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Mitigating Financing Constraints on Investment: Ownership and Transparency in Russia 缓解投资融资约束:俄罗斯的所有权和透明度
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2022-3-434
Anna Grosman
This study examines the impact of transparency and disclosure scores on fixed investment within the unique context of the Russian capital market. I find that transparency has a positive and significant impact on fixed investment. However, state-owned enterprises are more sensitive than oligarch-owned enterprises to improved transparency. I find robust evidence that greater transparency of financially constrained firms positively affects investment. Transparency, therefore, is a valid mechanism for reducing financing constraints on investment.
本研究考察了在俄罗斯资本市场的独特背景下,透明度和披露分数对固定投资的影响。我发现透明度对固定投资有显著的积极影响。然而,与寡头企业相比,国有企业对提高透明度更为敏感。我发现强有力的证据表明,财务受限的公司提高透明度会对投资产生积极影响。因此,透明度是减少对投资的融资限制的有效机制。
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引用次数: 2
Organizational design in export framed by product strategy and firm characteristics: a descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive analysis 产品策略和企业特征框架下的出口组织设计:描述性、预测性和规范性分析
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2022-3-382
Predrag Radojevic, Tomislav Sudarević, Dragana Došenović, A. Bošković
The purpose of this paper is to research how core product standardization/adaptation and firm characteristics may frame organizational design in exporting. The aim is to outline organizational design for optimal export performance and note that wrong organizational design may prevent effectiveness and success, despite how good the chosen strategy is. To achieve the above mentioned, empirical research grounded on positivist paradigm, quantitative approach, and survey techniques with descriptive, predictive and prescriptive analysis was employed, following well-known business principle that organizational structure follows strategy. Obtained findings indicate that organizational design may be framed on three parameters: standardization as an export marketing strategy for core products, firm size, and capital ownership. Those variables and their sub-levels are used for indicating prescriptions for organizational configuration, complexity, formalization, centralization, coordination and control, and suitable approach in international management depending on main export destination.
本文的目的是研究核心产品的标准化/适应性和企业特征如何影响出口企业的组织设计。其目的是概述最佳出口绩效的组织设计,并注意到错误的组织设计可能会阻碍效率和成功,尽管所选择的策略有多好。为了实现上述目标,我们采用了实证主义范式、定量方法和描述性、预测性和规范性分析的调查技术为基础的实证研究,遵循了众所周知的商业原则,即组织结构遵循战略。所获得的研究结果表明,组织设计可以基于三个参数:作为核心产品出口营销策略的标准化、公司规模和资本所有权。利用这些变量及其子层次,对组织结构、复杂性、正规化、集中化、协调控制等方面的规定,以及根据主要出口目的地的不同进行国际管理的适当方式进行说明。
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引用次数: 0
Anticipating the impact of sharing economy drivers on consumer intention for using a sharing economy service 预测共享经济驱动因素对消费者使用共享经济服务意愿的影响
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2022-2-233
Tanja Živojinović, Nikola Zornić
This paper explores main drivers that influence consumers’ decision related to the usage of a sharing economy service: trust, interaction, and experience. These three driving forces are put together in the functional form in order to explore its synergy influence on potential consumers’ interest in SES. The theoretical contribution of the paper is reflected in the design of the original simulation model for predicting the number of potential sharing economy users. Our findings and qualitative cluster analysis provide an insight into the behaviour of sharing economy customers which might help sharing economy providers to thoroughly analyse target users in order to meet their preferences. The proposed approach is tested through a small-scale experiment for the peer-to-peer carsharing service.
本文探讨了影响消费者使用共享经济服务决策的主要驱动因素:信任、互动和体验。本文将这三种驱动力以功能形式放在一起,探讨其对潜在消费者SES兴趣的协同影响。本文的理论贡献体现在设计了预测共享经济潜在用户数量的原始仿真模型。我们的研究结果和定性聚类分析提供了对共享经济客户行为的洞察,这可能有助于共享经济提供商彻底分析目标用户,以满足他们的偏好。通过点对点汽车共享服务的小规模实验对所提出的方法进行了测试。
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引用次数: 0
CFO and CEO Characteristics and Managerial Accounting Techniques (MAT’s) Usage: An Upper-Echelons Perspective 首席财务官和首席执行官的特点和管理会计技术(MAT)的使用:一个上层视角
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2022-2-348
Vlora Berisha,Iliriana Miftari
This research examines the relationship between the individual characteristics of the CEO/CFO and the usage of management accounting techniques (MATs). The essence of Upper Echelons Theory (UET) states that top management characteristics can influence the prediction of organizational outcomes. Based on this statement, we hypothesize that CFO/CEO education, experience and the participation of accountants in the processes of strategic decision making are important determinants in the use of MATs. The analysis of MATs was done based on the IFAC (1998) study, by dividing all MATs into four stages: Stage I: Cost determination and financial control (5 units); Stage II: Information on managerial planning and control (8 units); Stage III: Reduction of waste in business resources (4 units); and Stage IV: Creation of value through effective resource use (9 units). Our empirical analysis is based on a survey of 154 small, medium, and large-sized Kosovar manufacturing enterprises. A Chi-squared test, regression analysis, t-test, and determination coefficients are used for the evaluation of the models performed, as well as to prove the importance of the factors and testing the hypotheses raised in the study. The results of the study showed that the experience of CFO and CEO expressed in years had a positive relationship with the frequency of MATs usage, with the exception of the MATs for the fourth Stage, meaning that the less experienced the executive and financial director, the more frequent the use of the MATs of the fourth Stage. Executive and financial directors of business, economics, and engineering fields tend to use MATs of the second, third, and fourth Stage, compared with those in other fields. Positive connections for the estimated coefficients showed that the higher the involvement of accountants in strategic decision-making processes, the more frequent the use of managerial accounting techniques of Stages I, II, II and IV.
本研究考察了CEO/CFO的个人特征与管理会计技术(MATs)的使用之间的关系。上层梯队理论(UET)的本质是,高层管理者的特征会影响对组织结果的预测。基于这一陈述,我们假设CFO/CEO的教育、经验和会计师在战略决策过程中的参与是使用MATs的重要决定因素。根据国际会计联合会(IFAC)(1998年)的研究,对MATs进行了分析,将所有MATs分为四个阶段:第一阶段:成本确定和财务控制(5个单位);第二阶段:关于管理规划和控制的资料(8个单位);第三阶段:减少商业资源浪费(4个单位);第四阶段:通过有效利用资源创造价值(9个单元)。我们的实证分析是基于对154家小型、中型和大型科索沃制造企业的调查。使用卡方检验、回归分析、t检验和决定系数来评估所执行的模型,以及证明因素的重要性和检验研究中提出的假设。研究结果表明,CFO和CEO以年为单位表达的经验与MATs使用频率呈正相关关系,但第四阶段的MATs除外,这意味着高管和财务总监的经验越少,第四阶段的MATs使用频率越高。与其他领域相比,经济、经济、工程领域的常务理事和财务理事更倾向于使用第二、第三、第四阶段的mat。估计系数之间的正联系表明,会计人员参与战略决策过程的程度越高,就越经常使用第一、第二、第二和第四阶段的管理会计技术。
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引用次数: 1
Communication management in industrial clusters: an attempt to capture its contribution to the cluster’s success 产业集群中的通信管理:试图捕捉其对集群成功的贡献
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2022-2-179
Ágnes Borgulya, Gábor Balogh, Ákos Jarjabka
This study discusses internal communication within industrial clusters. The basic research question is whether there is a correspondence between the success of a cluster and the communication practices of its management. Our aim was to explore these practices both between the management organization of a cluster and the clustered firms and also among the cluster members themselves. After a thorough literature review of cluster communication, qualitative approach was applied using case studies and 28 interviews in three distinctive clusters in Southwest Hungary. Two of the three clusters consider themselves successful, whilst one cluster sees itself less effective. In the two successful ones, cluster managements are able to manage communication effectively and ensure that communication supports their goals and the implementation of their strategies. In these cases, communication management organization planned and established all dimensions of the communication consciously: channels, content, frequency, way and style of communication, all of which have an impact on trust. The research is linked to corporate communication theories, social identity theory, psychology and management. The paper fills a gap in the research of internal cluster communication. The findings also have useful implications regarding the practice of cluster management and communication.
本研究探讨产业集群内部沟通。研究的基本问题是集群的成功与其管理的沟通实践之间是否存在对应关系。我们的目的是探索集群管理组织与集群企业之间以及集群成员之间的这些实践。在对集群传播进行彻底的文献回顾之后,定性方法在匈牙利西南部的三个不同集群中应用了案例研究和28个访谈。三组中有两组认为自己是成功的,而一组认为自己效率较低。在两个成功的集群管理中,集群管理能够有效地管理通信,并确保通信支持其目标和策略的实现。在这些案例中,沟通管理组织有意识地规划和建立了沟通的各个维度:沟通的渠道、内容、频率、方式和风格,这些都对信任产生影响。该研究涉及企业沟通理论、社会认同理论、心理学和管理学。本文填补了集群内部通信研究的空白。这些发现对集群管理和通信的实践也有有益的启示。
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引用次数: 1
Willingness to buy US products in three Southeast European countries: The effects of cognitive, affective and conative components of country-of-origin image 东南欧三国购买美国产品的意愿:原产国形象的认知、情感和内涵成分的影响
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2022-3-487
N. Iversen, Leif E. Hem, U. Olsson
The objective of this research is to present results from a survey conducted in Croatia, Serbia, and Bosnia-Herzegovina, addressing the negative influence of warfare by USA upon consumer behavior in the region. The results show that perceptions generated from USA’s general country image influence consumers’ intentions to buy American-made products. Furthermore, country “goodwill” and “bad-will” create cognitive and affective ambivalence, which concurrently promote and hamper consumers’ willingness to buy foreign products. Facets of USA’s general country image create mixed emotions, which influence approach and avoidance behavior towards US imports. USA’s country image concurrently impacts product-specific perceptions, ethnocentric tendencies, animosity, and admiration/affinity, influencing the propensity to buy American-made products among consumers in Croatia, Serbia, and Bosnia-Herzegovina.
本研究的目的是展示在克罗地亚、塞尔维亚和波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那进行的一项调查的结果,解决美国战争对该地区消费者行为的负面影响。结果表明,美国总体国家形象产生的认知影响了消费者购买美国产品的意愿。此外,国家“善意”和“坏意愿”造成认知和情感上的矛盾心理,这同时促进和阻碍了消费者购买外国产品的意愿。美国整体国家形象的各个方面造成了复杂的情绪,这影响了对美国进口商品的接近和回避行为。美国的国家形象同时影响着特定产品的感知、种族中心主义倾向、敌意和钦佩/亲和力,影响着克罗地亚、塞尔维亚和波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那消费者购买美国产品的倾向。
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引用次数: 0
Human error management approach in practice: the use of HERCA tool for a systematic analysis of human errors 实践中的人为错误管理方法:利用HERCA工具对人为错误进行系统的分析
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2022-4-637
Silvia Tomić, M. Lazarević, L. Grubić-Nešić, D. Lalic, Jelena Kanjuh
In recent years, human errors have been perceived as circumstances contributing to the organizational learning process. On the other hand, as inevitable products of human performance, human errors have been cited as a factor with a high impact on various types of losses for organizations. To reduce the negative consequences of human errors and increase the potential of their positive impact, it is of tremendous importance for organizations to manage them. This study applied the Human Error Root Cause Analysis (HERCA) tool to analyze human errors and their real causes. Based on the literature review, additional parameters were identified and included in data collection to increase the quality of the data collection phase as a crucial step for understanding the circumstances that led to an error. Research for this study was conducted on a sample of 176 human errors in a floor-producing company.
近年来,人为错误已被视为有助于组织学习过程的环境。另一方面,作为人类行为的不可避免的产物,人为错误被认为是对组织的各种损失有很大影响的因素。为了减少人为错误的负面后果,并增加其潜在的积极影响,组织管理它们是非常重要的。本研究应用人为错误根本原因分析(HERCA)工具分析人为错误及其真正原因。在文献综述的基础上,确定了其他参数并将其包含在数据收集中,以提高数据收集阶段的质量,作为理解导致错误的情况的关键步骤。本研究的研究是在一家地板生产公司的176个人为错误样本上进行的。
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引用次数: 0
The influence of organizational culture and leadership on workplace bullying in organizations in Serbia 塞尔维亚组织文化和领导对职场欺凌的影响
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2022-3-519
S. Stankov, E. Brtka, Jasmina Poštin, Tatjana Ilić-Kosanović, M. Nikolić
This paper presents the results of research into the influence and predictive effects of organizational culture and leadership (transformational, transactional and ethical leadership) on workplace bullying and mistreatment in organizations in Serbia. The moderating effect of company success on the observed relationships was also examined. The data were obtained through a survey of 536 respondents (employed by organizations in Serbia). Ethical and transformational leadership, as well as organizational culture with pronounced human orientation and in-group collectivism have all been shown to reduce workplace bullying. The strong power of ethical leadership in these processes is particularly emphasized. In contrast, transactional leadership, high power distance, and unrealistic insistence on achieving superior results increase the chances of workplace bullying. In doing so, high performance expectations have a greater effect on work-related bullying, and power distance on person-related bullying. The dimensions related to high performances and rewards have a complex, sometimes contradictory impact on workplace bullying. Organizational culture and leadership have a much stronger impact on workplace bullying in high success companies than in low success companies.
本文介绍了塞尔维亚组织文化和领导(变革型领导、交易型领导和伦理型领导)对工作场所欺凌和虐待的影响和预测效果的研究结果。公司成功对观察到的关系的调节作用也进行了检验。这些数据是通过对536名答复者(受雇于塞尔维亚各组织)的调查获得的。道德和变革型领导,以及以人为本和群体内集体主义的组织文化都被证明可以减少职场欺凌。特别强调在这些过程中道德领导的强大力量。相反,交易型领导、高权力距离以及对取得优异结果的不切实际的坚持增加了职场欺凌的机会。因此,高绩效期望对与工作相关的欺凌有更大的影响,而权力距离对与个人相关的欺凌有更大的影响。与高绩效和奖励相关的维度对职场欺凌有着复杂的、有时是相互矛盾的影响。在高成功公司中,组织文化和领导力对职场欺凌的影响比在低成功公司中要大得多。
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引用次数: 0
Can job crafting be a remedy for struggling with work alienation? The moderator effect of perceived supervisor support 制作工作能成为解决工作疏离感的良方吗?感知上司支持的调节作用
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2022-1-64
Esra Aydın, Esra Çınar, H. N. Basim
Drawing on self-determination theory, this study focuses on the relationship between job crafting and work alienation and the moderating effect of perceived supervisor support. Based on theoretical discussions, this study examines (1) whether a negative relationship exists between job crafting and work alienation; (2) whether and how perceived supervisor support moderates that relationship. Findings are based on the data collected from a survey of 203 participants working in Turkey. The results indicate job crafting’s negative association with work alienation. Perceived supervisor support is a moderating variable, fostering employee job crafting that, in turn, leads to reduced work alienation.
本研究以自我决定理论为基础,探讨工作制作与工作疏离感的关系,以及感知上司支持的调节作用。在理论探讨的基础上,本研究考察了(1)工作制作与工作异化之间是否存在负向关系;(2)感知上司支持是否以及如何调节这种关系。调查结果基于对203名在土耳其工作的参与者进行的调查收集的数据。结果表明,工作塑造与工作疏离感呈负相关。感知到的主管支持是一个调节变量,它促进了员工的工作创造,从而减少了工作异化。
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引用次数: 1
The Relevance of Soft Skills for Entrepreneurs 软技能与企业家的相关性
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2022-1-157
F. Almeida, V. Devedzic
This study explores the relevance of different soft skills for entrepreneurs, focusing on entrepreneurs from Portugal and Serbia. The study identifies a total of 38 soft skills from the European Entrepreneurship Skills Framework (EntreComp) and employs a quantitative methodology in the analysis of data collected from a questionnaire completed by entrepreneurs from these two countries. The findings reveal that soft skills competencies play a key role in the entrepreneur's activity, highlighting emotional intelligence, resilience, and persistence as fundamental attributes that an entrepreneur should possess. Furthermore, the respondents' answers have revealed notable differences in their perception of the importance of a majority of soft skills (27 out of 38 skills), which indicates that an entrepreneur's geographic area is a relevant factor in the perception of the relative importance of soft skills.
本研究以葡萄牙和塞尔维亚的企业家为研究对象,探讨了不同软技能对企业家的相关性。该研究从欧洲创业技能框架(EntreComp)中确定了总共38项软技能,并采用定量方法分析了从这两个国家的企业家完成的问卷调查中收集的数据。研究结果表明,软技能能力在企业家的活动中起着关键作用,突出了企业家应该具备的情商、适应力和毅力等基本属性。此外,受访者的回答揭示了他们对大多数软技能(38项技能中的27项)重要性的看法的显着差异,这表明企业家的地理区域是对软技能相对重要性的看法的相关因素。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Journal of East European Management Studies
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