Pub Date : 2019-10-16DOI: 10.1080/05786967.2019.1679035
Massoumeh Assemi
ABSTRACT Tekkiyeh Moʿaven al-Molk in Kermanshah is a space for commemoration of the Battle of Karbala and is accordingly decorated with large narrative panels conceived in underglaze (haft rangi) tiles, depicting various episodes of the event. Amongst these is a large panel, covering a whole wall, depicting a number of dervishes in an architectural setting resembling one of the spaces of the Tekkiyeh. The imagery on the face of it has no relevance to the events of Karbala and seems to be outside the programme of decoration of the Tekkiyeh. This paper attempt to decipher the iconography of the representation, in order to come up with a rational for its inclusion within the programme of the decoration of the space which is concerned entirely with the Battle of Karbala.
位于Kermanshah的Tekkiyeh Mo ā aven al-Molk是一个纪念卡尔巴拉战役的空间，因此用釉下(haft rangi)瓷砖构思的大型叙事面板装饰，描绘了事件的各个情节。其中有一个很大的面板，覆盖了整面墙，描绘了许多僧侣在建筑环境中，类似于Tekkiyeh的一个空间。表面上的图像与卡尔巴拉的事件无关，似乎不在Tekkiyeh的装饰范围之内。这篇论文试图解读这些代表的图像，以便在空间的装饰方案中提出一个合理的方案，这完全与卡尔巴拉战役有关。
{"title":"The Panel of Dervishes at the Tekkiyeh Moʿaven al-Molk in Kermanshah (Figure 1)","authors":"Massoumeh Assemi","doi":"10.1080/05786967.2019.1679035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05786967.2019.1679035","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tekkiyeh Moʿaven al-Molk in Kermanshah is a space for commemoration of the Battle of Karbala and is accordingly decorated with large narrative panels conceived in underglaze (haft rangi) tiles, depicting various episodes of the event. Amongst these is a large panel, covering a whole wall, depicting a number of dervishes in an architectural setting resembling one of the spaces of the Tekkiyeh. The imagery on the face of it has no relevance to the events of Karbala and seems to be outside the programme of decoration of the Tekkiyeh. This paper attempt to decipher the iconography of the representation, in order to come up with a rational for its inclusion within the programme of the decoration of the space which is concerned entirely with the Battle of Karbala.","PeriodicalId":44995,"journal":{"name":"Iran-Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/05786967.2019.1679035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44417328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-05DOI: 10.1080/05786967.2019.1657781
Mitra Panahipour
ABSTRACT This paper explores diverse patterns of settlement and land use across an environmentally transitional area in eastern Iraq and western Iran during the Sasanian period. Historical and modern high-resolution satellite images in conjunction with field surveys are employed to document archaeological features. Analysis of multispectral satellite imagery creates a historical and traditional land use model that contributes to a spatial understanding of land classes and their relationship with archaeological features. Thereafter, data are interpreted with respect to the environmental and ethnographic records. Results indicate the limitations of our past archaeological knowledge of human-environment interactions during late antiquity. They present multitier land use and subsistence strategy in a region outside of the empire’s political and economic core zones. I discuss intertwined interactions between the sedentary and non-sedentary populations and argue that while intensification occurred in the late Sasanian period, agropastoralism and mobility have been dominant patterns of settlement and land use.
{"title":"Land Use and Environment in a Zone of Uncertainty: A Case of the Sasanian Expansion in Eastern Iraq – Western Iran","authors":"Mitra Panahipour","doi":"10.1080/05786967.2019.1657781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05786967.2019.1657781","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper explores diverse patterns of settlement and land use across an environmentally transitional area in eastern Iraq and western Iran during the Sasanian period. Historical and modern high-resolution satellite images in conjunction with field surveys are employed to document archaeological features. Analysis of multispectral satellite imagery creates a historical and traditional land use model that contributes to a spatial understanding of land classes and their relationship with archaeological features. Thereafter, data are interpreted with respect to the environmental and ethnographic records. Results indicate the limitations of our past archaeological knowledge of human-environment interactions during late antiquity. They present multitier land use and subsistence strategy in a region outside of the empire’s political and economic core zones. I discuss intertwined interactions between the sedentary and non-sedentary populations and argue that while intensification occurred in the late Sasanian period, agropastoralism and mobility have been dominant patterns of settlement and land use.","PeriodicalId":44995,"journal":{"name":"Iran-Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/05786967.2019.1657781","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45674831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The West and Oil","authors":"R. Frye","doi":"10.4324/9780367351625-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780367351625-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44995,"journal":{"name":"Iran-Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46285243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Land and People","authors":"R. Frye","doi":"10.4324/9780367351625-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780367351625-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44995,"journal":{"name":"Iran-Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43186736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Empires of the Past","authors":"R. Frye","doi":"10.4324/9780367351625-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780367351625-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44995,"journal":{"name":"Iran-Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44660120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-16DOI: 10.1080/05786967.2019.1642792
Jade Whitlam, H. Valipour, M. Charles
ABSTRACT Excavations at Tepe Khaleseh, a small-settlement mound in the Zanjan Province of northwest Iran, have uncovered numerous structures dating to the second half of the sixth millennium B.C., including a pottery kiln. The charred plant remains recovered from the site provide evidence for the cultivation of a diverse spectrum of cereals, along with pulses, which are rare at contemporary sites in the region. Analysis of the archaeobotanical assemblage has also permitted a reconstruction of fuel use at the site, with wild mustards identified as having played a key role in the settlement’s fuel economy. The results presented here expand significantly on our understanding of plant management in northern Iran during the Late Neolithic, a period when we see the spread of farming out of the Fertile Crescent and into Eurasia.
{"title":"Cutting the Mustard: New Insights Into the Plant Economy of Late Neolithic Tepe Khaleseh (Iran)","authors":"Jade Whitlam, H. Valipour, M. Charles","doi":"10.1080/05786967.2019.1642792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05786967.2019.1642792","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Excavations at Tepe Khaleseh, a small-settlement mound in the Zanjan Province of northwest Iran, have uncovered numerous structures dating to the second half of the sixth millennium B.C., including a pottery kiln. The charred plant remains recovered from the site provide evidence for the cultivation of a diverse spectrum of cereals, along with pulses, which are rare at contemporary sites in the region. Analysis of the archaeobotanical assemblage has also permitted a reconstruction of fuel use at the site, with wild mustards identified as having played a key role in the settlement’s fuel economy. The results presented here expand significantly on our understanding of plant management in northern Iran during the Late Neolithic, a period when we see the spread of farming out of the Fertile Crescent and into Eurasia.","PeriodicalId":44995,"journal":{"name":"Iran-Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/05786967.2019.1642792","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42829172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/05786967.2019.1633242
R. Stronach, D. Stronach, A. Farahani, A. Parsons
ABSTRACT This paper introduces the pottery of mid-Parthian date from Building V at Shahr-i Qumis, a major Parthian settlement that dates, at least in part, from the second and the first centuries BC, and which lies some thirty km to the west of Damghan. A little over two thousand years ago the local water supply appears to have been adequate to support a site that was notable for its monumental mud-brick architecture as well as for its pottery, which included a number of distinctive “Iron Age related” characteristics. This is not, however, a publication of the pottery from the entire site of Qumis; it represents pottery from the core plan of only one building, even if this particular building does much to illustrate the nature of typical mid-Parthian pottery in the vicinity of Qumis. Subsequent ceramic studies will complement the present treatment. Whether or not this same location ought also to be associated with a slightly earlier Achaemenid/Seleucid township that was known to the Greeks as Hecatompylos remains an unresolved issue.
{"title":"Mid-Parthian Pottery from Building V at Shahr-i Qumis","authors":"R. Stronach, D. Stronach, A. Farahani, A. Parsons","doi":"10.1080/05786967.2019.1633242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05786967.2019.1633242","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper introduces the pottery of mid-Parthian date from Building V at Shahr-i Qumis, a major Parthian settlement that dates, at least in part, from the second and the first centuries BC, and which lies some thirty km to the west of Damghan. A little over two thousand years ago the local water supply appears to have been adequate to support a site that was notable for its monumental mud-brick architecture as well as for its pottery, which included a number of distinctive “Iron Age related” characteristics. This is not, however, a publication of the pottery from the entire site of Qumis; it represents pottery from the core plan of only one building, even if this particular building does much to illustrate the nature of typical mid-Parthian pottery in the vicinity of Qumis. Subsequent ceramic studies will complement the present treatment. Whether or not this same location ought also to be associated with a slightly earlier Achaemenid/Seleucid township that was known to the Greeks as Hecatompylos remains an unresolved issue.","PeriodicalId":44995,"journal":{"name":"Iran-Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/05786967.2019.1633242","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44913909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/05786967.2018.1557388
Mohammad Rezaei, J. Ebrahimi, H. Basafa
ABSTRACT Understanding the interaction of human communities and their ecosystem is one of the major goals of archaeological field studies. The climate, unique geographical location, and strategic position of Roshtkhar along the natural corridor between northeastern Iran and Central Asia have attracted the interest of people for some time. The geographical location of Roshtkhar clearly demonstrates the importance of this area, and the need for archaeological studies of north-eastern Iran. In particular, it justifies the importance of undertaking regional archeological research. In order to record the position and shape of topographic features in Roshtkhar, an archaeological field study was carried out, and random sampling of surface findings. In the archaeological exploration of this area, 16 sites belonging to the prehistoric period were identified. The oldest period of settlement dates back to the late Chalcolithic period, but these findings are not definitive, as natural factors such as erosion and sedimentation, along with human factors and potential damage may have affected this area. In this paper, the settlement pattern of Roshtkhar was analysed based upon archaeological studies, and dating of historical sites based upon surface data. Finally, the role of the ecosystem in the formation of Roshtkhar plains was assessed using ArcGIS software.
{"title":"The Settlement Patterns in Roshtkhar Plain, Northeastern of Iran","authors":"Mohammad Rezaei, J. Ebrahimi, H. Basafa","doi":"10.1080/05786967.2018.1557388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05786967.2018.1557388","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Understanding the interaction of human communities and their ecosystem is one of the major goals of archaeological field studies. The climate, unique geographical location, and strategic position of Roshtkhar along the natural corridor between northeastern Iran and Central Asia have attracted the interest of people for some time. The geographical location of Roshtkhar clearly demonstrates the importance of this area, and the need for archaeological studies of north-eastern Iran. In particular, it justifies the importance of undertaking regional archeological research. In order to record the position and shape of topographic features in Roshtkhar, an archaeological field study was carried out, and random sampling of surface findings. In the archaeological exploration of this area, 16 sites belonging to the prehistoric period were identified. The oldest period of settlement dates back to the late Chalcolithic period, but these findings are not definitive, as natural factors such as erosion and sedimentation, along with human factors and potential damage may have affected this area. In this paper, the settlement pattern of Roshtkhar was analysed based upon archaeological studies, and dating of historical sites based upon surface data. Finally, the role of the ecosystem in the formation of Roshtkhar plains was assessed using ArcGIS software.","PeriodicalId":44995,"journal":{"name":"Iran-Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/05786967.2018.1557388","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41297686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-20DOI: 10.1017/9781108569071.007
{"title":"The End of the Qajars","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/9781108569071.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108569071.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44995,"journal":{"name":"Iran-Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/9781108569071.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43341996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-20DOI: 10.1017/9781108569071.001
{"title":"Iran under the Qajars","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/9781108569071.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108569071.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44995,"journal":{"name":"Iran-Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/9781108569071.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47752527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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