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Determinants of Infrastructure Spending Efficiency in Indonesia: Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Tobit Regression Approach 印度尼西亚基础设施支出效率的决定因素:数据包络分析(DEA)和Tobit回归方法
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.58344/jws.v2i8.347
Sri Hartono, Aulia Fuad Rahman, Muhammad Tojibussabirin
This study aims to measure the efficiency value of the Ministry of PUPR's infrastructure development in each province in the 2020-2022 period and examine the influence of the determinants of efficiency through fiscal capacity, population, and area. The data used in this study uses secondary data, namely expenditure realization data in the PUPR Ministry's financial reports, Minister of Finance Regulations regarding regional fiscal capacity, and data on population and area according to the Central Bureau of Statistics. This study uses two stages of analysis; the first is to measure technical efficiency with the DEA approach through the assumption of input-oriented VRS (Variable Return to Scale), and the second is to analyze the determinants using the Tobit regression model. The study results show that the average infrastructure development efficiency score decreased over 2020-2022. Other results find that fiscal capacity has an effect on increasing the efficiency of infrastructure development, and population size and area have an effect on reducing the efficiency of infrastructure development.
本研究旨在衡量2020-2022年各省邮政部基础设施发展的效率值,并通过财政能力、人口和面积考察效率决定因素的影响。本研究使用的数据采用二级数据,即人民公务部财务报告中的支出实现数据、《财政部长条例》中关于地区财政能力的数据、中央统计局的人口和面积数据。本研究采用两阶段分析法;首先,通过投入导向的VRS(可变规模回报)假设,采用DEA方法衡量技术效率;其次,使用Tobit回归模型分析决定因素。研究结果表明,2020-2022年期间,基础设施发展效率平均得分有所下降。其他结果发现,财政能力对提高基础设施开发效率有影响,人口规模和面积对降低基础设施开发效率有影响。
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引用次数: 0
The Influence of Entrepreneurial Education on Entrepreneurial Attitude through Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy among Pharmacists 创业教育对药师创业自我效能感的影响
Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.58344/jws.v2i8.423
Sunanto Sunanto, Hamdy Hady, Jan Horas Veriady Purba
This research aims to find out more deeply about the influence of entrepreneurial education (EE) on entrepreneurial attitude (EA) through entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) in pharmacists in Jabodetabek. The population in this study are all registered pharmacists in the Indonesian Pharmacists Association (IAI) in the Jabodetabek area, and based on the latest IAI data, as of 2022, there are 16,941 pharmacists. Using the Slovin formula, by taking an error of 5%, a sample size of 391 respondents was obtained using proportional random sampling via a questionnaire. Quantitative data analysis using measurement model analysis, structural models, and verification analysis (hypothesis testing) using a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach with the help of Lisrel. The research results showed that the two independent variables, either Entrepreneurial Education (EE) or Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy (ESE), had a positive and significant effect on the Entrepreneurial Attitude (EA) of Pharmacists in Jabodetabek. The higher the EE or ESE, the higher the Entrepreneurial Attitude (EA). EE was also proven to be a significant predictor of ESE. Then, Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy (ESE) significantly mediates the positive influence of Entrepreneurial Education (EE) on Entrepreneurial Attitude (EA) among Pharmacists in Jabodetabek. The results of this research can provide business input for pharmacists as well as input for policy recommendations for related parties in the pharmaceutical entrepreneurship ecosystem.
本研究旨在通过Jabodetabek市药师的创业自我效能感(ESE),更深入地了解创业教育(EE)对创业态度(EA)的影响。本研究的人群均为Jabodetabek地区印度尼西亚药剂师协会(IAI)的注册药剂师,根据最新的IAI数据,截至2022年,共有16,941名药剂师。采用斯洛文公式,在误差为5%的情况下,通过问卷调查,采用比例随机抽样的方式获得391名受访者的样本量。定量数据分析使用测量模型分析,结构模型和验证分析(假设检验)使用结构方程建模(SEM)方法与Lisrel的帮助。研究结果表明,创业教育(EE)和创业自我效能感(ESE)这两个自变量对药师创业态度(EA)有显著的正向影响。EE或ESE越高,创业态度(EA)越高。情感表达也被证明是情感表达的重要预测因子。创业自我效能感显著中介创业教育对药师创业态度的正向影响。研究结果可为药师提供业务投入,也可为医药创业生态系统相关方提供政策建议。
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引用次数: 0
Islamic Law Perspective: The Issue of Interfaith Marriage and its Impact on Society in Indonesia 伊斯兰法律视角:印尼宗教间婚姻问题及其对社会的影响
Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.58344/jws.v2i8.410
Ade Ulfa Amin, Syafruddin Syam, Imam Yazid
Indonesia has different cultures, customs, and religions, as well as different beliefs; of course, each society has different rules, including marriage. Every marriage cannot be separated from the important influence of religion, belief, and culture of the community and religious leaders in the area where the community is located. The aim of this research is to explore knowledge about the perspective of Islamic religious law in interfaith marriages. This research also aims to determine the possible social impacts that can occur for those who enter into interfaith marriages in Indonesia. The research method used in this research is a normative legal research method, namely using legal material sources in the form of statutory regulations, court decisions/decisions, contracts/agreements/agreements, legal theory, and expert opinions. The results of the research obtained are that there are no loopholes, and potential interfaith marriages can be legalized according to religious law and law in Indonesia, apart from that, interfaith marriages can trigger potential conflicts between communities, family relationships, husband and wife relationships as well as the resulting negative impact on the resulting children, from interfaith marriages. This research has implications for comparisons of how other Muslim-majority countries handle interfaith marriages within the framework of Islamic law. This can provide valuable insight into alternative approaches and potential best practices for Indonesia.
印度尼西亚有不同的文化、习俗和宗教,也有不同的信仰;当然,每个社会都有不同的规则,包括婚姻。每一桩婚姻都离不开该社区的宗教、信仰和文化以及该社区所在地区宗教领袖的重要影响。本研究的目的是探讨关于伊斯兰教法在跨信仰婚姻中的观点。本研究还旨在确定在印度尼西亚进入跨宗教婚姻的人可能产生的社会影响。本研究采用的研究方法是规范性法律研究方法,即以法律法规、法院判决/判决、合同/协议/协议、法律理论、专家意见等形式使用法律材料来源。得到的研究结果是没有漏洞,潜在的跨宗教婚姻可以根据印度尼西亚的宗教法律和法律进行合法化,除此之外,跨宗教婚姻可能引发社区之间、家庭关系、夫妻关系之间的潜在冲突,以及由此对所产生的孩子产生的负面影响。这项研究对比较其他穆斯林占多数的国家如何在伊斯兰法律框架内处理宗教间婚姻具有启示意义。这可以为印度尼西亚的替代方法和潜在的最佳做法提供有价值的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Misuse of State Property in The Form of State-Owned Houses 以国有房屋的形式滥用国有财产
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.58344/jws.v2i8.346
Rina Andriani, Imam Subekti, M. Rusydi
The management of class III state houses begins with the transfer of status of class II state houses to class III state houses, transfer of rights, lease purchase agreements, and transfer of property rights. This study aims to determine the process of managing class III state houses and the problem of misuse of state property in the form of class III state houses. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research method with a case study approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews and documentation. The results showed that a lack of internal control could cause the problem of abuse of country houses. The solution to these problems is following up with applicable regulations and strengthening the internal control system. This research implies that it becomes the basis for compiling clear and detailed guidelines or guidelines on the management of class III state houses. These guidelines will assist the authorities in establishing rules that are more transparent, accountable, and efficient in managing these state houses.
第三类国有房屋的管理,从第二类国有房屋的地位向第三类国有房屋转移、权利转让、租赁购买协议、产权转让开始。本研究旨在确定三级国有房屋的管理过程,以及以三级国有房屋的形式滥用国有财产的问题。本研究采用描述性定性研究方法,结合个案研究方法。数据收集技术是通过面谈和记录文件进行的。结果表明,缺乏内部控制可能导致滥用乡间别墅的问题。解决这些问题的办法是贯彻相关法规,加强内部控制制度。这项研究意味着,它成为编制明确和详细的准则或III类国有房屋管理准则的基础。这些指导方针将有助于当局在管理这些州议会方面建立更加透明、负责和有效的规则。
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引用次数: 0
The Influence of Leadership Style on Employee Performance and Loyalty Mediated by Organizational Climate 组织氛围中介下领导风格对员工绩效和忠诚度的影响
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.58344/jws.v2i8.386
Muhammad Tito Andrianto, Anoesyirwan Moeins, W. Sunaryo
In an increasingly complex and dynamic world of work, the role of leadership style, performance and employee loyalty are important aspects that need to be well understood. The Regional Immigration Office of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in Jakarta has various duties and responsibilities, requiring effective leadership to achieve organizational goals. This study aimed to explore the relationship between leadership style, performance, and employee loyalty at the Regional Immigration Office of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in Jakarta. This study used a Sequential Explanatory approach, which combined qualitative and quantitative methods. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and observations as qualitative methods to understand leadership style and organizational climate. Furthermore, a structured questionnaire was utilized to gather quantitative data about employees' perceptions of leadership style, performance, and loyalty. Qualitative data were analyzed using a thematic approach, while quantitative data were analyzed using statistical analysis. The study's results showed that leadership style influenced employee performance and loyalty. The organizational climate was also proven to mediate the effect of leadership style on employee performance and loyalty.
在一个日益复杂和动态的工作世界中,领导风格、绩效和员工忠诚度的作用是需要很好地理解的重要方面。设在雅加达的法律和人权部区域移民办公室有各种职责和责任,需要有效的领导才能实现组织目标。本研究旨在探讨雅加达法律与人权部区域移民办公室的领导风格、绩效与员工忠诚度之间的关系。本研究采用定性与定量相结合的序贯解释方法。通过深入访谈和观察收集数据,作为定性方法来了解领导风格和组织氛围。此外,利用结构化问卷收集员工对领导风格、绩效和忠诚度的看法的定量数据。定性数据采用专题分析方法,定量数据采用统计分析方法。研究结果表明,领导风格影响员工绩效和忠诚度。组织氛围也被证明对领导风格对员工绩效和忠诚度的影响具有中介作用。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of The Relationship Between Self-Help Housing Assistance Programs and The Reduction of Stunting in Indonesia 印尼自助住房援助计划与减少发育不良的关系分析
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.58344/jws.v2i8.378
Mutia Citrawati Lestari, Isfandiarni Isfandiarni
This study aims to analyze the relationship between government policy in the form of the Self-Help Housing Stimulant Assistance Program (BSPS/Self-Help Homes Program) and the reduction of stunting in Indonesia. By utilizing data on the prevalence of stunting in districts/cities in Indonesia in 2016-2021 and data on districts/cities receiving self-help housing assistance in 2016-2021, this study uses the panel data regression method to show the correlation between the BSPS program and the reduction in stunting at the district/city level in Indonesia. Based on the regression results, it can be concluded that the 2016-2021 BSPS Program as an independent variable shows a negative and significant relationship with a decrease in stunting in 514 districts/cities in Indonesia. The percentage of women giving birth in health facilities, proper sanitation, poor population, the ability to read and write in women aged > 15 years, and district/city GDP per capita significantly reduces stunting in Indonesia. On the other hand, toddlers who receive complete basic immunization and state spending on health do not affect stunting reduction. This study recommends expanding the BSPS Program to more districts/cities in Indonesia, increasing the level of knowledge and awareness of mothers about stunting, improving proper sanitation, evaluating health spending strategies at the district/city level, and considering regional socioeconomic factors in policy planning. Moreover, the allocation of resources contributes to reducing stunting.
本研究旨在分析印尼政府以自助住房刺激援助计划(BSPS/自助家园计划)形式的政策与减少发育迟缓之间的关系。本研究利用2016-2021年印度尼西亚各区/城市发育迟缓患病率数据和2016-2021年接受自助住房援助的各区/城市数据,采用面板数据回归方法显示了BSPS计划与印度尼西亚各区/城市发育迟缓发生率降低之间的相关性。根据回归结果,可以得出结论,2016-2021年BSPS计划作为一个自变量,与印度尼西亚514个地区/城市的发育迟缓率下降呈显著负相关。在保健设施、适当的卫生设施、贫困人口、5至15岁妇女的读写能力以及地区/城市人均国内生产总值中分娩的妇女百分比大大减少了印度尼西亚的发育迟缓。另一方面,接受完全基本免疫接种和国家卫生支出的幼儿对减少发育迟缓没有影响。本研究建议将BSPS方案扩大到印度尼西亚更多的地区/城市,提高母亲对发育迟缓的知识和认识水平,改善适当的卫生设施,评估地区/城市一级的卫生支出战略,并在政策规划中考虑区域社会经济因素。此外,资源的分配有助于减少发育迟缓。
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引用次数: 0
Project-Based Learning Model to Enhance Soft Skills of Vocational High School Students 基于项目的学习模式提升中职学生软技能
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2023-08-29 DOI: 10.58344/jws.v2i8.392
I. Tejawiani, Indri Lastriyani, Lidiawati Lidiawati, Margono Margono, Ida Farida Fitriyani
This study aimed to analyze students' interpersonal and intrapersonal skills at Integrated Vocational High School 1 Yaspida, where all students are in boarding schools and SMK Yasti district. Sukabumi, only 15% are boarding houses. The method used is qualitative with case studies. The data analysis technique used is the Miles and Huberman technique (data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion). The results of this study indicate that the soft skills of students at SMK YASTI and SMK Terpadu 1 Yaspida have the same results; students' interpersonal and intrapersonal skills are not affected by the presence of students living, whether they are in boarding school or not. Yasti Vocational School has a very good program, which can shape student characteristics and develop student soft skills, just like students who are in Islamic boarding schools. The soft skills aspect with the highest rating is the Collaboration aspect, and the lowest rating is on the leadership aspect. This research implies that through the implementation of project-based learning models, vocational high schools (SMK) can create a more realistic learning environment that is outcome-oriented and focused on developing skills needed in the working world and daily life.
本研究旨在分析Yaspida综合职业高中1学生的人际交往和人际交往能力,该学校所有学生都在寄宿学校和SMK Yasti区。素kabumi,只有15%是寄宿公寓。使用的方法是定性的案例研究。使用的数据分析技术是Miles和Huberman技术(数据简化、数据表示和结论)。本研究结果表明,SMK YASTI和SMK Terpadu 1 Yaspida学生的软技能具有相同的结果;学生的人际交往和人际交往能力不受学生生活的影响,无论他们是否在寄宿学校。Yasti职业学校有一个非常好的项目,可以塑造学生的特点,培养学生的软技能,就像伊斯兰寄宿学校的学生一样。评价最高的软技能方面是协作方面,评价最低的是领导方面。本研究表明,通过实施基于项目的学习模式,职业高中(SMK)可以创造一个更现实的学习环境,以结果为导向,专注于发展工作世界和日常生活所需的技能。
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引用次数: 0
Child Participation in Marriage Dispensation in Southeast Asian Muslim Countries from The Perspective of the Convention on the Rights of the Child 从《儿童权利公约》看东南亚穆斯林国家儿童参与婚姻分配
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2023-08-28 DOI: 10.58344/jws.v2i8.393
E. Ernawati, A. Abdullah, Zaitunah Subhan
The purpose of this research is to understand and analyze child marriages in Muslim-majority countries in Southeast Asia from the perspective of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The research design used in this study is qualitative. The research nature is juridical-normative, referring to legal norms present in the legislations of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei Darussalam. The research results indicate that using the CRC's concept of Child Participation in dispensations for underage marriage, it was previously shown that the concept of child protection encompasses a broad scope (O'Donnell), and the Convention on the Rights of the Child emphasizes that all actions taken concerning the child must be contextually appropriate, for the best interests of the child (Eekelaar). Therefore, this study shows to what extent the protection of children's rights regarding their participation in dispensations for underage marriage in Southeast Asian Muslim countries, is allegedly contradictory to the CRC's definitive provision on the age of the child. This research implies that it can help analyze the extent to which child marriages violate the rights of the child as guaranteed by the Convention on the Rights of the Child. It aids in understanding how cultural and religious factors influence the practice of child marriages in Muslim-majority countries in Southeast Asia. Additionally, the results of this research could stimulate further studies in the same or related domains.
本研究的目的是从《儿童权利公约》的角度来理解和分析东南亚穆斯林占多数的国家的童婚问题。本研究采用定性研究设计。研究性质是司法规范,指的是存在于印度尼西亚、马来西亚和文莱达鲁萨兰国立法中的法律规范。研究结果表明,利用《儿童权利公约》关于未成年人婚姻豁免中儿童参与的概念,以前的研究表明,儿童保护的概念涵盖了一个广泛的范围(O'Donnell),《儿童权利公约》强调,所有涉及儿童的行动都必须符合背景,符合儿童的最大利益(Eekelaar)。因此,这项研究表明,在东南亚穆斯林国家,保护儿童参与未成年人婚姻豁免的权利在多大程度上与《儿童权利公约》关于儿童年龄的明确规定相矛盾。这项研究表明,它可以帮助分析童婚在多大程度上侵犯了《儿童权利公约》所保障的儿童权利。它有助于理解文化和宗教因素如何影响东南亚穆斯林占多数的国家的童婚习俗。此外,本研究的结果可以刺激在相同或相关领域的进一步研究。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Consumer Buying Behavior at the East Bekasi Regional Pharmacy 东贝卡西区域药房消费者购买行为分析
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2023-08-28 DOI: 10.58344/jws.v2i8.407
Edward Leonard Parsaoran, S. Hartono
This research is motivated by consumer behavior patterns in purchasing medicine at pharmacies. The variables used in this study include price, service quality, purchase decisions, and consumer trust as a mediator. The purpose of this research is to understand and analyze consumer purchasing behavior of medicine at pharmacies in the East Bekasi area. The methodology employed in this study is quantitative research with causal explanation. Data collection techniques involve distributing questionnaires. Meanwhile, the sampling technique utilizes a non-probability sampling design with purposive sampling. Data processing involves Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using the SmartPLS software version 3.3.7 and includes 138 respondents. Based on the testing and analysis results, it can be concluded that consumer trust mediates price and service quality, consequently exerting a positive and significant influence on the purchase decisions of medicine at East Bekasi Pharmacy. The implications of this research are expected to contribute as information for entrepreneurs and managerial implications that can be practically applied within companies, particularly in determining marketing strategies by managing internal and external factors to enhance sales. Moreover, it also holds theoretical implications in the academic field with the hope of generating new theories.
本研究的动机是消费者在药店购买药品的行为模式。本研究使用的变量包括价格、服务质量、购买决策和消费者信任作为中介。本研究的目的是了解和分析东贝卡西地区药房消费者的药品购买行为。本研究采用的方法是定量研究与因果解释。数据收集技术包括分发问卷。同时,抽样技术采用非概率抽样设计,具有目的性抽样。数据处理涉及结构方程建模(SEM)使用SmartPLS软件版本3.3.7,包括138名受访者。从检验分析结果可以看出,消费者信任在价格和服务质量之间起中介作用,从而对东贝卡西药房的药品购买决策产生正向显著影响。预期这项研究的影响将为企业家和管理方面的影响提供信息,可在公司内部实际应用,特别是在通过管理内部和外部因素来确定营销战略以促进销售方面。此外,它在学术领域也具有理论意义,希望产生新的理论。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Implementing Local Government Information System on the Quality of Local Government Financial Reports Moderated by Human Resource Competence 地方政府信息系统实施对人力资源能力调节的地方政府财务报告质量的影响
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2023-08-28 DOI: 10.58344/jws.v2i8.390
Nasrun Naida, A. M. Amir, Muhammad Din, M. A., F. Karim
This study aims to measure the effect of implementing local government information systems on the quality of government financial reports with human resource competence as a moderating variable. The research was conducted using quantitative methods, and data collection was carried out using questionnaires and PLS with the help of WarpPLS software. The results of this research analysis show empirical evidence that the implementation of local government information systems on the quality of local government financial reports can have a positive effect; on the other hand, human resource competence can moderate the relationship between the application of local government information systems to the quality of local government financial reports. Studies This gets empirical proof about many matters related to quality report finance government area. System information government area own influence positive to quality report finances. Competence source Power man can strengthen influence connection between information systems government area to quality report finance government area.
本研究旨在以人力资源能力为调节变量,衡量地方政府信息系统实施对政府财务报告质量的影响。本研究采用定量方法,数据收集采用问卷调查法和PLS法,借助WarpPLS软件进行。本文的研究结果分析表明,实证证据表明,地方政府信息系统的实施对地方政府财务报告质量能够产生积极的影响;另一方面,人力资源能力可以调节地方政府信息系统应用与地方政府财务报告质量之间的关系。本文对财务政府领域质量报告的诸多相关问题进行了实证研究。系统信息政务领域自身对财政报告质量的影响是积极的。权力者可以加强信息系统政务部门对质量报告、财务政务部门之间的影响联系。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
World Journal of Science Technology and Sustainable Development
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