Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/188191
El Aoufir Mohammed, Benabbou Mohamed, Benzougagh Brahim, Sassioui Slimane, El Asmi Hicham, El Kourchia Abdelfattah, Elabouyi Mustapha
The South Rifain ridges are an example of tectonic-sedimentation interaction in the Mio-Plio-Quaternary foreland basins at the front of the Rif chain. is an elongated mountain zone-oriented E-W and N-S, forming the most frontal part of the Rif belt. The morphotectonic study carried out in this area is based on Landsat-8 OLI image processing techniques to determine the contribution of these images to structural mapping. The results obtained reveal a predominant E-W orientation, which is widely present throughout the study area. This is followed by a second N-S direction, a third NW-SE direction, and a fourth NE-SW direction. The NW-SE lineaments are also mapped in ki - lometres. Their equivalent on the ground shows a sinister movement but does not show a significant horizontal dis - placement of more than a few metres. Together with the NE-SW faults, these faults form a conjugate system of dex - tral and sinistral faults, compatible with a palaeostress field where the maximum shortening stress is submeridian.
{"title":"Applying Remotely Sensed Imagery to Extract Geological Lineaments South Rifian Ridges, Morocco","authors":"El Aoufir Mohammed, Benabbou Mohamed, Benzougagh Brahim, Sassioui Slimane, El Asmi Hicham, El Kourchia Abdelfattah, Elabouyi Mustapha","doi":"10.12912/27197050/188191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/188191","url":null,"abstract":"The South Rifain ridges are an example of tectonic-sedimentation interaction in the Mio-Plio-Quaternary foreland basins at the front of the Rif chain. is an elongated mountain zone-oriented E-W and N-S, forming the most frontal part of the Rif belt. The morphotectonic study carried out in this area is based on Landsat-8 OLI image processing techniques to determine the contribution of these images to structural mapping. The results obtained reveal a predominant E-W orientation, which is widely present throughout the study area. This is followed by a second N-S direction, a third NW-SE direction, and a fourth NE-SW direction. The NW-SE lineaments are also mapped in ki - lometres. Their equivalent on the ground shows a sinister movement but does not show a significant horizontal dis - placement of more than a few metres. Together with the NE-SW faults, these faults form a conjugate system of dex - tral and sinistral faults, compatible with a palaeostress field where the maximum shortening stress is submeridian.","PeriodicalId":448145,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology","volume":"2018 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141706677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/188379
Rusul Idan Mohsin, M. J. AL-Amari, Hassanain Hataf Jaber
This study’s gaol is to ascertain the impact of diazinon about the condition of common carp, a significant fish spe - cies used for food in aquaculture ( Cyprinus carpio ). The LC50 of diazinon after 96 h was 9.5 mg/L in C. carpio (78.8 ± 5 g in weight). The fish were divided into six tanks as two treatments in order to ascertain the long-term effects of diazinon (three tanks per treatment). They were subjected to diazinon (2.37 mg/L; 25% LC50-96 h con - centration) and 0 (control) for 4 days, 14 days, and 28 days before blood biochemical assays were performed on samples taken. Dry-chemistry analyzer was used to determination the Liver Function enzyme, also SOD and CAT was estimated by use spectrophotometer. At day four and day fourteen, the plasma SOD activity of the diazinon-exposed fish did not significantly decrease in comparison to the control group; however, after day twenty-eight, the plasma SOD activity of the diazinon-exposed fish significantly increased in comparison to the control group. Diazinon exposure and control report a significant increase in serum CAT activity. Diazinon exposure increased significantly in serum ALT, AST and ALP activity compared to the control group.
{"title":"The Toxicity of Organophosphates Insecticide in Cyprinus Carpio and Effect on Antioxidant and Liver Function","authors":"Rusul Idan Mohsin, M. J. AL-Amari, Hassanain Hataf Jaber","doi":"10.12912/27197050/188379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/188379","url":null,"abstract":"This study’s gaol is to ascertain the impact of diazinon about the condition of common carp, a significant fish spe - cies used for food in aquaculture ( Cyprinus carpio ). The LC50 of diazinon after 96 h was 9.5 mg/L in C. carpio (78.8 ± 5 g in weight). The fish were divided into six tanks as two treatments in order to ascertain the long-term effects of diazinon (three tanks per treatment). They were subjected to diazinon (2.37 mg/L; 25% LC50-96 h con - centration) and 0 (control) for 4 days, 14 days, and 28 days before blood biochemical assays were performed on samples taken. Dry-chemistry analyzer was used to determination the Liver Function enzyme, also SOD and CAT was estimated by use spectrophotometer. At day four and day fourteen, the plasma SOD activity of the diazinon-exposed fish did not significantly decrease in comparison to the control group; however, after day twenty-eight, the plasma SOD activity of the diazinon-exposed fish significantly increased in comparison to the control group. Diazinon exposure and control report a significant increase in serum CAT activity. Diazinon exposure increased significantly in serum ALT, AST and ALP activity compared to the control group.","PeriodicalId":448145,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology","volume":"119 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141695029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, coupled with thermo-electric cooling, have gained significant attention as an eco-friendly solution. To enhance energy efficiency and reduce the overall environmental impact of energy generation and consumption, it is a viable option. This study investigates the impact of critical parameters, namely inclination angle of solar panels, the type of material used in thermo-electric cooling modules, on the performance of a solar PV-thermo electric cooling system. In this research, the impact of inclination angles (15°, 20°, 25°) and two materials (Bismuth telluride and Peltium telluride) of thermoelectric were considered for this study. A comprehensive series of experiments were conducted to analyze the impact of varying inclination angles of the solar panels and material of thermoelectric cooler. The average incident irradiation, panel temperature and outpower of solar panel variation with time are presented. The optimum tilt angle of the solar panel is observed as 20° and material for thermoelectric cooler is Bismuth telluride. When using Bismuth telluride as a thermoelectric material with 20° tilt angle, the solar panel’s temperature decreases by 14% and its outpower is augments by a maximum of 14.5%. The results presented here offer practical guidance for system design and operation, ultimately promoting the widespread adoption of this technology in a more environmentally conscious manner.
{"title":"Effect of Inclination and Thermoelectric Material on the Performance of Solar PV-Thermo Electric Cooling System","authors":"Sajja Ravi Babu, Shaik Ahammad Basha, Gnanasekaran Sasikumar, Prathipati Pradeep Kumar","doi":"10.12912/27197050/188599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/188599","url":null,"abstract":"Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, coupled with thermo-electric cooling, have gained significant attention as an eco-friendly solution. To enhance energy efficiency and reduce the overall environmental impact of energy generation and consumption, it is a viable option. This study investigates the impact of critical parameters, namely inclination angle of solar panels, the type of material used in thermo-electric cooling modules, on the performance of a solar PV-thermo electric cooling system. In this research, the impact of inclination angles (15°, 20°, 25°) and two materials (Bismuth telluride and Peltium telluride) of thermoelectric were considered for this study. A comprehensive series of experiments were conducted to analyze the impact of varying inclination angles of the solar panels and material of thermoelectric cooler. The average incident irradiation, panel temperature and outpower of solar panel variation with time are presented. The optimum tilt angle of the solar panel is observed as 20° and material for thermoelectric cooler is Bismuth telluride. When using Bismuth telluride as a thermoelectric material with 20° tilt angle, the solar panel’s temperature decreases by 14% and its outpower is augments by a maximum of 14.5%. The results presented here offer practical guidance for system design and operation, ultimately promoting the widespread adoption of this technology in a more environmentally conscious manner.","PeriodicalId":448145,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology","volume":"22 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141715724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/188549
Viktor Smyrnov, O. Mitryasova, Ivan Salamon, A. Mats, Vadym Chvyr
The study is dedicated the dynamics of groundwater quality in the Mykolaiv region (Ukraine) during the period from 2021 to 2024. It was determined that the concentration of chlorides, sulfates and mineralization in water in 2022 increased by 2–3 times (1190 mg/dm 3 ) compared to 2021 (453 mg/dm 3 ), which is due to the use of sea water in the central water supply and the consequences of a man-made disaster that arose under the influence of military operations. Trends in changes in water quality depending on the season and the influence of various factors on the geochemical composition of underground water resources are analyzed. The results obtained indicate a change in groundwater quality. According to the water quality classification according to the water pollution index (WPI), the observed trend indicates a transition from water of quality class II, characterized as “clean water”, to water of quality class III, which reflects a moderate level of pollution.
{"title":"Analysis of Trends and Impacts of Anthropogenic Factors on Groundwater Quality","authors":"Viktor Smyrnov, O. Mitryasova, Ivan Salamon, A. Mats, Vadym Chvyr","doi":"10.12912/27197050/188549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/188549","url":null,"abstract":"The study is dedicated the dynamics of groundwater quality in the Mykolaiv region (Ukraine) during the period from 2021 to 2024. It was determined that the concentration of chlorides, sulfates and mineralization in water in 2022 increased by 2–3 times (1190 mg/dm 3 ) compared to 2021 (453 mg/dm 3 ), which is due to the use of sea water in the central water supply and the consequences of a man-made disaster that arose under the influence of military operations. Trends in changes in water quality depending on the season and the influence of various factors on the geochemical composition of underground water resources are analyzed. The results obtained indicate a change in groundwater quality. According to the water quality classification according to the water pollution index (WPI), the observed trend indicates a transition from water of quality class II, characterized as “clean water”, to water of quality class III, which reflects a moderate level of pollution.","PeriodicalId":448145,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology","volume":"53 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141689916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/188009
Abdulghafor Mohammed Hashim Alhadithie, Ramzi Raphael Ibraheem Barwari
The extensive use of fossil fuels contributes to global warming and the release of toxic metals into the environ - ment, resulting in climate change in some regions. It has been estimated that cooling buildings accounts for about 20% of global electricity consumption and this figure continues to grow. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the feasibility of using an air conditioning unit for cooling a residential building, powered by solar energy in the conditions of Iraqi Kurdistan. Such an assessment is required for the sustainable development of the region. The study location is Erbil city in Iraq (latitude: 36.1911 °N, longitude: 44.00917 °E). The PVsyst software tool was used for modeling because it is characterized by great versatility in the field of modeling solar energy systems. The specified solar panel power (kW) was a constant parameter. Variable parameters were height of solar panels, albedo reflector, tracker system. In the current study, three simulations were performed in which the variable parameter was height and four simulations in which the variable parameter was the solar panel› angle. An average of 3.5 kWh was produced throughout the day, and an average of 3.3 kWh was produced during working hours. Only 0.2 kWh was produced outside of working hours, meaning that almost all of the electricity produced is available during working hours. This is useful in countries without high feed-in tariffs where only a small feed into the grid is needed. Also with the lowest calculated values (of all the options under study) the energy produced is 2264 kW/h/year or 2.264 MW/h/year (month – January, panel installation height – 0.5 m, inclination – 20°, azimuth – 0°), greenhouse gas emissions of at least 604.3 kg CO 2 per year are eliminated. At the same time, an additional measure to increase the efficiency of using a solar panel to power an air conditioner is to place reflective material in which the reflection rate or reflection coefficient is different under the solar panels. However, as men - tioned earlier, this is an expensive solution. In the future, it will be beneficial to develop smart control technologies to improve performance and evaluate the impact of a solar air conditioning.
{"title":"Investigation into the Feasibility of Using Solar-Powered Household Air Conditioner in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq","authors":"Abdulghafor Mohammed Hashim Alhadithie, Ramzi Raphael Ibraheem Barwari","doi":"10.12912/27197050/188009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/188009","url":null,"abstract":"The extensive use of fossil fuels contributes to global warming and the release of toxic metals into the environ - ment, resulting in climate change in some regions. It has been estimated that cooling buildings accounts for about 20% of global electricity consumption and this figure continues to grow. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the feasibility of using an air conditioning unit for cooling a residential building, powered by solar energy in the conditions of Iraqi Kurdistan. Such an assessment is required for the sustainable development of the region. The study location is Erbil city in Iraq (latitude: 36.1911 °N, longitude: 44.00917 °E). The PVsyst software tool was used for modeling because it is characterized by great versatility in the field of modeling solar energy systems. The specified solar panel power (kW) was a constant parameter. Variable parameters were height of solar panels, albedo reflector, tracker system. In the current study, three simulations were performed in which the variable parameter was height and four simulations in which the variable parameter was the solar panel› angle. An average of 3.5 kWh was produced throughout the day, and an average of 3.3 kWh was produced during working hours. Only 0.2 kWh was produced outside of working hours, meaning that almost all of the electricity produced is available during working hours. This is useful in countries without high feed-in tariffs where only a small feed into the grid is needed. Also with the lowest calculated values (of all the options under study) the energy produced is 2264 kW/h/year or 2.264 MW/h/year (month – January, panel installation height – 0.5 m, inclination – 20°, azimuth – 0°), greenhouse gas emissions of at least 604.3 kg CO 2 per year are eliminated. At the same time, an additional measure to increase the efficiency of using a solar panel to power an air conditioner is to place reflective material in which the reflection rate or reflection coefficient is different under the solar panels. However, as men - tioned earlier, this is an expensive solution. In the future, it will be beneficial to develop smart control technologies to improve performance and evaluate the impact of a solar air conditioning.","PeriodicalId":448145,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology","volume":"27 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141690155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/188872
A. Ardiaristo, L. B. Prasetyo, L. Syaufina, N. Kosmaryandi
Conservation areas protect biodiversity and ecosystems from human activities and climate change threats. Understanding disturbances that can damage conservation areas drives the need for effective mapping and monitoring. One of the primary disturbances is land cover change caused by forest fires, illegal logging, and other human activities. In this context, remote sensing algorithms such as LandTrendr offer an efficient approach to monitoring vegetation changes and disturbances in conservation areas. This study aims to monitor vegetation changes and disturbances in Gunung Merbabu National Park using the LandTrendr algorithm. Landsat image data from 1994 to 2023 was analyzed using Google Earth Engine. The results showed that the LandTrendr algorithm effectively identified vegetation changes, with forest fires being the primary disturbance. During 1994–2022, total vegetation loss and gain were detected at 933.57 ha and 2279.52 ha, respectively. The results highlight significant changes in the core zone of Gunung Merbabu National Park, mainly due to fires and logging activities. These findings provide a better understanding of the dynamics of vegetation change in Gunung Merbabu National Park and provide relevant insights for conservation area managers to implement appropriate mitigation measures. This research contributes to the literature on monitoring vegetation changes in conservation areas and provides a basis for more effective conservation efforts in Gunung Merbabu National Park and similar areas.
{"title":"Monitoring Vegetation Changes and Disturbances in Gunung Merbabu National Park Using Landtrendr Algorithm and Landsat Images","authors":"A. Ardiaristo, L. B. Prasetyo, L. Syaufina, N. Kosmaryandi","doi":"10.12912/27197050/188872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/188872","url":null,"abstract":"Conservation areas protect biodiversity and ecosystems from human activities and climate change threats. Understanding disturbances that can damage conservation areas drives the need for effective mapping and monitoring. One of the primary disturbances is land cover change caused by forest fires, illegal logging, and other human activities. In this context, remote sensing algorithms such as LandTrendr offer an efficient approach to monitoring vegetation changes and disturbances in conservation areas. This study aims to monitor vegetation changes and disturbances in Gunung Merbabu National Park using the LandTrendr algorithm. Landsat image data from 1994 to 2023 was analyzed using Google Earth Engine. The results showed that the LandTrendr algorithm effectively identified vegetation changes, with forest fires being the primary disturbance. During 1994–2022, total vegetation loss and gain were detected at 933.57 ha and 2279.52 ha, respectively. The results highlight significant changes in the core zone of Gunung Merbabu National Park, mainly due to fires and logging activities. These findings provide a better understanding of the dynamics of vegetation change in Gunung Merbabu National Park and provide relevant insights for conservation area managers to implement appropriate mitigation measures. This research contributes to the literature on monitoring vegetation changes in conservation areas and provides a basis for more effective conservation efforts in Gunung Merbabu National Park and similar areas.","PeriodicalId":448145,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141706353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/188713
R. Ghibate, Meryem Kerrou, Mohammed Chrachmy, Meryem Ben Baaziz, R. Taouil, Omar Senhaji
The primary focus of the current investigation was to assess the removal of Rhodamine B dye (RhB) from aqueous solutions using pomegranate peel as a green adsorbent. The chemical and morphological characterization of pome-granate peel was conducted through ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and SEM microscopy. The study also investigated various reactional parameters, kinetic, and adsorption isotherm in a batch system. The results revealed that RhB adsorption reaches equilibrium in about 2 hours, with an adsorption capacity of 19.41 mg/g observed at a 50 mg/L of initial RhB concentration. To model the kinetic of RhB adsorption, two well-known models (pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order) were applied. The pseudo-second-order model yielded a superior fit for the kinetic data, as evidenced by analyses of R 2 , RMSE, ARE, and χ² values. Additionally, the findings suggest that the adsorp - tion process is not solely governed by intraparticle diffusion. Furthermore, isotherm analysis revealed that the Langmuir model offered a more accurate fit to the equilibrium data, estimating the maximum removal capacity to be 47.17 mg/g. These findings suggest that pomegranate peel offers a promisingly eco-friendly and cost-effective solution for sustainable remediation of textile dyeing effluents.
当前研究的主要重点是评估使用石榴皮作为绿色吸附剂从水溶液中去除罗丹明 B 染料（RhB）的效果。通过 ATR-FTIR 光谱和 SEM 显微镜对石榴皮进行了化学和形态表征。研究还调查了批处理系统中的各种反应参数、动力学和吸附等温线。结果表明，RhB 吸附在约 2 小时内达到平衡，在初始 RhB 浓度为 50 毫克/升时，吸附容量为 19.41 毫克/克。为了建立 RhB 吸附动力学模型，应用了两种著名的模型（假一阶和假二阶）。从 R 2、RMSE、ARE 和 χ² 值的分析中可以看出，伪二阶模型对动力学数据的拟合效果更好。此外，研究结果表明，吸附过程并不完全受颗粒内扩散的支配。此外，等温线分析表明，Langmuir 模型能更准确地拟合平衡数据，估计最大去除能力为 47.17 毫克/克。这些研究结果表明，石榴皮为纺织印染废水的可持续修复提供了一种生态友好且经济高效的解决方案。
{"title":"Utilizing Agricultural Waste for Sustainable Remediation of Textile Dyeing Effluents","authors":"R. Ghibate, Meryem Kerrou, Mohammed Chrachmy, Meryem Ben Baaziz, R. Taouil, Omar Senhaji","doi":"10.12912/27197050/188713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/188713","url":null,"abstract":"The primary focus of the current investigation was to assess the removal of Rhodamine B dye (RhB) from aqueous solutions using pomegranate peel as a green adsorbent. The chemical and morphological characterization of pome-granate peel was conducted through ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and SEM microscopy. The study also investigated various reactional parameters, kinetic, and adsorption isotherm in a batch system. The results revealed that RhB adsorption reaches equilibrium in about 2 hours, with an adsorption capacity of 19.41 mg/g observed at a 50 mg/L of initial RhB concentration. To model the kinetic of RhB adsorption, two well-known models (pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order) were applied. The pseudo-second-order model yielded a superior fit for the kinetic data, as evidenced by analyses of R 2 , RMSE, ARE, and χ² values. Additionally, the findings suggest that the adsorp - tion process is not solely governed by intraparticle diffusion. Furthermore, isotherm analysis revealed that the Langmuir model offered a more accurate fit to the equilibrium data, estimating the maximum removal capacity to be 47.17 mg/g. These findings suggest that pomegranate peel offers a promisingly eco-friendly and cost-effective solution for sustainable remediation of textile dyeing effluents.","PeriodicalId":448145,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141694384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/187925
R. Rismawati, Paulina Taba, Fahruddin Fahruddin
The increase in styrofoam waste can cause environmental pollution, therefore efforts are required to reduce the use of styrofoam. One of them is by replacing it with biofoam made from agricultural industry waste such as bagasse because if this garbage is not used, it may cause environmental issues. Bagasse has a potential to be utilized as biofoam. This research aims to extract cellulose from bagasse through delignification and bleaching processes, as well as synthesize and characterize biofoam using cellulose from bagasse with the addition of chitosan variations of 2, 3.5, 5, and 6.5 g. The stages of this research are the extraction of cellulose from bagasse waste with FTIR and XRD analysis, making biofoam and biofoam characterization tests. The results of cellulose extraction from bagasse are O-H, C-H and C-O functional groups that indicate the presence of cellulose. In XRD analysis, the cel - lulose sample has a crystallinity index of 70.74%. Biofoam based on sugarcane bagasse cellulose with the addition of 2 g chitosan has the best characterization, which has a density of 1.23 g/mL, with a water absorption value of 46.03% at 24 hours immersion and biodegradability of 20.68% for 28 days.
{"title":"Study and Characterization of Biofoam from Bagasse (Saccharum officinarum L.) with Chitosan Addition","authors":"R. Rismawati, Paulina Taba, Fahruddin Fahruddin","doi":"10.12912/27197050/187925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/187925","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in styrofoam waste can cause environmental pollution, therefore efforts are required to reduce the use of styrofoam. One of them is by replacing it with biofoam made from agricultural industry waste such as bagasse because if this garbage is not used, it may cause environmental issues. Bagasse has a potential to be utilized as biofoam. This research aims to extract cellulose from bagasse through delignification and bleaching processes, as well as synthesize and characterize biofoam using cellulose from bagasse with the addition of chitosan variations of 2, 3.5, 5, and 6.5 g. The stages of this research are the extraction of cellulose from bagasse waste with FTIR and XRD analysis, making biofoam and biofoam characterization tests. The results of cellulose extraction from bagasse are O-H, C-H and C-O functional groups that indicate the presence of cellulose. In XRD analysis, the cel - lulose sample has a crystallinity index of 70.74%. Biofoam based on sugarcane bagasse cellulose with the addition of 2 g chitosan has the best characterization, which has a density of 1.23 g/mL, with a water absorption value of 46.03% at 24 hours immersion and biodegradability of 20.68% for 28 days.","PeriodicalId":448145,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141710024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/188389
Robert Silaban, J. Simanjuntak, B. Tambunan, Agus Nopiar Putra
This research examined the influence of pyrolysis temperature on a large-size feedstock of coconut shell waste for producing biochar and liquid smoke using slow pyrolysis. The temperature used was varied between 250 °C to 450 °C at a constant heating rate of 10 °C/min and at a holding time of about 120 minutes. Gravimetry, spectro, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods are used to identify the liquid smoke for density, phenol, and acetic acid content respectively. The results indicated that increased pyrolysis temperatures caused a reduced biochar yield. However, the liquid smoke yield was found to increase with the temperature. The obtained liquid smoke has a density of 1.054 g/mL and has a content of phenol of about 4717.91 mg GAE/100 mg, and acetic acid of 11.36%. Results inferred that the liquid smoke can be generated from a large size of coconut shell through pyrolysis at medium temperature.
这项研究考察了热解温度对大型椰壳废料的影响，椰壳废料可利用慢速热解生产生物炭和液态烟雾。所用温度在 250 °C 至 450 °C 之间变化，加热速度恒定为 10 °C/分钟，保温时间约为 120 分钟。采用重量测量法、光谱法和高效液相色谱法分别对液体烟雾的密度、苯酚和乙酸含量进行鉴定。结果表明，热解温度升高会导致生物炭产量降低。然而，液体烟雾的产量却随着温度的升高而增加。获得的液态烟密度为 1.054 克/毫升，苯酚含量约为 4717.91 毫克 GAE/100 毫克，乙酸含量为 11.36%。结果推断，在中温条件下热解大尺寸椰子壳可产生液态烟雾。
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Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/187893
Alyaa Matai Hamed, A. Abojassim
The study discussed the change in the amounts of rainfall falling on two governorates of Iraq, one in the north and the other in the south, differing in topographic elevation. The descriptive analytical approach, drawing inferential maps
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