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The Intentions of Teachers towards Practicing Inclusive Education in Secondary Schools in Ghana: A Qualitative Study 加纳中学教师实施全纳教育的意向:定性研究
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-04 DOI: 10.1080/18146627.2022.2150869
M. Opoku
Abstract It has been widely reported that as students with disabilities climb the academic ladder, it becomes more difficult to implement inclusive education for vulnerable students, such as those with disabilities. In the Ghanaian context, there are few studies on the intentions of teachers towards practicing inclusive education in secondary schools for students with disabilities. Using Ajzen’s theory of planned behaviour as a theoretical framework, the aim of this study was to develop a deeper insight into the intentions of teachers towards practicing inclusive education in secondary schools in Ghana. In this follow-up qualitative study, eight teachers, four males and four females, who had participated in the first phase of a larger study, were interviewed to develop a deeper insight into their views and to clarify the influence of the known variables on their intentions. The data were analysed thematically, and the results showed that effective supervision in private schools, parental contribution, motivation, gender roles, and level of teaching were critical to participating teachers’ intentions to include students with disabilities in their regular classes. The results indicate the need for policymakers to empower school leaders in public schools to promote the teaching of all students in one classroom.
摘要据广泛报道,随着残疾学生在学业上的攀升,为弱势学生(如残疾学生)实施包容性教育变得更加困难。在加纳,很少有关于教师在中学为残疾学生实施包容性教育的意图的研究。本研究以Ajzen的计划行为理论为理论框架,旨在深入了解加纳中学教师实施包容性教育的意图。在这项后续的定性研究中,八名教师,四男四女,参加了一项更大规模研究的第一阶段,接受了采访,以更深入地了解他们的观点,并澄清已知变量对他们意图的影响。对数据进行了主题分析,结果表明,私立学校的有效监督、父母的贡献、动机、性别角色和教学水平对于参与教师将残疾学生纳入常规课堂的意图至关重要。研究结果表明,政策制定者有必要赋予公立学校的学校领导权力,以促进所有学生在一个课堂上的教学。
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引用次数: 2
Students’ Voices Receive More Attention than Academics’ Voices: A Paradox in Ethiopian Public Universities 学生的声音比学者的声音更受关注:埃塞俄比亚公立大学的一个悖论
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-04 DOI: 10.1080/18146627.2022.2150978
Geberew Tulu Mekonnen, S. Kilpatrick, J. Kenny, D. Kember
Abstract This study explored the voice of students in the Ethiopian higher education context. Stratified sampling and an exploratory research design were employed to understand students’ voices. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes and meanings. The strength of students’ voices was contrasted with other countries that have implemented the Bologna Process. In Ethiopian higher education, students’ voices get considerable attention. Students are aware of their rights in terms of influencing decision-making processes. The study recommends inclusive and shared forums where the university, academic units, their staff, and students are expected to participate in participatory governance systems in pursuit of their respective missions within the university. The findings have implications for other countries. To fully implement the intention of the Bologna Process, student participation in university governance should be encouraged, but not at the expense of the participation of academic staff.
摘要本研究探讨了埃塞俄比亚高等教育背景下学生的声音。采用分层抽样和探索性研究设计来了解学生的声音。主位分析用于确定主题和意义。学生们的声音与其他实施博洛尼亚进程的国家形成了对比。在埃塞俄比亚的高等教育中,学生的声音得到了相当大的关注。学生意识到他们在影响决策过程方面的权利。该研究建议建立包容和共享的论坛,期望大学、学术单位、其员工和学生参与参与式治理系统,以追求大学内各自的使命。这些发现对其他国家也有启示意义。为了充分落实博洛尼亚进程的意图,应该鼓励学生参与大学治理,但不能以牺牲学术人员的参与为代价。
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引用次数: 0
Cultural-Historical Activity Theory as a Framework for Exploring Pre-service Teachers’ Use of an Intelligent Tutoring System for English Language Proficiency 以文史活动理论为框架,探讨职前教师使用英语语言能力智能辅导系统
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-04 DOI: 10.1080/18146627.2022.2150245
Derek Ballantyne, C. Livingston, J. Garraway
Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine pre-service teachers’ perceptions of their use of an intelligent tutoring system (ITS) as an English language proficiency tool. Pre-service teachers’ perceptions were analysed using Engeström’s second-generation cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT). A qualitative interpretivist paradigm was used. Six pre-service teachers who were learning to be English home language teachers but were not English home language speakers were interviewed. The study’s findings indicated that when the ITS was integrated into an activity system for teaching and learning, participants had a favourable opinion of it. The ITS was perceived to aid pre-service teachers in enhancing their language skills and to be instrumental in achieving goals and objectives as a tool for learning.
摘要本研究的目的是考察职前教师对使用智能辅导系统(ITS)作为英语语言能力提高工具的看法。运用Engeström的第二代文化历史活动理论(CHAT)分析职前教师的认知。采用了定性解释主义范式。对6名正在学习成为英语家庭语言教师但不以英语为母语的职前教师进行了访谈。研究结果显示,当智能交通系统被整合到教学活动系统中时,参与者对它有良好的看法。资讯科技服务被认为有助职前教师提高语文技能,并作为一种学习工具,在达成目标方面发挥重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
When Boys Read better than Girls: The Correlation between Gender Disparities in Schooling Participation and Reading Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa 当男孩比女孩阅读能力强时:撒哈拉以南非洲地区学校参与与阅读表现的性别差异之间的关系
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-04 DOI: 10.1080/18146627.2022.2151924
Pearl Kyei
Abstract Sub-Saharan African countries have made remarkable strides in closing the gender gap in primary enrolment and more girls than ever are attending school. With the existing gender differentials in youth literacy rates, an important question is whether they are learning as well as their male classmates. This article explored factors that contribute to gender gaps in reading for sixth-grade pupils from 61 396 pupils from 15 countries in the third evaluation of the Southern and Eastern Africa Consortium for Monitoring Educational Quality (SACMEQ III). Within-class sex differences in test score performance are estimated using ordinary least squares regression models. This is done by analysing the factors associated with female learning that inhibit school attendance and class participation. The results show a female disadvantage in reading in a little under half of the countries studied, which differs from the consistently observed female reading advantage in other parts of the world. Factors that prevent girls from fully attending and participating in school such as domestic responsibilities and hostile school environments explain part of the female disadvantage in reading, indicating that households and schools need to ensure that girls can attend and participate fully in their classes without distractions or fear.
撒哈拉以南非洲国家在缩小小学入学率的性别差距方面取得了显著进展,上学的女孩比以往任何时候都多。由于青年识字率存在性别差异,一个重要的问题是,她们的学习情况是否与男同学一样好。本文在南部和东部非洲教育质量监测联盟(SACMEQ III)的第三次评估中,对来自15个国家的61396名六年级学生的阅读性别差异进行了探讨。使用普通最小二乘回归模型估计了班级内测试成绩的性别差异。这是通过分析与女性学习有关的阻碍上学和课堂参与的因素来完成的。结果显示,在近一半的研究国家中,女性在阅读方面处于劣势,这与世界其他地区一直观察到的女性阅读优势不同。家庭责任和敌对的学校环境等阻碍女孩充分上学和参与学习的因素是女性在阅读方面处于不利地位的部分原因,这表明家庭和学校需要确保女孩能够在没有分心或恐惧的情况下充分上学和参与学习。
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引用次数: 0
Teacher Education and Student Teachers’ Commitment to Teaching: A Thematic Literature Review 教师教育与学生教师的教学承诺——专题文献综述
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-04 DOI: 10.1080/18146627.2022.2150244
Ikupa Moses, W. Admiraal, A. Berry, Nadira Saab
Abstract Teacher education is a symbolic entry point into the teaching profession and the identification of specific teacher education aspects that enhance commitment to teaching is important. A thematic literature review was carried out to identify these themes within teacher education. The review included 22 peer-reviewed articles. Eleven themes were extracted that can influence student teachers’ commitment to teaching, which were related to student teachers’ campus-based experiences, their school-based experiences, and the connection between theory and practical components of the course. Conclusively, implications for teacher education emphasise student teachers’ commitment enhancement.
摘要教师教育是进入教师职业的象征性切入点,识别教师教育的具体方面以增强对教学的承诺是很重要的。进行了专题文献综述,以确定教师教育中的这些主题。该综述包括22篇同行评审文章。提取了11个可以影响师生教学承诺的主题,这些主题与师生的校园体验、校本体验以及课程理论与实践组成部分之间的联系有关。总之,对教师教育的启示强调师生的承诺增强。
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引用次数: 1
Transition of Mozambique’s Primary Mathematics Intended Curriculum in the Post-Colonial Period: A Focus on Adaptation from an Exogenous Curriculum 后殖民时期莫桑比克小学数学课程的转型:外生课程的适应
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-04 DOI: 10.1080/18146627.2022.2150242
S. Kusaka
Abstract It is indisputable that one of the factors connected to improvements in the quality of education is the implementation of relevant curricular reform that is pertinent to the culture and needs of the given country. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate how the adaptation from an exogenous curriculum was attempted through analysing the three mathematics curricula for the years 1983, 2004, and 2015 that have been applied after independence, reports and policy papers issued by the Ministry of Education (MINED), and interviews with technical officials involved with the curriculum revision in 2015. The results show that Mozambique has been steadily and appropriately moving away from an exogenous curriculum in a cycle of 10 years through the accumulation of their own experiences. The series of observations that we attained could be relevant to other African nations from the viewpoint of transitioning away from an exogenous curriculum.
摘要:教育质量提高的重要因素之一是实施符合本国文化和需要的课程改革,这是不容置疑的。本研究旨在通过分析独立后应用的1983年、2004年和2015年的三个数学课程、教育部发布的报告和政策文件,以及对参与2015年课程修订的技术官员的访谈,全面调查外生课程的适应是如何尝试的。结果表明,莫桑比克通过自身经验的积累,在10年的周期内稳步和适当地摆脱了外源性课程。从从外生课程过渡的角度来看,我们获得的一系列观察结果可能与其他非洲国家相关。
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引用次数: 0
Towards Vocational Training of the South African Dancer: Anxiety or Agency? 走向南非舞者的职业培训:焦虑还是代理?
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/18146627.2022.2111996
Janine Lewis, Jeannette Ziady
Abstract The dance world is dominated by instilling technique and discipline in the dance training. Technique and discipline have been inculcated through training regimes that are dogmatically transferred through the generations — from teacher to dancer —and who in turn perpetuate technique and discipline in their teaching. Within a multicultural setting, dancers are required to start afresh and to subscribe to a standardisation that is often unattainable due to gender, physique, and bias. The standardisation reinforces a coloniality of power. This article examines this phenomenon and serves to promote inclusive strategies towards training vocational dance. Theories of learning are explored that advocate towards a long-term transformation strategy that takes the notions of deficit dancers and the coloniality of power within the dance education system into account. Consideration is also afforded to Nakata‘s (1998) cultural interface theories, which incorporate these aspects with a strategy on dance vocational training —the constructs of a professional learning community (PLC) that may not be seamless in implementation. Through reflective and reflexive inquiry, Tshwane University of Technology (TUT) somatic training modules are case studies for a gap analysis framing of such a strategy. By actively participating in co-creating new knowledge and futures, a sense of agency is afforded the individual student.
在舞蹈训练中,技术和纪律的灌输是舞蹈世界的主导。技术和纪律是通过训练制度灌输的,这些制度是通过几代人(从老师到舞者)教条地传递的,而这些人又在他们的教学中延续了技术和纪律。在一个多元文化的环境中,舞者需要重新开始,并认同一种标准化,这种标准化往往是由于性别、体格和偏见而无法实现的。这种标准化强化了权力的殖民主义。本文对这一现象进行了研究,旨在促进职业舞蹈培训的包容性策略。我们探索了学习理论,倡导长期转型战略,将舞蹈教育系统中的缺陷舞者和权力殖民主义的概念考虑在内。还考虑到Nakata(1998)的文化界面理论,该理论将这些方面与舞蹈职业培训策略结合起来-专业学习社区(PLC)的构建,在实施中可能不是无缝的。通过反思性和反思性的探究,Tshwane科技大学(TUT)的躯体训练模块是这种策略的差距分析框架的案例研究。通过积极参与共同创造新知识和未来,为每个学生提供了一种代理感。
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引用次数: 0
Inclusive Education Practices for Children with Disabilities in the United Arab Emirates 阿拉伯联合酋长国残疾儿童全纳教育实践
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/18146627.2022.2105727
M. Alzyoudi, Samira Al Nuaimi, K. Almazroui
Abstract This study examines inclusive education practices for children with disabilities in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) by examining teachers’ attitudes towards inclusion. The study sample consisted of 310 mainstream and special education teachers from all over the UAE. Statistical analyses were used to examine the relationships between predictors. The findings showed that all adult target groups demonstrated positive attitudes towards educational inclusion; however, female teachers had a more positive attitude towards inclusion than male teachers. The results also show that special education teachers had a more positive attitude than mainstream education teachers. There was a relationship between the knowledge, skills and attitudes towards inclusion of regular teachers and special education teachers; all teachers with knowledge, skills and training in special education received high scores for positive attitudes towards inclusion.
摘要本研究通过考察阿拉伯联合酋长国(UAE)教师对包容性的态度,考察了残疾儿童的全纳教育实践。研究样本包括来自阿联酋各地的310名主流教育和特殊教育教师。统计分析用于检验预测因子之间的关系。研究结果显示,所有成人目标群体对教育共融持积极态度;然而,女教师对包容的态度比男教师更积极。结果还显示,特殊教育教师比主流教育教师有更积极的态度。普通教师和特殊教育教师对包容的知识、技能和态度之间存在关系;所有具有特殊教育知识、技能和培训的教师在对包容性的积极态度方面都获得了高分。
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引用次数: 0
Reflections on Pedagogical Practices for Online Teaching 关于网络教学教学实践的思考
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/18146627.2022.2147847
R. Chetty
Abstract This article is a reflection on my online teaching at the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim is to provide strategies to integrate transformative pedagogical practices with online teaching platforms. The methodological framework for the article is reflective practice. I reflect on my online teaching of an English language module, pay critical attention to the practical values that inform self-directed learning, engage with student reflections on challenges experienced during the lockdown, and aim for developmental insight. The article advocates for self-directed learning and engagement with pedagogical foundations of e-learning to counter the common technical perspective to online teaching. Uploading course material and limiting facilitation to giving directions on assignments and providing technical resources is inadequate. The imperative is critical engagement with knowledge underpinned by self-directed learning within social and emancipatory frameworks. Traditional student dependence on lectures should shift to them assuming responsibility for the cognitive (self-monitoring) and contextual (self-management) process of learning. The article calls for vigorous dialogue to counter feelings of depersonalisation and isolation, intense intellectual relationships, transformative pedagogies, innovative thinking around teaching time, and organisation and advanced communication skills for online classrooms. The student, the nature of learning, learning strategies, phases of the learning process, and the knowledge project should be taken into account in mapping the process of self-directed learning.
这篇文章是我在新冠肺炎大流行来临之际对自己在线教学的反思。其目的是提供将变革性教学实践与在线教学平台相结合的策略。本文的方法论框架是反思性实践。我反思了我的英语语言模块在线教学,非常关注指导自主学习的实用价值,参与学生对封锁期间所经历的挑战的反思,并以发展洞察力为目标。本文提倡自主学习和参与电子学习的教学基础,以对抗在线教学的常见技术观点。上传课程材料和限制指导作业和提供技术资源是不够的。当务之急是在社会和解放框架内,以自主学习为基础,批判性地接触知识。学生对讲课的传统依赖应该转变为他们承担起学习的认知(自我监控)和情境(自我管理)过程的责任。这篇文章呼吁进行积极的对话,以对抗去人格化和孤立的感觉,强烈的智力关系,变革的教学法,围绕教学时间的创新思维,以及在线课堂的组织和先进的沟通技巧。学生、学习的性质、学习策略、学习过程的阶段和知识项目都应该被考虑在自主学习的过程中。
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引用次数: 0
Reflection: A Powerful Tool for Teachers to Examine Their Own Teaching 反思:教师审视自身教学的有力工具
IF 0.4 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/18146627.2022.2135011
Benita P. Nel
Abstract This study is situated in a mathematics teaching practice setting where reflective practice by pre-service teachers was investigated. Instead of having a one-on-one lesson observation, followed by reflection thereafter, this study looked at the joint lesson observation and reflection amongst three student teachers and a supervisor/researcher. The purpose was to investigate their reflective practices as a group, investigating the following research question: Do mathematics student teachers change their teaching when they receive feedback from a knowledgeable other, in conjunction with their peers? If so, how do they change? Data were collected through interviews of the joint reflections of two lessons of each of the three pre-service teachers. The findings have potential value for learning to teach where the participants could incorporate take-up from each other‘s lessons, develop in terms of the pace at which they taught and improve the use of technology in class. Joint reflection can be proposed as it enhances teaching and opens up the space to talk about classroom experiences.
摘要本研究以数学教学实践为背景,对职前教师的反思性实践进行调查。本研究采用的不是一对一的课堂观察,然后进行反思,而是三名实习教师和一名主管/研究员共同进行课堂观察和反思。目的是调查他们作为一个群体的反思实践,调查以下研究问题:当数学学生教师与他们的同龄人一起从知识渊博的其他人那里得到反馈时,他们会改变他们的教学吗?如果有,它们是如何变化的?数据是通过对三位职前教师各自两节课的联合反思进行访谈来收集的。这些发现对学习教学有潜在的价值,参与者可以从彼此的课程中吸取教训,提高他们的教学速度,并改善课堂上对技术的使用。可以提出共同反思,因为它可以加强教学,并开辟了谈论课堂体验的空间。
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引用次数: 0
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Africa Education Review
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