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The Covid-19 crisis and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Serbia: responsive strategies and significance of the government measures 新冠肺炎危机与塞尔维亚中小企业:应对战略和政府措施的意义
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2022-3-404
Zorica Aničić, Blagoje Paunović
This paper investigates SMEs’ responses to the COVID-19 crisis and the significance of specific government support measures for overcoming the crisis effects. The results show that SMEs have mostly implemented retrenchment and persevering strategies, whereas innovation and exit strategies were less used, as well as that the strategy selection depends on both the severity of the COVID-19 impact on individual business segments and SME specificities. Additionally, the analysis reveals that, from the SMEs’ perspective, not all the future government measures are equally significant for recovery. Therefore, in creating an optimum measure package to support SMEs, governments must consider multiple criteria. The SMEs’ responses, as well as the significance of specific government measures, vary depending on the characteristics of SMEs and the magnitude of COVID-19 effects on specific business aspects.
本文考察了中小企业应对新冠肺炎危机的情况,以及政府具体支持措施对克服危机影响的意义。结果表明,中小企业大多实施了紧缩和坚持战略,而创新和退出战略的使用较少,并且战略选择取决于新冠肺炎对单个业务部门的影响程度和中小企业的具体情况。此外,分析表明,从中小企业的角度来看,并不是所有未来的政府措施都对复苏同样重要。因此,在制定支持中小企业的最佳一揽子措施时,政府必须考虑多个标准。中小企业的反应,以及具体政府措施的重要性,取决于中小企业的特点和新冠疫情对具体业务方面的影响程度。
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引用次数: 0
Business group affiliation and financial performance in the agricultural sector of transition economies: The case of Russian agroholdings 转型经济体农业部门的商业集团隶属关系和财务绩效:以俄罗斯农业控股公司为例
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2022-2-280
A. Tleubayev, I. Bobojonov, T. Gagalyuk, T. Glauben
The Russian agri-food sector illustrated remarkable progress over the last decade. Still, the Russian government is striving to boost production even further and has set a number of goals for the industry for the coming years. Agroholdings are believed to be the main engine not only behind the success of the industry in recent years, but they are also expected to play a key role in moving the sector towards the set targets. In spite of their increasing role, the literature on agroholdings is still in its infancy and it fails to provide a clear answer on whether they represent a more efficient form of agri-food production. To fill this gap in the literature, we utilise a manually collected panel data set of 203 corporate Russian agri-food enterprises for the years between 2012 and 2017 and provide new empirical evidence on the effects of agroholding affiliation on firms’ financial performance, measured in terms of returns on assets and sales. The results of the random effects model indicate a significant positive impact of agroholding affiliation on financial performance. Further analysis reveals that this positive effect might be attributed to agroholding affiliates’ better access to capital, efficient management and stimulating executive compensation systems. The paper provides empirical recommendations for policy makers and corporate executives involved in the Russian agri-food industry.
俄罗斯农业食品部门在过去十年中取得了显著进展。尽管如此,俄罗斯政府仍在努力进一步提高产量,并为该行业未来几年设定了一系列目标。据信,农业控股公司不仅是近年来该行业成功背后的主要引擎,而且在推动该行业实现既定目标方面也将发挥关键作用。尽管它们的作用越来越大,但关于农业控股的文献仍处于起步阶段,它未能就它们是否代表一种更有效的农业食品生产形式提供明确的答案。为了填补文献中的这一空白,我们利用2012年至2017年期间手工收集的203家俄罗斯农业食品企业面板数据集,并提供新的经验证据,证明农业控股对企业财务绩效的影响,以资产和销售回报来衡量。随机效应模型的结果表明,农牧联属关系对财务绩效有显著的正向影响。进一步分析表明,这种积极影响可能归因于农业控股子公司更好地获得资金、有效的管理和激励高管薪酬制度。本文为俄罗斯农业食品行业的决策者和企业高管提供了实证建议。
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引用次数: 1
Public Administration Ethics in the Czech Republic 捷克共和国的公共行政伦理学
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2022-2-210
M. Bohatá, A. Putnova, M. Rašticová, Pavel Seknicka, Monika Szurmanova, Andrea Cebáková
This article introduces the results of the first survey of Czech civil servants specifically targeting the domain of public ethics. The survey serves a double purpose: to provide data relevant for the development of a tailor-made ethics training programme for public officials, and to answer two research questions: (1) What are the main factors influencing the core values in Czech public administration? (2) Does the existence of ethics resources contribute to an improved ethical climate in the Czech public administration as perceived by public officials? The findings show that an ethical code is the most widespread, but often the only, ethics instrument implemented in Czech public administration and that the code is not used effectively. The results also confirm a positive but weak influence of the number of ethics resources on the perception of the existence of ethical problems, and a slight direct correlation between a higher number of resources and the perception of positive ethics development in the workplace. No support is found for the assertion that the more ethics resources are used by the organisation, the greater is the importance of the organisational culture for decision-making. This empirical research illustrates that - unlike in other countries of the former Eastern Bloc - ethics has been a low-priority agenda in Czech public administration and that enhancing ethical standards, and thus increasing citizens’ trust in public services, will be a long-term process. Leadership and leading by example, alongside ethics education and training, are the avenues to pursue.
本文介绍了捷克公务员专门针对公共伦理领域的第一次调查的结果。这项调查有双重目的:提供与为公职人员制定量身定制的道德培训方案有关的数据,并回答两个研究问题:(1)影响捷克公共行政核心价值观的主要因素是什么?(2)道德资源的存在是否有助于改善公职人员所认为的捷克公共行政中的道德气氛?调查结果表明,道德守则是捷克公共行政中使用最广泛的,但往往是唯一的道德工具,但该守则没有得到有效使用。研究结果还证实了道德资源数量对道德问题存在的感知存在积极但微弱的影响,并且更多的资源数量与工作场所积极道德发展的感知之间存在轻微的直接相关。组织使用的道德资源越多,组织文化对决策的重要性就越大,这一论断没有得到支持。这项实证研究表明,与前东欧集团其他国家不同,道德在捷克公共行政中一直是一个低优先议程,提高道德标准从而增加公民对公共服务的信任将是一个长期过程。领导和以身作则,以及道德教育和培训是追求的途径。
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引用次数: 1
Factors of Athletes’ Work Engagement in South-East European Basketball Teams 东南欧篮球队运动员工作投入的影响因素
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2022-4-612
Igor Ivašković, Tomaž Čater
The purpose of this paper is to examine how human resource management (HRM) quality and cohesion in post-transitional South-East European basketball teams influence athletes’ work engagement and their contribution to their team’s performance. The model was tested with structural equation modelling on a sample of 559 basketball athletes from four South-East European countries. The results show that the perceived quality of HRM directly affects the level of athletes’ work engagement, but does not directly affect the perception of cohesion or the self-reported contribution to the team’s performance. However, athletes’ work engagement mediates the effects of the HRM and cohesion on their contribution to their team’s performance. The study’s main contribution is the finding that work engagement in the context of basketball teams from post-transitional South-East European countries represents a mediator through which HRM can affect an individual athlete’s performance.
本文的目的是研究人力资源管理(HRM)的质量和凝聚力如何在转型后的东南欧篮球队影响运动员的工作投入和他们的贡献,他们的球队的表现。采用结构方程模型对来自东南欧四个国家的559名篮球运动员进行了测试。结果表明,人力资源管理感知质量直接影响运动员的工作投入水平,但不直接影响凝聚力感知和自我报告对团队绩效的贡献。然而,运动员的工作投入在人力资源管理和凝聚力对其团队绩效贡献的影响中起中介作用。该研究的主要贡献在于发现,在转型后的东南欧国家篮球队的背景下,工作投入是人力资源管理影响运动员个人表现的中介。
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引用次数: 0
Coronavirus crisis challenges and HR responses – Hungary 2020 – framework of domestic research 冠状病毒危机挑战和人力资源应对——匈牙利2020年——国内研究框架
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2022-3-552
B. Pató
The coronavirus pandemic has posed significant challenges to the economy within a short period. The paper deals with the relationship between the pandemic and HR management, the labour market consequences of the epidemic, and draws parallels between the current situation and the 2008–2009 downturn regarding crisis management. The paper focuses on the authors' field research, in which the effects of the pandemic on HR are analysed from three perspectives, thereby helping Hungarian managers and HR employees in the processes mentioned above. Three specific topics are addressed in this paper: first, we review international management and HR experiences related to the pandemic, and then we do the same for those in Hungary. These reviews are followed by our own empirical research on the topic. During the first wave of the pandemic, organizational behaviour was rather dominated by pessimism; however, it was also found that solutions previously considered to be impossible by management (e.g. home office, currently used across the globe) also became widespread.
冠状病毒大流行在短时间内对经济构成了重大挑战。该文件论述了疫情与人力资源管理之间的关系、疫情对劳动力市场的影响,并在危机管理方面将当前形势与2008-2009年经济衰退相提并论。本文着重于作者的实地研究,从三个角度分析了大流行对人力资源的影响,从而帮助匈牙利经理和人力资源员工在上述过程中。本文讨论了三个具体主题:首先,我们回顾了与大流行有关的国际管理和人力资源经验,然后我们对匈牙利的管理和人力资源经验进行了同样的研究。这些评论之后是我们自己对这个主题的实证研究。在大流行的第一波期间,组织行为相当受悲观主义支配;然而,也发现以前被管理层认为不可能的解决方案(例如,目前在全球范围内使用的家庭办公室)也变得普遍。
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引用次数: 4
Editorial Statistics 2021 编辑统计
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2022-1-8
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引用次数: 0
Comparing Polish and Iranian Women’s Silence in a University Setting 比较波兰和伊朗女性在大学环境中的沉默
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2022-4-731
Leila Lotfi Dehkharghani, Yaghoob Maharati, J. Menzies, Donna Bridges
The silencing of women in academia is associated with a range of employment inequities. In societies where gender inequality is high women are more likely to experience a range of gender issues at work. This research note provides insights on a comparative study investigating women’s silence in Poland and Iran. The study offers novel insight into the significance of the sociocultural and political context as a factor impacting the silence of academic women. By analysing two different countries in terms of politics, religion and culture we bring new insights into the implications of silence for women.
女性在学术界的沉默与一系列就业不平等有关。在性别不平等严重的社会中,女性更有可能在工作中遇到一系列性别问题。这份研究报告提供了对波兰和伊朗妇女沉默的比较研究的见解。该研究对社会文化和政治背景作为影响学术女性沉默的因素的重要性提供了新颖的见解。通过分析两个不同国家在政治、宗教和文化方面的差异,我们对沉默对女性的影响有了新的认识。
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引用次数: 1
Family Business Institutionalisation: Impact on binancial Performance in an emerging Economy 家族企业制度化:对新兴经济体财务绩效的影响
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-03-23 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2021-1-147
Özgür Atılgan
Despite institutionalisation having a potential impact on the financial performance of public family businesses in an emerging economy, attempts to measure it at the organisational level have been rare. In this context, drawing on old institutional theory, in this study, institutionalisation is addressed as a multidimensional construct that comprises formalisation, professionalisation, transparency, accountability, fairness and responsibility. Moreover, the impact of institutionalisation on financial performance is examined based on profitability ratios. Applying data obtained from 150 public family businesses in the 2011-2015 period, the results demonstrate that the institutionalisation level and board size have a positive significant effect on return on equity (ROE), while the firm size, board size and the percentage of independent members of the board have a positive significant effect on the return on assets (ROA).
尽管制度化对新兴经济体中上市家族企业的财务表现有潜在影响,但在组织层面衡量这种影响的尝试却很少。在这种背景下,借鉴旧的制度理论,在本研究中,制度化被视为一个多维结构,包括正规化、专业化、透明度、问责制、公平和责任。此外,基于盈利能力比率,研究了制度化对财务绩效的影响。利用2011-2015年150家上市家族企业的数据,结果表明,制度化水平和董事会规模对净资产收益率(ROE)有显著的正影响,而公司规模、董事会规模和独立董事比例对资产收益率(ROA)有显著的正影响。
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引用次数: 1
Key success factors of engineering company (Case of Czech engineering industry) 工程企业成功的关键因素(以捷克工程行业为例)
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-03-23 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2021-1-73
L. Kubíčková, Barbora Chudá
The definition of a successful company is not uniform in the scientific literature, and the determinants of a company’s success can vary from one business sector to another. Based on a study of 16 Czech engineering companies, this paper defines the success of an engineering company as a state when the company achieves the satisfaction and stability of external and internal interest groups (especially employees), contributing to its healthy development, technological expansion and long-term sustainability through marketable products or services and sufficient resources to finance that state. This definition is consistent with the results of studies such as Fortune and White (2006), Zarina et al. (2014), Arcić (2018), Mahanti (2018) or Amuda-Yusuf (2018). In the Czech engineering environment, marketing can generally be considered a key factor, and within the marketing mix, pricing policy and especially product. The breadth and depth of the products provided and their high quality also play a significant role. Furthermore, human resources are a key factor in the success of the Czech engineering company, where the emphasis is placed on the stability and loyalty of employees and their positive attitude to work, and research, development and innovation are mentioned as another key success factor. Surprisingly, financial factors were not listed as the main determinants of success.
在科学文献中,成功公司的定义并不统一,公司成功的决定因素可能因业务部门而异。本文通过对捷克16家工程公司的研究,将工程公司的成功定义为这样一种状态,即公司通过适销对路的产品或服务和充足的资源来实现外部和内部利益群体(尤其是员工)的满意和稳定,从而有助于公司的健康发展、技术扩张和长期可持续发展。这一定义与Fortune and White(2006)、Zarina et al.(2014)、arciki(2018)、Mahanti(2018)或Amuda-Yusuf(2018)等研究的结果一致。在捷克的工程环境中,营销通常可以被认为是一个关键因素,在营销组合中,定价政策,特别是产品。所提供产品的广度和深度及其高质量也起着重要作用。此外,人力资源是捷克工程公司成功的关键因素,捷克工程公司强调员工的稳定性和忠诚度以及他们积极的工作态度,研究、开发和创新是另一个关键的成功因素。令人惊讶的是,经济因素并没有被列为成功的主要决定因素。
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引用次数: 1
Perceived justice and service recovery satisfaction in a post-transition economy 转轨后经济中的感知公正与服务恢复满意度
IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-03-23 DOI: 10.5771/0949-6181-2021-1-10
Petar Gidaković, Barbara Čater
This paper aims to improve the understanding of outcomes of service recovery in a post-transition context by examining the relationships between four dimensions of perceived justice and service recovery satisfaction (SRS), positive word of mouth (PWOM) and repurchase intentions. Results from a survey of 217 Slovenian telecommunications customers with actual recovery experiences reveal that distributive, informational and interpersonal (but not procedural) justice are positively related to SRS, which acts as a mediator between these three justice dimensions and repurchase intentions and PWOM. Further analysis indicates that duration of customer-firm relationship negatively moderates the link between interpersonal justice and SRS. These findings provide a theoretical explanation of inconsistent findings in previous studies regarding the importance of interactional justice. For managers, our findings indicate that service providers should always pay attention to providing fair compensation, truthful information and fair interpersonal treatment to complainants, while the interpersonal treatment during service recovery matters even more to customers whose relationships with the provider are in the development phase.
本文旨在通过考察感知公正与服务恢复满意度(SRS)、积极口碑(PWOM)和再购买意愿四个维度之间的关系,提高对转型后服务恢复结果的理解。对217名斯洛文尼亚电信客户的调查结果显示,分配公平、信息公平和人际公平(而非程序公平)与回购意愿呈正相关,并在这三个公平维度与回购意愿和PWOM之间起中介作用。进一步的分析表明,客户-公司关系持续时间负向调节人际公平与SRS之间的关系。这些发现为以往关于互动公平重要性的研究结果不一致提供了理论解释。对于管理者而言,我们的研究结果表明,服务提供者应始终注意为投诉人提供公平的补偿、真实的信息和公平的人际待遇,而服务恢复过程中的人际待遇对于与服务提供者关系处于发展阶段的客户更为重要。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Journal of East European Management Studies
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