Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/07268602.2018.1449083
Haoda Feng
This book, as its title indicates, concentrates on linguistic motifs and contains some of the most recent research papers in this area. As stated in the ‘Editors’ foreword’, ‘a motif is defined as ...
{"title":"Motifs in Language and Text","authors":"Haoda Feng","doi":"10.1080/07268602.2018.1449083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07268602.2018.1449083","url":null,"abstract":"This book, as its title indicates, concentrates on linguistic motifs and contains some of the most recent research papers in this area. As stated in the ‘Editors’ foreword’, ‘a motif is defined as ...","PeriodicalId":44988,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Linguistics","volume":"39 1","pages":"392 - 394"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07268602.2018.1449083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42895517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/07268602.2018.1458590
Renzhong Peng, Weiping Wu
It is widely recognized that motivation is one of the important components of successful language learning (Ushioda 2016). The book under review presents a pioneering initiative in motivation by in...
{"title":"Motivational Currents in Language Learning","authors":"Renzhong Peng, Weiping Wu","doi":"10.1080/07268602.2018.1458590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07268602.2018.1458590","url":null,"abstract":"It is widely recognized that motivation is one of the important components of successful language learning (Ushioda 2016). The book under review presents a pioneering initiative in motivation by in...","PeriodicalId":44988,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Linguistics","volume":"39 1","pages":"402 - 406"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07268602.2018.1458590","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41948046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/07268602.2019.1623758
Ellison Luk, Maïa Ponsonnet
This article discusses the distribution and function of a suffix that has been labelled ‘ergative’ in the literature on Dalabon, a Gunwinyguan (non-Pama-Nyungan) language of south-western Arnhem Land. Our first-hand data reveal that although this marker (-yih) more frequently occurs on A arguments of multivalent clauses, it also appears with significant frequency on S arguments of monovalent clauses, particularly with the verb root yin ‘to say, to think, to do’. We explain this non-canonical distribution with a co-dependent analysis of its discourse and pragmatic functions, summarized by the principle ‘mark out the unexpected referent’, following McGregor’s Expected Actor Principle. These functions differ slightly according to clause type. For both types, the marker has a discourse function of ‘mark out the non-topical referent’: either an A argument that sufficiently threatens the construal of local topics, or an S referent after a long period of deferred topichood (particularly speaker referents). The marker also has a correlating pragmatic function of ‘mark out the contrary referent’: either an A participant acting against the motivations and expectations of other (topical) referents (or of the speaker), or an S participant with an unusual stance or speech content.
{"title":"Discourse and Pragmatic Functions of the Dalabon ‘Ergative’ Case-marker*","authors":"Ellison Luk, Maïa Ponsonnet","doi":"10.1080/07268602.2019.1623758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07268602.2019.1623758","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the distribution and function of a suffix that has been labelled ‘ergative’ in the literature on Dalabon, a Gunwinyguan (non-Pama-Nyungan) language of south-western Arnhem Land. Our first-hand data reveal that although this marker (-yih) more frequently occurs on A arguments of multivalent clauses, it also appears with significant frequency on S arguments of monovalent clauses, particularly with the verb root yin ‘to say, to think, to do’. We explain this non-canonical distribution with a co-dependent analysis of its discourse and pragmatic functions, summarized by the principle ‘mark out the unexpected referent’, following McGregor’s Expected Actor Principle. These functions differ slightly according to clause type. For both types, the marker has a discourse function of ‘mark out the non-topical referent’: either an A argument that sufficiently threatens the construal of local topics, or an S referent after a long period of deferred topichood (particularly speaker referents). The marker also has a correlating pragmatic function of ‘mark out the contrary referent’: either an A participant acting against the motivations and expectations of other (topical) referents (or of the speaker), or an S participant with an unusual stance or speech content.","PeriodicalId":44988,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Linguistics","volume":"39 1","pages":"287 - 328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07268602.2019.1623758","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46299086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/07268602.2018.1453226
Zhong Jun
to live by’ (p. 183). Following this, we are drawn to ‘conveying new stories’ (p. 185) for ecological concern, rather than being lost in the difficult problem of modifying languages. There is a glossary of linguistic terms, which is very helpful. The only criticism which we would make of this book concerns the small amount of information that it has on traditional Chinese ecosophy, which is well known for its abundance of ecological wisdom and its long influence on East Asian ecoculture. We do appreciate Stibbe’s wish for more ‘voices... from traditional and indigenous cultures from around the world’ (p. 193), which shows his open attitude in doing ecolinguistic analysis. Due to its theoretical and practical depth, its well-organized contents and its vivid and thought-provoking language and pictures, this book would be an ideal textbook for a course in ecolinguistics. Moreover, non-linguist readers may find it appealing, since it contains interesting stories as well as inspiring arguments. Every creature has its stories, and this book, by means of its appropriate use of linguistic tools, encourages us to listen to them.
{"title":"The Cambridge Guide to Blended Learning for Language Teaching","authors":"Zhong Jun","doi":"10.1080/07268602.2018.1453226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07268602.2018.1453226","url":null,"abstract":"to live by’ (p. 183). Following this, we are drawn to ‘conveying new stories’ (p. 185) for ecological concern, rather than being lost in the difficult problem of modifying languages. There is a glossary of linguistic terms, which is very helpful. The only criticism which we would make of this book concerns the small amount of information that it has on traditional Chinese ecosophy, which is well known for its abundance of ecological wisdom and its long influence on East Asian ecoculture. We do appreciate Stibbe’s wish for more ‘voices... from traditional and indigenous cultures from around the world’ (p. 193), which shows his open attitude in doing ecolinguistic analysis. Due to its theoretical and practical depth, its well-organized contents and its vivid and thought-provoking language and pictures, this book would be an ideal textbook for a course in ecolinguistics. Moreover, non-linguist readers may find it appealing, since it contains interesting stories as well as inspiring arguments. Every creature has its stories, and this book, by means of its appropriate use of linguistic tools, encourages us to listen to them.","PeriodicalId":44988,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Linguistics","volume":"39 1","pages":"397 - 400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07268602.2018.1453226","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48440033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-13DOI: 10.1080/07268602.2019.1623759
Omid Khatin-Zadeh, Hooshang Khoshsima, Nahid Yarahmadzehi, F. Marmolejo‐Ramos
The aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which the understanding of a metaphor is influenced by a metaphorical prime. Participants of the study were 30 undergraduate students of Chabahar Maritime University. An experiment was conducted in which the participants were expected to make judgements on the sensicality of 10 metaphors in two phases. In the no-prime condition, metaphors were not preceded by any prime. In the metaphor-prime condition, the same metaphors were preceded by metaphorical primes. Metaphors and metaphor primes were designed in a way that the nature of the relationship between topic and vehicle in each metaphor and its prime was similar, although there was no similarity between concrete features of the two metaphors. The results indicated that when a metaphor is preceded by a metaphorical prime, judgement on the sensicality of metaphor is faster and the metaphor is judged to be more sensical. Based on these results, it can be suggested that two superficially different metaphors might share a domain at a level beyond concrete features of topic and vehicle. In other words, the superficial or concrete features of topic and vehicle in metaphor prime, and its following metaphorical sentence, play no significant role in this respect. It is the activation of a shared domain in the metaphor prime that has a noticeable influence on the understanding of the following metaphorical sentence.
{"title":"The Impact of Metaphorical Prime on Metaphor Comprehension Processes*","authors":"Omid Khatin-Zadeh, Hooshang Khoshsima, Nahid Yarahmadzehi, F. Marmolejo‐Ramos","doi":"10.1080/07268602.2019.1623759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07268602.2019.1623759","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which the understanding of a metaphor is influenced by a metaphorical prime. Participants of the study were 30 undergraduate students of Chabahar Maritime University. An experiment was conducted in which the participants were expected to make judgements on the sensicality of 10 metaphors in two phases. In the no-prime condition, metaphors were not preceded by any prime. In the metaphor-prime condition, the same metaphors were preceded by metaphorical primes. Metaphors and metaphor primes were designed in a way that the nature of the relationship between topic and vehicle in each metaphor and its prime was similar, although there was no similarity between concrete features of the two metaphors. The results indicated that when a metaphor is preceded by a metaphorical prime, judgement on the sensicality of metaphor is faster and the metaphor is judged to be more sensical. Based on these results, it can be suggested that two superficially different metaphors might share a domain at a level beyond concrete features of topic and vehicle. In other words, the superficial or concrete features of topic and vehicle in metaphor prime, and its following metaphorical sentence, play no significant role in this respect. It is the activation of a shared domain in the metaphor prime that has a noticeable influence on the understanding of the following metaphorical sentence.","PeriodicalId":44988,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Linguistics","volume":"39 1","pages":"375 - 388"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07268602.2019.1623759","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43624716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-04DOI: 10.1080/07268602.2019.1620682
A. Bowen
Police are (generally) required to inform a suspect of their right to remain silent before questioning that suspect about a potential crime. This is a key protection for suspects which is implemented through a policy about language. Unfortunately, there is evidence that many Aboriginal suspects in the Northern Territory often fail to understand their right to silence. A key reason for this is the way the right is expressed in the law and by police, centred on the expression ‘you don’t have to say anything’. Analysis of the meaning of this language shows that it is a vague way of providing legal information which relies on a subtle semantic distinction in Standard Australian English. This expression is especially vulnerable to misinterpretation by suspects who speak (or learn) other varieties of English, especially in conversations where police purposes are not clear. The way police explain the right to silence can be contrasted with other existing texts including translations which present the information in terms of agency, decisions and consequences. This suggests that the language policy could be significantly improved, with consequences for equality of access to justice.
{"title":"‘You Don’t Have to Say Anything’: Modality and Consequences in Conversations About the Right to Silence in the Northern Territory*","authors":"A. Bowen","doi":"10.1080/07268602.2019.1620682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07268602.2019.1620682","url":null,"abstract":"Police are (generally) required to inform a suspect of their right to remain silent before questioning that suspect about a potential crime. This is a key protection for suspects which is implemented through a policy about language. Unfortunately, there is evidence that many Aboriginal suspects in the Northern Territory often fail to understand their right to silence. A key reason for this is the way the right is expressed in the law and by police, centred on the expression ‘you don’t have to say anything’. Analysis of the meaning of this language shows that it is a vague way of providing legal information which relies on a subtle semantic distinction in Standard Australian English. This expression is especially vulnerable to misinterpretation by suspects who speak (or learn) other varieties of English, especially in conversations where police purposes are not clear. The way police explain the right to silence can be contrasted with other existing texts including translations which present the information in terms of agency, decisions and consequences. This suggests that the language policy could be significantly improved, with consequences for equality of access to justice.","PeriodicalId":44988,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Linguistics","volume":"39 1","pages":"347 - 374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07268602.2019.1620682","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47579347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-04DOI: 10.1080/07268602.2019.1620681
K. Tsukada
Mandarin is one of the most representative tonal languages in the world with four tone categories (Tone 1 (T1): high level (ā); Tone 2 (T2): high rising (á); Tone 3 (T3): dipping (ǎ); Tone 4 (T4): high falling (à)). Learning Mandarin tones is known to be difficult for speakers from diverse linguistic backgrounds. The perception of Mandarin tones by naïve, non-native listeners from two tonal languages with a larger tone inventory than Mandarin—Thai and Vietnamese—was examined. The listeners’ discrimination accuracy of six tone pairs (T1–T2, T1–T3, T1–T4, T2–T3, T2–T4, T3–T4) was assessed and compared to that of native speakers of Mandarin on the one hand and Australian English on the other hand. The Thai and Vietnamese groups were clearly less accurate than the Mandarin group and showed a different pattern of results from each other. The Australian English group was less accurate than the Thai group only for T2–T4 and did not differ from the Vietnamese group for any of the pairs. Taken together, these findings suggest that first language tone knowledge may not necessarily be facilitative and that lack of experience with lexical tones may not disadvantage listeners from non-tonal language backgrounds in processing unfamiliar tones.
{"title":"Are Asian Language Speakers Similar or Different? The Perception of Mandarin Lexical Tones by Naïve Listeners from Tonal Language Backgrounds: A Preliminary Comparison of Thai and Vietnamese Listeners*","authors":"K. Tsukada","doi":"10.1080/07268602.2019.1620681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07268602.2019.1620681","url":null,"abstract":"Mandarin is one of the most representative tonal languages in the world with four tone categories (Tone 1 (T1): high level (ā); Tone 2 (T2): high rising (á); Tone 3 (T3): dipping (ǎ); Tone 4 (T4): high falling (à)). Learning Mandarin tones is known to be difficult for speakers from diverse linguistic backgrounds. The perception of Mandarin tones by naïve, non-native listeners from two tonal languages with a larger tone inventory than Mandarin—Thai and Vietnamese—was examined. The listeners’ discrimination accuracy of six tone pairs (T1–T2, T1–T3, T1–T4, T2–T3, T2–T4, T3–T4) was assessed and compared to that of native speakers of Mandarin on the one hand and Australian English on the other hand. The Thai and Vietnamese groups were clearly less accurate than the Mandarin group and showed a different pattern of results from each other. The Australian English group was less accurate than the Thai group only for T2–T4 and did not differ from the Vietnamese group for any of the pairs. Taken together, these findings suggest that first language tone knowledge may not necessarily be facilitative and that lack of experience with lexical tones may not disadvantage listeners from non-tonal language backgrounds in processing unfamiliar tones.","PeriodicalId":44988,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Linguistics","volume":"39 1","pages":"329 - 346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07268602.2019.1620681","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44529409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-26DOI: 10.1080/07268602.2019.1608894
A. Libert
and Travis thus systematically and elegantly show that rather than structural convergence, the main contribution of code-switching is in contextual (re)distribution. This study represents a significant milestone in the study of contact-induced change. Methodologically, its use of a purpose-built corpus realizes the promise of modern data collection technologies, and its detailed discussion of the processes of transcription and coding does justice to the analytical nature of these seemingly mundane elements of study design. The application of the variationist comparative method to the question of code-switching and language change is a major advancement in this approach to complex language description. Torres Cacoullos and Travis thus make the case that the hitherto backgrounded analysis of the variable context can serve a more prominent role in the comparative analysis of variable features. Finally, this book’s conclusions indicate that one should not simply assume that code-switching is a catalyst for language change; rather, it must be systematically demonstrated.
{"title":"Case Alternations in Five Finnic Languages: Estonian, Finnish, Karelian, Livonian and Veps","authors":"A. Libert","doi":"10.1080/07268602.2019.1608894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07268602.2019.1608894","url":null,"abstract":"and Travis thus systematically and elegantly show that rather than structural convergence, the main contribution of code-switching is in contextual (re)distribution. This study represents a significant milestone in the study of contact-induced change. Methodologically, its use of a purpose-built corpus realizes the promise of modern data collection technologies, and its detailed discussion of the processes of transcription and coding does justice to the analytical nature of these seemingly mundane elements of study design. The application of the variationist comparative method to the question of code-switching and language change is a major advancement in this approach to complex language description. Torres Cacoullos and Travis thus make the case that the hitherto backgrounded analysis of the variable context can serve a more prominent role in the comparative analysis of variable features. Finally, this book’s conclusions indicate that one should not simply assume that code-switching is a catalyst for language change; rather, it must be systematically demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":44988,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Linguistics","volume":"40 1","pages":"265 - 267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07268602.2019.1608894","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49572049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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