This study explores law enforcement officers (LEOs) killing of females, including the characteristics of those most likely to be killed, method used to fatally injure females, the geographic distribution of the killings, the number of years of potential life lost before age 80 (YPLL80). Data from the Web-based Inquiry Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS) from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were analyzed for deceased females from 2013 to 2020. The females killed were ∼5% of LEOs killings each year for a total of 233 deaths. The females killed ranged in age from 1 to 72 years. A majority (82.8%) were killed in metropolitan areas, and a plurality (44.6%) were killed in the South. There was a statistically significant increase in the rate of female deaths over the 8-year span. The majority (58.8%) of females killed were non-Hispanic whites. A total of almost 10,000 years of potential life were lost before age 80. The greatest number of YPLL80 were non-Hispanic whites, in metropolitan areas, ages 20–39 years, residing in the South. Transforming weapon use by law enforcement is possible through policy changes (e.g., hiring and training) and education of the public (e.g., interacting with LEOs and appropriate funding of law enforcement).
{"title":"Descriptive Epidemiology of Females Killed by Law Enforcement Officers, 2013–2020","authors":"James H. Price, Erica Payton Foh","doi":"10.1089/vio.2023.0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2023.0037","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores law enforcement officers (LEOs) killing of females, including the characteristics of those most likely to be killed, method used to fatally injure females, the geographic distribution of the killings, the number of years of potential life lost before age 80 (YPLL80). Data from the Web-based Inquiry Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS) from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were analyzed for deceased females from 2013 to 2020. The females killed were ∼5% of LEOs killings each year for a total of 233 deaths. The females killed ranged in age from 1 to 72 years. A majority (82.8%) were killed in metropolitan areas, and a plurality (44.6%) were killed in the South. There was a statistically significant increase in the rate of female deaths over the 8-year span. The majority (58.8%) of females killed were non-Hispanic whites. A total of almost 10,000 years of potential life were lost before age 80. The greatest number of YPLL80 were non-Hispanic whites, in metropolitan areas, ages 20–39 years, residing in the South. Transforming weapon use by law enforcement is possible through policy changes (e.g., hiring and training) and education of the public (e.g., interacting with LEOs and appropriate funding of law enforcement).","PeriodicalId":45010,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Gender","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135220251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Firearms are responsible for increasing proportions and frequencies of U.S. homicides, accounting for over half of female deaths related to intimate partner violence (IPV). We analyzed National Violent Death Reporting System data to evaluate the impact of state-based firearm legislation targeted to IPV perpetrators and intimate partner homicide (IPH) from 2015 to 2019. Using Centers for Disease Controls (CDCs) Restricted Access Database system, we extracted yearly incidence data and calculated average, state-specific, age-adjusted rates for female IPH for 18 eligible states. We developed firearm-to-non-firearm (F:NF) rate ratios (RRs) and compared them across states categorized into two levels of domestic violence-specific firearm restrictions. Rates of NF IPH served as a crude control for characteristics of the state population that might favor violence behavior. Most “low” restriction states demonstrated greater F:NF RRs than “high” states. The average female firearm IPH rate was 0.33 per 100K for “high” restriction states and 0.98 per 100K for “low” restriction states. The average F:NF RR for low restriction states was 1.91 and for high restriction states was 0.85. The data show a trend of decreased IPH with stronger IPV-specific state firearm legislation, but with some variability in femicide rates within firearm restriction category, pointing to numerous additional factors bearing on the association, including varying implementation and enforcement of existing legal provisions, geographic location, and state household gun ownership. The present analysis confirms the dramatic contribution of firearm fatalities to female intimate partner-related deaths—frequently doubling or tripling the state's rate of non-firearm female IPH.
{"title":"Firearm Legislation and Firearm Use in Female Intimate Partner Homicide Using National Violent Death Reporting System Data, 2015–2019","authors":"Erica L. Gollub, Shirly Chen","doi":"10.1089/vio.2023.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2023.0022","url":null,"abstract":"Firearms are responsible for increasing proportions and frequencies of U.S. homicides, accounting for over half of female deaths related to intimate partner violence (IPV). We analyzed National Violent Death Reporting System data to evaluate the impact of state-based firearm legislation targeted to IPV perpetrators and intimate partner homicide (IPH) from 2015 to 2019. Using Centers for Disease Controls (CDCs) Restricted Access Database system, we extracted yearly incidence data and calculated average, state-specific, age-adjusted rates for female IPH for 18 eligible states. We developed firearm-to-non-firearm (F:NF) rate ratios (RRs) and compared them across states categorized into two levels of domestic violence-specific firearm restrictions. Rates of NF IPH served as a crude control for characteristics of the state population that might favor violence behavior. Most “low” restriction states demonstrated greater F:NF RRs than “high” states. The average female firearm IPH rate was 0.33 per 100K for “high” restriction states and 0.98 per 100K for “low” restriction states. The average F:NF RR for low restriction states was 1.91 and for high restriction states was 0.85. The data show a trend of decreased IPH with stronger IPV-specific state firearm legislation, but with some variability in femicide rates within firearm restriction category, pointing to numerous additional factors bearing on the association, including varying implementation and enforcement of existing legal provisions, geographic location, and state household gun ownership. The present analysis confirms the dramatic contribution of firearm fatalities to female intimate partner-related deaths—frequently doubling or tripling the state's rate of non-firearm female IPH.","PeriodicalId":45010,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Gender","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135968622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01Epub Date: 2023-09-14DOI: 10.1089/vio.2022.0022
Jessie V Ford, Ruth Shefner
Bisexual college women exhibit some of the highest rates of sexual assault among all college students. Existing research relies on sexual orientation-related stigma as an explanation for these disparities. In this study, we use data from the Online College Social Life Survey (OCSLS) to explore factors that elevate the risk of sexual assault for bisexual college women compared to heterosexual women. Results show that bisexual women exhibit higher rates of sexual assault since the beginning of college for all types of sexual assault, compared to heterosexual women. We find that perceived sexual disrespect, sexual interactions with men, alcohol use, earlier sexual debut, and multiple ongoing partnerships are associated with a higher risk of sexual assault for both bisexual and heterosexual women. Compared to heterosexual women, bisexual women exhibited higher odds of experiencing sexual assault across the majority of risk factors. We envision this study as a preliminary exploration that can inform ongoing work examining which bisexual women are at the highest risk for sexual assault. Implications for future research and intervention are discussed.
{"title":"A Need for More Research: How to Understand Elevated Rates of Sexual Assault Among Bisexual College Women.","authors":"Jessie V Ford, Ruth Shefner","doi":"10.1089/vio.2022.0022","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vio.2022.0022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bisexual college women exhibit some of the highest rates of sexual assault among all college students. Existing research relies on sexual orientation-related stigma as an explanation for these disparities. In this study, we use data from the Online College Social Life Survey (OCSLS) to explore factors that elevate the risk of sexual assault for bisexual college women compared to heterosexual women. Results show that bisexual women exhibit higher rates of sexual assault since the beginning of college for all types of sexual assault, compared to heterosexual women. We find that perceived sexual disrespect, sexual interactions with men, alcohol use, earlier sexual debut, and multiple ongoing partnerships are associated with a higher risk of sexual assault for both bisexual and heterosexual women. Compared to heterosexual women, bisexual women exhibited higher odds of experiencing sexual assault across the majority of risk factors. We envision this study as a preliminary exploration that can inform ongoing work examining which bisexual women are at the highest risk for sexual assault. Implications for future research and intervention are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":45010,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Gender","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10521136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41165516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lorenzo Fregna, Francesco Attanasio, Guido Travaini, Cristina Colombo
Violence and GenderVol. 10, No. 3 Letter to the EditorLetter to the Editor: Interpersonal Violent Behavior in Bipolar Disorder: A Preliminary Study on Gender DifferencesLorenzo Fregna, Francesco Attanasio, Guido Travaini, and Cristina ColomboLorenzo FregnaIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Mood Disorder Unit, Milan, Italy.Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.Search for more papers by this author, Francesco AttanasioAddress correspondence to: Francesco Attanasio, MD, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, Milan 20132, Italy E-mail Address: [email protected]https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8643-7814Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.Search for more papers by this author, Guido TravainiVita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.Search for more papers by this author, and Cristina ColomboVita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.Search for more papers by this authorPublished Online:14 Sep 2023https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2023.0020AboutSectionsView articleView Full TextPDF/EPUB Permissions & CitationsPermissionsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsAdd to favorites Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail View article"Letter to the Editor: Interpersonal Violent Behavior in Bipolar Disorder: A Preliminary Study on Gender Differences." Violence and Gender, 10(3), pp. 173–174FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 10Issue 3Sep 2023 InformationCopyright 2023, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishersTo cite this article:Lorenzo Fregna, Francesco Attanasio, Guido Travaini, and Cristina Colombo.Letter to the Editor: Interpersonal Violent Behavior in Bipolar Disorder: A Preliminary Study on Gender Differences.Violence and Gender.Sep 2023.173-174.http://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2023.0020Published in Volume: 10 Issue 3: September 14, 2023Online Ahead of Print:August 28, 2023PDF download
暴力和性别致编辑的信:双相情感障碍中的人际暴力行为:性别差异的初步研究lorenzo Fregna, Francesco Attanasio, Guido Travaini和Cristina ColomboLorenzo FregnaIRCCS San Raffaele科学研究所，情绪障碍部门，米兰，意大利。罗马大学人类神经科学系，罗马，意大利。地址通信:Francesco Attanasio，医学博士，Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, Milan 20132, Italy. E-mail地址:[email protected]https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8643-7814Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy。搜索该作者的更多论文，Guido TravainiVita-Salute圣拉斐尔大学，米兰，意大利。搜索本作者和Cristina ColomboVita-Salute圣拉斐尔大学的更多论文，意大利米兰。搜索作者的更多论文发表在线:2023年9月14日https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2023.0020AboutSectionsView文章查看全文pdf /EPUB权限和引文下载引文列表引文添加到收藏返回出版分享分享在facebook上推特链接在redditemail查看文章“给编辑的信:人际暴力行为在双相情感障碍:性别差异的初步研究。”《暴力与性别》，10(3)，pp. 173-174FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails第10卷第3期2023年9月信息版权所有，Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.，出版商本文作者:Lorenzo Fregna, Francesco Attanasio, Guido Travaini和Cristina Colombo。致编辑的信:双相情感障碍的人际暴力行为:性别差异的初步研究。暴力与性别。20123.09.173 -174.http://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2023.0020Published卷:10期:2023年9月14日在线提前打印:2023年8月28日pdf下载
{"title":"<i>Letter to the Editor:</i> Interpersonal Violent Behavior in Bipolar Disorder: A Preliminary Study on Gender Differences","authors":"Lorenzo Fregna, Francesco Attanasio, Guido Travaini, Cristina Colombo","doi":"10.1089/vio.2023.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2023.0020","url":null,"abstract":"Violence and GenderVol. 10, No. 3 Letter to the EditorLetter to the Editor: Interpersonal Violent Behavior in Bipolar Disorder: A Preliminary Study on Gender DifferencesLorenzo Fregna, Francesco Attanasio, Guido Travaini, and Cristina ColomboLorenzo FregnaIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Mood Disorder Unit, Milan, Italy.Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.Search for more papers by this author, Francesco AttanasioAddress correspondence to: Francesco Attanasio, MD, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, Milan 20132, Italy E-mail Address: [email protected]https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8643-7814Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.Search for more papers by this author, Guido TravainiVita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.Search for more papers by this author, and Cristina ColomboVita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.Search for more papers by this authorPublished Online:14 Sep 2023https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2023.0020AboutSectionsView articleView Full TextPDF/EPUB Permissions & CitationsPermissionsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsAdd to favorites Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail View article\"Letter to the Editor: Interpersonal Violent Behavior in Bipolar Disorder: A Preliminary Study on Gender Differences.\" Violence and Gender, 10(3), pp. 173–174FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 10Issue 3Sep 2023 InformationCopyright 2023, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishersTo cite this article:Lorenzo Fregna, Francesco Attanasio, Guido Travaini, and Cristina Colombo.Letter to the Editor: Interpersonal Violent Behavior in Bipolar Disorder: A Preliminary Study on Gender Differences.Violence and Gender.Sep 2023.173-174.http://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2023.0020Published in Volume: 10 Issue 3: September 14, 2023Online Ahead of Print:August 28, 2023PDF download","PeriodicalId":45010,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Gender","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136310106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Rothman, Jackie Sheridan-Johnson, Poulami Maitra, Toby Shulruff, C. K. Sniffen, E. Mumford
{"title":"Stress, Suicidality, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Emotional Distress, and Social Isolation Among U.S. Adults Experiencing Online Abuse or Harassment","authors":"E. Rothman, Jackie Sheridan-Johnson, Poulami Maitra, Toby Shulruff, C. K. Sniffen, E. Mumford","doi":"10.1089/vio.2022.0053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2022.0053","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45010,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Gender","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46782167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katie M. Edwards, N. Perez-Brena, Lorey A. Wheeler, Esteban Guerrero-Ortiz
{"title":"Preventing Gender-Based Violence Among Latino Boys Using a Culturally Grounded, Gender Transformative Approach: A Review of the Literature and Call to Action","authors":"Katie M. Edwards, N. Perez-Brena, Lorey A. Wheeler, Esteban Guerrero-Ortiz","doi":"10.1089/vio.2022.0071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2022.0071","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45010,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Gender","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48571666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sexual Assault Reporting Trends During CoVID-19 Lockdown: Results from a Metropolitan City","authors":"Ashley K. Fansher, Madison Self, Sara B. Zedaker","doi":"10.1089/vio.2022.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2022.0024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45010,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Gender","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48940616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Online Gender-Based Violence in Indonesian Context: The Shadow Pandemic Study","authors":"M. S. D. Suryanti, M. Z. Muttaqin","doi":"10.1089/vio.2022.0057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2022.0057","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45010,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Gender","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42061663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayat Awawdeh, Jehad A. Rababah, M. Al-Hammouri, Ahlam Al-Natour, S. Hamaideh
{"title":"The Prevalence and Gender Differences of Bullying and Cyberbullying Victimization Among University Students in Jordan","authors":"Ayat Awawdeh, Jehad A. Rababah, M. Al-Hammouri, Ahlam Al-Natour, S. Hamaideh","doi":"10.1089/vio.2022.0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2022.0055","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45010,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Gender","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49053631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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