Praxis Der Kinderpsychologie Und Kinderpsychiatrie最新文献

Mental Health Problems and Care Situation in Students with Problem Behaviour from the Autism Spectrum (ASD) at Special Schools for Emotional and Behavioral Disorder (EBD) Children Children and adolescents with ASD often require specific support both inside and outside of school. The majority of these children are educated at special schools for emotional and behavioral disorder (EBD). There is no data available on how often ASD problems occur at EBD special schools, what other emotional and behavioral problems are shown, and how the students are supported. In the study, teachers at EBD special schools were surveyed on their pupils' mental health problems, including ASD, and the use of care services (N = 551). 19.0 % were rated as having problems in the autism spectrum, 16.7 % as having slight problems, and 64.3 % as having no problems in the autism spectrum. Pupils with behavioral problems in the autism spectrum were considered to be more affected by symptoms of depression, anxiety, compulsions and tics, among others. The values for functional impairment and distress were also significantly higher. Furthermore, children with elevated scores in the ASD spectrum receive significantly less psychotherapy and significantly more school support and speech therapy. Pupils with ASD symptoms make slightly more use of support services than other children, despite much higher levels of strain. There seems to be a gap in care that is relevant for the adaptation of conditions in schools and medical- and therapeutic services.

Research on mHealth Solutions for Families with Psychosocial Burden: Lessons Learned from the I-PREGNO Project Psychosocial burdens in the postpartum period have a negative impact on parental well-being and the parent-child relationship. Preventive interventions often do not reach these families (prevention dilemma). Blended care approaches, digital interventions combined with support by professionals, offer a low-threshold way to support this hard-to-reach group. This article examines the research process, including the development, recruitment and implementation of the I-PREGNO project - a blended care intervention to promote mental health and weight management in psychosocially burdened postpartum families. The app was developed in collaboration with professionals and families and evaluated in a cluster-randomized controlled trial to identify strengths and challenges in recruitment and implementation. Despite initial strong interest from professionals, recruiting this hard-to-reach group proved challenging, highlighting the prevention dilemma. However, a low dropout rate was maintained among successfully recruited families throughout the study. The app's user-centered development led to high satisfaction but revealed the need for adherence strategies and multilingual materials. The involvement of healthcare professionals was crucial for accessing this vulnerable group but requires more generous resource planning for training and support. I-PREGNO provides important insights for future interventions to more effectively reach psychosocially burdened families and alleviate pressure on the healthcare system.

Efficacy of Home-Visiting Programs in Early Childhood. Results from a Systematic Review of the International Research Literature Early childhood home-visiting programs are tried and tested for families in need of support. Little is known about its efficacy in Germany due to a lack of research activity. The aim of a systematic review was to compile the international research literature on the efficacy of homevisiting programs. From a pre-selection of 215 studies, 5 meta-analyses, 11 systematic reviews, 39 experimental studies, and 18 non-controlled longitudinal studies were evaluated and presented in detail. As a result, home-visiting program approaches were found to be robustly efficacious in preventing child abuse and neglect, intimate partner violence, and promoting age-appropriate child development, safe home environments, and appropriate parenting behaviors. The effects on behavioral problems in children, the promotion of parent-child interaction as well as social support in parents are promising, thus direct (proximal) factors of parenting behaviors. In contrast, the findings on health in children and mothers are uncertain and contradictory. The findings were differentiated according to outcome criteria, and programs, weighted according to evidence, and impact-promoting aspects. In early childhood, selective and targeted home-visiting programs appear to be more efficacious than universal approaches. The relevance and transferability of the results to home-visiting programs in Germany are discussed.

Because the effects of climate change become increasingly evident, climate change related negative emotions like anxiety become more prominent, particularly among younger populations. This study introduces psychometric properties and validity of the German Climate Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (GCAS-A), a tool specifically designed to assess climate anxiety in Germanspeaking adolescents. Results of a sample of 136 adolescents (Mage = 18.21 years, SD = 2.92, range: 14 to 24 years, 66 % female) are presented. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a fourfactor structure (factors affective, behavioral, physiological and impairment). Further analyses revealed significant associations between climate anxiety, gender, age, pro-environmental behavior, and awareness of climate change, thus aligning with previous research. The findings suggest that the GCAS-A is a valid and internally consistent tool for assessing climate anxiety in adolescents. This study highlights the importance of investigating climate anxiety in adolescents. Future research should focus on exploring the generalizability and validity of the scale across more diverse samples and on analyses of direction of effects in longitudinal studies.

Recommendations for Teachers How to Support Young People Coping with Climate Change Climate change poses a major threat to current and future generations. Even the indirect experience via media can trigger stress in young people. The social environment can strengthen young people's resilience to cope with climate change and their climate emotions. In the context of a qualitative interview study, six adolescents were asked about their climate emotions and coping strategies as well as about the influence of their social environment. Hereupon, recommendations for teachers to support their students in building appropriate coping strategies were developed. This article examines them in more detail. To conclude, teachers can support their students in coping with climate change by acting as positive role models, educating about climate change, providing opportunities for action, as well as validating their student ´s climate emotions and creating spaces for conversations.

Supporting Young People in Social Crisis Situations - Taking Joint Responsibility for the Mental Health of Children and Young Adolescents Children and young people are particularly affected by socio-ecological crises in several ways. They are more easily harmed by their effects, they are also less able to cope with the effects, which potentially increases the damage, they are dependent on adults and institutions and they often look at what is happening in the world with greater concern. Particularly vulnerable are adolescents who do not have a stable family system, children and young people who have experienced flight, and young people who are less well included in society due to poverty or other factors. In times of increasing social and global crises with repercussions right on the doorstep, schools and other social institutions are therefore important stabilizing institutions. This article is aimed at institutions and individuals who work with children and young people and sheds light on how they can support children and young people.

Child and Adolescent Health in the Context of Planetary Health Due to various physiological, developmental, and behavioral factors, children and adolescents are particularly affected by the health effects of the planetary crises (climate change, pollution, and loss of biodiversity). In particular, climate change affects child health and development through direct (e. g., heat) and indirect effects (e. g., mental health). Against this background, the concept of planetary health is particularly important, since it builds on the concept of nine planetary boundaries that are considered a safe operating space for human existence. Planetary health describes the relationships between human health with the natural, political, economic, and social systems of the earth, which form the basis for human health. As a result, an intact natural environment is a basic requirement for a healthy life for the population of our planet. This review shows how this concept can help to further develop prevention, health promotion and health care in order to ensure adaptation to the changing conditions ("adaptation") and at the same time to weaken climate change ("mitigation"). Applications in the field of teaching, patient training and community health are presented. In the future, climatesensitive health counseling in particular can play a role in the future to support the individual health and that of the planet ("co-benefits").