigations that uncover the ingredients of these imaginaries enable us to know suburbia more deeply and to appreciate the complexities of specific places. The contributors to Making Suburbia address each of these themes individually and as a group. In Tastemaker: Elizabeth Gordon, House Beautiful and the Postwar American Home, Monica Penick deftly weaves together all three themes. TasteMaker is at once a biography, a history of domestic architecture, and a study in taste formation. The book’s principal subject is Elizabeth Gordon, the post–World War II editor of House Beautiful magazine. Born in Indiana in 1906, Gordon attended the University of Chicago in the 1920s. After a brief period teaching high school, she moved to New York City where she worked in an advertising agency and wrote freelance for magazines. Gordon focused her writing on housing and was eventually hired by Good Housekeeping where she became a “recognized authority” on the topic (p. 7). In 1941, Gordon was appointed editor in chief of House Beautiful, a role she held until 1964. Under Gordon’s leadership, the magazine’s circulation grew from less than 250,000 to close to a million, making it one of the most popular shelter magazines in the United States. The biographical focus on Gordon is somewhat complicated by how little we know about her life. Gordon left no diary, and despite significant professional accomplishments, she remains an elusive individual. The woman can only be understood through her work, and so, Penick sets out to find Elizabeth Gordon in the pages of House Beautiful. Journal of Planning History
Margaret Crawford在《创造郊区：美国日常新历史》的后记中指出了三个研究领域，这些领域扩大了我们对美国郊区景观的理解。第一个是关注个人声音。通过口述历史、传记和民族志工作，克劳福德鼓励我们“放大特写”我们的受试者的生活（第383页）。她还认为，以居住为中心的研究——人们居住的地方和居住这些地方的人之间的互动——比单独关注这两个方面更有价值。在郊区的背景下，居住研究融合了对住房生产和消费的分析。在这样做的过程中，它提供了对一个经常被认为与公共领域脱节的国内舞台的见解。最后，克劳福德建议我们研究郊区的想象，在那里，建筑环境的有形和无形体验结合成集体表征。调查揭示了这些想象的成分，使我们能够更深入地了解郊区，并了解特定地方的复杂性。《Making Suburbia》的撰稿人分别和作为一个小组讨论了这些主题中的每一个。在《品味制造者：伊丽莎白·戈登》、《美丽之家》和《战后美国之家》中，莫妮卡·佩尼克巧妙地将这三个主题交织在一起。《品味制造者》既是一本传记，也是一部国内建筑史，也是一本关于品味形成的研究。这本书的主题是伊丽莎白·戈登，二战后《美丽之家》杂志的编辑。戈登1906年出生于印第安纳州，20世纪20年代就读于芝加哥大学。在短暂的高中教学后，她搬到了纽约市，在那里她在一家广告公司工作，并为杂志撰写自由撰稿。戈登的写作重点是住房，最终被Good housing聘用，成为该主题的“公认权威”（第7页）。1941年，戈登被任命为《美丽之家》的主编，直到1964年。在戈登的领导下，该杂志的发行量从不足25万份增长到近100万份，成为美国最受欢迎的收容所杂志之一。对戈登的传记关注有点复杂，因为我们对她的生活知之甚少。戈登没有留下日记，尽管她在职业上取得了重大成就，但她仍然是一个难以捉摸的人。这个女人只能通过她的作品来理解，因此，佩尼克开始在《美丽的房子》中寻找伊丽莎白·戈登。规划史杂志
{"title":"Makers Mark: New Works Deepen the Field of Suburban History","authors":"Meredith Drake Reitan","doi":"10.1177/1538513220946035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513220946035","url":null,"abstract":"In the Afterword of Making Suburbia: New Histories of Everyday America, Margaret Crawford identifies three areas of research that expand our understanding of suburban landscapes in the United States. The first is a focus on individual voices. Through oral histories, biographical and ethnographic work, Crawford encourages us to “zoom in for close-ups” of our subjects’ lives (p. 383). She also argues that research centered on habitation—the interaction between the places that people occupy and the people who occupy those places—is more valuable than a focus on either of these aspects separately. In the context of suburbia, a study of habitation blends the analysis of housing production and consumption. In doing so, it offers insights into a domestic arena that is often assumed to be disconnected from the public realm. Finally, Crawford recommends that we study suburban imaginaries, where tangible and intangible experiences of the built environment coalesce into collective representations. Investigations that uncover the ingredients of these imaginaries enable us to know suburbia more deeply and to appreciate the complexities of specific places. The contributors to Making Suburbia address each of these themes individually and as a group. In Tastemaker: Elizabeth Gordon, House Beautiful and the Postwar American Home, Monica Penick deftly weaves together all three themes. TasteMaker is at once a biography, a history of domestic architecture, and a study in taste formation. The book’s principal subject is Elizabeth Gordon, the post–World War II editor of House Beautiful magazine. Born in Indiana in 1906, Gordon attended the University of Chicago in the 1920s. After a brief period teaching high school, she moved to New York City where she worked in an advertising agency and wrote freelance for magazines. Gordon focused her writing on housing and was eventually hired by Good Housekeeping where she became a “recognized authority” on the topic (p. 7). In 1941, Gordon was appointed editor in chief of House Beautiful, a role she held until 1964. Under Gordon’s leadership, the magazine’s circulation grew from less than 250,000 to close to a million, making it one of the most popular shelter magazines in the United States. The biographical focus on Gordon is somewhat complicated by how little we know about her life. Gordon left no diary, and despite significant professional accomplishments, she remains an elusive individual. The woman can only be understood through her work, and so, Penick sets out to find Elizabeth Gordon in the pages of House Beautiful. Journal of Planning History","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"20 1","pages":"342 - 347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1538513220946035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42486308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-28DOI: 10.1177/1538513220943146
T. Winkler
If we agree with Ananya Roy’s claim that planning’s epistemic roots are grounded in liberalism—which is riddled with inherent ethicopolitical tensions—then it might be worth our while to explore some of the spatial consequences of this grounding. The implementation of Vienna’s Ringstrasse serves as an excellent case example for such an exploration. On the one hand, it consists of an array of monumental public buildings that resemble material expressions of freedom and individuality. Yet, for this development to be realized in the first place, some form of intervention was necessary despite liberalism’s subscription to noninterventionism. Lessons learned from revisiting the Ringstrasse project might then prove illuminating for our contemporary era of “hyperliberalism.”
{"title":"Vienna’s Ringstrasse: A Spatial Manifestation of Sociopolitical Values","authors":"T. Winkler","doi":"10.1177/1538513220943146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513220943146","url":null,"abstract":"If we agree with Ananya Roy’s claim that planning’s epistemic roots are grounded in liberalism—which is riddled with inherent ethicopolitical tensions—then it might be worth our while to explore some of the spatial consequences of this grounding. The implementation of Vienna’s Ringstrasse serves as an excellent case example for such an exploration. On the one hand, it consists of an array of monumental public buildings that resemble material expressions of freedom and individuality. Yet, for this development to be realized in the first place, some form of intervention was necessary despite liberalism’s subscription to noninterventionism. Lessons learned from revisiting the Ringstrasse project might then prove illuminating for our contemporary era of “hyperliberalism.”","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"20 1","pages":"269 - 286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1538513220943146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47832341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-27DOI: 10.1177/1538513220939092
A. Ponomaryova, Brent D. Ryan
In the 1930s and 1940s, multiple five-year Soviet plans for national industrialization transformed Ukraine’s capital Kyiv (Russian Kiev) into a dramatic industrial metropolis. By 1960, Kyiv was a core industrial city with renovated prerevolutionary factories and massive new industrial enterprises. Ukraine’s 1991 independence threatened industrial complexes with demolition for retail, residential, and office uses. We examine Kyiv’s Soviet industrial legacy as prescribed in master plans of 1936 and 1947, and successive five-year plans. We profile five significant industrial complexes and their divergent fates today. We call for future transformations of Kyiv’s monumental Soviet industrial enterprises with enhanced awareness of heritage value.
{"title":"Will Kyiv’s Soviet Industrial Districts Survive? A Study of Transformation, Preservation, and Demolition of Industrial Heritage in Ukraine’s Capital","authors":"A. Ponomaryova, Brent D. Ryan","doi":"10.1177/1538513220939092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513220939092","url":null,"abstract":"In the 1930s and 1940s, multiple five-year Soviet plans for national industrialization transformed Ukraine’s capital Kyiv (Russian Kiev) into a dramatic industrial metropolis. By 1960, Kyiv was a core industrial city with renovated prerevolutionary factories and massive new industrial enterprises. Ukraine’s 1991 independence threatened industrial complexes with demolition for retail, residential, and office uses. We examine Kyiv’s Soviet industrial legacy as prescribed in master plans of 1936 and 1947, and successive five-year plans. We profile five significant industrial complexes and their divergent fates today. We call for future transformations of Kyiv’s monumental Soviet industrial enterprises with enhanced awareness of heritage value.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"20 1","pages":"220 - 268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1538513220939092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47034903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-14DOI: 10.1177/1538513220939074
S. Ramos
Regenerating Dixie: Electric Energy and the Modern South is Casey P. Cater’s recent book on how southern energy consolidation was a central process in constructing what he terms the “long New South” over the century spanning the 1880s and the 1970s. The book attempts to reconcile a southern historic exceptionalism with broader national urbanization trends, beginning in the late nineteenth century when the southern cities began to grow apace with the rest of the United States. For Cater, these cities served as the command centers for territorial energy pursuits, where southern utility corporations leveraged federal infrastructure funds for private profit. Cater is an energy historian based out of Atlanta, Georgia, which also happens to be the epicenter of the book’s narrative. “‘Regenerating Dixie,’” he explains, “is both an obvious riff on the New South and a term that clearly employs the present continuous tense.” Planning history in the US South, apart from some notable exceptions, is either wrapped in urban history, as in the work of David Goldfield, or buried in the region’s economic histories. As historian Alex Sayf Cummings recently summarized, “To take a bibliography of southern history on its face, one could conclude that urban planning never touched the American South.” From the anti-urban sentiment of the tidewater region, to the extension of the plantation model throughout the southeast that circumscribed authentic urban development to its southern coastal colonial town origins until the late nineteenth century, the South does not fit comfortably into the “official” planning history or the traditional nation-state contexts that frame it. Effective planning requires clear public–private, multilevel collaboration, in the form of explicit policy. Or it likes to think so. The South thinks of itself differently. Southern history is more poetry; gothic with ghostly innuendo. Planning aspires to be a high public art and science, and nineteenth-century Southern Victorianism reified only select aspects of “civilization” and flipped the rest of the Enlightenment on its head. Whether in discussions of regionalism or sectionalism, since the seventeenth century the history of the South has sought to weave itself into the larger national narrative while also claiming a kind of exceptional, unique character within that narrative. This is not its “new history” but rather its origin story. As Daniel Joseph Singal observed, “The plantation’s needs determined the South’s pattern of settlement, its principal transportation routes, and the location, size, and vitality of its cities . . . . In short, the plantation flourished at the expense of the development of the rest of southern society.” But Cater argues that southern electrification has broader significance for US histories of urban technologies, while recognizing the region’s “peculiarities.” “‘Different’ does not mean ‘exceptional’ . . . . It (southern electrification) was at once peculiar and unive
凯西·P·卡特（Casey P.Cater）的新书《再生迪克西：电力能源与现代南方》（Regenering Dixie:Electric Energy and the Modern South）讲述了在19世纪80年代和70年代的一个世纪里，南方能源整合是建设他所说的“漫长的新南方”的核心过程。这本书试图调和南方历史例外论与更广泛的国家城市化趋势，从19世纪末开始，当时南方城市开始与美国其他地区快速增长。对Cater来说，这些城市是领土能源开发的指挥中心，南方公用事业公司在这里利用联邦基础设施基金谋取私人利润。Cater是一位来自佐治亚州亚特兰大的能源历史学家，那里恰好也是本书叙事的中心。“‘再生迪克西’，”他解释道，“既是对新南部的一个明显的重复，也是一个明显使用现在进行时的术语。”除了一些明显的例外，美国南部的规划历史要么被包裹在城市历史中，就像大卫·戈德菲尔德的作品一样，要么被埋葬在该地区的经济历史中。正如历史学家Alex Sayf Cummings最近总结的那样，“从表面上看南方历史的目录，可以得出城市规划从未触及美国南方的结论。”从潮水地区的反城市情绪来看，直到19世纪末，种植园模式一直延伸到整个东南部，将真正的城市发展局限于其南部沿海殖民城镇的起源，南部并不适合“官方”规划历史或构成其框架的传统民族国家背景。有效的规划需要明确的公共-私人，以明确政策的形式进行多层次合作。或者它喜欢这样想。南方对自己的看法不同。南方历史更多的是诗歌；带有幽灵般影射的哥特式风格。规划渴望成为一门高度公共的艺术和科学，19世纪的南维多利亚主义只具体化了“文明”的某些方面，并颠覆了启蒙运动的其余部分。无论是在区域主义还是区域主义的讨论中，自17世纪以来，南方的历史一直试图将自己编织到更大的国家叙事中，同时也声称在叙事中有一种特殊、独特的特征。这不是它的“新历史”，而是它的起源故事。正如Daniel Joseph Singal所观察到的，“种植园的需求决定了南方的定居模式、主要交通路线以及城市的位置、规模和活力……简而言之，种植园的繁荣是以牺牲南方社会其他部分的发展为代价的。“但Cater认为，南部电气化对美国城市技术史具有更广泛的意义，同时也认识到该地区的“特殊性”
{"title":"Regenerating Dixie: Electric Energy and the Modern South","authors":"S. Ramos","doi":"10.1177/1538513220939074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513220939074","url":null,"abstract":"Regenerating Dixie: Electric Energy and the Modern South is Casey P. Cater’s recent book on how southern energy consolidation was a central process in constructing what he terms the “long New South” over the century spanning the 1880s and the 1970s. The book attempts to reconcile a southern historic exceptionalism with broader national urbanization trends, beginning in the late nineteenth century when the southern cities began to grow apace with the rest of the United States. For Cater, these cities served as the command centers for territorial energy pursuits, where southern utility corporations leveraged federal infrastructure funds for private profit. Cater is an energy historian based out of Atlanta, Georgia, which also happens to be the epicenter of the book’s narrative. “‘Regenerating Dixie,’” he explains, “is both an obvious riff on the New South and a term that clearly employs the present continuous tense.” Planning history in the US South, apart from some notable exceptions, is either wrapped in urban history, as in the work of David Goldfield, or buried in the region’s economic histories. As historian Alex Sayf Cummings recently summarized, “To take a bibliography of southern history on its face, one could conclude that urban planning never touched the American South.” From the anti-urban sentiment of the tidewater region, to the extension of the plantation model throughout the southeast that circumscribed authentic urban development to its southern coastal colonial town origins until the late nineteenth century, the South does not fit comfortably into the “official” planning history or the traditional nation-state contexts that frame it. Effective planning requires clear public–private, multilevel collaboration, in the form of explicit policy. Or it likes to think so. The South thinks of itself differently. Southern history is more poetry; gothic with ghostly innuendo. Planning aspires to be a high public art and science, and nineteenth-century Southern Victorianism reified only select aspects of “civilization” and flipped the rest of the Enlightenment on its head. Whether in discussions of regionalism or sectionalism, since the seventeenth century the history of the South has sought to weave itself into the larger national narrative while also claiming a kind of exceptional, unique character within that narrative. This is not its “new history” but rather its origin story. As Daniel Joseph Singal observed, “The plantation’s needs determined the South’s pattern of settlement, its principal transportation routes, and the location, size, and vitality of its cities . . . . In short, the plantation flourished at the expense of the development of the rest of southern society.” But Cater argues that southern electrification has broader significance for US histories of urban technologies, while recognizing the region’s “peculiarities.” “‘Different’ does not mean ‘exceptional’ . . . . It (southern electrification) was at once peculiar and unive","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"20 1","pages":"338 - 341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1538513220939074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46966951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-18DOI: 10.1177/1538513220922626
Michael McCulloch
Facing post–World War I housing shortages and the prospect of social unrest, policymakers on both sides of the Atlantic supported the construction of modern workers’ dwellings. Their efforts produced an extraordinary volume of new units, transforming the working-class experience. Yet, architectural and planning historians have overlooked the comparative potential in this body of work, which includes landmarks of modernism and wood-framed bungalows. This article contributes a transatlantic comparison. It explores European and US policies and projects, shedding light on the particularity of the American case, epitomized by Detroit, where in the absence of planned developments workers sought houses as independent consumers.
{"title":"Workers’ Housing and Houses: Interwar Planning from Dessau to Detroit","authors":"Michael McCulloch","doi":"10.1177/1538513220922626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513220922626","url":null,"abstract":"Facing post–World War I housing shortages and the prospect of social unrest, policymakers on both sides of the Atlantic supported the construction of modern workers’ dwellings. Their efforts produced an extraordinary volume of new units, transforming the working-class experience. Yet, architectural and planning historians have overlooked the comparative potential in this body of work, which includes landmarks of modernism and wood-framed bungalows. This article contributes a transatlantic comparison. It explores European and US policies and projects, shedding light on the particularity of the American case, epitomized by Detroit, where in the absence of planned developments workers sought houses as independent consumers.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"19 1","pages":"314 - 335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1538513220922626","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42327939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.1177/1538513218762327
Débora Follador, Fábio Duarte, Mario Carrier
In theory, shifts in institutional arrangements result in new public policies. This articles focuses on Curitiba, Brazil, an international flagship city of urban planning recognized for its technocratic government. The 2012 municipal elections and the 2013 nationwide political upheaval led to a change in the city's institutional arrangement. As a consequence, the 2014 Master Plan was conceived with the tagline of more public participation. This paper analyzes whether the changes in institutional arrangements influenced the city's planning process and the Master Plan.
{"title":"Institutional Arrangements and Political Shifts in Curitiba, Brazil: A Comparative Analysis of the 2004 and 2014 Master Plans","authors":"Débora Follador, Fábio Duarte, Mario Carrier","doi":"10.1177/1538513218762327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513218762327","url":null,"abstract":"In theory, shifts in institutional arrangements result in new public policies. This articles focuses on Curitiba, Brazil, an international flagship city of urban planning recognized for its technocratic government. The 2012 municipal elections and the 2013 nationwide political upheaval led to a change in the city's institutional arrangement. As a consequence, the 2014 Master Plan was conceived with the tagline of more public participation. This paper analyzes whether the changes in institutional arrangements influenced the city's planning process and the Master Plan.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":"19 1","pages":"112 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1538513218762327","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44859238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：