M. Vorobel, Oleh Klym, V. Kaplinskyi, Oksana Nykyforuk, Viktoriia Momut, Stepan Grabovskyi, Natalia Lopotych, Oleksandra Grabovska, Halyna Denys, H. Bilovus
The accumulation of chicken litter, due to the excessive emission of gaseous air pollutants, causes a significant load on the environment. Therefore, the basis of research was to find out the level of NH3 and H2S emission from chicken litter by the influence of inorganic and biologically active substances. It is established that the lowest level of NH3 release from litter - by 25.5-32.6% and H2S by 19.7-24.4% is observed with the introduction of a complex preparation for deactivation of enzymatic processes in chicken litter. Of the studied natural sorbents, the best results for reducing NH3 and H2S emission from the litter were obtained by the use of vermiculite - by 24.4-28.7% and 12.6-15.9%. The biopreparation Kapeliukhiv Yarok more effectively affects the reduction of the NH3 release from the substrate (24.3-27.7%) and the Scarabei - H2S (16.1-19.2%). The introduction in chicken litter magnesium acetate and superphosphate helps to reduce NH3 emission by 22.2-22.8% and 22.3- 24.3%, while H2S by 16.0-19.2% and 16.3-17.2%.
{"title":"REDUCING OF AMMONIA AND HYDROGEN SULFIDE EMISSION FROM CHICKEN LITTER BY THE USE OF INORGANIC AND BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES","authors":"M. Vorobel, Oleh Klym, V. Kaplinskyi, Oksana Nykyforuk, Viktoriia Momut, Stepan Grabovskyi, Natalia Lopotych, Oleksandra Grabovska, Halyna Denys, H. Bilovus","doi":"10.17930/agl2023229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl2023229","url":null,"abstract":"The accumulation of chicken litter, due to the excessive emission of gaseous air pollutants, causes a significant load on the environment. Therefore, the basis of research was to find out the level of NH3 and H2S emission from chicken litter by the influence of inorganic and biologically active substances. It is established that the lowest level of NH3 release from litter - by 25.5-32.6% and H2S by 19.7-24.4% is observed with the introduction of a complex preparation for deactivation of enzymatic processes in chicken litter. Of the studied natural sorbents, the best results for reducing NH3 and H2S emission from the litter were obtained by the use of vermiculite - by 24.4-28.7% and 12.6-15.9%. The biopreparation Kapeliukhiv Yarok more effectively affects the reduction of the NH3 release from the substrate (24.3-27.7%) and the Scarabei - H2S (16.1-19.2%). The introduction in chicken litter magnesium acetate and superphosphate helps to reduce NH3 emission by 22.2-22.8% and 22.3- 24.3%, while H2S by 16.0-19.2% and 16.3-17.2%.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":"101 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139135088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carmen Vana, Andrei Varga, R. Călugăr, Ancuta Ceclan, N. Tritean, A. Tărău
Maize inbred lines derived from local populations (Cycle I lines) were tested using cycle II elite inbred lines. In the cross system, hybrids have a wide variability for yield (6601-10571 kg/ha), the highest differences between hybrids are due to the non-additive genetic effects; undesirable traits transmitted by cycle I inbred lines are weak resistance to stalk breaking and fallen plants; for the percentage of unbroken plants, the genetic variability is high, the percentage of unbroken plants for simple hybrids has a range value between 65.02% and 89.70%.There were calculated the correlations coefficients between ”per se” values for the correlation of inbred lines from crossbreeding system and additive genetic effects values calculated in the crossbreeding system ”m x n”. Positive correlations were identified between the values per se and the positive genetic effects for yield, ear weight, ear length, numbers of kernels per ear, TKW, kernel depth. These high positive correlation values indicate the possibility to use phenotypic markers in the process of inbred lines creation.
玉米近交系来自当地种群（周期 I 系），并与周期 II 的优良近交系进行了测试。在杂交系统中，杂交种的产量差异很大（6601-10571 千克/公顷），杂交种之间的最大差异是由于非加性遗传效应造成的；周期 I 近交系传递的不良性状是对茎秆折断和倒伏的抗性较弱；未折断植株百分比的遗传变异较大，简单杂交种的未折断植株百分比范围值在 65.02% 到 89.70% 之间。计算了杂交系统近交系相关性 "本身 "值与杂交系统 "m x n "计算的遗传效应加值之间的相关系数。在产量、穗重、穗长、每穗籽粒数、TKW 和籽粒深度方面，发现 "本身 "值与正遗传效应值之间存在正相关。这些高正相关值表明，在创建近交系的过程中可以使用表型标记。
{"title":"STUDY OF PHENOTYPIC AND GENETIC VARIABILITY IN MAIZE CROSSINGS BETWEEN CYCLE I INBRED LINES AND ELITE LINES (CYCLE II)","authors":"Carmen Vana, Andrei Varga, R. Călugăr, Ancuta Ceclan, N. Tritean, A. Tărău","doi":"10.17930/agl2023227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl2023227","url":null,"abstract":"Maize inbred lines derived from local populations (Cycle I lines) were tested using cycle II elite inbred lines. In the cross system, hybrids have a wide variability for yield (6601-10571 kg/ha), the highest differences between hybrids are due to the non-additive genetic effects; undesirable traits transmitted by cycle I inbred lines are weak resistance to stalk breaking and fallen plants; for the percentage of unbroken plants, the genetic variability is high, the percentage of unbroken plants for simple hybrids has a range value between 65.02% and 89.70%.There were calculated the correlations coefficients between ”per se” values for the correlation of inbred lines from crossbreeding system and additive genetic effects values calculated in the crossbreeding system ”m x n”. Positive correlations were identified between the values per se and the positive genetic effects for yield, ear weight, ear length, numbers of kernels per ear, TKW, kernel depth. These high positive correlation values indicate the possibility to use phenotypic markers in the process of inbred lines creation.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" 542","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139136902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amidou S. Ouili, C. Diguță, Y. Maiga, Cheik Omar Tidiane Compaoré, A. Ouattara, Florentina Israel-Roming, F. Matei
In this study, 22 lactic acid bacterial (LAB) strains were isolated from Bambara groundnut seeds and assessed for their ability to suppress the development of two strains of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus. The antifungal activity of LAB strains was assessed via the overlay assay. Also, HPLC methodology was used to quantify the production of lactic and acetic acid by the LAB strains with high antifungal activity. After incubation at 30°C for 72 hours, five of these LAB strains (52B1, 52C1, 74B3, 67B1, 67A9) showed high inhibitory activity against Aspergillus flavus strains. These LAB strains exhibiting antifungal potential were identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus through 16S rDNA sequencing. Furthermore, the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains reported lactic acid production ranging from 12.08 mg/ml to 15.38 mg/ml and acetic acid production ranging from 0.06 mg/ml to 1.68 mg/ml. Notably, antifungal experiments are conducted in a controlled setting. Further, it would be worthwhile to explore the direct application of Pediococcus pentosaceus strains or their antimicrobial agents to food products to prevent fungal growth during storage. By doing so, the use of fungicides can be avoided and lead to safer food products.
{"title":"ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF Pediococcus pentosaceus ISOLATED FROM BAMBARA GROUNDNUT (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) SEEDS AGAINST Aspergillus flavus","authors":"Amidou S. Ouili, C. Diguță, Y. Maiga, Cheik Omar Tidiane Compaoré, A. Ouattara, Florentina Israel-Roming, F. Matei","doi":"10.17930/agl2023217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl2023217","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, 22 lactic acid bacterial (LAB) strains were isolated from Bambara groundnut seeds and assessed for their ability to suppress the development of two strains of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus. The antifungal activity of LAB strains was assessed via the overlay assay. Also, HPLC methodology was used to quantify the production of lactic and acetic acid by the LAB strains with high antifungal activity. After incubation at 30°C for 72 hours, five of these LAB strains (52B1, 52C1, 74B3, 67B1, 67A9) showed high inhibitory activity against Aspergillus flavus strains. These LAB strains exhibiting antifungal potential were identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus through 16S rDNA sequencing. Furthermore, the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains reported lactic acid production ranging from 12.08 mg/ml to 15.38 mg/ml and acetic acid production ranging from 0.06 mg/ml to 1.68 mg/ml. Notably, antifungal experiments are conducted in a controlled setting. Further, it would be worthwhile to explore the direct application of Pediococcus pentosaceus strains or their antimicrobial agents to food products to prevent fungal growth during storage. By doing so, the use of fungicides can be avoided and lead to safer food products.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":"20 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139130083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zenoviy Pankiv, Olena Kalynych, T. Yamelynets, Oksana Bonishko
The profiles of sod-podzolic surface-gleyed soils (Stagnic Retisols) and brown podzolic soil profile (Neocambic Gleyic Retisols) are characterized by differentiation of gross Ferrum content and moderately low degree of Ferrum content. The composition of gross Ferrum is dominated by Fes, the maximum share of which is characteristic of A2B g horizon. The minimum content of Fes belongs to A1A2 g, which indicates the processes of destruction of primary and secondary minerals in the upper part of the profile. The accumulation of Ferrum oxides was diagnosed in the ortstein and nodules of the studied soils. The Schwertman coefficient in the neoplasms of the over-illuvial part of the profile is 0.6-0.7, which confirms the theory of their formation under the predominant action of the gleyish-eluvial process. The slight influence of modern gleiing process and their relict origin are observed in transition horizon.
草皮荚膜表层沟壑土壤（Stagnic Retisols）和棕色荚膜土壤（Neocambic Gleyic Retisols）的剖面具有总铁含量分化和铁含量中等偏低的特点。毛铁的成分以铁元素为主，A2B g 层的铁元素含量最高。A1A2 g 地层的铁含量最低，这表明剖面上部存在原生和次生矿物的破坏过程。在所研究土壤的褶皱层和结核中发现了氧化亚铁的积累。剖面上冲积层部分新生物的施韦尔曼系数为 0.6-0.7，这证实了它们是在主要的砾岩-冲积过程作用下形成的理论。在过渡地层中可以观察到现代砾岩化过程的轻微影响和它们的孑遗起源。
{"title":"FORMS OF FERRUM IN PROFILE-DIFFERENTIATED SOILS OF PRECARPATHIAN UKRAINE AND THEIR ROLE IN DIAGNOSTICS OF SOIL-FORMING PROCESSES","authors":"Zenoviy Pankiv, Olena Kalynych, T. Yamelynets, Oksana Bonishko","doi":"10.17930/agl2023219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl2023219","url":null,"abstract":"The profiles of sod-podzolic surface-gleyed soils (Stagnic Retisols) and brown podzolic soil profile (Neocambic Gleyic Retisols) are characterized by differentiation of gross Ferrum content and moderately low degree of Ferrum content. The composition of gross Ferrum is dominated by Fes, the maximum share of which is characteristic of A2B g horizon. The minimum content of Fes belongs to A1A2 g, which indicates the processes of destruction of primary and secondary minerals in the upper part of the profile. The accumulation of Ferrum oxides was diagnosed in the ortstein and nodules of the studied soils. The Schwertman coefficient in the neoplasms of the over-illuvial part of the profile is 0.6-0.7, which confirms the theory of their formation under the predominant action of the gleyish-eluvial process. The slight influence of modern gleiing process and their relict origin are observed in transition horizon.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":"88 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139132180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vasilica Gotu, Emanuel Mitrea, D. Porea, M. Ioniță, I. Mitrea
Neospora caninum is an apicomplexan protozoa parasite that causes reproductive disorders in cattle worldwide. Despite the high seroprevalence reported in Romania, there are limited data on N. caninum infection in dairy cattle, and no studies have evaluated the presence of infection over time in a limited area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of N. caninum in a dairy cattle farm in Southeastern Romania where a previously study reported about the cattle exposure to N. caninum infection. A total of 85 cattle, assigned in four groups, according to the reproductive status (repeated breeding syndrome, history of abortion, pregnant cows, and fresh cows) were tested for the presence of N. caninum antibodies, using an indirect ELISA test. The overall seroprevalence was 28.23% (95% CI: 18.67–37.80). According to the reproductive groups, the seroprevalence varied between 19.04% (95% CI: 2.25-35.84) in fresh cows to 38.09% (95% CI: 17.32 - 58.87) in cows with repeated breeding syndrome. By these findings new information is provided about the disease's presence in the studied farm, implying that infection with N. caninum may be the primary cause of reported reproductive disorders, as well as about the infection's persistent nature.
{"title":"SEROLOGICAL SCREENING FOR Neospora caninum INFECTION IN A DAIRY CATTLE FARM WITH REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS, IN SOUTH-EASTERN ROMANIA","authors":"Vasilica Gotu, Emanuel Mitrea, D. Porea, M. Ioniță, I. Mitrea","doi":"10.17930/agl2023210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl2023210","url":null,"abstract":"Neospora caninum is an apicomplexan protozoa parasite that causes reproductive disorders in cattle worldwide. Despite the high seroprevalence reported in Romania, there are limited data on N. caninum infection in dairy cattle, and no studies have evaluated the presence of infection over time in a limited area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of N. caninum in a dairy cattle farm in Southeastern Romania where a previously study reported about the cattle exposure to N. caninum infection. A total of 85 cattle, assigned in four groups, according to the reproductive status (repeated breeding syndrome, history of abortion, pregnant cows, and fresh cows) were tested for the presence of N. caninum antibodies, using an indirect ELISA test. The overall seroprevalence was 28.23% (95% CI: 18.67–37.80). According to the reproductive groups, the seroprevalence varied between 19.04% (95% CI: 2.25-35.84) in fresh cows to 38.09% (95% CI: 17.32 - 58.87) in cows with repeated breeding syndrome. By these findings new information is provided about the disease's presence in the studied farm, implying that infection with N. caninum may be the primary cause of reported reproductive disorders, as well as about the infection's persistent nature.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":"116 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139133199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Abrantes, Ana Raquel FERNANDES, M. Vieira-Pinto
Hunting is the most popular rural activity in Portugal. Currently, the number of licensed hunters in Portugal is around 115 000, preferentially hunting large game, particularly wild boar. The objective of this study is the demographic characterization of the hunters who consume game meat. In an ongoing anonymous survey of hunters on `wild boar consumption habits`,were raised questions about personal demographic data (age, gender, scholar level, and residency) and wild boars’ meat self-consume, such as the number of hunted animals per season and their self-consume and if, they consume it undercooked or make traditional products, as sausages. Of the 206 hunters from all over Portugal who responded to the survey, the majority are males aged between 31 and 50 years (n = 106; 51.5%) and practice selfconsumption of wild boar meat they hunt (average wild boar hunted per hunting season is 4). 177 do not make traditional products based on raw game meat (86%), nor do they consume it undercooked. Knowing these data is important to understand the attributable risk of self-consuming game meat and the perception of hunters about this.
{"title":"DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERIZATION AND CONSUMPTION HABITS OF PORTUGUESE HUNTERS","authors":"A. Abrantes, Ana Raquel FERNANDES, M. Vieira-Pinto","doi":"10.17930/agl202321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl202321","url":null,"abstract":"Hunting is the most popular rural activity in Portugal. Currently, the number of licensed hunters in Portugal is around 115 000, preferentially hunting large game, particularly wild boar. The objective of this study is the demographic characterization of the hunters who consume game meat. In an ongoing anonymous survey of hunters on `wild boar consumption habits`,were raised questions about personal demographic data (age, gender, scholar level, and residency) and wild boars’ meat self-consume, such as the number of hunted animals per season and their self-consume and if, they consume it undercooked or make traditional products, as sausages. Of the 206 hunters from all over Portugal who responded to the survey, the majority are males aged between 31 and 50 years (n = 106; 51.5%) and practice selfconsumption of wild boar meat they hunt (average wild boar hunted per hunting season is 4). 177 do not make traditional products based on raw game meat (86%), nor do they consume it undercooked. Knowing these data is important to understand the attributable risk of self-consuming game meat and the perception of hunters about this.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139133379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cryopreservation (storage at -196°C) is one of the techniques used for ex situ conservation to guarantee the long-term storage of different biological materials. Polypodium vulgare (Common polypody) is an evergreen fern used as food and medicine. To our knowledge, no cryopreservation protocol for gametophytes from this species is available. In this context, our paper aimed to screen a suitable cryopreservation protocol for P. vulgare - an important source of secondary metabolites. Different protocols were tested to identify a suitable cryopreservation protocol. Techniques like light microscopy and biochemical assays were used to certify an appropriate protocol for this fern. Gametophyte desiccation for 3 hours in the sterilized airflow before rapid immersion in liquid nitrogen provides sufficient dehydration to assure a good rate of survival.
{"title":"SCREENING FOR A SUITABLE CRYOPRESERVATION PROTOCOL FOR Polypodium vulgare","authors":"R. Catană, Florentina Aldea, Monica Mitoi","doi":"10.17930/agl202327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl202327","url":null,"abstract":"Cryopreservation (storage at -196°C) is one of the techniques used for ex situ conservation to guarantee the long-term storage of different biological materials. Polypodium vulgare (Common polypody) is an evergreen fern used as food and medicine. To our knowledge, no cryopreservation protocol for gametophytes from this species is available. In this context, our paper aimed to screen a suitable cryopreservation protocol for P. vulgare - an important source of secondary metabolites. Different protocols were tested to identify a suitable cryopreservation protocol. Techniques like light microscopy and biochemical assays were used to certify an appropriate protocol for this fern. Gametophyte desiccation for 3 hours in the sterilized airflow before rapid immersion in liquid nitrogen provides sufficient dehydration to assure a good rate of survival.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":"118 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139135317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents data on the seed yield and thousand seed weight of confectionery sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) varieties cultivated in the Northern Steppe of Ukraine. The study was conducted on three varieties-populations and one F1 hybrid. The study design included two types of basic tillage, three doses of fertilizer, and three plant densities. The seed yield significantly (P = 0.05) depended on the year of testing (the contribution of the year factor to the total variability was 38.88%), plant density (29.30%) and fertilizer dose (14.43%). It also depended on the tillage type (3.01%) and varietal characteristics (0.87%). The highest yield of seeds (up to 4.24 t/ha) was obtained with moldboard plowing, NPK fertilizer doses of 40:60:60 and 60:80:80 and plant density of 40,800 plants/ha. The thousand seed weight significantly (P=0.05) changed under the influence of the year of testing (32.11%), plant density (26.75%) and variety (25.92%), as well as under the influence of fertilization (3.24%) and tillage (3.75%). The largest thousand seed weight (up to 122.3 g) was obtained with moldboard plowing, NPK fertilizer doses of 40:60:60 and 60:80:80 and plant density of 20,400 plants/ha. Recommendations on the farming technique for confectionery sunflower have been drawn up.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF SEED YIELD AND THOUSAND SEED WEIGHT OF CONFECTIONERY SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) VARIETIES GROWN BY DIFFERENT FARMING TECHNIQUES IN THE NORTHERN STEPPE OF UKRAINE","authors":"K. Makliak, M. Korkodola","doi":"10.17930/agl2023215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl2023215","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents data on the seed yield and thousand seed weight of confectionery sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) varieties cultivated in the Northern Steppe of Ukraine. The study was conducted on three varieties-populations and one F1 hybrid. The study design included two types of basic tillage, three doses of fertilizer, and three plant densities. The seed yield significantly (P = 0.05) depended on the year of testing (the contribution of the year factor to the total variability was 38.88%), plant density (29.30%) and fertilizer dose (14.43%). It also depended on the tillage type (3.01%) and varietal characteristics (0.87%). The highest yield of seeds (up to 4.24 t/ha) was obtained with moldboard plowing, NPK fertilizer doses of 40:60:60 and 60:80:80 and plant density of 40,800 plants/ha. The thousand seed weight significantly (P=0.05) changed under the influence of the year of testing (32.11%), plant density (26.75%) and variety (25.92%), as well as under the influence of fertilization (3.24%) and tillage (3.75%). The largest thousand seed weight (up to 122.3 g) was obtained with moldboard plowing, NPK fertilizer doses of 40:60:60 and 60:80:80 and plant density of 20,400 plants/ha. Recommendations on the farming technique for confectionery sunflower have been drawn up.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":"113 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139135468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Sarbu, A. Cîșlariu, T. Șesan, A. Paraschiv, Daniela Clara Mihai
Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae), a nutraceutical plant, was acclimatized in Romania in 1990. It is cultivated in the greenhouses of S.C. HOFIGAL Import Export S.A., Romania, both in classical conditions, for commercial purposes, and in various experimental conditions, for increasing the medicinal value and the productivity of the taxon. The present study refers to the Momordica charantia plants, grown in experimental conditions, in soil enriched with porous ceramic granules and aims to identify beneficial structural changes that favor their better development. The histo-anatomical observations concerned the organization of the stem, petiole, leaf lamina and tendrils. The structural characteristics were compared to those of plants grown in the absence of ceramic granules. Our results highlight dimensional increases in the vegetative organs of plants cultivated in the presence of ceramic granules, significantly higher development of conductive tissues, assimilating tissue, stomatal index and foliar cystoliths, beneficial changes for plant growth and development.
{"title":"STRUCTURAL EFFECTS INDUCED BY CULTIVATION CONDITIONS IN Momordica charantia L. PLANTS","authors":"A. Sarbu, A. Cîșlariu, T. Șesan, A. Paraschiv, Daniela Clara Mihai","doi":"10.17930/agl2023221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl2023221","url":null,"abstract":"Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae), a nutraceutical plant, was acclimatized in Romania in 1990. It is cultivated in the greenhouses of S.C. HOFIGAL Import Export S.A., Romania, both in classical conditions, for commercial purposes, and in various experimental conditions, for increasing the medicinal value and the productivity of the taxon. The present study refers to the Momordica charantia plants, grown in experimental conditions, in soil enriched with porous ceramic granules and aims to identify beneficial structural changes that favor their better development. The histo-anatomical observations concerned the organization of the stem, petiole, leaf lamina and tendrils. The structural characteristics were compared to those of plants grown in the absence of ceramic granules. Our results highlight dimensional increases in the vegetative organs of plants cultivated in the presence of ceramic granules, significantly higher development of conductive tissues, assimilating tissue, stomatal index and foliar cystoliths, beneficial changes for plant growth and development.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":"121 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139133992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of our study was to show the possibilities of a chemical supermutagen in the regular induction of certain types of mutations. Winter wheat dry seeds of eight varieties were acted with water (control) and DAB (1.4-bisdiazoacetylbutane) action in concentrations of 0.1%, 0.1%, 0.3%. Studies have shown that the use of this mutagen is expedient from the point of view of obtaining valuable forms of low-growing, earlyripening, late-ripening, high-yielding lines, forms with high productive tillering. The mutagen by its nature has a rather low affinity, at least for this group of genotypes, however, this factor still affects the frequency of some types of mutations. Even extreme concentrations of this mutagenic agent did not lead to a significant decrease in the number of mutations; however, they reached a maximum in the spectrum of possible changes. Further studies are needed on changes in photosynthetic activity and associated persistence.
{"title":"WINTER WHEAT MUTATION VARIABILITY UNDER LOW-DAMAGE ABILITY MUTAGEN ACTION","authors":"V. Horshchar, M. Nazarenko","doi":"10.17930/agl2023212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl2023212","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of our study was to show the possibilities of a chemical supermutagen in the regular induction of certain types of mutations. Winter wheat dry seeds of eight varieties were acted with water (control) and DAB (1.4-bisdiazoacetylbutane) action in concentrations of 0.1%, 0.1%, 0.3%. Studies have shown that the use of this mutagen is expedient from the point of view of obtaining valuable forms of low-growing, earlyripening, late-ripening, high-yielding lines, forms with high productive tillering. The mutagen by its nature has a rather low affinity, at least for this group of genotypes, however, this factor still affects the frequency of some types of mutations. Even extreme concentrations of this mutagenic agent did not lead to a significant decrease in the number of mutations; however, they reached a maximum in the spectrum of possible changes. Further studies are needed on changes in photosynthetic activity and associated persistence.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":"24 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139129901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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