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PHYSICOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF THE GRAPE AND WINE OF THE BLATINA, TRNJAK AND VRANAC IN DIFFERENT VINTAGES 不同年份blatiina, trnjak和vranac葡萄和葡萄酒的理化评价
IF 0.5 Q4 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.17930/agl2023113
T. Jovanović-Cvetković, Rada Grbić, Silva Grobelnikmlakar, B. Bosancic, M. Cvetkovic
Typicality and style of wine are closely related to the varietal character of grapes, ecological properties of the locality, and the specificities of the winemaking process. For this reason, autochthonous and indigenous grape varieties are increasingly the subject of many studies. To protect their uniqueness, in the region of Hercegovina (Bosnia and Herzegovina), indigenous grape varieties are part of the current grape and wine production. Therefore, the subject of a two-year study (2018-2019) were indigenous wine varieties: Blatina, Trnjak, and Vranac. Variations in the values of the analyzed parameters were a consequence of the significant and/or highly significant influence of the variety and year. Blatina stood out from other varieties with the highest average cluster weight (364.90 g) and the highest wine color intensity (10.71). Trnjak had the highest total anthocyanin content in the grape skin and total polyphenol content in the grape seeds (1090.198 mg/kg grapes; 1755.195 mg/kg grapes), while Vranac had the highest polyphenol content in the grape skin (1823.961 mg/kg grapes), the highest TSS level (21.55% Brix), and consequently, the highest alcohol content in the wine (12.07% v/v).
葡萄酒的类型和风格与葡萄的品种特征、当地的生态特性和酿酒工艺的特殊性密切相关。因此,本地和本土葡萄品种越来越多地成为许多研究的主题。为了保护其独特性,在黑塞哥维那(波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那)地区,当地葡萄品种是目前葡萄和葡萄酒生产的一部分。因此,一项为期两年的研究(2018-2019)的主题是本土葡萄酒品种:Blatina、Trnjak和Vranc。分析参数值的变化是品种和年份的显著和/或高度显著影响的结果。Blatina以最高的平均簇重(364.90 g)和最高的葡萄酒色泽强度(10.71)在其他品种中脱颖而出。Trnjak的葡萄皮中总花青素含量和葡萄籽中总多酚含量最高(1090.198 mg/kg葡萄;1755.195 mg/kg葡萄),而Vranc的葡萄皮多酚含量最高,为1823.961 mg/kg葡萄,最高的TSS水平(21.55%Brix),因此葡萄酒中的酒精含量最高(12.07%v/v)。
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引用次数: 0
INFLUENCE OF INSECTICIDES FOR STORED GRAIN PROTECTION ON THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF WINTER WHEAT 储粮保护用杀虫剂对冬小麦技术性能的影响
IF 0.5 Q4 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.17930/agl202224
Gavrilă Borza, L. Păcurar, F. Russu, I. Gaga, Sebastian Chirita, T. Florian, I. Oltean, R. Rezi, C. Urdǎ
During storage, the aim is to keep the quality and quantity of agricultural products at a high level, without the risk of contamination. The most common storage pests are: Sitophilus granarius, Acarus siro, Caulophilus latinasus, Trimbolium consufusum and Trimbolium castaneum. Due to its multiple uses: in human and animal nutrition, winter wheat is one of the most valuable crops in the world. Seed quality can be influenced by the genetic factor also by the phytosanitary aspect during storage. Sitophilus granarius is one of the main storage pests that attacks wheat grains, barley and rye. During storage, the pests can greatly affect the quality of the seeds and also of the food. The flour resulting from the infested grains is unsuitable for consumption, having an unpleasant smell and bitter taste. The paper aimed to present the efficacy of four different concentrations (0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 1%) of a modern liquid pyrethroid formulation against wheat weevil, in a three year experiment conducted in three different sizes grain warehouses. Also, the chemical composition of stored winter wheat seeds was determined using NIR spectroscopy, on unground samples. As expected, the highest percentage of dead insects, in a short period of time, was identified when the product was applied at the recommended dose (1%). Also small differences between studied parameters were revealed, but the quality of the samples was not lowered by the higher concentrations of insecticide.
在储存过程中,目的是保持农产品的质量和数量在一个高水平,没有污染的风险。最常见的贮藏害虫有:谷物象、西葫芦、拉丁花椒、消费金曲霉和castaneum。冬小麦在人类和动物营养方面具有多种用途,是世界上最有价值的作物之一。种子品质既受遗传因素的影响,也受贮藏过程中植物检疫方面的影响。小麦象虫是小麦、大麦和黑麦的主要贮藏害虫之一。在贮藏过程中,害虫会极大地影响种子和食物的质量。由受感染的谷物制成的面粉不适合食用,有难闻的气味和苦味。本文在3个不同规模的粮仓中进行了为期3年的实验,目的是研究四种不同浓度(0.125%、0.25%、0.5%和1%)的现代拟除虫菊酯液体制剂对小麦象鼻虫的效果。此外,储存的冬小麦种子的化学成分用近红外光谱测定,在未研磨的样品。正如预期的那样,当产品以推荐剂量(1%)施用时,在短时间内发现的死亡昆虫百分比最高。不同浓度杀虫剂对样品质量影响不大,但对样品质量影响不大。
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引用次数: 0
ADAPTABILITY OF INVASIVE PLANTS TO CLIMATE CHANGE 入侵植物对气候变化的适应性
IF 0.5 Q4 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.17930/agl202227
Sara González-Orenga, M. Boscaiu, M. Verdeguer, A. Sánchez-Moreiras, L. González, Ó. Vicente
Climate change represents one of the greatest environmental challenges of the 21
气候变化是21世纪最大的环境挑战之一,森林砍伐和栖息地退化加剧了这一挑战。诸如温度、降雨的数量和分布或极端气象现象的频率等重要方面的变化可能会对生态系统产生负面影响。可以预见,入侵的可能性将会增加,因为地方性物种特别容易受到气候变化的影响。入侵物种对气候变化的适应能力极强,它们目前的纬度分布范围很大。一般来说,入侵植物还具有快速扩散的特征,使它们能够迅速改变其范围以响应不断变化的气候条件。因此,在气候条件不断变化的情况下,这些物种可能在许多地区变得更占优势。在许多情况下,气候变化和入侵植物产生的环境压力是协同的:入侵物种可以加剧气候变化对生态系统的影响,同样,气候变化可以允许新的入侵。
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引用次数: 0
MYCOTECHNOLOGY FOR VALORISATION OF FRUIT TREE WASTES AS ECO-FRIENDLY AND USEFUL PRODUCTS 真菌技术将果树废弃物作为环保和有用的产品进行估价
IF 0.5 Q4 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.17930/agl2022217
M. Petre, R. Teodorescu, F. Stănică, D. Giosanu, G. Tetu
The main aim of this work was to set up the optimal mycotechnology for valorisation of fruit tree wastes by using them as growing sources for Basidiomycetes mushrooms, in order to get eco-friendly and useful products. In vitro experiments were carried out through controlled cultivation of two mushroom species, Ganoderma applanatum and Ganoderma lucidum, on substrates made of fruit tree wastes. There were set up three variants of substrates consisting of lignocellulosic wastes belonging to apple, plum and cherry trees, mixed with cereal grain wastes, such as wheat and barley bran, which were placed in ceramic trays and metal pots. After thermal sterilization and inoculation with the pure mushroom cultures, the substrates were placed inside growth chambers at the temperature of 23 °, the air flow volume exchanges 3-5 m3/h and the relative humidity content 90-95%, RU. The mushroom growth inside the substrates made of lignocellulosic wastes has followed the controlled biotechnological aiming to minimize the duration of cultivation and maximize the final production eco-friendly materials and biodegradable products.
本工作的主要目的是建立最佳的真菌技术,利用果树废弃物作为担子菌蘑菇的生长源,以获得环保和有用的产品。通过在果树废弃物基质上的对照培养,对两种蘑菇进行了离体实验。他们设置了三种不同的基质,由属于苹果、李子和樱桃树的木质纤维素废物组成,混合谷物废物,如小麦和大麦麸皮,它们被放置在陶瓷托盘和金属锅中。用纯菌种热灭菌接种后,将底物置于温度为23°的生长室内,空气流量3-5 m3/h,相对湿度90-95%,RU。在木质纤维素废弃物的基质中,蘑菇的生长遵循可控的生物技术,旨在最大限度地减少培养时间,最大限度地提高最终生产的环保材料和可生物降解产品。
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引用次数: 0
DRIP-IRRIGATED SWEET CORN WATER USE DEPENDING ON THE DEPTH OF PLOWING, MINERAL FERTILIZATION RATES AND CROPS DENSITY 滴灌甜玉米水的使用取决于犁耕深度、矿物施肥率和作物密度
IF 0.5 Q4 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.17930/agl2022232
R. Vozhehova, P. Lykhovyd, V. Ushkarenko, S. Lavrenko
The effect of plowing depth (20-22; 28-30 cm), mineral fertilization rates (N-P: 0-0, 60-60, 120-120 kg ha-1), and crops density (35,000, 50,000, 65,000, 80,000 plants ha-1) on the yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) of drip-irrigated sweet corn were studied. The field experiment was conducted in the semi-arid climatic conditions of the South of Ukraine (Kherson oblast) at the dark-chestnut middle-loamy soil. The trials were conducted using split-plot design in four replications. Irrigation scheduling and rates were set by the field water balance method considering the amounts of available soil moisture and precipitation. Manual harvesting of the crop ears was conducted at R3 phenological stage. WUE was calculated as the ratio of the ears’ yield to the gross water use of the crop. Statistical evaluation was performed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression analysis at the probability level of 95%. The studied factors and their interaction had a significant effect on sweet corn productivity and WUE. The best crop productivity along with the best WUE was provided by plowing on 20-22 cm, fertilization rates of 120-120 kg ha
研究了不同耕深(20~22;28~30cm)、施肥量(N—P:0、60~60、120~120 kg ha-1)和作物密度(3.5万株、5万株、6.5万株、8万株ha-1)对滴灌甜玉米产量和水分利用效率的影响。在乌克兰南部(赫尔松州)的半干旱气候条件下,在深色栗色中壤土上进行了田间试验。试验采用四个重复的分割区设计进行。灌溉计划和灌溉速率是通过考虑有效土壤水分和降水量的田间水分平衡法设定的。人工收割的作物穗在R3阶段进行。WUE计算为穗产量与作物总用水量的比值。通过方差分析(ANOVA)和回归分析以95%的概率水平进行统计评估。所研究的因素及其相互作用对甜玉米产量和水分利用效率有显著影响。耕地面积为20~22cm,施肥量为120~120kg ha,提供了最佳的作物生产力和最佳的水分利用率
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引用次数: 0
CHARACTERISATION OF COLLAGENOLITYC ACTIVITY OF Coprinus spp. 鸡鸡属胶原蛋白活性的表征。
IF 0.5 Q4 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.17930/agl2022221
M. Shamtsyan, B. Kolesnikov, S. Sorokin
In this research the screening of several higher fungi - basidiomycetes cultures for the presence of collagenolytic activity was carried out. The highest collagenase activity was detected in submerged culture of higher fungus Coprinus lagopides. The enzyme preparation of collagenase was isolated from culture liquid of this producer. The optimum temperature and pH of the collagenolytic activity of the enzyme preparation were determined. The selection of nitrogen and carbon sources and ratios of carbon and nitrogen sources in the composition of nutrient mediums was carried out in order to increase the collagenase activity of fungus submerged culture. In addition to the collagenase activity of producers culture the amount of accumulated biomass, pH and protein concentration in the culture liquid of basidiomycete were also determined.
本研究对几种具有胶原溶解活性的高等真菌担子菌进行了筛选。胶原酶活性在高等真菌鸡腿菇的深层培养中最高。从该菌培养液中分离出胶原酶制剂。确定了酶制剂的最佳解胶原活性温度和pH。为了提高真菌深层培养的胶原酶活性,进行了氮碳源的选择和营养培养基组成中碳氮源比例的研究。除测定菌种胶原酶活性外,还测定了担子菌培养液的累积生物量、pH和蛋白质浓度。
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引用次数: 0
ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS BIODEGRADATION BY A Pseudomonas STRAIN 假单胞菌对脂肪烃的生物降解
IF 0.5 Q4 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.17930/agl2022224
M. Stancu
The present study aimed to evaluate the potential of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain to tolerate and degrade aliphatic petroleum hydrocarbons. P. aeruginosa IBB
本研究旨在评估铜绿假单胞菌菌株耐受和降解脂肪族石油烃的潜力。铜绿假单胞菌IBB
{"title":"ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS BIODEGRADATION BY A Pseudomonas STRAIN","authors":"M. Stancu","doi":"10.17930/agl2022224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl2022224","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to evaluate the potential of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain to tolerate and degrade aliphatic petroleum hydrocarbons. P. aeruginosa IBB<sub<Ct8</sub< was isolated from a seawater sample using crude oil as the sole carbon source in a minimal medium. The bacterium was identified as P. aeruginosa based on its morphological, biochemical, and molecular characteristics. P. aeruginosa IBB<sub<Ct8</sub<, which possesses alkB (870 bp) and rhlAB (216 bp) genes in its genome, showed a higher tolerance and degradation efficiency of the n-hexadecane, n-decane, cyclohexane, or paraffin oil, compared with the tolerance to n-hexane and its degradation. P. aeruginosa IBB<sub<Ct8</sub< cells produced rhamnolipid biosurfactants which showed a very good emulsification activity against the tested aliphatic hydrocarbons. Due to its characteristics, the isolated bacterium could be used in the bioremediation of petroleum-polluted environments.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49346477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
EVOLUTION AT THE MICROFERMENTER LEVEL OF THE GROWTH DYNAMICS OF Saccharomyces cerevisiae AND Starmella bacillaris YEASTS WITH POTENTIAL FOR USE IN WINEMAKING AT THE PIETROASA WINERY 在微发酵水平上酿酒酵母菌和芽孢星菌的生长动态演变,在皮特罗萨酒庄具有潜在的酿酒用途
IF 0.5 Q4 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.17930/agl202221
I. Bărbulescu, C. Dumitrache, C. Diguță, M. Begea, P. M. Matei, M. Frîncu, Simona Ioana Mărculescu, Alexandru Ciric, V. Tudor, Elena Mirela Boroiu, R. Teodorescu
The grape surface hosts a complex community of yeast Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces species responsible for spontaneous alcoholic fermentation in wine industry. The yeast strains used for this study were isolated from ‘Tămâioasă Românească’ and ‘Busuioacă de Bohotin’ grape varieties from Pietroasa vineyard, and the isolates were identified through a molecular method. Identification of yeast strains through the BLASTn analysis of the 5.8S-ITS region revealed that PFE5 strain showed the best sequence match to Saccharomyces cerevisiae (98% similarity) and PFE15 strain to Starmerella bacillaris (99.78% similarity), respectively. In this first micro-pilot study, the differences between Sacharomyces and non-Saccharomyces yeasts in batch (for Starmella bacillaris) and fed-batch fermentation system (for S. cerevisae) and how these regimes influence the culture growth were assessed. The applied fed-batch process was capable for producing two times more S. cerevisae yeast biomass than Starmella bacillaris through a batch process. In addition, the yield of S. cerevisiae converting the substrate into biomass was 42.3%, almost double compared to the yield of Starmella bacillaris. Moreover, the cell wet weight (WCW) for S. cerevisae was 32.5 g/L and for Starmella bacillaris 15.35 g/L, respectively. Both yeast biomass will be used at Pietroasa winery for inoculation separately or mixed as co-culture for ‘Tămâioasă Românească’ and ‘Busuioacă de Bohotin’ grape juice.
葡萄表面有一个复杂的酵母菌群落,酵母菌和非酵母菌负责葡萄酒工业中自发的酒精发酵。本研究所使用的酵母菌是从Pietroasa葡萄园的‘t mioasei rom neascei’和‘busuioacei de Bohotin’葡萄品种中分离得到的,并通过分子方法对其进行了鉴定。通过5.8S-ITS区的BLASTn分析对酵母菌进行鉴定,结果显示PFE5菌株与酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)和PFE15菌株的序列匹配度分别为98%和99.78%。在这第一个微型中试研究中,我们评估了酵母和非酵母在分批发酵系统(用于杆菌Starmella bacillaris)和补料分批发酵系统(用于酿酒酵母S. cerevisae)中的差异,以及这些制度如何影响培养物的生长。采用间歇补料法生产的酿酒酵母生物量是间歇法生产的芽孢星菌的两倍。此外,酿酒酵母将底物转化为生物量的产量为42.3%,几乎是杆菌Starmella bacillaris的两倍。酿酒酵母的细胞湿重(WCW)为32.5 g/L,芽孢杆菌的细胞湿重为15.35 g/L。这两种酵母生物量将在Pietroasa酿酒厂单独接种或混合培养' t mioasei rom neascei '和' busuioacei de Bohotin '葡萄汁。
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引用次数: 1
ANTIBIOTIC PROFILE OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM THE SKIN SURFACE FROM EXTENSIVELY RAISED SWINE 从广泛饲养的猪皮肤表面分离的细菌的抗生素谱
IF 0.5 Q4 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.17930/agl2022210
C. Lazăr, G. Duca, C. Sandru, D. Olah, M. Spînu, E. Páll, C. Cerbu, Ovidiu Giurgiu, A. Potărniche, A. Vasi̇u
Antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus is increasing worldwide and is becoming a global concern. The present report exposes the study of the antibiotic susceptibility in isolates of Staphylococcus spp obtained from farm pigs. The samples were collected from healthy pigs, from different farms, in the period between 2019-2020. Forty strains of Staphylococcus were isolated from the anterior nares of individual pigs, and from the skin behind the ears of the animals. These isolates were tested against 12 different antimicrobial agents using the Kirby-Bauer disk-diffusion method. The antibiotic susceptibility profile of different bacteria isolates was studied to detect MAR, MDR. Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indices were determined and it was above 0.2 in 24 of the total of 40 bacteria studied. The highest MAR index was detected in Staphylococcus lentus (0.5) and Staphylococcus xylosus (0.41) and 26 (65%) strains was MDR. In conclusion, the high levels of antibiotic resistance generally correlates with high antibiotic usage and antibiotics used are a risk to humans with occupational contact with livestock antibiotics.
葡萄球菌的抗生素耐药性正在全球范围内增加,并成为全球关注的问题。本报告报道了从农场猪中分离的葡萄球菌对抗生素的敏感性研究。这些样本是在2019-2020年期间从不同农场的健康猪身上采集的。从猪的前鼻孔和动物耳朵后面的皮肤中分离出40株葡萄球菌。使用Kirby-Bauer圆盘扩散法对这些分离物进行了针对12种不同抗菌剂的测试。研究了不同菌株的抗生素敏感性谱以检测MAR、MDR。测定了多种抗生素耐药性(MAR)指标,在所研究的40株细菌中,有24株的MAR高于0.2。MAR指数最高的是肠葡萄球菌(0.5)和木葡萄球菌(0.41),26株(65%)为耐多药菌株。总之,高水平的抗生素耐药性通常与高抗生素使用量有关,使用的抗生素对职业接触牲畜抗生素的人来说是一种风险。
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引用次数: 1
COULD VEGETAL EXTRACTS ENHANCE THE CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY AND ALEVIATE VACCINATION STRESS IN DAIRY CATTLE? 植物提取物能增强奶牛的细胞介导免疫,缓解疫苗接种压力吗?
IF 0.5 Q4 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.17930/agl202223
Paul Adrian Bor, G. Duca, C. Sandru, D. Olah, M. Spînu, E. Páll, C. Cerbu, E. Ungureanu, A. Potărniche, A. Vasi̇u
This study investigates influence of the anti-anthrax vaccination on blast transformation capacity of the leukocytes and also the possible in vitro influence of two, taxonomically different, autochthonous plants, Calendula officinalis and Vaccinium mirtyllus in promoting post-vaccinal proliferation. For that, blood was sampled on heparine (50 IU/ml) before and two weeks after the anti-anthrax vaccination (R 1190 Stamatin strain) of twenty-three dairy cows and 11 calves raised extensively. Blood samples were subjected to the in vitro blast transformation test, where glucose consumption was read after 72 hours of incubation at 37oC by the o-toluidine test. The experimental variants included samples treated with alcoholic extracts of the plants (7.5 µ/ml). There was a statistically significant increase in all the stimulation indices after the vaccination of the animals in cows, including those for Vaccinium myrtillus (48.57±13.27 to 53.53±12.49, p=0.02) and Calendulla officinalis (56.39±12.57 and 61.51±13.85, p=0.01). The increase induced in the growth of calf lymphocytes by the two plants was non-significant post vaccination. Both extracts could be used to enhance cell mediated immunity but there was an age dependent improvement of their in vitro response.
本研究调查了抗炭疽疫苗接种对白细胞爆炸转化能力的影响,以及两种分类不同的本地植物金盏花和越橘在体外促进疫苗接种后增殖的可能影响。为此,在对23头奶牛和11头广泛饲养的小牛进行抗炭疽疫苗接种(R 1190 Stamatin株)前和接种后两周,用肝素(50 IU/ml)抽血。对血液样本进行体外冲击波转化试验,在37℃下培养72小时后,通过邻甲苯胺试验读取葡萄糖消耗量。实验变体包括用植物醇提取物(7.5µ/ml)处理的样品。奶牛接种疫苗后,所有刺激指数均有统计学意义的增加,包括越橘(48.57±13.27至53.53±12.49,p=0.02)和金盏花(56.39±12.57和61.51±13.85,p=0.01)。这两种提取物都可以用来增强细胞介导的免疫,但它们的体外反应有年龄依赖性的改善。
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引用次数: 0
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AgroLife Scientific Journal
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