Pub Date : 2022-09-20DOI: 10.1108/ijbpa-02-2022-0030
Ankit Kumar, Rachna Khare, S. Sankat, Pratyoosh Madhavi
PurposeThe statistics show that older adults have been major fire victims in high-rise buildings. However, the fire safety building codes in most countries are not inclusive and do not reflect provisions for older adults. The research aims to develop a fire risk assessment index system for older adults living in high-rise residential buildings in India. The study further develops a fire rating system to improve fire safety provisions in high-rise buildings in India.Design/methodology/approachThe paper employs Delphi, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive risk evaluation techniques. It considers 18 in-depth interviews and group discussions with builders, developers, architects, policymakers, and fire safety experts and consultants to develop a fire risk assessment system for older occupants living in high-rise residential buildings in India.FindingsThe fire protection systems and fire management systems are not as per the needs of older adults. The egress system components need improvisation considering the challenges of older adults.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited to older adults living in high-rise residential buildings in the capital city of Gujarat, Ahmedabad.Practical implicationsThis study will assist policymakers in developing fire safety standards that are targeted to the needs of older persons living in high-rise residential buildings during a fire evacuation.Originality/valueWhile several approaches for measuring fire risk in high-rise residential buildings exist, no such system has been developed specifically for older adults in India.
{"title":"Fire safety assessment for older adults in high-rise residential buildings in India: a comprehensive study","authors":"Ankit Kumar, Rachna Khare, S. Sankat, Pratyoosh Madhavi","doi":"10.1108/ijbpa-02-2022-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijbpa-02-2022-0030","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThe statistics show that older adults have been major fire victims in high-rise buildings. However, the fire safety building codes in most countries are not inclusive and do not reflect provisions for older adults. The research aims to develop a fire risk assessment index system for older adults living in high-rise residential buildings in India. The study further develops a fire rating system to improve fire safety provisions in high-rise buildings in India.Design/methodology/approachThe paper employs Delphi, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive risk evaluation techniques. It considers 18 in-depth interviews and group discussions with builders, developers, architects, policymakers, and fire safety experts and consultants to develop a fire risk assessment system for older occupants living in high-rise residential buildings in India.FindingsThe fire protection systems and fire management systems are not as per the needs of older adults. The egress system components need improvisation considering the challenges of older adults.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited to older adults living in high-rise residential buildings in the capital city of Gujarat, Ahmedabad.Practical implicationsThis study will assist policymakers in developing fire safety standards that are targeted to the needs of older persons living in high-rise residential buildings during a fire evacuation.Originality/valueWhile several approaches for measuring fire risk in high-rise residential buildings exist, no such system has been developed specifically for older adults in India.","PeriodicalId":44905,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43471185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-19DOI: 10.1108/ijbpa-09-2021-0118
Pari Alavi, Hooman Sobouti, M. Shahbazi
PurposeThe current study evaluates the success of this project at the local scale by examining the degree of compliance with local sustainability indicators after the revival of the Zanjan Match Factory. Hence, the purpose of this article is to evaluate the prosperity of the Zanjan match factory monument restoration project in achieving local sustainability. The study intention of prosperity implies any action, achievement or positive outcome that contributes to informed decision-making and leads to sustainable neighborhood development.Design/methodology/approachThe current research is applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical, and survey-field in terms of method. The criteria evaluated in this research include criteria as follows: (1) evaluation of protection and preservation of the building, (2) success of the new function and (3) sustainable local development, which are defined items for each criterion. The questions of the questionnaire are prepared according to the Likert 5 points spectrum, the value of which is answered between 1 and 5 and the hierarchy goes from “very good” to “very poor”. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient obtained for the validity of the questionnaire questions is 0.85, which indicates the appropriate validity of the questionnaire questions.FindingsThe study findings indicate that the applied criteria are at an acceptable level since the criterion of sustainable local development and architecture have obtained the scores of 4 and the new function criterion scores of 3. Field surveys and observations of changes made in the neighborhood including the construction of a thoroughfare, commercial complex, service complex and local parks verify the validity of the findings. The results of the proposed study indicate that adaptive reuse projects should not be taken into account as individual projects since an individual building can be a catalyst for the restoration of other buildings and contribute to the transformation of the whole area by affecting the surrounding environment.Originality/valueAdaptive reuse of building assets is an important approach to sustainability that can be utilized in conserving and preserving industrial heritage buildings was described in this paper. An adaptive reuse project follows three aims of cultural and historical heritage conservation, the success of the new performance and the development of local communities and a successful project appropriately balances these three goals.
{"title":"Adaptive re-use of industrial heritage and its role in achieving local sustainability","authors":"Pari Alavi, Hooman Sobouti, M. Shahbazi","doi":"10.1108/ijbpa-09-2021-0118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijbpa-09-2021-0118","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThe current study evaluates the success of this project at the local scale by examining the degree of compliance with local sustainability indicators after the revival of the Zanjan Match Factory. Hence, the purpose of this article is to evaluate the prosperity of the Zanjan match factory monument restoration project in achieving local sustainability. The study intention of prosperity implies any action, achievement or positive outcome that contributes to informed decision-making and leads to sustainable neighborhood development.Design/methodology/approachThe current research is applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical, and survey-field in terms of method. The criteria evaluated in this research include criteria as follows: (1) evaluation of protection and preservation of the building, (2) success of the new function and (3) sustainable local development, which are defined items for each criterion. The questions of the questionnaire are prepared according to the Likert 5 points spectrum, the value of which is answered between 1 and 5 and the hierarchy goes from “very good” to “very poor”. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient obtained for the validity of the questionnaire questions is 0.85, which indicates the appropriate validity of the questionnaire questions.FindingsThe study findings indicate that the applied criteria are at an acceptable level since the criterion of sustainable local development and architecture have obtained the scores of 4 and the new function criterion scores of 3. Field surveys and observations of changes made in the neighborhood including the construction of a thoroughfare, commercial complex, service complex and local parks verify the validity of the findings. The results of the proposed study indicate that adaptive reuse projects should not be taken into account as individual projects since an individual building can be a catalyst for the restoration of other buildings and contribute to the transformation of the whole area by affecting the surrounding environment.Originality/valueAdaptive reuse of building assets is an important approach to sustainability that can be utilized in conserving and preserving industrial heritage buildings was described in this paper. An adaptive reuse project follows three aims of cultural and historical heritage conservation, the success of the new performance and the development of local communities and a successful project appropriately balances these three goals.","PeriodicalId":44905,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46571915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-19DOI: 10.1108/ijbpa-03-2022-0041
Dilruba Yağmur Ertemir, E. Edis
PurposeRegular inspection and maintenance is recommended to preserve and sustain built cultural heritage. Systematising inspection processes and knowledge on defects, and providing pictorial guides for evaluating defects is an approach that may facilitate their condition survey. Generating pictorial guides for preliminary visual inspection of Modern Heritage buildings with rendered-painted facade concerning two defects (i.e. crack and efflorescence) is aimed in this study. These guides are thought as aids in determining the defect levels and deciding the necessity of advanced examination and/or maintenance. Analysing briefly the evolution of crack over time in the inspected buildings under environmental conditions of Istanbul (Turkey) is also aimed.Design/methodology/approachPreliminary guide generation was based mainly on literature survey on defects, and visual data collection from eight Modern Movement examples in Istanbul. The guides were then refined through systematic visual inspection of three buildings among them. Evolution of crack over time was analysed through a second inspection performed after 2.5 years.FindingsVisual inspections showed that crack is the commonest defect occurring mostly on projecting structural members, while efflorescence is less in number. Comparison of cracks' visuals taken in the first and second inspections showed that deterioration process is slow.Originality/valueModern heritage buildings usually have some characteristic features, which may sometimes lead to accumulation of defects at certain locations or may lead to formation of certain defects. Generating visual guides as a start for an initiative for a comprehensive defects catalogue particular for Modern Movement buildings in line with associated cultural heritage standards may contribute to their preservation by easing the condition surveys.
{"title":"Sustaining modern heritage buildings: visual defect categorisation guides for the general condition survey of rendered-painted facades","authors":"Dilruba Yağmur Ertemir, E. Edis","doi":"10.1108/ijbpa-03-2022-0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijbpa-03-2022-0041","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeRegular inspection and maintenance is recommended to preserve and sustain built cultural heritage. Systematising inspection processes and knowledge on defects, and providing pictorial guides for evaluating defects is an approach that may facilitate their condition survey. Generating pictorial guides for preliminary visual inspection of Modern Heritage buildings with rendered-painted facade concerning two defects (i.e. crack and efflorescence) is aimed in this study. These guides are thought as aids in determining the defect levels and deciding the necessity of advanced examination and/or maintenance. Analysing briefly the evolution of crack over time in the inspected buildings under environmental conditions of Istanbul (Turkey) is also aimed.Design/methodology/approachPreliminary guide generation was based mainly on literature survey on defects, and visual data collection from eight Modern Movement examples in Istanbul. The guides were then refined through systematic visual inspection of three buildings among them. Evolution of crack over time was analysed through a second inspection performed after 2.5 years.FindingsVisual inspections showed that crack is the commonest defect occurring mostly on projecting structural members, while efflorescence is less in number. Comparison of cracks' visuals taken in the first and second inspections showed that deterioration process is slow.Originality/valueModern heritage buildings usually have some characteristic features, which may sometimes lead to accumulation of defects at certain locations or may lead to formation of certain defects. Generating visual guides as a start for an initiative for a comprehensive defects catalogue particular for Modern Movement buildings in line with associated cultural heritage standards may contribute to their preservation by easing the condition surveys.","PeriodicalId":44905,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44624815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-09DOI: 10.1108/ijbpa-11-2021-0158
Madalena Ventura, Ilídio S. Dias, I. Flores-Colen, Ana Silva
PurposeThis research proposes the study of the pathology in floor finishes, focussing on proactive maintenance strategies to promote the durability of these elements. A model to assess the floorings' performance levels was designed to support decision-making regarding maintenance activities to be carried out, in order to prevent the defects and extend the floors' service life.Design/methodology/approachThe model to measure the floorings' level of performance was developed based on the literature and applied in fieldwork, focussed on visual inspections of floor finishes. Photographs were taken and standardized inspection forms were used to collect the data about the defects in the floors.FindingsThis study provides a simple classification model to assess floorings' performance levels, capable to define priorities and help decision-makers in adopting maintenance activities. The model was validated through a case study, which showed that occasionally the choice of the floor finishes is incorrectly made only based on aesthetic criteria and not taking into account the main criteria, i.e. the use of space.Originality/valueThis work contributes to a development of methodologies to assess floorings' performance levels, to study the behavior of different floor finishes, to propose maintenance strategies to improve their performance in service and adopt better solutions in the buildings' design phase.
{"title":"Pathology and proactive maintenance of floor finishes","authors":"Madalena Ventura, Ilídio S. Dias, I. Flores-Colen, Ana Silva","doi":"10.1108/ijbpa-11-2021-0158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijbpa-11-2021-0158","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThis research proposes the study of the pathology in floor finishes, focussing on proactive maintenance strategies to promote the durability of these elements. A model to assess the floorings' performance levels was designed to support decision-making regarding maintenance activities to be carried out, in order to prevent the defects and extend the floors' service life.Design/methodology/approachThe model to measure the floorings' level of performance was developed based on the literature and applied in fieldwork, focussed on visual inspections of floor finishes. Photographs were taken and standardized inspection forms were used to collect the data about the defects in the floors.FindingsThis study provides a simple classification model to assess floorings' performance levels, capable to define priorities and help decision-makers in adopting maintenance activities. The model was validated through a case study, which showed that occasionally the choice of the floor finishes is incorrectly made only based on aesthetic criteria and not taking into account the main criteria, i.e. the use of space.Originality/valueThis work contributes to a development of methodologies to assess floorings' performance levels, to study the behavior of different floor finishes, to propose maintenance strategies to improve their performance in service and adopt better solutions in the buildings' design phase.","PeriodicalId":44905,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46284805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-09DOI: 10.1108/ijbpa-04-2022-0065
I. Osuizugbo, O. Adenuga
PurposeThis study aimed at determining the decisive factors for achieving sustainable procurement in construction projects.Design/methodology/approachQuestionnaire survey of principal stakeholders involved in construction project delivery within client, consulting and contracting organisations in Nigeria were conducted to assess stakeholders' perspectives on the decisive factors for achieving sustainable procurement in construction projects using importance weights. A total of 243 questionnaires were distributed and a response rate of 51% (123 questionnaires were adequately filled and returned) was achieved. Descriptive and inferential statistics were utilised in analysing elicited data.FindingsThe results from data analysis showed that “satisfaction – including workforce satisfaction and user satisfaction”, “value for money” and “creating a healthy, nontoxic environment – including high indoor air quality” were the top most three decisive factors for achieving sustainable procurement in construction projects in Nigeria.Originality/valueAn understanding of these decisive factors can help principal stakeholders in the construction industry of developing countries to facilitate the development of methods required in supporting the adoption of sustainable procurement practice.
{"title":"Decisive factors for decision-making to achieving sustainable procurement in construction projects","authors":"I. Osuizugbo, O. Adenuga","doi":"10.1108/ijbpa-04-2022-0065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijbpa-04-2022-0065","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThis study aimed at determining the decisive factors for achieving sustainable procurement in construction projects.Design/methodology/approachQuestionnaire survey of principal stakeholders involved in construction project delivery within client, consulting and contracting organisations in Nigeria were conducted to assess stakeholders' perspectives on the decisive factors for achieving sustainable procurement in construction projects using importance weights. A total of 243 questionnaires were distributed and a response rate of 51% (123 questionnaires were adequately filled and returned) was achieved. Descriptive and inferential statistics were utilised in analysing elicited data.FindingsThe results from data analysis showed that “satisfaction – including workforce satisfaction and user satisfaction”, “value for money” and “creating a healthy, nontoxic environment – including high indoor air quality” were the top most three decisive factors for achieving sustainable procurement in construction projects in Nigeria.Originality/valueAn understanding of these decisive factors can help principal stakeholders in the construction industry of developing countries to facilitate the development of methods required in supporting the adoption of sustainable procurement practice.","PeriodicalId":44905,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47878703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-07DOI: 10.1108/ijbpa-04-2022-0062
Andrew Ebekozien, C. Aigbavboa, John Aliu
PurposeResearch reveals that the built environment graduates are not matching the needs of the 21st century construction industry. Evidence shows that the built environment academics (BEA) struggle to reskill and upskill to meet the industry's demand. Studies about Nigeria's BEA's perceived barriers in meeting the 21st-century industry demands are scarce. Thus, the paper investigated the perceived barriers and measures to improve BEA in Nigeria's 21st-century world of teaching. The outcome intends to enhance teaching practices and increase employability in the built environment disciplines.Design/methodology/approachData were sourced from elite virtual interviews across Nigeria. The participants were well informed about Nigeria's built environment education and the possible barriers hindering 21st-century teaching from improving employable graduates in the built environment professionals (BEP). The researchers adopted a thematic analysis for the collected data and supplemented the data with secondary sources.FindingsThe study shows that BEA needs to improve BEA's teaching mechanism. Improving BEA will enable the built environment graduates to meet the minimum standards expected by the 21st-century industry. Findings categorised the perceived 22 barriers facing BEA into internal stakeholders-related barriers, external stakeholders-related barriers, and common barriers. Also, findings proffered practicable measures to improve BEA in the workplace via improved industry collaboration and technological advancement.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is restricted to the perceived barriers and measures to improve BEA in 21st-century teaching in Nigeria via a qualitative research design. Future research should validate the results and test the paper's proposed framework.Practical implicationsThe paper confirms that the BEA requires stakeholder collaboration and technological advancement measures to improve teaching in the 21st century, leading to enhanced employability graduates. The paper would stir major stakeholders, especially BEA, and advance the quality of employable graduates in the Nigerian built environment professions.Originality/valueThe thematic network and proposed framework could be employed to stimulate Nigeria's BEA for better service delivery. This intends to create an enabling environment that will enhance stakeholders' collaboration and technological advancement for the BEA to produce better employable graduates in the 21st century.
{"title":"Built environment academics for 21st-century world of teaching: stakeholders' perspective","authors":"Andrew Ebekozien, C. Aigbavboa, John Aliu","doi":"10.1108/ijbpa-04-2022-0062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijbpa-04-2022-0062","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeResearch reveals that the built environment graduates are not matching the needs of the 21st century construction industry. Evidence shows that the built environment academics (BEA) struggle to reskill and upskill to meet the industry's demand. Studies about Nigeria's BEA's perceived barriers in meeting the 21st-century industry demands are scarce. Thus, the paper investigated the perceived barriers and measures to improve BEA in Nigeria's 21st-century world of teaching. The outcome intends to enhance teaching practices and increase employability in the built environment disciplines.Design/methodology/approachData were sourced from elite virtual interviews across Nigeria. The participants were well informed about Nigeria's built environment education and the possible barriers hindering 21st-century teaching from improving employable graduates in the built environment professionals (BEP). The researchers adopted a thematic analysis for the collected data and supplemented the data with secondary sources.FindingsThe study shows that BEA needs to improve BEA's teaching mechanism. Improving BEA will enable the built environment graduates to meet the minimum standards expected by the 21st-century industry. Findings categorised the perceived 22 barriers facing BEA into internal stakeholders-related barriers, external stakeholders-related barriers, and common barriers. Also, findings proffered practicable measures to improve BEA in the workplace via improved industry collaboration and technological advancement.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is restricted to the perceived barriers and measures to improve BEA in 21st-century teaching in Nigeria via a qualitative research design. Future research should validate the results and test the paper's proposed framework.Practical implicationsThe paper confirms that the BEA requires stakeholder collaboration and technological advancement measures to improve teaching in the 21st century, leading to enhanced employability graduates. The paper would stir major stakeholders, especially BEA, and advance the quality of employable graduates in the Nigerian built environment professions.Originality/valueThe thematic network and proposed framework could be employed to stimulate Nigeria's BEA for better service delivery. This intends to create an enabling environment that will enhance stakeholders' collaboration and technological advancement for the BEA to produce better employable graduates in the 21st century.","PeriodicalId":44905,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42546645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-06DOI: 10.1108/ijbpa-05-2022-0070
Lawrence A. Isiofia, E. Nna, Francis O. Uzuegbunam, E. Ibem
PurposeThis research examines the association of physical development density, prevalence and types of microbes in colonized façade finishes of buildings in Enugu metropolis, Nigeria.Design/methodology/approachSurvey and experimental research designs were adopted. A total of 383 buildings were investigated with samples collected from those with colonized façade finishes. The microbes were identified using the standard procedure for genomic sequencing with descriptive statistics, and the chi-square test used to analyse the data.FindingsThe results revealed a 64% prevalence of microbial colonization and a significant association between this and physical development density with 71.0% of the colonized buildings located in high-density neighbourhoods of the metropolis. The sequencing also showed 24 different microbes with Trichophyton tonsurans, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichoderma harzianum species being the most common in the colonized façade finishes.Practical implicationsThe research informs building professionals and owners of the specific microbes involved in the colonization of façade finishes of buildings in high-density urban areas. It also provides a clue about the nature of damages and defects associated with microbial colonization of building façades and the type of biocide additives required for the production of microbial-resistant façade finishes in the hot-humid tropical environment of Nigeria and beyond.Originality/valueThe study has shown that there is a significant relationship between the intensity of urban land use and microbial colonization of façade finishes of buildings. It also identified some new or less known microbes responsible for the biodeterioration of façade finishes and the effects this has on the buildings and public health in the hot-humid tropics of Enugu, Southeast Nigeria.
{"title":"The association of physical development density, prevalence and types of microbes in colonized façade finishes in Enugu metropolis, Nigeria","authors":"Lawrence A. Isiofia, E. Nna, Francis O. Uzuegbunam, E. Ibem","doi":"10.1108/ijbpa-05-2022-0070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijbpa-05-2022-0070","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThis research examines the association of physical development density, prevalence and types of microbes in colonized façade finishes of buildings in Enugu metropolis, Nigeria.Design/methodology/approachSurvey and experimental research designs were adopted. A total of 383 buildings were investigated with samples collected from those with colonized façade finishes. The microbes were identified using the standard procedure for genomic sequencing with descriptive statistics, and the chi-square test used to analyse the data.FindingsThe results revealed a 64% prevalence of microbial colonization and a significant association between this and physical development density with 71.0% of the colonized buildings located in high-density neighbourhoods of the metropolis. The sequencing also showed 24 different microbes with Trichophyton tonsurans, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichoderma harzianum species being the most common in the colonized façade finishes.Practical implicationsThe research informs building professionals and owners of the specific microbes involved in the colonization of façade finishes of buildings in high-density urban areas. It also provides a clue about the nature of damages and defects associated with microbial colonization of building façades and the type of biocide additives required for the production of microbial-resistant façade finishes in the hot-humid tropical environment of Nigeria and beyond.Originality/valueThe study has shown that there is a significant relationship between the intensity of urban land use and microbial colonization of façade finishes of buildings. It also identified some new or less known microbes responsible for the biodeterioration of façade finishes and the effects this has on the buildings and public health in the hot-humid tropics of Enugu, Southeast Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":44905,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41367098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.1108/ijbpa-03-2022-0049
Aya Qatawna, Rabab Allouzi, S. Qaqish
PurposeThe primary objective of this study is to produce one-way slabs made of LWFC with low density and sufficient compressive strength suitable for structural purpose then investigate their flexural behavior under various types of reinforcement and thickness of the slab and the influence of addition of PP fibers reinforcement on the mechanical behavior of reinforced concrete slabs. The specimens were tested using four-point loading. The results concerning load capacity, deflection and failure mode and crack pattern for each specimen were obtained. Also, an analytical investigation of PP fiber and GFG contribution on the flexural behavior of foamed concrete slabs is studied to investigate the significant role of PP fiber on the stress distribution in reinforced foam concrete and predict the flexural moment capacity.Design/methodology/approachThe materials used in this study are cement, fine aggregate (sand), water, PP fibers, foaming agent, chemical additives if required, steel reinforcing rebars and glass fiber grid. The combination of these constituent materials will be used to produce foamed concrete in this research Then this study will present the experimental program of one-way foamed concrete slabs including slabs reinforced with GFR grids and another with steel reinforcements. The slabs will be tested in the laboratory under static loading conditions to investigate their ultimate capacities. The flexural behavior is to the interest of the slabs reinforced with GFR grids reinforcements in comparison with that of one with steel reinforcing rebars. Three groups are considered. (1) Group I: two slabs of PP fiber foamed concrete with minimum required reinforcements. (2) Group II: two slabs of PP fiber foamed concrete with glass fiber grids. (3) Group III: two slabs of PP fiber foamed concrete with the minimum required reinforcements and glass fiber grids.FindingsThe experimental results proved the effectiveness and efficiency of this the new system in producing a low density of concrete below 1900 kg/m3 had a corresponding strength of about 17 MPa at least. Besides, the presence of PP fibers had a noticeable improvement on the flexural strength values for all the examined slabs. It was found that the specimens reinforced with steel reinforcement mesh carried higher flexural capacity compared to these reinforced with GFG only. The specimens reinforced with GFG exhibited the lowest flexural capacity due to GFG separation from the concrete substrate. Also, an analytical investigation to predict the flexural strength of all tested specimens was carried out. The analytical results were agreed with the experimental results. Therefore, LWFC can be used as a substitute lightweight concrete material for the production of structural concrete applications in the construction industries today.Research limitations/implicationsFoamed concrete is a wide field to discuss. To achieve the objectives of the project, the study is focused on the foamed concrete w
{"title":"Experimental and analytical behavior of one-way fiber foamed concrete slabs reinforced with/without glass fiber grid under 4-point flexural test","authors":"Aya Qatawna, Rabab Allouzi, S. Qaqish","doi":"10.1108/ijbpa-03-2022-0049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijbpa-03-2022-0049","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThe primary objective of this study is to produce one-way slabs made of LWFC with low density and sufficient compressive strength suitable for structural purpose then investigate their flexural behavior under various types of reinforcement and thickness of the slab and the influence of addition of PP fibers reinforcement on the mechanical behavior of reinforced concrete slabs. The specimens were tested using four-point loading. The results concerning load capacity, deflection and failure mode and crack pattern for each specimen were obtained. Also, an analytical investigation of PP fiber and GFG contribution on the flexural behavior of foamed concrete slabs is studied to investigate the significant role of PP fiber on the stress distribution in reinforced foam concrete and predict the flexural moment capacity.Design/methodology/approachThe materials used in this study are cement, fine aggregate (sand), water, PP fibers, foaming agent, chemical additives if required, steel reinforcing rebars and glass fiber grid. The combination of these constituent materials will be used to produce foamed concrete in this research Then this study will present the experimental program of one-way foamed concrete slabs including slabs reinforced with GFR grids and another with steel reinforcements. The slabs will be tested in the laboratory under static loading conditions to investigate their ultimate capacities. The flexural behavior is to the interest of the slabs reinforced with GFR grids reinforcements in comparison with that of one with steel reinforcing rebars. Three groups are considered. (1) Group I: two slabs of PP fiber foamed concrete with minimum required reinforcements. (2) Group II: two slabs of PP fiber foamed concrete with glass fiber grids. (3) Group III: two slabs of PP fiber foamed concrete with the minimum required reinforcements and glass fiber grids.FindingsThe experimental results proved the effectiveness and efficiency of this the new system in producing a low density of concrete below 1900 kg/m3 had a corresponding strength of about 17 MPa at least. Besides, the presence of PP fibers had a noticeable improvement on the flexural strength values for all the examined slabs. It was found that the specimens reinforced with steel reinforcement mesh carried higher flexural capacity compared to these reinforced with GFG only. The specimens reinforced with GFG exhibited the lowest flexural capacity due to GFG separation from the concrete substrate. Also, an analytical investigation to predict the flexural strength of all tested specimens was carried out. The analytical results were agreed with the experimental results. Therefore, LWFC can be used as a substitute lightweight concrete material for the production of structural concrete applications in the construction industries today.Research limitations/implicationsFoamed concrete is a wide field to discuss. To achieve the objectives of the project, the study is focused on the foamed concrete w","PeriodicalId":44905,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41396124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1108/ijbpa-05-2022-0076
P. Boateng, T. Omotayo, T. Osunsanmi, Damilola Ekundayo
PurposeThe inherent risks and their interactive impacts in megaproject development have been found in numerous cases worldwide. Although risk management standards have been recommended for the best practice in engineering construction projects, there is still a lack of systematic approaches to describing the interactions. Interactions such as social, technical, economic, ecological and political (STEEP) risks have complex and dynamic implications for megaproject construction. For a better understanding and effective management of megaprojects such as the Edinburgh Tram project, the dynamic interaction of concomitant risks must be studied.Design/methodology/approachA systems dynamic methodology was adopted following the comprehensive literature review. Documentary data were gathered from the case study on Tram Network Project in Edinburgh.FindingsA casual loop of typical evolution of key indicators of risks was then developed. A hypothesised model of social and ecological (SE) risks was derived using the system dynamics (SD) modelling technique. The model was set up following British Standards on risk management to provide a generic tool for risk management in megaproject development. The study reveals that cost and time overruns at the developmental stage of the case project are caused mainly by the effects of interactions of risk factors from the external macro project environment on a timely basis.Originality/valueThis article presented a model for simulating the socio-ecological risk confronting the management and construction of megaprojects. The use of SD provided the opportunity to explain the nature of all risks, particularly the SE risks in the past stages of project development.
{"title":"Socio-ecological risks management dynamic simulation in megaproject development of the Edinburgh Tram Network","authors":"P. Boateng, T. Omotayo, T. Osunsanmi, Damilola Ekundayo","doi":"10.1108/ijbpa-05-2022-0076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijbpa-05-2022-0076","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThe inherent risks and their interactive impacts in megaproject development have been found in numerous cases worldwide. Although risk management standards have been recommended for the best practice in engineering construction projects, there is still a lack of systematic approaches to describing the interactions. Interactions such as social, technical, economic, ecological and political (STEEP) risks have complex and dynamic implications for megaproject construction. For a better understanding and effective management of megaprojects such as the Edinburgh Tram project, the dynamic interaction of concomitant risks must be studied.Design/methodology/approachA systems dynamic methodology was adopted following the comprehensive literature review. Documentary data were gathered from the case study on Tram Network Project in Edinburgh.FindingsA casual loop of typical evolution of key indicators of risks was then developed. A hypothesised model of social and ecological (SE) risks was derived using the system dynamics (SD) modelling technique. The model was set up following British Standards on risk management to provide a generic tool for risk management in megaproject development. The study reveals that cost and time overruns at the developmental stage of the case project are caused mainly by the effects of interactions of risk factors from the external macro project environment on a timely basis.Originality/valueThis article presented a model for simulating the socio-ecological risk confronting the management and construction of megaprojects. The use of SD provided the opportunity to explain the nature of all risks, particularly the SE risks in the past stages of project development.","PeriodicalId":44905,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41931001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-22DOI: 10.1108/ijbpa-11-2021-0144
J. Ferreira
PurposeThe intention of this work is to generate a tool to facilitate the visualization of urban parameters, critically discussing the current form of urban planning in Brazil and thus facilitate popular participation in decisions, considering that since 2001, it is foreseen by law that the elaboration processes of municipal urban plans in Brazil must have popular participation in order to be legitimized.Design/methodology/approachThe method consists of three-dimensionally modeling the constructive potential within the lots, using the parameters of the Ribeirão das Neves city master plan (State of Minas Gerais, Brazil), using computer software, to predict the impact on landscape that the parameters generate and comparing different software programs.FindingsWith the proposed tool, it became clear that many of the city's parameters alone cannot reach the guidelines of the master plan, and the comparison of two software programs generated options for different local realities. It is a methodology that is able to provide excellent support for urban planning laws in Brazil to be more effective and less delayed.Originality/valueThe software was configured with a script developed by the Geoprocessing Laboratory of a university in Brazil and was used for the first time to completely analyze a municipal master plan for the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, generating a tool able to be used in master plans' review.
这项工作的目的是产生一种工具，以促进城市参数的可视化，批判性地讨论巴西当前的城市规划形式，从而促进公众参与决策，考虑到自2001年以来，法律预见到巴西市政城市规划的制定过程必须有公众参与才能合法化。设计/方法/方法该方法包括对地块内的建设潜力进行三维建模，使用ribebeil - o das Neves城市总体规划(巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州)的参数，使用计算机软件预测参数产生的对景观的影响，并比较不同的软件程序。通过提出的工具，很明显，城市的许多参数本身无法达到总体规划的指导方针，两种软件程序的比较产生了不同的当地现实选择。这是一种能够为巴西的城市规划法律提供出色支持的方法，使其更有效，更少延迟。该软件由巴西一所大学的地理处理实验室开发的脚本配置，并首次用于全面分析贝洛奥里藏特大都市地区的市政总体规划，生成一个能够用于总体规划审查的工具。
{"title":"Analysis of urban parameters via geoprocessing as a basis for city's master plans: the case of Ribeirão da Neves city/ MG – Brazil","authors":"J. Ferreira","doi":"10.1108/ijbpa-11-2021-0144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijbpa-11-2021-0144","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThe intention of this work is to generate a tool to facilitate the visualization of urban parameters, critically discussing the current form of urban planning in Brazil and thus facilitate popular participation in decisions, considering that since 2001, it is foreseen by law that the elaboration processes of municipal urban plans in Brazil must have popular participation in order to be legitimized.Design/methodology/approachThe method consists of three-dimensionally modeling the constructive potential within the lots, using the parameters of the Ribeirão das Neves city master plan (State of Minas Gerais, Brazil), using computer software, to predict the impact on landscape that the parameters generate and comparing different software programs.FindingsWith the proposed tool, it became clear that many of the city's parameters alone cannot reach the guidelines of the master plan, and the comparison of two software programs generated options for different local realities. It is a methodology that is able to provide excellent support for urban planning laws in Brazil to be more effective and less delayed.Originality/valueThe software was configured with a script developed by the Geoprocessing Laboratory of a university in Brazil and was used for the first time to completely analyze a municipal master plan for the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, generating a tool able to be used in master plans' review.","PeriodicalId":44905,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46814913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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