I. Calciu, A. Manea, V. Mocanu, O. Vizitiu, S. Dumitru
The rational and efficient management of land resources, in the frame of a sustainable agriculture and environment protection, have to be based on the operational, and at the same time, more detailed and accurate knowledge of soil resources. This knowledge is based on soil information obtained by carrying out soil surveys and field research, and by laboratory measurements of main soil physical and chemical parameters. Thus, the basic soil information, consisting primarily of data on soil profiles representative of the study areas is obtained. The objective of this paper is to develop several applications for coupling georeferenced data from Geographic Information System of Soil Resources SIGSTAR-200 with the information of soil profiles from the Soil Quality Monitoring Network 8 km x 8 km. The spatial distribution of existing soil profiles, as well as the distribution of soil types have been studied, and their representativeness is determined. IT applications have been developed to highlight the number of profiles consistent with the polygons containing them, or with the neighbouring polygons. The soil areas that are described by a profile from the soil profiles database (having a profile which is located inside the polygon) are also established.
在可持续农业和环境保护的框架内，对土地资源进行合理有效的管理，必须建立在对土壤资源有更详细和准确的了解的基础上。这些知识基于通过进行土壤调查和实地研究以及通过实验室测量主要土壤物理和化学参数获得的土壤信息。因此，获得了主要由代表研究区域的土壤剖面数据组成的基本土壤信息。本文的目的是开发几种应用程序，将土壤资源地理信息系统SIGSTAR-200的地理参考数据与土壤质量监测网络8km x 8km的土壤剖面信息相耦合。研究了现有土壤剖面的空间分布以及土壤类型的分布，并确定它们的代表性。已经开发了IT应用程序来突出与包含它们的多边形或与相邻多边形一致的轮廓的数量。还建立了由土壤剖面数据库中的剖面描述的土壤区域（具有位于多边形内部的剖面）。
{"title":"JOINING THE GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM OF SOIL RESOURCES (SIGSTAR-200) WITH SOIL PROFILES INFORMATION FROM THE NATIONAL NETWORK FOR SOIL QUALITY MONITORING 8 KM X 8 KM","authors":"I. Calciu, A. Manea, V. Mocanu, O. Vizitiu, S. Dumitru","doi":"10.17930/agl202314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl202314","url":null,"abstract":"The rational and efficient management of land resources, in the frame of a sustainable agriculture and environment protection, have to be based on the operational, and at the same time, more detailed and accurate knowledge of soil resources. This knowledge is based on soil information obtained by carrying out soil surveys and field research, and by laboratory measurements of main soil physical and chemical parameters. Thus, the basic soil information, consisting primarily of data on soil profiles representative of the study areas is obtained. The objective of this paper is to develop several applications for coupling georeferenced data from Geographic Information System of Soil Resources SIGSTAR-200 with the information of soil profiles from the Soil Quality Monitoring Network 8 km x 8 km. The spatial distribution of existing soil profiles, as well as the distribution of soil types have been studied, and their representativeness is determined. IT applications have been developed to highlight the number of profiles consistent with the polygons containing them, or with the neighbouring polygons. The soil areas that are described by a profile from the soil profiles database (having a profile which is located inside the polygon) are also established.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46254327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Tkachenko, Yelyzaveta Zadubinna, Iryna Kondratiuk, O. Tsyuk, Yuliia Tsiuk
The article presents the results of studies on the effectiveness of various systems of basic soil cultivation and fertilizer systems for growing winter wheat, and their impact on the physicochemical properties of typical black soil and organic matter content. The experiment included plough tillage, tillage with a 10-12 cm disc harrow, 'No-till' technology, and a mineral fertilizer system - source-saving minimized and intensive. The study was conducted in the agrocenosis of winter wheat. The results showed that shallow tillage with a disc harrow and resource-saving minimized mineral fertilizer increased the humus content in the 0-15 cm layer by 0.04% and in the 15-30 cm layer by 0.03% compared to inversion tillage. High rates of hydrolytic acidity (1.61-2.92 mol/m3/100 g of soil) were noted at all doses of mineral fertilizer when using inversion tillage. More optimized indicators of the sum of exchangeable bases of typical chernozem in a layer of 15-30 cm were noted during inversion tillage - 28.0 mol/m3/100 g of soil. The lowest value of the sum of exchangeable bases in the 15-30 cm layer was noted using the No-till technology - 27.6 mol/m3/100 g of soil. High rates of hydrolytic acidity (1.61-2.92 mol/m3/100 g of soil) were observed at all doses of mineral fertilizer using surface tillage. More optimized indicators of the sum of exchangeable alkaline of typical black soil in a layer of 15-30 cm were noted during shelf tillage - 28.0 mol/m3/100 g of soil. The lowest value of the sum of exchangeable alkalines in the soil layer of 15-30 cm according to the No-till technology was 27.6 mol/m3/100 g of soil.
{"title":"CHANGES IN PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND HUMUS CONTENT OF TYPICAL BLACK SOIL IN TREATMENT AND FERTILIZER SYSTEMS","authors":"M. Tkachenko, Yelyzaveta Zadubinna, Iryna Kondratiuk, O. Tsyuk, Yuliia Tsiuk","doi":"10.17930/agl2023125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl2023125","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of studies on the effectiveness of various systems of basic soil cultivation and fertilizer systems for growing winter wheat, and their impact on the physicochemical properties of typical black soil and organic matter content. The experiment included plough tillage, tillage with a 10-12 cm disc harrow, 'No-till' technology, and a mineral fertilizer system - source-saving minimized and intensive. The study was conducted in the agrocenosis of winter wheat. The results showed that shallow tillage with a disc harrow and resource-saving minimized mineral fertilizer increased the humus content in the 0-15 cm layer by 0.04% and in the 15-30 cm layer by 0.03% compared to inversion tillage. High rates of hydrolytic acidity (1.61-2.92 mol/m3/100 g of soil) were noted at all doses of mineral fertilizer when using inversion tillage. More optimized indicators of the sum of exchangeable bases of typical chernozem in a layer of 15-30 cm were noted during inversion tillage - 28.0 mol/m3/100 g of soil. The lowest value of the sum of exchangeable bases in the 15-30 cm layer was noted using the No-till technology - 27.6 mol/m3/100 g of soil. High rates of hydrolytic acidity (1.61-2.92 mol/m3/100 g of soil) were observed at all doses of mineral fertilizer using surface tillage. More optimized indicators of the sum of exchangeable alkaline of typical black soil in a layer of 15-30 cm were noted during shelf tillage - 28.0 mol/m3/100 g of soil. The lowest value of the sum of exchangeable alkalines in the soil layer of 15-30 cm according to the No-till technology was 27.6 mol/m3/100 g of soil.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47572926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Vamanu, M.I. Pop, Iulia Octavia Pop, S. Mishra, S. Singh
Food supplements have proven their effectiveness through the support offered to administer certain drugs and their ability to determine the prevention of degenerative diseases. The correlation of assay methods with individual-level observations is essential in understanding the effect of biopharmaceuticals as a useful tool for long-term homeostasis preservation. This paper aimed to present essential aspects related to using wild edible mushrooms as functional supplements in type 2 diabetes and associated cardiovascular diseases. The product RoBioMush was presented as a result of the scientific data applied within the university, and the effects recorded after the administration of the product to the target groups were highlighted. Thus, the administration of RoBioMush had as its main effect the regulation of intestinal transit, a fact demonstrated by the researched modulation process previously in an in vitro study.
{"title":"THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF FUNCTIONAL PRODUCT BASED ON WILD EDIBLE MUSHROOMS","authors":"E. Vamanu, M.I. Pop, Iulia Octavia Pop, S. Mishra, S. Singh","doi":"10.17930/agl2023127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl2023127","url":null,"abstract":"Food supplements have proven their effectiveness through the support offered to administer certain drugs and their ability to determine the prevention of degenerative diseases. The correlation of assay methods with individual-level observations is essential in understanding the effect of biopharmaceuticals as a useful tool for long-term homeostasis preservation. This paper aimed to present essential aspects related to using wild edible mushrooms as functional supplements in type 2 diabetes and associated cardiovascular diseases. The product RoBioMush was presented as a result of the scientific data applied within the university, and the effects recorded after the administration of the product to the target groups were highlighted. Thus, the administration of RoBioMush had as its main effect the regulation of intestinal transit, a fact demonstrated by the researched modulation process previously in an in vitro study.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45041157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ionut Alexandru Anin, D. Radu, A. Hassan, M. Maftei, G. Costaiche, C. Nicolae
Cypriniculture is the growth of cyprinids in a controlled environment. By planning and rationalizing feed and creating appropriate conditions to cover the needs of carp farming, this branch of aquaculture is made more efficient. Carp is a poikilothermic animal that does not consume energy to maintain body temperature. Thus, the administered food is converted into body mass more effectively than in other animal species. The feed conversion ratio shall not exceed 2. The action of lotion is differentiated from the one of raring by the process of populating the floating cages according to the weight category in which the carp individuals fall. The study involves the identification of an effective method of growing carps in floating cages, depending on the weight and amount of food administered. The technique of separating carp by lotting was proven to be more efficient compared to decreasing the number of individuals on floating cage. Carp individuals remained in the same weight category without large differences between them. This ensures the uniformity of biological material, and an economic beneficial effect.
{"title":"THE EFFICIENCY OF CARP GROWING IN FLOATING CAGES THROUGH RARING AND LOTTING","authors":"Ionut Alexandru Anin, D. Radu, A. Hassan, M. Maftei, G. Costaiche, C. Nicolae","doi":"10.17930/agl202311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl202311","url":null,"abstract":"Cypriniculture is the growth of cyprinids in a controlled environment. By planning and rationalizing feed and creating appropriate conditions to cover the needs of carp farming, this branch of aquaculture is made more efficient. Carp is a poikilothermic animal that does not consume energy to maintain body temperature. Thus, the administered food is converted into body mass more effectively than in other animal species. The feed conversion ratio shall not exceed 2. The action of lotion is differentiated from the one of raring by the process of populating the floating cages according to the weight category in which the carp individuals fall. The study involves the identification of an effective method of growing carps in floating cages, depending on the weight and amount of food administered. The technique of separating carp by lotting was proven to be more efficient compared to decreasing the number of individuals on floating cage. Carp individuals remained in the same weight category without large differences between them. This ensures the uniformity of biological material, and an economic beneficial effect.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45114589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Badea, Zohra Lilichabaane, B. Deffontaines, C. Moise, A. Virsta
In the last half-century, the knowledge and understanding of the problems generated by the climate variations have been facilitated by a spectacular evolution of monitoring techniques based on evolved means of acquisition, processing and interpretation of geospatial data. In parallel, but at a slower pace, the training methods specific to geomatics were given due importance in education. Faced with the real needs to process geospatial data applied to agriculture and the environment and the opportunities of creating many jobs in the sector of spatial environmental information, universities need teachers. But, in a large number of cases, they have been formed imperfectly and sometimes convey an approximate and questionable formation. Therefore, it is essential to establish a solid quality training based on an original approach in geomatics applied to agriculture, environment and sustainable development. The ERASMUS+ project “Capacity building in the field of geomatics applied to agriculture and environment in Tunisia (GEOMAG)” is an example of a modern approach to the way of effective training, developed in synergy with the rapid progress of the geospatial domain.
{"title":"A MODEL OF COLLABORATIVE THEMATIC DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS IN THE FIELD OF GEOMATICS","authors":"A. Badea, Zohra Lilichabaane, B. Deffontaines, C. Moise, A. Virsta","doi":"10.17930/agl202312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl202312","url":null,"abstract":"In the last half-century, the knowledge and understanding of the problems generated by the climate variations have been facilitated by a spectacular evolution of monitoring techniques based on evolved means of acquisition, processing and interpretation of geospatial data. In parallel, but at a slower pace, the training methods specific to geomatics were given due importance in education. Faced with the real needs to process geospatial data applied to agriculture and the environment and the opportunities of creating many jobs in the sector of spatial environmental information, universities need teachers. But, in a large number of cases, they have been formed imperfectly and sometimes convey an approximate and questionable formation. Therefore, it is essential to establish a solid quality training based on an original approach in geomatics applied to agriculture, environment and sustainable development. The ERASMUS+ project “Capacity building in the field of geomatics applied to agriculture and environment in Tunisia (GEOMAG)” is an example of a modern approach to the way of effective training, developed in synergy with the rapid progress of the geospatial domain.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46921724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Constantin, Diana Constantinescu-Aruxandei, F. Matei, S. Shaposhnikov, F. Oancea
Fermented beverages are products that involve biochemical changes during the microaerophilic processes under the action of microorganisms and their secreted enzymes. Food fermentations include four main processes: lactic fermentation, alcoholic fermentation, acetic fermentation (which is an aerobic process) and alkaline fermentation. In this paper we aim to review the studies carried out on two Romanian traditional non-dairy fermented beverages which have not benefited of the attention they deserve, such as elderflower (Sambucus nigra) fermented drink (socata) and sour liquid soup seasoning (borș). These drinks are derived from a sweetened infusion of elder flowers (socata) and wheat bran (borș) that are fermented by consortia of microorganisms. Socata was shown to be fermented by consortia of yeast and lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Borș is produced by fermentation with heterofermentative LAB. These traditional fermented beverages are characterized as a source of probiotics. Previous research has demonstrated that both are a rich source of bioactive/antioxidant flavonoids and phenolic acids, minerals and vitamins. Several techniques are used for the determination of the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity, such as the determination of individual phenolic compounds using HPLC, determination of total phenolic content using Folin- Ciocalteu reagent, determination of ABTS and DPPH radical cation scavenging activity, determination of ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay.
{"title":"BIOCHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF TRADITIONAL ROMANIAN FERMENTED DRINKS - SOCATA AND BORȘ - A REVIEW","authors":"E. Constantin, Diana Constantinescu-Aruxandei, F. Matei, S. Shaposhnikov, F. Oancea","doi":"10.17930/agl202317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl202317","url":null,"abstract":"Fermented beverages are products that involve biochemical changes during the microaerophilic processes under the action of microorganisms and their secreted enzymes. Food fermentations include four main processes: lactic fermentation, alcoholic fermentation, acetic fermentation (which is an aerobic process) and alkaline fermentation. In this paper we aim to review the studies carried out on two Romanian traditional non-dairy fermented beverages which have not benefited of the attention they deserve, such as elderflower (Sambucus nigra) fermented drink (socata) and sour liquid soup seasoning (borș). These drinks are derived from a sweetened infusion of elder flowers (socata) and wheat bran (borș) that are fermented by consortia of microorganisms. Socata was shown to be fermented by consortia of yeast and lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Borș is produced by fermentation with heterofermentative LAB. These traditional fermented beverages are characterized as a source of probiotics. Previous research has demonstrated that both are a rich source of bioactive/antioxidant flavonoids and phenolic acids, minerals and vitamins. Several techniques are used for the determination of the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity, such as the determination of individual phenolic compounds using HPLC, determination of total phenolic content using Folin- Ciocalteu reagent, determination of ABTS and DPPH radical cation scavenging activity, determination of ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42241624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the very good consideration regarding organic products, studies have shown that leafy vegetables can harbour various human pathogens. Preventive methods are the best way to reduce such risks and protect the quality and image of organic agricultural production. The aim of this study was to suppress important human pathogens, bacteria, and yeasts, by using selected plant beneficial endophytes. Results have showed that among 23 bacterial endophytes isolated from different plant species, some isolates revealed antimicrobial activity. Reference strains of Bacillus cereus and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus were inhibited by 34.8% of the isolated endophytes, while the methicillin-resistant strain of S. aureus was inhibited by 30.4% of the tested endophytes. Enterococcus faecalis and Salmonella typhimurium were more reticent, and only 8.7% of the isolated endophytes were able to inhibit their growth. The pathogenic reference yeasts, Candida albicans and C. parapsilosis were inhibited by 17.4% and 21.7%, respectively of the isolated endophytes. In vitro results revealed certain strains of endophytic bacteria as potential inoculants, to provide not only plant growth promotion but also protection against important pathogenic contaminants.
{"title":"PROMISING BIOFERTILISING ENDOPHYTES AS HUMAN PATHOGENS SUPPRESSOR AGENTS","authors":"O. Boiu-Sicuia, R. Toma, C. Diguță, C. Cornea","doi":"10.17930/agl202313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl202313","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the very good consideration regarding organic products, studies have shown that leafy vegetables can harbour various human pathogens. Preventive methods are the best way to reduce such risks and protect the quality and image of organic agricultural production. The aim of this study was to suppress important human pathogens, bacteria, and yeasts, by using selected plant beneficial endophytes. Results have showed that among 23 bacterial endophytes isolated from different plant species, some isolates revealed antimicrobial activity. Reference strains of Bacillus cereus and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus were inhibited by 34.8% of the isolated endophytes, while the methicillin-resistant strain of S. aureus was inhibited by 30.4% of the tested endophytes. Enterococcus faecalis and Salmonella typhimurium were more reticent, and only 8.7% of the isolated endophytes were able to inhibit their growth. The pathogenic reference yeasts, Candida albicans and C. parapsilosis were inhibited by 17.4% and 21.7%, respectively of the isolated endophytes. In vitro results revealed certain strains of endophytic bacteria as potential inoculants, to provide not only plant growth promotion but also protection against important pathogenic contaminants.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48862616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Frîncu, C. Dumitrache, Andrei Catalin Petre, A. Moț, R. Teodorescu, D. Barbulescu, V. Tudor, F. Matei
'Grape marc' or 'Grape pomace' is a by-product resulting from wine production processes, consisting in seeds, skins and stalks. It can be a valuable source of bioactive substances such as polyphenols, antioxidants, proteins, carbohydrates. The physico-chemical properties of grape pomace can vary depending on factors such as grape cultivar, winemaking process, and storage conditions. The purpose of this study is to determine the physico-chemical properties of different sources of grape pomace (Busuioacă de Bohotin, Merlot, Burgund Mare, Fetească Neagră, Tămâioasă Românească and Riesling Italian cultivar). Results obtained in present paper showed that the samples of grape pomace have shown high values for compounds of interest, such as protein (from 11.01% for the Busuioacă de Bohotin grape cultivar to 14.80% for Fetească Neagră), carbohydrates (from 4.32 g% Merlot to 21.56 g% for the Pinot Noir), the amount of polyphenols (from 15.81 mg GAE/g DM on Busuioacă de Bohotin to 27.41 mg GAE/g DM on Fetească Neagră), and antioxidant activity (from 24.90 mg Trolox equivalent/g DM on Italian Riesling to 33.42 mg Trolox equivalent/g DM on Fetească Neagră).
{"title":"PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME SOURCES OF GRAPE MARC FROM PIETROASA VINEYARD","authors":"M. Frîncu, C. Dumitrache, Andrei Catalin Petre, A. Moț, R. Teodorescu, D. Barbulescu, V. Tudor, F. Matei","doi":"10.17930/agl2023110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl2023110","url":null,"abstract":"'Grape marc' or 'Grape pomace' is a by-product resulting from wine production processes, consisting in seeds, skins and stalks. It can be a valuable source of bioactive substances such as polyphenols, antioxidants, proteins, carbohydrates. The physico-chemical properties of grape pomace can vary depending on factors such as grape cultivar, winemaking process, and storage conditions. The purpose of this study is to determine the physico-chemical properties of different sources of grape pomace (Busuioacă de Bohotin, Merlot, Burgund Mare, Fetească Neagră, Tămâioasă Românească and Riesling Italian cultivar). Results obtained in present paper showed that the samples of grape pomace have shown high values for compounds of interest, such as protein (from 11.01% for the Busuioacă de Bohotin grape cultivar to 14.80% for Fetească Neagră), carbohydrates (from 4.32 g% Merlot to 21.56 g% for the Pinot Noir), the amount of polyphenols (from 15.81 mg GAE/g DM on Busuioacă de Bohotin to 27.41 mg GAE/g DM on Fetească Neagră), and antioxidant activity (from 24.90 mg Trolox equivalent/g DM on Italian Riesling to 33.42 mg Trolox equivalent/g DM on Fetească Neagră).","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49181019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corn crops in Romania shelter a large number of insects and spiders, some of them harm the plants (pests) while others are useful (natural enemies). Bearing in mind the wide variety of species present and the high numerical quantity of recent years, we set out to find and exploit those capable of keeping pests under control in the context of the current focus on biological solutions to the detriment of chemical ones. Thus, in 2021-2022 we analyzed the set of pests and natural enemies from 2 lots of corn grown organically, from 2 agricultural companies in the western region. The results showed a great diversity and positive interactions, analyzed both in the open field and in cages. The effectiveness rate of ladybugs in preying on aphids was high (81%) and that of spiders in preying on leaf beetles (Diabrotica, Oulema, Phyllotreta and Chaetocnema) was still high (76.25%). The activity of the parasitoid wasps was reflected in a lower effectiveness rate (parasitized aphids) (14.84%), as was the case of the oophagous wasps that parasitized 10.71% of Ostrinia and Helicoverpa eggs. The future approach to pest management in organic corn crops should include exploitation of existing natural enemies, an affordable solution at low cost.
{"title":"BIOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF PESTS IN CORN CROPS","authors":"M. Costea, A. Konjević, I. Grozea","doi":"10.17930/agl202318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl202318","url":null,"abstract":"Corn crops in Romania shelter a large number of insects and spiders, some of them harm the plants (pests) while others are useful (natural enemies). Bearing in mind the wide variety of species present and the high numerical quantity of recent years, we set out to find and exploit those capable of keeping pests under control in the context of the current focus on biological solutions to the detriment of chemical ones. Thus, in 2021-2022 we analyzed the set of pests and natural enemies from 2 lots of corn grown organically, from 2 agricultural companies in the western region. The results showed a great diversity and positive interactions, analyzed both in the open field and in cages. The effectiveness rate of ladybugs in preying on aphids was high (81%) and that of spiders in preying on leaf beetles (Diabrotica, Oulema, Phyllotreta and Chaetocnema) was still high (76.25%). The activity of the parasitoid wasps was reflected in a lower effectiveness rate (parasitized aphids) (14.84%), as was the case of the oophagous wasps that parasitized 10.71% of Ostrinia and Helicoverpa eggs. The future approach to pest management in organic corn crops should include exploitation of existing natural enemies, an affordable solution at low cost.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42612782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research was carried out during the period of 2020-2022 in the south-eastern part of Romania on a reddish preluvosoil. Two types of slag from the metallurgical industry were applied, namely furnace slag and converter slag in doses of 1 t/ha, 3 t/ha and 5 t/ha. Taking into consideration the chemical composition of these materials and the fact that they contain elements such as Ca, P, Zn, Ni, Fe, Mg, they can be used to neutralize the acidic reaction of soils and for a better utilization of nutrients by crop plants. The research analyzed the effect of these materials on the chemical properties of the soil, on the soil’s reaction, the soil’s humus content and content in elements, as well as their influence on the production of maize, wheat and peas, while also taking into account the content in macroelements and heavy metals found in the soil and crop plants. The obtained results demonstrated that the application of these materials in the established doses of 1, 3 and 5 tons/ha led to significant increases in the production of maize, wheat and peas without the risk of accumulation of heavy metals in the soil and in the crop plants.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF APPLYING SOME MATERIALS FROM THE METALLURGICAL INDUSTRY ON AGRICULTURAL CROPS","authors":"Valentina Vasile, M. Mihalache, L. Ilie","doi":"10.17930/agl2023128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17930/agl2023128","url":null,"abstract":"The research was carried out during the period of 2020-2022 in the south-eastern part of Romania on a reddish preluvosoil. Two types of slag from the metallurgical industry were applied, namely furnace slag and converter slag in doses of 1 t/ha, 3 t/ha and 5 t/ha. Taking into consideration the chemical composition of these materials and the fact that they contain elements such as Ca, P, Zn, Ni, Fe, Mg, they can be used to neutralize the acidic reaction of soils and for a better utilization of nutrients by crop plants. The research analyzed the effect of these materials on the chemical properties of the soil, on the soil’s reaction, the soil’s humus content and content in elements, as well as their influence on the production of maize, wheat and peas, while also taking into account the content in macroelements and heavy metals found in the soil and crop plants. The obtained results demonstrated that the application of these materials in the established doses of 1, 3 and 5 tons/ha led to significant increases in the production of maize, wheat and peas without the risk of accumulation of heavy metals in the soil and in the crop plants.","PeriodicalId":44979,"journal":{"name":"AgroLife Scientific Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44051336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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