T. Jovanović-Cvetković, Rada Grbić, Silva Grobelnikmlakar, B. Bosancic, M. Cvetkovic
Typicality and style of wine are closely related to the varietal character of grapes, ecological properties of the locality, and the specificities of the winemaking process. For this reason, autochthonous and indigenous grape varieties are increasingly the subject of many studies. To protect their uniqueness, in the region of Hercegovina (Bosnia and Herzegovina), indigenous grape varieties are part of the current grape and wine production. Therefore, the subject of a two-year study (2018-2019) were indigenous wine varieties: Blatina, Trnjak, and Vranac. Variations in the values of the analyzed parameters were a consequence of the significant and/or highly significant influence of the variety and year. Blatina stood out from other varieties with the highest average cluster weight (364.90 g) and the highest wine color intensity (10.71). Trnjak had the highest total anthocyanin content in the grape skin and total polyphenol content in the grape seeds (1090.198 mg/kg grapes; 1755.195 mg/kg grapes), while Vranac had the highest polyphenol content in the grape skin (1823.961 mg/kg grapes), the highest TSS level (21.55% Brix), and consequently, the highest alcohol content in the wine (12.07% v/v).
{"title":"PHYSICOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF THE GRAPE AND WINE OF THE BLATINA, TRNJAK AND VRANAC IN DIFFERENT VINTAGES","authors":"T. Jovanović-Cvetković, Rada Grbić, Silva Grobelnikmlakar, B. Bosancic, M. Cvetkovic","doi":"10.17930/agl2023113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl2023113","url":null,"abstract":"Typicality and style of wine are closely related to the varietal character of grapes, ecological properties of the locality, and the specificities of the winemaking process. For this reason, autochthonous and indigenous grape varieties are increasingly the subject of many studies. To protect their uniqueness, in the region of Hercegovina (Bosnia and Herzegovina), indigenous grape varieties are part of the current grape and wine production. Therefore, the subject of a two-year study (2018-2019) were indigenous wine varieties: Blatina, Trnjak, and Vranac. Variations in the values of the analyzed parameters were a consequence of the significant and/or highly significant influence of the variety and year. Blatina stood out from other varieties with the highest average cluster weight (364.90 g) and the highest wine color intensity (10.71). Trnjak had the highest total anthocyanin content in the grape skin and total polyphenol content in the grape seeds (1090.198 mg/kg grapes; 1755.195 mg/kg grapes), while Vranac had the highest polyphenol content in the grape skin (1823.961 mg/kg grapes), the highest TSS level (21.55% Brix), and consequently, the highest alcohol content in the wine (12.07% v/v).","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46495940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gavrilă Borza, L. Păcurar, F. Russu, I. Gaga, Sebastian Chirita, T. Florian, I. Oltean, R. Rezi, C. Urdǎ
During storage, the aim is to keep the quality and quantity of agricultural products at a high level, without the risk of contamination. The most common storage pests are: Sitophilus granarius, Acarus siro, Caulophilus latinasus, Trimbolium consufusum and Trimbolium castaneum. Due to its multiple uses: in human and animal nutrition, winter wheat is one of the most valuable crops in the world. Seed quality can be influenced by the genetic factor also by the phytosanitary aspect during storage. Sitophilus granarius is one of the main storage pests that attacks wheat grains, barley and rye. During storage, the pests can greatly affect the quality of the seeds and also of the food. The flour resulting from the infested grains is unsuitable for consumption, having an unpleasant smell and bitter taste. The paper aimed to present the efficacy of four different concentrations (0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 1%) of a modern liquid pyrethroid formulation against wheat weevil, in a three year experiment conducted in three different sizes grain warehouses. Also, the chemical composition of stored winter wheat seeds was determined using NIR spectroscopy, on unground samples. As expected, the highest percentage of dead insects, in a short period of time, was identified when the product was applied at the recommended dose (1%). Also small differences between studied parameters were revealed, but the quality of the samples was not lowered by the higher concentrations of insecticide.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF INSECTICIDES FOR STORED GRAIN PROTECTION ON THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF WINTER WHEAT","authors":"Gavrilă Borza, L. Păcurar, F. Russu, I. Gaga, Sebastian Chirita, T. Florian, I. Oltean, R. Rezi, C. Urdǎ","doi":"10.17930/agl202224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl202224","url":null,"abstract":"During storage, the aim is to keep the quality and quantity of agricultural products at a high level, without the risk of contamination. The most common storage pests are: Sitophilus granarius, Acarus siro, Caulophilus latinasus, Trimbolium consufusum and Trimbolium castaneum. Due to its multiple uses: in human and animal nutrition, winter wheat is one of the most valuable crops in the world. Seed quality can be influenced by the genetic factor also by the phytosanitary aspect during storage. Sitophilus granarius is one of the main storage pests that attacks wheat grains, barley and rye. During storage, the pests can greatly affect the quality of the seeds and also of the food. The flour resulting from the infested grains is unsuitable for consumption, having an unpleasant smell and bitter taste. The paper aimed to present the efficacy of four different concentrations (0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 1%) of a modern liquid pyrethroid formulation against wheat weevil, in a three year experiment conducted in three different sizes grain warehouses. Also, the chemical composition of stored winter wheat seeds was determined using NIR spectroscopy, on unground samples. As expected, the highest percentage of dead insects, in a short period of time, was identified when the product was applied at the recommended dose (1%). Also small differences between studied parameters were revealed, but the quality of the samples was not lowered by the higher concentrations of insecticide.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42970541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ADAPTABILITY OF INVASIVE PLANTS TO CLIMATE CHANGE","authors":"Sara González-Orenga, M. Boscaiu, M. Verdeguer, A. Sánchez-Moreiras, L. González, Ó. Vicente","doi":"10.17930/agl202227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl202227","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change represents one of the greatest environmental challenges of the 21<sup<st</sup< century, accentuated by deforestation and the degradation of habitats. Changes in vital aspects such as temperature, the amount and distribution of rainfall or the frequency of extreme meteorological phenomena will probably negatively affect ecosystems. The possibilities of invasion will predictably increase, being endemic species especially vulnerable to the effects of climate change. Invasive species are extremely adaptable to climate variability, as evidenced by their current large latitudinal ranges. Generally, invasive plants also have rapid dispersal characteristics, allowing them to vary their ranges in response to changing climatic conditions rapidly. As a result, these species could become more dominant in many areas under changing climatic conditions. In many situations, the environmental stress generated by climate change and invasive plants are synergistic: invasive species can exacerbate the impacts of climate change on ecosystems, and in the same way, climate change can allow new invasions.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42972898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Petre, R. Teodorescu, F. Stănică, D. Giosanu, G. Tetu
The main aim of this work was to set up the optimal mycotechnology for valorisation of fruit tree wastes by using them as growing sources for Basidiomycetes mushrooms, in order to get eco-friendly and useful products. In vitro experiments were carried out through controlled cultivation of two mushroom species, Ganoderma applanatum and Ganoderma lucidum, on substrates made of fruit tree wastes. There were set up three variants of substrates consisting of lignocellulosic wastes belonging to apple, plum and cherry trees, mixed with cereal grain wastes, such as wheat and barley bran, which were placed in ceramic trays and metal pots. After thermal sterilization and inoculation with the pure mushroom cultures, the substrates were placed inside growth chambers at the temperature of 23 °, the air flow volume exchanges 3-5 m3/h and the relative humidity content 90-95%, RU. The mushroom growth inside the substrates made of lignocellulosic wastes has followed the controlled biotechnological aiming to minimize the duration of cultivation and maximize the final production eco-friendly materials and biodegradable products.
{"title":"MYCOTECHNOLOGY FOR VALORISATION OF FRUIT TREE WASTES AS ECO-FRIENDLY AND USEFUL PRODUCTS","authors":"M. Petre, R. Teodorescu, F. Stănică, D. Giosanu, G. Tetu","doi":"10.17930/agl2022217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl2022217","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of this work was to set up the optimal mycotechnology for valorisation of fruit tree wastes by using them as growing sources for Basidiomycetes mushrooms, in order to get eco-friendly and useful products. In vitro experiments were carried out through controlled cultivation of two mushroom species, Ganoderma applanatum and Ganoderma lucidum, on substrates made of fruit tree wastes. There were set up three variants of substrates consisting of lignocellulosic wastes belonging to apple, plum and cherry trees, mixed with cereal grain wastes, such as wheat and barley bran, which were placed in ceramic trays and metal pots. After thermal sterilization and inoculation with the pure mushroom cultures, the substrates were placed inside growth chambers at the temperature of 23 °, the air flow volume exchanges 3-5 m3/h and the relative humidity content 90-95%, RU. The mushroom growth inside the substrates made of lignocellulosic wastes has followed the controlled biotechnological aiming to minimize the duration of cultivation and maximize the final production eco-friendly materials and biodegradable products.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44261734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Vozhehova, P. Lykhovyd, V. Ushkarenko, S. Lavrenko
The effect of plowing depth (20-22; 28-30 cm), mineral fertilization rates (N-P: 0-0, 60-60, 120-120 kg ha-1), and crops density (35,000, 50,000, 65,000, 80,000 plants ha-1) on the yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) of drip-irrigated sweet corn were studied. The field experiment was conducted in the semi-arid climatic conditions of the South of Ukraine (Kherson oblast) at the dark-chestnut middle-loamy soil. The trials were conducted using split-plot design in four replications. Irrigation scheduling and rates were set by the field water balance method considering the amounts of available soil moisture and precipitation. Manual harvesting of the crop ears was conducted at R3 phenological stage. WUE was calculated as the ratio of the ears’ yield to the gross water use of the crop. Statistical evaluation was performed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression analysis at the probability level of 95%. The studied factors and their interaction had a significant effect on sweet corn productivity and WUE. The best crop productivity along with the best WUE was provided by plowing on 20-22 cm, fertilization rates of 120-120 kg ha
研究了不同耕深(20~22;28~30cm)、施肥量(N—P:0、60~60、120~120 kg ha-1)和作物密度(3.5万株、5万株、6.5万株、8万株ha-1)对滴灌甜玉米产量和水分利用效率的影响。在乌克兰南部(赫尔松州)的半干旱气候条件下,在深色栗色中壤土上进行了田间试验。试验采用四个重复的分割区设计进行。灌溉计划和灌溉速率是通过考虑有效土壤水分和降水量的田间水分平衡法设定的。人工收割的作物穗在R3阶段进行。WUE计算为穗产量与作物总用水量的比值。通过方差分析(ANOVA)和回归分析以95%的概率水平进行统计评估。所研究的因素及其相互作用对甜玉米产量和水分利用效率有显著影响。耕地面积为20~22cm,施肥量为120~120kg ha,提供了最佳的作物生产力和最佳的水分利用率
{"title":"DRIP-IRRIGATED SWEET CORN WATER USE DEPENDING ON THE DEPTH OF PLOWING, MINERAL FERTILIZATION RATES AND CROPS DENSITY","authors":"R. Vozhehova, P. Lykhovyd, V. Ushkarenko, S. Lavrenko","doi":"10.17930/agl2022232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl2022232","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of plowing depth (20-22; 28-30 cm), mineral fertilization rates (N-P: 0-0, 60-60, 120-120 kg ha-1), and crops density (35,000, 50,000, 65,000, 80,000 plants ha-1) on the yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) of drip-irrigated sweet corn were studied. The field experiment was conducted in the semi-arid climatic conditions of the South of Ukraine (Kherson oblast) at the dark-chestnut middle-loamy soil. The trials were conducted using split-plot design in four replications. Irrigation scheduling and rates were set by the field water balance method considering the amounts of available soil moisture and precipitation. Manual harvesting of the crop ears was conducted at R3 phenological stage. WUE was calculated as the ratio of the ears’ yield to the gross water use of the crop. Statistical evaluation was performed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression analysis at the probability level of 95%. The studied factors and their interaction had a significant effect on sweet corn productivity and WUE. The best crop productivity along with the best WUE was provided by plowing on 20-22 cm, fertilization rates of 120-120 kg ha","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48789166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this research the screening of several higher fungi - basidiomycetes cultures for the presence of collagenolytic activity was carried out. The highest collagenase activity was detected in submerged culture of higher fungus Coprinus lagopides. The enzyme preparation of collagenase was isolated from culture liquid of this producer. The optimum temperature and pH of the collagenolytic activity of the enzyme preparation were determined. The selection of nitrogen and carbon sources and ratios of carbon and nitrogen sources in the composition of nutrient mediums was carried out in order to increase the collagenase activity of fungus submerged culture. In addition to the collagenase activity of producers culture the amount of accumulated biomass, pH and protein concentration in the culture liquid of basidiomycete were also determined.
{"title":"CHARACTERISATION OF COLLAGENOLITYC ACTIVITY OF Coprinus spp.","authors":"M. Shamtsyan, B. Kolesnikov, S. Sorokin","doi":"10.17930/agl2022221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl2022221","url":null,"abstract":"In this research the screening of several higher fungi - basidiomycetes cultures for the presence of collagenolytic activity was carried out. The highest collagenase activity was detected in submerged culture of higher fungus Coprinus lagopides. The enzyme preparation of collagenase was isolated from culture liquid of this producer. The optimum temperature and pH of the collagenolytic activity of the enzyme preparation were determined. The selection of nitrogen and carbon sources and ratios of carbon and nitrogen sources in the composition of nutrient mediums was carried out in order to increase the collagenase activity of fungus submerged culture. In addition to the collagenase activity of producers culture the amount of accumulated biomass, pH and protein concentration in the culture liquid of basidiomycete were also determined.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42489704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study aimed to evaluate the potential of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain to tolerate and degrade aliphatic petroleum hydrocarbons. P. aeruginosa IBB
本研究旨在评估铜绿假单胞菌菌株耐受和降解脂肪族石油烃的潜力。铜绿假单胞菌IBB
{"title":"ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS BIODEGRADATION BY A Pseudomonas STRAIN","authors":"M. Stancu","doi":"10.17930/agl2022224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl2022224","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to evaluate the potential of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain to tolerate and degrade aliphatic petroleum hydrocarbons. P. aeruginosa IBB<sub<Ct8</sub< was isolated from a seawater sample using crude oil as the sole carbon source in a minimal medium. The bacterium was identified as P. aeruginosa based on its morphological, biochemical, and molecular characteristics. P. aeruginosa IBB<sub<Ct8</sub<, which possesses alkB (870 bp) and rhlAB (216 bp) genes in its genome, showed a higher tolerance and degradation efficiency of the n-hexadecane, n-decane, cyclohexane, or paraffin oil, compared with the tolerance to n-hexane and its degradation. P. aeruginosa IBB<sub<Ct8</sub< cells produced rhamnolipid biosurfactants which showed a very good emulsification activity against the tested aliphatic hydrocarbons. Due to its characteristics, the isolated bacterium could be used in the bioremediation of petroleum-polluted environments.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49346477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Bărbulescu, C. Dumitrache, C. Diguță, M. Begea, P. M. Matei, M. Frîncu, Simona Ioana Mărculescu, Alexandru Ciric, V. Tudor, Elena Mirela Boroiu, R. Teodorescu
The grape surface hosts a complex community of yeast Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces species responsible for spontaneous alcoholic fermentation in wine industry. The yeast strains used for this study were isolated from ‘Tămâioasă Românească’ and ‘Busuioacă de Bohotin’ grape varieties from Pietroasa vineyard, and the isolates were identified through a molecular method. Identification of yeast strains through the BLASTn analysis of the 5.8S-ITS region revealed that PFE5 strain showed the best sequence match to Saccharomyces cerevisiae (98% similarity) and PFE15 strain to Starmerella bacillaris (99.78% similarity), respectively. In this first micro-pilot study, the differences between Sacharomyces and non-Saccharomyces yeasts in batch (for Starmella bacillaris) and fed-batch fermentation system (for S. cerevisae) and how these regimes influence the culture growth were assessed. The applied fed-batch process was capable for producing two times more S. cerevisae yeast biomass than Starmella bacillaris through a batch process. In addition, the yield of S. cerevisiae converting the substrate into biomass was 42.3%, almost double compared to the yield of Starmella bacillaris. Moreover, the cell wet weight (WCW) for S. cerevisae was 32.5 g/L and for Starmella bacillaris 15.35 g/L, respectively. Both yeast biomass will be used at Pietroasa winery for inoculation separately or mixed as co-culture for ‘Tămâioasă Românească’ and ‘Busuioacă de Bohotin’ grape juice.
葡萄表面有一个复杂的酵母菌群落,酵母菌和非酵母菌负责葡萄酒工业中自发的酒精发酵。本研究所使用的酵母菌是从Pietroasa葡萄园的‘t mioasei rom neascei’和‘busuioacei de Bohotin’葡萄品种中分离得到的,并通过分子方法对其进行了鉴定。通过5.8S-ITS区的BLASTn分析对酵母菌进行鉴定,结果显示PFE5菌株与酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)和PFE15菌株的序列匹配度分别为98%和99.78%。在这第一个微型中试研究中,我们评估了酵母和非酵母在分批发酵系统(用于杆菌Starmella bacillaris)和补料分批发酵系统(用于酿酒酵母S. cerevisae)中的差异,以及这些制度如何影响培养物的生长。采用间歇补料法生产的酿酒酵母生物量是间歇法生产的芽孢星菌的两倍。此外,酿酒酵母将底物转化为生物量的产量为42.3%,几乎是杆菌Starmella bacillaris的两倍。酿酒酵母的细胞湿重(WCW)为32.5 g/L,芽孢杆菌的细胞湿重为15.35 g/L。这两种酵母生物量将在Pietroasa酿酒厂单独接种或混合培养' t mioasei rom neascei '和' busuioacei de Bohotin '葡萄汁。
{"title":"EVOLUTION AT THE MICROFERMENTER LEVEL OF THE GROWTH DYNAMICS OF Saccharomyces cerevisiae AND Starmella bacillaris YEASTS WITH POTENTIAL FOR USE IN WINEMAKING AT THE PIETROASA WINERY","authors":"I. Bărbulescu, C. Dumitrache, C. Diguță, M. Begea, P. M. Matei, M. Frîncu, Simona Ioana Mărculescu, Alexandru Ciric, V. Tudor, Elena Mirela Boroiu, R. Teodorescu","doi":"10.17930/agl202221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl202221","url":null,"abstract":"The grape surface hosts a complex community of yeast Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces species responsible for spontaneous alcoholic fermentation in wine industry. The yeast strains used for this study were isolated from ‘Tămâioasă Românească’ and ‘Busuioacă de Bohotin’ grape varieties from Pietroasa vineyard, and the isolates were identified through a molecular method. Identification of yeast strains through the BLASTn analysis of the 5.8S-ITS region revealed that PFE5 strain showed the best sequence match to Saccharomyces cerevisiae (98% similarity) and PFE15 strain to Starmerella bacillaris (99.78% similarity), respectively. In this first micro-pilot study, the differences between Sacharomyces and non-Saccharomyces yeasts in batch (for Starmella bacillaris) and fed-batch fermentation system (for S. cerevisae) and how these regimes influence the culture growth were assessed. The applied fed-batch process was capable for producing two times more S. cerevisae yeast biomass than Starmella bacillaris through a batch process. In addition, the yield of S. cerevisiae converting the substrate into biomass was 42.3%, almost double compared to the yield of Starmella bacillaris. Moreover, the cell wet weight (WCW) for S. cerevisae was 32.5 g/L and for Starmella bacillaris 15.35 g/L, respectively. Both yeast biomass will be used at Pietroasa winery for inoculation separately or mixed as co-culture for ‘Tămâioasă Românească’ and ‘Busuioacă de Bohotin’ grape juice.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41694851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Lazăr, G. Duca, C. Sandru, D. Olah, M. Spînu, E. Páll, C. Cerbu, Ovidiu Giurgiu, A. Potărniche, A. Vasi̇u
Antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus is increasing worldwide and is becoming a global concern. The present report exposes the study of the antibiotic susceptibility in isolates of Staphylococcus spp obtained from farm pigs. The samples were collected from healthy pigs, from different farms, in the period between 2019-2020. Forty strains of Staphylococcus were isolated from the anterior nares of individual pigs, and from the skin behind the ears of the animals. These isolates were tested against 12 different antimicrobial agents using the Kirby-Bauer disk-diffusion method. The antibiotic susceptibility profile of different bacteria isolates was studied to detect MAR, MDR. Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indices were determined and it was above 0.2 in 24 of the total of 40 bacteria studied. The highest MAR index was detected in Staphylococcus lentus (0.5) and Staphylococcus xylosus (0.41) and 26 (65%) strains was MDR. In conclusion, the high levels of antibiotic resistance generally correlates with high antibiotic usage and antibiotics used are a risk to humans with occupational contact with livestock antibiotics.
{"title":"ANTIBIOTIC PROFILE OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM THE SKIN SURFACE FROM EXTENSIVELY RAISED SWINE","authors":"C. Lazăr, G. Duca, C. Sandru, D. Olah, M. Spînu, E. Páll, C. Cerbu, Ovidiu Giurgiu, A. Potărniche, A. Vasi̇u","doi":"10.17930/agl2022210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl2022210","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus is increasing worldwide and is becoming a global concern. The present report exposes the study of the antibiotic susceptibility in isolates of Staphylococcus spp obtained from farm pigs. The samples were collected from healthy pigs, from different farms, in the period between 2019-2020. Forty strains of Staphylococcus were isolated from the anterior nares of individual pigs, and from the skin behind the ears of the animals. These isolates were tested against 12 different antimicrobial agents using the Kirby-Bauer disk-diffusion method. The antibiotic susceptibility profile of different bacteria isolates was studied to detect MAR, MDR. Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indices were determined and it was above 0.2 in 24 of the total of 40 bacteria studied. The highest MAR index was detected in Staphylococcus lentus (0.5) and Staphylococcus xylosus (0.41) and 26 (65%) strains was MDR. In conclusion, the high levels of antibiotic resistance generally correlates with high antibiotic usage and antibiotics used are a risk to humans with occupational contact with livestock antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45793829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paul Adrian Bor, G. Duca, C. Sandru, D. Olah, M. Spînu, E. Páll, C. Cerbu, E. Ungureanu, A. Potărniche, A. Vasi̇u
This study investigates influence of the anti-anthrax vaccination on blast transformation capacity of the leukocytes and also the possible in vitro influence of two, taxonomically different, autochthonous plants, Calendula officinalis and Vaccinium mirtyllus in promoting post-vaccinal proliferation. For that, blood was sampled on heparine (50 IU/ml) before and two weeks after the anti-anthrax vaccination (R 1190 Stamatin strain) of twenty-three dairy cows and 11 calves raised extensively. Blood samples were subjected to the in vitro blast transformation test, where glucose consumption was read after 72 hours of incubation at 37oC by the o-toluidine test. The experimental variants included samples treated with alcoholic extracts of the plants (7.5 µ/ml). There was a statistically significant increase in all the stimulation indices after the vaccination of the animals in cows, including those for Vaccinium myrtillus (48.57±13.27 to 53.53±12.49, p=0.02) and Calendulla officinalis (56.39±12.57 and 61.51±13.85, p=0.01). The increase induced in the growth of calf lymphocytes by the two plants was non-significant post vaccination. Both extracts could be used to enhance cell mediated immunity but there was an age dependent improvement of their in vitro response.
{"title":"COULD VEGETAL EXTRACTS ENHANCE THE CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY AND ALEVIATE VACCINATION STRESS IN DAIRY CATTLE?","authors":"Paul Adrian Bor, G. Duca, C. Sandru, D. Olah, M. Spînu, E. Páll, C. Cerbu, E. Ungureanu, A. Potărniche, A. Vasi̇u","doi":"10.17930/agl202223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl202223","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates influence of the anti-anthrax vaccination on blast transformation capacity of the leukocytes and also the possible in vitro influence of two, taxonomically different, autochthonous plants, Calendula officinalis and Vaccinium mirtyllus in promoting post-vaccinal proliferation. For that, blood was sampled on heparine (50 IU/ml) before and two weeks after the anti-anthrax vaccination (R 1190 Stamatin strain) of twenty-three dairy cows and 11 calves raised extensively. Blood samples were subjected to the in vitro blast transformation test, where glucose consumption was read after 72 hours of incubation at 37oC by the o-toluidine test. The experimental variants included samples treated with alcoholic extracts of the plants (7.5 µ/ml). There was a statistically significant increase in all the stimulation indices after the vaccination of the animals in cows, including those for Vaccinium myrtillus (48.57±13.27 to 53.53±12.49, p=0.02) and Calendulla officinalis (56.39±12.57 and 61.51±13.85, p=0.01). The increase induced in the growth of calf lymphocytes by the two plants was non-significant post vaccination. Both extracts could be used to enhance cell mediated immunity but there was an age dependent improvement of their in vitro response.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42045065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}