Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/187773
Yinghui Zhu, T.O. Rozhkova
Limited attention has been given to the persistent impacts of diverse herbicides present in soil on the growth of successive crops in agricultural production. Therefore, the objective of this experiment is to thoroughly examine atrazine residues toxic reactions in lucern ( Medicago sativa L. ). This experiment aims to thoroughly investigate the toxic response of atrazine in lucern. Lucern sourced from Henan Seed Company in China. The study employed the soil addition method to investigate the impacts and correlations of diverse concentrations of atrazine herbicide res - idues with growth indicators, photosynthetic features, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of lucern. The results showed that with the increase of atrazine residue (0.0-2.0 mg·kg -1 ), the plant height (PH), root length (RL), stem dry weight (SDW) and root dry weight (RDW) decreased to 81.8%, 81.7%, 92.3% and 85.2%, respectively. SPAD value, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (GS), transpiration rate (Tr), the PSII maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fo), maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), actual photosynthetic efficiency (Y(Ⅱ)), PSII coeffi - cient of photochemical fluorescence quenching (qP) and photosynthetic electron transport rate (ETR) decrease by 62.1%, 83.4%, 84.1%, 95.7%, 76.8%, 11.8%, 84.5%, 46.1% and 63.1%, respectively. However, the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) and non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) increased by 46.2% and 37.5%, respectively. Ci was positively correlated with Fv/Fo, Fv/Fm, qP, Y(II) and ETR (P<0.01), SPAD, Pn and Gs were significantly negatively correlated with Tr (P<0.01), were significantly positively correlated with Tr, Fv/ Fo, Fv/Fm, qP, Y(II) and ETR (P<0.01). The potential toxicity risk of atrazine residues to plants was assessed by photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Although herbicide application is essential for food production, appropriate concentration management methods must be adopted to ensure the sustainable development of agricultural ecology.
{"title":"Phytotoxicity Response of Lucern to Herbicide Atrazine in Soil","authors":"Yinghui Zhu, T.O. Rozhkova","doi":"10.12912/27197050/187773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/187773","url":null,"abstract":"Limited attention has been given to the persistent impacts of diverse herbicides present in soil on the growth of successive crops in agricultural production. Therefore, the objective of this experiment is to thoroughly examine atrazine residues toxic reactions in lucern ( Medicago sativa L. ). This experiment aims to thoroughly investigate the toxic response of atrazine in lucern. Lucern sourced from Henan Seed Company in China. The study employed the soil addition method to investigate the impacts and correlations of diverse concentrations of atrazine herbicide res - idues with growth indicators, photosynthetic features, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of lucern. The results showed that with the increase of atrazine residue (0.0-2.0 mg·kg -1 ), the plant height (PH), root length (RL), stem dry weight (SDW) and root dry weight (RDW) decreased to 81.8%, 81.7%, 92.3% and 85.2%, respectively. SPAD value, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (GS), transpiration rate (Tr), the PSII maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fo), maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), actual photosynthetic efficiency (Y(Ⅱ)), PSII coeffi - cient of photochemical fluorescence quenching (qP) and photosynthetic electron transport rate (ETR) decrease by 62.1%, 83.4%, 84.1%, 95.7%, 76.8%, 11.8%, 84.5%, 46.1% and 63.1%, respectively. However, the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) and non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) increased by 46.2% and 37.5%, respectively. Ci was positively correlated with Fv/Fo, Fv/Fm, qP, Y(II) and ETR (P<0.01), SPAD, Pn and Gs were significantly negatively correlated with Tr (P<0.01), were significantly positively correlated with Tr, Fv/ Fo, Fv/Fm, qP, Y(II) and ETR (P<0.01). The potential toxicity risk of atrazine residues to plants was assessed by photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Although herbicide application is essential for food production, appropriate concentration management methods must be adopted to ensure the sustainable development of agricultural ecology.","PeriodicalId":448145,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology","volume":"20 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141235275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/186666
L. Lepaja, Verina Krasniqi, V. Avdiu, Lindita Ibishi, K. Lepaja
This field experiment aimed to assess the effects of algal biostimulants (NPK + TE) and mycorrhiza on the vegetative and productive parameters of a blueberry orchard, as well as the shelf life of fruits at three different stages of harvest. Kosovo benefits from favorable agro-climatic conditions that support high-quality agricultural production. In response to the impact of climate change, the blueberry industry in Kosovo has increasingly adopted Algae bio-stimulants (NPK + TE) to adapt to changing climate conditions, enhance yields, and improve blueberry resilience against environmental stressors. The experiment was conducted in the Vushtria region on a 6-hectare blueberry orchard using a nested experimental design. The plants were planted at a distance of 1×3 meters, with a density of 3333 plants per hectare in 35-liter pots. The irrigation system used is spaghetti-shaped (4 spaghetti per pot), and the orchard is covered with an anti-hail system. ANOVA analysis revealed significant differences in the number of flowers, number of open flowers, leaf surface, number of fruit, total yield, and canopy volume. The obtained results indicate that the use of mycorrhiza positively affected the number of flowers, number of open flowers, and number of leaves, ultimately increasing yield and canopy volume compared to the use of algal biostimulants (NPK + TE). Additionally, treatment with chitosan at the beginning of the harvest extended the shelf life of fruits to 25 days, significantly longer than fruits treated with algal biostimulants (20 days) and in the control six days.
{"title":"Effect of Biostimulants on Vegetative and Productive Response of Duke Blueberry","authors":"L. Lepaja, Verina Krasniqi, V. Avdiu, Lindita Ibishi, K. Lepaja","doi":"10.12912/27197050/186666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/186666","url":null,"abstract":"This field experiment aimed to assess the effects of algal biostimulants (NPK + TE) and mycorrhiza on the vegetative and productive parameters of a blueberry orchard, as well as the shelf life of fruits at three different stages of harvest. Kosovo benefits from favorable agro-climatic conditions that support high-quality agricultural production. In response to the impact of climate change, the blueberry industry in Kosovo has increasingly adopted Algae bio-stimulants (NPK + TE) to adapt to changing climate conditions, enhance yields, and improve blueberry resilience against environmental stressors. The experiment was conducted in the Vushtria region on a 6-hectare blueberry orchard using a nested experimental design. The plants were planted at a distance of 1×3 meters, with a density of 3333 plants per hectare in 35-liter pots. The irrigation system used is spaghetti-shaped (4 spaghetti per pot), and the orchard is covered with an anti-hail system. ANOVA analysis revealed significant differences in the number of flowers, number of open flowers, leaf surface, number of fruit, total yield, and canopy volume. The obtained results indicate that the use of mycorrhiza positively affected the number of flowers, number of open flowers, and number of leaves, ultimately increasing yield and canopy volume compared to the use of algal biostimulants (NPK + TE). Additionally, treatment with chitosan at the beginning of the harvest extended the shelf life of fruits to 25 days, significantly longer than fruits treated with algal biostimulants (20 days) and in the control six days.","PeriodicalId":448145,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141230110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/184320
Ikram Mahcer, D. Baahmed, Cherifa Hanene Kamelia Chemirik, Rachid Nedjai
{"title":"Mapping Environmental Impacts in North-Western Algeria Through Multivariate Spatio-Temporal Analysis Using Remote Sensing and GIS","authors":"Ikram Mahcer, D. Baahmed, Cherifa Hanene Kamelia Chemirik, Rachid Nedjai","doi":"10.12912/27197050/184320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/184320","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":448145,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology","volume":"40 11‐12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141035637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/185710
Ya.Ya. Hryhoriv, Yevheniia Butenko, Victor Kabanets, Vasyl Filon, Lyudmyla Kriuchko, L. Bondarieva, Marina Mikulina, Yevhen Yevtushenko, Anton Polyvanyi, Vladyslav Kovalenko
The depletion of traditional energy sources and the increase in the cost of energy resources have a negative impact on the determination of the cost of production of agricultural and industrial products, which leads to a decrease in its competitiveness at the international level. Thus, the main task of the state is to ensure the efficient use of its own fuel and energy reserves and to diversify the sources and routes of supply of energy resources. Ukraine has all the necessary prerequisites for the widespread introduction and application of advanced technologies for growing and processing biomass and energy crops. The development of bioenergy technologies will help solve the problem of providing the country with energy resources, improve the environmental situation in the regions and help increase the employment of the local population. The fundamentals of growing less common energy crops are considered, the works of both domestic and foreign scientists are analysed, including the selection of the optimal place and soil, the establishment of optimal types of promising sparsely distributed energy crops, as raw materials for the energy sector of the state. Particular attention is paid to the need to improve the elements of technology in order to achieve a greater increase in biomass.
{"title":"Prospectives of Growing Energy Crops for the Production of Different Types of Biofuel","authors":"Ya.Ya. Hryhoriv, Yevheniia Butenko, Victor Kabanets, Vasyl Filon, Lyudmyla Kriuchko, L. Bondarieva, Marina Mikulina, Yevhen Yevtushenko, Anton Polyvanyi, Vladyslav Kovalenko","doi":"10.12912/27197050/185710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/185710","url":null,"abstract":"The depletion of traditional energy sources and the increase in the cost of energy resources have a negative impact on the determination of the cost of production of agricultural and industrial products, which leads to a decrease in its competitiveness at the international level. Thus, the main task of the state is to ensure the efficient use of its own fuel and energy reserves and to diversify the sources and routes of supply of energy resources. Ukraine has all the necessary prerequisites for the widespread introduction and application of advanced technologies for growing and processing biomass and energy crops. The development of bioenergy technologies will help solve the problem of providing the country with energy resources, improve the environmental situation in the regions and help increase the employment of the local population. The fundamentals of growing less common energy crops are considered, the works of both domestic and foreign scientists are analysed, including the selection of the optimal place and soil, the establishment of optimal types of promising sparsely distributed energy crops, as raw materials for the energy sector of the state. Particular attention is paid to the need to improve the elements of technology in order to achieve a greater increase in biomass.","PeriodicalId":448145,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141048288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/184253
I. M. O. G. Antara, I. W. Nuarsa, I. Sudarma, I. G. Hendrawan, Muhammad Reza Cordova
Marine litter is a major global problem; it originates on land and enters the ocean via rivers, coastal erosion, and extreme events. Over time, marine litter collects in coastal areas. As a result, the research on litter dispersal and buildup is critical for successful coastal area management. Addressing the knowledge gap is critical for establishing successful solutions to fight that problem. In recent years, a variety of remote sensing techniques have been used to better understand litter abundance, distribution patterns, and dynamics in marine as well as coastal eco-systems. Marine litter detection and quantification are carried out using aircraft-based imaging systems, satellite images, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The purpose of this study was to create a beach litter monitoring system or technical reference using a small UAV and geographic information system (GIS), with the test location at Batu Belig Beach, Badung Regency, Bali, Indonesia. The box-plot approach was used to determine the reflec - tance threshold on the orthophoto. GIS is used to determine the regions with and without litter based on the set threshold values. To verify the model, Slovin’s Formula was used to collect the sample, with a confusion matrix indicating an accuracy of 80%. This monitoring system provides a simple approach for identifying and measuring litter, even with only one person handling the entire operation. The outcomes of this analysis indicated that the majority of litter at the study location was made up of white plastic bags and styrofoam. As a last step, portraying litter abundance as a percentage per square meter was considered.
{"title":"Developing Beach Litter Monitoring System Based on Reflectance Characteristics and its Abundance","authors":"I. M. O. G. Antara, I. W. Nuarsa, I. Sudarma, I. G. Hendrawan, Muhammad Reza Cordova","doi":"10.12912/27197050/184253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/184253","url":null,"abstract":"Marine litter is a major global problem; it originates on land and enters the ocean via rivers, coastal erosion, and extreme events. Over time, marine litter collects in coastal areas. As a result, the research on litter dispersal and buildup is critical for successful coastal area management. Addressing the knowledge gap is critical for establishing successful solutions to fight that problem. In recent years, a variety of remote sensing techniques have been used to better understand litter abundance, distribution patterns, and dynamics in marine as well as coastal eco-systems. Marine litter detection and quantification are carried out using aircraft-based imaging systems, satellite images, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The purpose of this study was to create a beach litter monitoring system or technical reference using a small UAV and geographic information system (GIS), with the test location at Batu Belig Beach, Badung Regency, Bali, Indonesia. The box-plot approach was used to determine the reflec - tance threshold on the orthophoto. GIS is used to determine the regions with and without litter based on the set threshold values. To verify the model, Slovin’s Formula was used to collect the sample, with a confusion matrix indicating an accuracy of 80%. This monitoring system provides a simple approach for identifying and measuring litter, even with only one person handling the entire operation. The outcomes of this analysis indicated that the majority of litter at the study location was made up of white plastic bags and styrofoam. As a last step, portraying litter abundance as a percentage per square meter was considered.","PeriodicalId":448145,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology","volume":"17 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141055154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/184225
Soukaina Chellik, Youssef Dbiba, I. Mansouri, Wafae Squalli, Hamid Achiban, Abdelbari El Agy, L. Zidane
This study aimed to explore the diversity of natural landscapes, faunae, florae
这项研究的目的是探索自然景观、动物、花卉和植物的多样性。
{"title":"Characterization of Natural Ecosystems, Biodiversity, Socioeconomic and Infrastructures for Sustainable Tourism in the National Park of Tazekka in Taza Province (Morocco)","authors":"Soukaina Chellik, Youssef Dbiba, I. Mansouri, Wafae Squalli, Hamid Achiban, Abdelbari El Agy, L. Zidane","doi":"10.12912/27197050/184225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/184225","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to explore the diversity of natural landscapes, faunae, florae","PeriodicalId":448145,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141026529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/185170
Mohamad Efendi, Yusuf Hendrawan, L. C. Hawa, B. D. Argo
Convection heat collector technology is a promising technology for drying agricultural products. The study aimed to determine the temperature characteristics, energy efficiency, and thermal discharging of a flat plate-type collector using double-glazing technology integrated with heat storage material in the state of iron scraps in passive and ac - tive modes. Investigation was conducted for seven hours of exposure under the sun (08:00–15:00 local time). Ten temperature sensors and four humidity sensors were used during measurements to determine the thermal character - istics of the heat collector. The density of iron scraps as heat storage material is 250 kg/m 3 with an irradiation time of seven hours. The results indicate that the passive mode of operation has a higher temperature characteristics than the active mode. During irradiation process, the highest temperatures on the absorber in active and passive modes were 63 °C and 55 °C, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest temperatures on the TES in passive and active modes during irradiation were 55.6 °C and 50.6 °C, respectively. The energy efficiency of the collector ranges from 23.3–55.1% (passive) and 18.6–40.7% (active). The energy efficiency of the TES (Thermal Energy Storage) has a range of 7.4–22.7% (passive) and 7.4–13.0% (active). During discharging process, it shows that the TES in passive mode can store heat for 275 minutes and active mode for 95 minutes. Heat collectors that used double glazing technology and heat storage materials using iron scraps with a density of 250 kg/m 3 have a significant potential to extend the drying duration of agricultural products with limited exposure to sunlight and environmentally friendly heat collectors.
{"title":"Employing a Combination of a Double-Glazed Flat Solar Collector and Sensible Heat Storage for Drying Agricultural Products","authors":"Mohamad Efendi, Yusuf Hendrawan, L. C. Hawa, B. D. Argo","doi":"10.12912/27197050/185170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/185170","url":null,"abstract":"Convection heat collector technology is a promising technology for drying agricultural products. The study aimed to determine the temperature characteristics, energy efficiency, and thermal discharging of a flat plate-type collector using double-glazing technology integrated with heat storage material in the state of iron scraps in passive and ac - tive modes. Investigation was conducted for seven hours of exposure under the sun (08:00–15:00 local time). Ten temperature sensors and four humidity sensors were used during measurements to determine the thermal character - istics of the heat collector. The density of iron scraps as heat storage material is 250 kg/m 3 with an irradiation time of seven hours. The results indicate that the passive mode of operation has a higher temperature characteristics than the active mode. During irradiation process, the highest temperatures on the absorber in active and passive modes were 63 °C and 55 °C, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest temperatures on the TES in passive and active modes during irradiation were 55.6 °C and 50.6 °C, respectively. The energy efficiency of the collector ranges from 23.3–55.1% (passive) and 18.6–40.7% (active). The energy efficiency of the TES (Thermal Energy Storage) has a range of 7.4–22.7% (passive) and 7.4–13.0% (active). During discharging process, it shows that the TES in passive mode can store heat for 275 minutes and active mode for 95 minutes. Heat collectors that used double glazing technology and heat storage materials using iron scraps with a density of 250 kg/m 3 have a significant potential to extend the drying duration of agricultural products with limited exposure to sunlight and environmentally friendly heat collectors.","PeriodicalId":448145,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141035836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Macrophytes not only integrate environmental conditions but also reflect the trophic state of the aquatic environ - ment through several metrics. The lack of knowledge on the biology and ecology of aquatic plants in Moroccan rivers makes it very difficult to establish a comprehensive and effective national metric for assessing the trophic state of rivers. Indeed, the use of one of the European methods, which have been the subject of geographical inter-calibration projects across different countries, particularly those in the Mediterranean region, proves necessary. Given Morocco’s geographic location within the Mediterranean Basin, Macrophyte Biological Index for Rivers (IBMR) was chosen as a method to assess Moroccan running waters. Furthermore, it allowed answering a number of questions about the usage of biological metrics based on macrophytic communities throughout Morocco. The obtained results showed that the IBMR can provide an indication of the overall trophic state of the watercourse, but with well-defined conditions, namely stable hydrological conditions with a significant richness in contributing pollution-sensitive species. Although this macrophyte index showed correlations with the parameters responsible for eutrophication phenomena, it remained less effective in the face of the downgrading parameter. Thus, the particular context of Moroccan watercourses, namely the watercourses of the Upper Oum Er-rbia basin, and the major pitfall that still lies in the knowledge of the ecology of plant groups in Moroccan running waters, can pose a problem in the application of the IBMR index, especially with regard to ubiquitous species that dominate the downstream sites of the studied rivers.
{"title":"Exploring the Utility of Macrophyte Metrics for Evaluating the Quality of Rivers in Morocco: Insights from the Macrophyte Biological Index for Rivers","authors":"Ayoub Nouri, Soumaya Hammada, Khaffou Mhamed, Lahcen Chillasse","doi":"10.12912/27197050/185248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/185248","url":null,"abstract":"Macrophytes not only integrate environmental conditions but also reflect the trophic state of the aquatic environ - ment through several metrics. The lack of knowledge on the biology and ecology of aquatic plants in Moroccan rivers makes it very difficult to establish a comprehensive and effective national metric for assessing the trophic state of rivers. Indeed, the use of one of the European methods, which have been the subject of geographical inter-calibration projects across different countries, particularly those in the Mediterranean region, proves necessary. Given Morocco’s geographic location within the Mediterranean Basin, Macrophyte Biological Index for Rivers (IBMR) was chosen as a method to assess Moroccan running waters. Furthermore, it allowed answering a number of questions about the usage of biological metrics based on macrophytic communities throughout Morocco. The obtained results showed that the IBMR can provide an indication of the overall trophic state of the watercourse, but with well-defined conditions, namely stable hydrological conditions with a significant richness in contributing pollution-sensitive species. Although this macrophyte index showed correlations with the parameters responsible for eutrophication phenomena, it remained less effective in the face of the downgrading parameter. Thus, the particular context of Moroccan watercourses, namely the watercourses of the Upper Oum Er-rbia basin, and the major pitfall that still lies in the knowledge of the ecology of plant groups in Moroccan running waters, can pose a problem in the application of the IBMR index, especially with regard to ubiquitous species that dominate the downstream sites of the studied rivers.","PeriodicalId":448145,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141050980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/186376
El Mostafa Bouchafra, Rachida Bengriche, Mohammed Moncef
Variations in primary production in relation to selected physicochemical and biological parameters of the Oum Er Rbia River estuary were measured monthly from November 2018 to January 2020 at two stations using the clear and dark bottle method. Gross primary production (GPP) ranged from 9.28 to 467.07 mg C/m 3 /h; net primary production (NPP) ranged from 3.09 to 248.13 mg C/m 3 /h; and respiration (R) ranged from 4.03 to 262.73 mg C/m 3 /h. GPP, NPP and R are lowest in summer, increasing to peak in spring. In summer and winter, significantly positive correlations were observed between GPP and NPP on the one hand, and phaeopigments on the other. In summer, there is also a significant positive correlation between respiration and dissolved oxygen concentration. In winter, significant negative correlations were found between conductivity and salinity, on the one hand, and GPP, and in summer and winter, on the other, with NPP. Spatial and seasonal variations in productivity depend on the environmental and meteorological conditions at each station, including water temperature, salinity, conductivity, nutrient inputs and light availability.
{"title":"Assessment of Primary Production in an Estuarine Environment: The Case of the Oum Er Rbia Estuary (Atlantic Coast, Morocco)","authors":"El Mostafa Bouchafra, Rachida Bengriche, Mohammed Moncef","doi":"10.12912/27197050/186376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/186376","url":null,"abstract":"Variations in primary production in relation to selected physicochemical and biological parameters of the Oum Er Rbia River estuary were measured monthly from November 2018 to January 2020 at two stations using the clear and dark bottle method. Gross primary production (GPP) ranged from 9.28 to 467.07 mg C/m 3 /h; net primary production (NPP) ranged from 3.09 to 248.13 mg C/m 3 /h; and respiration (R) ranged from 4.03 to 262.73 mg C/m 3 /h. GPP, NPP and R are lowest in summer, increasing to peak in spring. In summer and winter, significantly positive correlations were observed between GPP and NPP on the one hand, and phaeopigments on the other. In summer, there is also a significant positive correlation between respiration and dissolved oxygen concentration. In winter, significant negative correlations were found between conductivity and salinity, on the one hand, and GPP, and in summer and winter, on the other, with NPP. Spatial and seasonal variations in productivity depend on the environmental and meteorological conditions at each station, including water temperature, salinity, conductivity, nutrient inputs and light availability.","PeriodicalId":448145,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology","volume":"35 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141046168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/185711
Aouatif Methal, Fatima Aslaou, H. Al-Aizari, Mostafa Doubi, Sadeq A.A. Al-Ali, Mohammed M.H. Ala-Awadhi, S. Belhamidi, Hamid Erramli
Water pollution has become a global concern, particularly due to the escalating demand for water. This study focuses on evaluating groundwater quality for irrigation purposes in the Sidi Allal Tazi region, Morocco, utiliz - ing the irrigation water quality index. Indices like total disolved solids, sodium percentage , Kelly’s ratio , and sodium adsorption ratio suggested that 22–66% of the samples were unsuitable for irrigation, whereas primality index, magnesium ratio, and residual sodium carbonate indices classified 91–100% of the wells as appropriate for irrigation in the Sidi Allal region. The values of irrigation water quality index, about, 29% of the wells were cat - egorized as having severe restrictions, 7% as high restrictions, 22.2% as moderate restrictions, and 42.2% as low restrictions for irrigation in study area, it indicating that more than half of the area has wells suitable for irrigation. These results suggest that the majority of wells in the Sidi Allal region is appropriate for irrigation purposes. This research further suggests implementing suitable di-chlorination, sodium reduction, and denitrification methods to enhance the quality of ground-water for irrigation use.
{"title":"Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation in the Sidi Allal Region Using Irrigation Water Quality Index","authors":"Aouatif Methal, Fatima Aslaou, H. Al-Aizari, Mostafa Doubi, Sadeq A.A. Al-Ali, Mohammed M.H. Ala-Awadhi, S. Belhamidi, Hamid Erramli","doi":"10.12912/27197050/185711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/185711","url":null,"abstract":"Water pollution has become a global concern, particularly due to the escalating demand for water. This study focuses on evaluating groundwater quality for irrigation purposes in the Sidi Allal Tazi region, Morocco, utiliz - ing the irrigation water quality index. Indices like total disolved solids, sodium percentage , Kelly’s ratio , and sodium adsorption ratio suggested that 22–66% of the samples were unsuitable for irrigation, whereas primality index, magnesium ratio, and residual sodium carbonate indices classified 91–100% of the wells as appropriate for irrigation in the Sidi Allal region. The values of irrigation water quality index, about, 29% of the wells were cat - egorized as having severe restrictions, 7% as high restrictions, 22.2% as moderate restrictions, and 42.2% as low restrictions for irrigation in study area, it indicating that more than half of the area has wells suitable for irrigation. These results suggest that the majority of wells in the Sidi Allal region is appropriate for irrigation purposes. This research further suggests implementing suitable di-chlorination, sodium reduction, and denitrification methods to enhance the quality of ground-water for irrigation use.","PeriodicalId":448145,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology","volume":"384 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141028433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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