Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.1177/15385132241252620
Curt Richard Winkle
{"title":"Book Review Commentary: Gay Bars as Third Places for Resistance, Identity, and Culture","authors":"Curt Richard Winkle","doi":"10.1177/15385132241252620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132241252620","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140940648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-09DOI: 10.1177/15385132241252618
Andrew H. Whittemore
This paper examines the context, precedents, contents, distribution, and socio-economic ramifications of deed restrictions in early-nineteenth century Boston, reviewing examples of restrictions’ use and a comprehensive survey of the 1800–1839 deeds of five grantors. It shows how Boston’s government and then private land developers began using deed restrictions in regards to building use, materials, height, and bulk in select geographies during this period. They did so to guarantee prestigious and stable home and work environments to wealthy consumers in the fast-changing urban context, in turn bringing into existence a prized and exclusive stratum of urban residential and commercial property.
{"title":"Origins of Deed Restrictions in the United States: The Case of Early-Nineteenth Century Boston","authors":"Andrew H. Whittemore","doi":"10.1177/15385132241252618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132241252618","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the context, precedents, contents, distribution, and socio-economic ramifications of deed restrictions in early-nineteenth century Boston, reviewing examples of restrictions’ use and a comprehensive survey of the 1800–1839 deeds of five grantors. It shows how Boston’s government and then private land developers began using deed restrictions in regards to building use, materials, height, and bulk in select geographies during this period. They did so to guarantee prestigious and stable home and work environments to wealthy consumers in the fast-changing urban context, in turn bringing into existence a prized and exclusive stratum of urban residential and commercial property.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140940426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.1177/15385132241228852
Miriam Solis
The US Clean Water Act of 1972 required cities to build secondary wastewater treatment plant capacity to improve the environment and protect public health. The expansion of the Southeast Pollution Control Plant in San Francisco’s Bayview-Hunters Point, a historically Black neighborhood, illustrates how planners employed rational-comprehensive approaches as the bases for their decision-making, worsening the community’s environmental burdens. This occurred even as the community used recently adopted environmental policy frameworks to mitigate the plant’s consequences. The Clean Water Act should be evaluated on clean water objectives and in terms of how communities were harmed to achieve these environmental goals.
{"title":"Lessons in Legacies: Treatment Plant Expansion Under the Clean Water Act","authors":"Miriam Solis","doi":"10.1177/15385132241228852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132241228852","url":null,"abstract":"The US Clean Water Act of 1972 required cities to build secondary wastewater treatment plant capacity to improve the environment and protect public health. The expansion of the Southeast Pollution Control Plant in San Francisco’s Bayview-Hunters Point, a historically Black neighborhood, illustrates how planners employed rational-comprehensive approaches as the bases for their decision-making, worsening the community’s environmental burdens. This occurred even as the community used recently adopted environmental policy frameworks to mitigate the plant’s consequences. The Clean Water Act should be evaluated on clean water objectives and in terms of how communities were harmed to achieve these environmental goals.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140571029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-20DOI: 10.1177/15385132241239076
Carolyn B. Swope
{"title":"Book Review: Zoned Out! and The Williamsburg Avant-Garde","authors":"Carolyn B. Swope","doi":"10.1177/15385132241239076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132241239076","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140203717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-14DOI: 10.1177/15385132241237265
Kelly Gregg
This paper investigates how the pedestrian mall concept evolved and was broadly replicated in the post-war period in North America, specifically positioning downtown pedestrian malls as a case study of urban renewal ideas and practices. This research describes how ideas of pedestrianization evolved from a modernist utopian concept, to a more constrained pragmatic approach that was widely implemented. Furthermore, this research links the proliferation of pedestrian malls to federal urban renewal funding in the US. Like many mid-century urban renewal projects however, only a few pedestrian malls remain intact today.
{"title":"Placing the North American Post-war Pedestrian Mall Within the Legacy of Downtown Urban Renewal","authors":"Kelly Gregg","doi":"10.1177/15385132241237265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132241237265","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates how the pedestrian mall concept evolved and was broadly replicated in the post-war period in North America, specifically positioning downtown pedestrian malls as a case study of urban renewal ideas and practices. This research describes how ideas of pedestrianization evolved from a modernist utopian concept, to a more constrained pragmatic approach that was widely implemented. Furthermore, this research links the proliferation of pedestrian malls to federal urban renewal funding in the US. Like many mid-century urban renewal projects however, only a few pedestrian malls remain intact today.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140146837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.1177/15385132241238777
Joseph M. Watson
{"title":"“Skyscrapers and Their City: Reframing Chicago’s Postwar High-Rises”","authors":"Joseph M. Watson","doi":"10.1177/15385132241238777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132241238777","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140105358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.1177/15385132231222856
Zohreh Soltani
The Shahyad monument, which has served as a symbol of Tehran—and by extension of modern Iran—since its inauguration in 1971, stands at the center of a huge open space that has been successively appropriated by Pahlavis, revolutionaries, and the Islamic Republic and has been persistently mediated and remediated in its relatively short life. This contested urban monument embodies the complex story of a space in which multiple sets of illusions—a Pahlavi fantasy as well as a revolutionary dream—are undone. In this paper, the space’s story is traced through varied types of media and archival material, including plans and architectural drawings, official reports and correspondences, and especially through journalistic photographs of the Square in 1979 and its representation in various media afterward. I examine shifts in this specific space at particular and historically grounded conjunctures, honing in not just on the site’s meta-narratives and its grand spectacular events, but also on the decentralized and ignored narratives and histories, demonstrating how they have reworked the meaning of this monumental space, turning it into a stage for contrarian politics. Focusing on the monument during the 1978-79 Revolution, I argue that the transformations in the meaning and perception of the site at that particular moment are indeed forces of a fundamental remaking, in that they open up the monumental site to further appropriations, as we are currently witnessing.
{"title":"(Un)Settled Monument: Tehran’s Shahyad Square in the Revolutionary Crucible","authors":"Zohreh Soltani","doi":"10.1177/15385132231222856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132231222856","url":null,"abstract":"The Shahyad monument, which has served as a symbol of Tehran—and by extension of modern Iran—since its inauguration in 1971, stands at the center of a huge open space that has been successively appropriated by Pahlavis, revolutionaries, and the Islamic Republic and has been persistently mediated and remediated in its relatively short life. This contested urban monument embodies the complex story of a space in which multiple sets of illusions—a Pahlavi fantasy as well as a revolutionary dream—are undone. In this paper, the space’s story is traced through varied types of media and archival material, including plans and architectural drawings, official reports and correspondences, and especially through journalistic photographs of the Square in 1979 and its representation in various media afterward. I examine shifts in this specific space at particular and historically grounded conjunctures, honing in not just on the site’s meta-narratives and its grand spectacular events, but also on the decentralized and ignored narratives and histories, demonstrating how they have reworked the meaning of this monumental space, turning it into a stage for contrarian politics. Focusing on the monument during the 1978-79 Revolution, I argue that the transformations in the meaning and perception of the site at that particular moment are indeed forces of a fundamental remaking, in that they open up the monumental site to further appropriations, as we are currently witnessing.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139949400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-22DOI: 10.1177/15385132231222853
David L. A. Gordon, Miranda Virginillo
The Community Planning Association of Canada (CPAC) advocated for the re-establishment of planning in post-war Canada. During this period, the federal government set reconstruction objectives, and both Central (now Canada) Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) and the CPAC were formed. We believe that 1944–1947 was a critical juncture establishing planned suburban development in Canada as a path-dependent process with tremendous momentum into the 21st-century. Using a historical-institutional approach, the role of CMHC and the influence of the CPAC is examined. Analysis relying on extensive archival material demonstrates that the CPAC gave a tremendous push along the path-dependent process of suburbanization.
{"title":"The Post-war Revival of Canadian Planning: Assessing the Impact of the Community Planning Association of Canada","authors":"David L. A. Gordon, Miranda Virginillo","doi":"10.1177/15385132231222853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132231222853","url":null,"abstract":"The Community Planning Association of Canada (CPAC) advocated for the re-establishment of planning in post-war Canada. During this period, the federal government set reconstruction objectives, and both Central (now Canada) Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) and the CPAC were formed. We believe that 1944–1947 was a critical juncture establishing planned suburban development in Canada as a path-dependent process with tremendous momentum into the 21st-century. Using a historical-institutional approach, the role of CMHC and the influence of the CPAC is examined. Analysis relying on extensive archival material demonstrates that the CPAC gave a tremendous push along the path-dependent process of suburbanization.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139606639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-22DOI: 10.1177/15385132231222948
Matthew Heins
{"title":"Two Views on Abandonment and Blight in Detroit","authors":"Matthew Heins","doi":"10.1177/15385132231222948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132231222948","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139606937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-06DOI: 10.1177/15385132231222849
Annie Schentag
This article illuminates Frederick Law Olmsted Jr.’s use of racially restrictive covenants in his firm’s residential subdivisions. Given his prominence in planning for urban development during the first three decades of the twentieth century, examining Olmsted Jr.’s legacy to the role of planning in perpetuating racial segregation can provide an important missing piece of planning history. This study utilizes a particularly rich collection of restrictive covenants (circa 1900–1930) from the Frederick Law Olmsted National Historic Site to document the scope, variety, location, timing, and language of racial restrictions applied in numerous Olmsted Brothers firm projects across America. In doing so, it considers the relationship between developers, designers, and homeowners in contributing to the segregation of American residential subdivisions still prevalent today. This research demonstrates the commitment of the Olmsted firm to advancing residential segregation in newly created communities throughout the nation during the first half of the twentieth century.
{"title":"“Designs for People Who Do Not Readily Intermingle”: Olmsted Jr.’s Use of Race-Restrictive Covenants, ca. 1900–1930","authors":"Annie Schentag","doi":"10.1177/15385132231222849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132231222849","url":null,"abstract":"This article illuminates Frederick Law Olmsted Jr.’s use of racially restrictive covenants in his firm’s residential subdivisions. Given his prominence in planning for urban development during the first three decades of the twentieth century, examining Olmsted Jr.’s legacy to the role of planning in perpetuating racial segregation can provide an important missing piece of planning history. This study utilizes a particularly rich collection of restrictive covenants (circa 1900–1930) from the Frederick Law Olmsted National Historic Site to document the scope, variety, location, timing, and language of racial restrictions applied in numerous Olmsted Brothers firm projects across America. In doing so, it considers the relationship between developers, designers, and homeowners in contributing to the segregation of American residential subdivisions still prevalent today. This research demonstrates the commitment of the Olmsted firm to advancing residential segregation in newly created communities throughout the nation during the first half of the twentieth century.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139380863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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