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Praxis Der Kinderpsychologie Und Kinderpsychiatrie最新文献

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Originalarbeiten / Original Articles. Schulabsentismus als Funktionsbeeinträchtigung von Jugendlichen mit Persönlichkeitsstörungen gemäß ICD-11 / School Absence as Functional Impairment of Juveniles with Personality Disorders Based on ICD-11. 原创文章。根据ICD-11,缺课是人格障碍青少年的功能障碍。
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.13109/prkk.2024.73.8.700
Sebastian Hoffmann, Johanna K Loy, Sandra Färber, Maya Krischer

School Absence as Functional Impairment of Juveniles with Personality Disorders Based on ICD-11 This longitudinal study focused on the question whether specialized treatment with applied transference focused psychotherapy in a day hospital program can improve school dysfunction in adolescents with borderline and other personality disorders (PD). Moreover, we investigated influential factors for the improvement of school attendance. Among the 175 juvenile patients, before treatment 60 % showed school absence. Our results indicate that the treatment could improve school attendance significantly. At the same time, we could show that some psychological variables can be considered essential predictors for the development of attending school regularly. More conduct problems and dissocial behavior diminished the likelihood to attend school increasingly regular; the higher borderline and avoidance PD criteria were fulfilled, the higher were the odds to improve school attendance. With respect to the changes regarding functional impairment of PD in the upcoming ICD-11 our results could generate knowledge that school dysfunction in adolescents with PD can be improved significantly with applied transference focused psychotherapy in a day hospital program, especially in juveniles with borderline and avoidant PD. The alteration in ICD-11 with its focus on functional impairment enables to assess and treat this problem earlier in adolescence. A specific focus for future research based on ICD-11 should address the issue how juveniles with pd, school dysfunction and conduct problems can benefit more from treatment.

基于ICD-11的缺课作为青少年人格障碍的功能障碍本纵向研究关注的问题是,在日间医院项目中应用移情心理治疗的专门治疗是否可以改善边缘型人格障碍和其他人格障碍(PD)青少年的学校功能障碍。此外,我们还调查了提高学校出勤率的影响因素。175例青少年患者中,治疗前60%出现缺课现象。我们的研究结果表明,治疗可以显著提高入学率。同时,我们可以证明一些心理变量可以被认为是定期上学发展的重要预测因素。更多的品行问题和反社会行为降低了他们越来越规律上学的可能性;边缘性和回避性PD标准越高,提高出勤率的几率就越高。关于即将到来的ICD-11中PD功能障碍的变化,我们的研究结果可以让我们认识到,在日间医院项目中应用移情心理治疗可以显著改善青少年PD的学校功能障碍,特别是在边缘型和回避型PD青少年中。ICD-11对功能障碍的关注使我们能够在青少年早期评估和治疗这一问题。基于ICD-11的未来研究的一个具体重点应该是解决患有pd,学校功能障碍和行为问题的青少年如何从治疗中获益。
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引用次数: 0
Übersichtsarbeiten / Review Articles. Die Computerspielstörung in der ICD-11: Hintergründe, Kriterien und mögliche Implikationen / Gaming Disorder According to the ICD-11: Background, Criteria and Possible Implications. 评论/评论文章。根据ICD-11的游戏障碍:背景、标准和可能的影响。
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.13109/prkk.2024.73.8.753
Martin Fuchs, André Leonhardt, Kathrin Sevecke

Gaming Disorder According to the ICD-11: Background, Criteria and Possible Implications Within 60 years, playing computer games - online or offline, with a computer, games console or smartphone - has developed from a niche activity for mostly young males into a global industry worth billions. Studies show that children and adolescents in particular tend to play digital games for several hours a day, making gaming one of the most common leisure activities for young people. A small proportion of young gamers may develop addictive behaviour with harmful effects on their psychosocial functioning. Following an intense discussion process lasting several years, the World Health Organisation (WHO) responded by introducing the new disorder category, "gaming disorder", which was placed as a second disorder alongside "gambling disorder" in the chapter on behavioural addictions. As with substance-related addiction disorders, computer game addiction is conceptualized within an "addiction triangle" framework, which considers a combination of individual risk factors, environmental factors and factors intrinsic to the game itself. This article presents a discussion of the recently proposed diagnosis of gaming disorder in the context of its diagnostic criteria and aetiological factors and concludes by discussing possible implications for clinical practice.

根据ICD-11:游戏障碍的背景、标准和可能的影响在60年内,玩电脑游戏——在线或离线,用电脑、游戏机或智能手机——已经从一个主要针对年轻男性的小众活动发展成为一个价值数十亿美元的全球产业。研究表明,儿童和青少年尤其倾向于每天玩几个小时的数字游戏,这使得游戏成为年轻人最常见的休闲活动之一。一小部分年轻游戏玩家可能会产生成瘾行为,对他们的社会心理功能产生有害影响。在持续数年的激烈讨论之后,世界卫生组织(世卫组织)通过引入新的疾病类别“游戏障碍”作为回应,在关于行为成瘾的章节中,它与“赌博障碍”并列,被列为第二种疾病。与物质相关的成瘾障碍一样,电脑游戏成瘾在“成瘾三角”框架内被概念化,该框架考虑了个人风险因素、环境因素和游戏本身固有因素的组合。本文从游戏障碍的诊断标准和病因因素出发,讨论了最近提出的游戏障碍诊断,并讨论了对临床实践可能产生的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Übersichtsarbeiten / Review Articles. Voreingenommenheiten und Wahrnehmungsverzerrungen (Bias) in der psychiatrisch-psychotherapeutischen Versorgung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit intellektueller Beeinträchtigung. Übersichtsarbeiten / 评论文章。智障儿童和青少年精神心理治疗中的偏见和认知扭曲。
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.13109/prkk.2024.73.6.472
Klaus Hennicke

Bias in Mental Health Care of Children and Adolescents with Intellectual Disabilities Implicit and explicit bias and distortions of perception are partly responsible for the unequal and significantly deficient psychotherapeutic and psychiatric care situation for children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities and additional behavioral problems. The extent to which these biases influence misdiagnoses and treatment errors, refusals and exclusions from professional care, and grossly hostile rejections of people with disabilities requires empirical evidence (Bartig et al., 2021). The fact that all forms occur - probably to a considerable extent - contradicts the ethical principles of the medical and psychotherapeutic profession. In order to avoid misdiagnosis and treatment as a result of bias, this must be openly addressed. Selfawareness, supervision and second views, the concept of working diagnosis and, above all, the full application of child and adolescent psychiatric standards help to reduce bias.

智障儿童和青少年心理健康护理中的偏见 隐性和显性偏见以及认知扭曲是造成智障儿童和青少年心理治疗和精神护理不平等和严重不足的部分原因。这些偏见在多大程度上影响了误诊和治疗错误、专业护理的拒绝和排斥,以及对残障人士的严重敌意排斥,这些都需要经验证据(Bartig 等人,2021 年)。所有形式的误诊--可能在相当程度上--都违背了医疗和心理治疗行业的道德原则。为了避免因偏见而导致误诊误治,必须公开解决这一问题。自我意识、监督和第二意见、工作诊断的概念,以及最重要的是,充分应用儿童和青少年精神病学标准,都有助于减少偏见。
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引用次数: 0
Inhalt. 内容
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.13109/prkk.2024.73.6.471
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引用次数: 0
AUTORINNEN UND AUTOREN. 作者:
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.13109/prkk.2024.73.6.553
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引用次数: 0
BUCHBESPRECHUNGEN. 书评:
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.13109/prkk.2024.73.6.555
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引用次数: 0
Originalarbeiten / Original Articles. Die Behandlung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit substanzbezogenen Störungen im deutschen Gesundheitssystem – eine Quantitative Studie. Originalarbeiten / 原创文章。德国医疗保健系统对患有药物相关疾病的儿童和青少年的治疗--一项定量研究。
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.13109/prkk.2024.73.6.531
Florian Peter Moser

The Treatment of Children and Adolescents with Substance-Related Disorders in the German Health Care System - a Quantitative Study This study evaluates the minimum characteristics of OPS code 9-694 for specific treatment in special settings for substance-related disorders in children and adolescents. The research questions to be answered are the extent to which given minimum characteristics and potentials are assessed as practical, up-to-date, needs-oriented and necessary. The survey was conducted using a nationwide online survey in special wards of child and adolescent psychiatric clinics. Given minimum characteristics reflect everyday clinical practice and are assessed as practical, up-to-date and relevant. Nevertheless, setting- and method-specific potential for further development was identified, most of which has already been implemented in the clinics but has not yet been incorporated into the minimum characteristics. The topic has received little research attention to date. The findings of the original study can provide a basis for the optimization and adaptation of minimum characteristics and treatment offers for children and adolescents with substance-related disorders and lead to the further development of the OPS code. A theory-practice transfer tailored to the target group requires the networking of individual players in the help system as well as the health policy discussion and gradual adaptation of the content of given minimum characteristics and potential for change.

德国医疗保健系统对患有药物相关疾病的儿童和青少年的治疗--一项定量研究 本研究评估了 OPS 代码 9-694 在特殊环境中对儿童和青少年药物相关疾病进行特殊治疗的最低特征。要回答的研究问题是,特定的最低特征和潜力在多大程度上被认为是实用的、最新的、以需求为导向的和必要的。这项调查是在儿童和青少年精神科诊所的特殊病房进行的全国性在线调查。所给出的最基本特征反映了日常临床实践,并被评为实用、最新和相关。尽管如此,我们还是发现了针对特定环境和方法的进一步发展潜力,其中大部分已在诊所实施,但尚未纳入最低限度特征。迄今为止,该主题很少受到研究关注。原始研究的结果可以为优化和调整最低限度特征以及针对患有药物相关障碍的儿童和青少年的治疗方案提供依据,并促进《老年退休金计划》代码的进一步发展。要实现针对目标群体的理论-实践转换,需要帮助系统中的个体参与者建立联系,并进行卫生政策讨论,逐步调整给定最低特征的内容和变革潜力。
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引用次数: 0
TAGUNGSKALENDER. tagungskalender.
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.13109/prkk.2024.73.6.558
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引用次数: 0
Originalarbeiten / Original Articles. Die partizipative, berufsgruppen- und abteilungsübergreifende Entwicklung eines Ethik- Leitbildes in einer kinder- und jugendpsychiatrischen Klinik: Der Ethik-Kompass der UPKKJ Basel. Originalarbeiten / 原创文章。儿童和青少年精神科诊所参与式、跨专业和跨部门制定伦理使命宣言:巴塞尔UPKKJ的伦理指南针。
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.13109/prkk.2024.73.6.491
Matthias Luther, Jan Schürmann, Regine Heimann, Alain Di Gallo

The Participatory, Cross-Professional and Cross-Departmental Development of an EthicalMission Statement in a Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic: The Ethics Compass of theUPKKJ Basel Employees in child and adolescent psychiatry navigate a complex field of ethical requirements. At the Clinic for Children and Adolescents of the University Psychiatric Clinics Basel (UPKKJ), these areas of tension were examined in a project that spanned across numerous departments and professional groups. Based on a survey study and a narrative literature review, ethical guidelines were developed: the UPKKJ Ethics Compass. The Ethics Compass highlights various areas such as participation, child welfare, justice and developmental health, which are relevant to the relationships between children, adolescents, parents, and the treatment team. To implement these principles in everyday clinical practice, the Ethics Compass is now regularly used in case work and as a communication aid with external partners. Furthermore, a procedural action plan was developed for collaboration with the Department of Clinical Ethics at the University Hospitals in Basel.

儿童与青少年精神病诊所参与式、跨专业和跨部门的伦理使命宣言制定:巴塞尔大学儿童和青少年精神病学诊所的伦理指南针 儿童和青少年精神病学诊所的员工要面对复杂的伦理要求。在巴塞尔大学精神病诊所(UPKKJ)的儿童与青少年诊所里,我们通过一个横跨多个部门和专业团体的项目对这些紧张领域进行了研究。在调查研究和文献综述的基础上,制定了伦理指南:UPKKJ 伦理指南针。道德指南针强调了参与、儿童福利、正义和发育健康等多个领域,这些领域与儿童、青少年、家长和治疗团队之间的关系息息相关。为了在日常临床实践中落实这些原则,《道德指南针》现在经常用于个案工作,并作为与外部合作伙伴沟通的辅助工具。此外,还与巴塞尔大学医院临床伦理部合作制定了一项程序性行动计划。
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引用次数: 0
Originalarbeiten / Original Articles. Prävention sexualisierter Gewalt an Kindern und Jugendlichen: Präventionsmaßnahmen und Schutzkonzepte in den Bereichen Sport, Musik und Kirche. Originalarbeiten / 原创文章。预防针对儿童和青少年的性暴力:体育、音乐和教会领域的预防措施和保护理念。
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.13109/prkk.2024.73.6.508
Marius Stickel, Teresa Walter, Christian Götzl, Judith Streb, Manuela Dudeck, Jörg M Fegert, Andreas Jud

Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse: Prevention Programs and Safeguarding Concepts in the Context of Sports, Musical Education, and Religious Organizations Prevalence rates of child sexual abuse by caregivers in private and non-public institutions underscore the need for implementing safeguarding concepts. However, factors driving the implementation of prevention and safeguarding in the field are not well understood. What supportive and inhibiting factors can be identified in the implementation of safeguarding concepts and prevention programs? Content analysis of semi-structured interviews with professional and volunteer staff in clubs and institutions (n = 10, 69 % female) as well as with individuals who experienced child sexual abuse during their childhood (n = 3, 66 % female). Safeguarding concepts in clubs or religious institutions were primarily initiated by umbrella organizations. Current incidents of child maltreatment, public pressure, and media attention substantially increased the need for preventive actions. The provision of training, resources, and networking structures by umbrella organizations further facilitated their implementation. Main implementation challenges included limited personnel and time resources, lack of expertise, insufficient training opportunities, and absence of guidelines and support from umbrella organizations. Due to club leaders' limited knowledge and resources an independent implementation of safeguarding concepts is largely lacking without concrete guidelines and support from umbrella organizations. To upscale safeguarding, public policies or incentive systems such as state-funded child protection certifications are thus paramount.

预防儿童性虐待:预防儿童性虐待:体育、音乐教育和宗教组织背景下的预防计划和保护理念 私立和非公立机构中照料者对儿童性虐待的发生率强调了实施保护理念的必要性。然而,推动在该领域实施预防和保护的因素并不十分明确。在实施保护概念和预防计划的过程中,可以发现哪些支持性和抑制性因素?对半结构式访谈的内容进行分析,访谈对象包括俱乐部和机构的专业人员和志愿工作人员(n = 10,69 % 为女性),以及童年时期遭受过儿童性虐待的个人(n = 3,66 % 为女性)。俱乐部或宗教机构中的保护概念主要由伞式组织发起。当前的虐待儿童事件、公众压力和媒体关注大大增加了采取预防措施的必要性。伞式组织提供的培训、资源和网络结构进一步促进了这些行动的实施。实施过程中面临的主要挑战包括:人员和时间资源有限、缺乏专业知识、培训机会不足,以及缺乏伞式组织的指导和支持。由于分会领导的知识和资源有限,在没有伞式组织的具体指导和支持的情况下,基本无法独立实施保障概念。因此,要推广保护工作,公共政策或激励制度(如国家资助的儿童保护认证)至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
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Praxis Der Kinderpsychologie Und Kinderpsychiatrie
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