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Trust & Distrust: Corruption in Office in Britain and its Empire 1600-1850 信任与不信任:1600-1850年英国及其帝国的腐败
IF 0.6 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/14780038.2023.2189413
Ben Gilding
sovereignty’ (p. 165); Hubbard suggests that whilst at sea, the Company still needed to foster positive relations with its sailors (p. 176) – for which nationhood was a tool (p. 203). The most pertinent part of the chapter, however, is the establishment of non-English actors as ‘critical observers’ (p. 242) as Hubbard explores how, for the sake of trade and indeed safety, English seafarers engaged in ‘performing Englishness’ (p. 206). ‘Sailors and the State’ acts as the book’s de facto conclusion, discussing how England’s state ‘did indeed value its seafaring subjects’ (p. 241), developing a mutually beneficial relationship. At its core, this is a discussion of naval manning, and fostering ‘nurseries’ of sailors (p. 250). Hubbard uses the lenient courts to represent the state, drawing on work by G.F. Steckley for the purpose. As an illustration of the ‘vexed transition from a freewheeling, predatory mode [. . .] to a more disciplined commercial and colonial orientation’ (p. 276), Englishmen at Sea is remarkably successful. There are some gaps; for example, little attention is paid to the subsets of identity which may be contained within that of the English seafarer. A brief nod in Chapter 7 to differing experiences of ‘deep-sea sailors’ (p. 252) and ‘coastal fishermen’ (p. 268) shows that this does not entirely escape Hubbard’s notice, but the nuances of maritime labour and cultures are sacrificed in favour of a more homogenised English seafaring identity. This extends to terminology, with role terms like ‘sailor’, ‘mariner’, and ‘seaman’ used near-interchangeably. An exploration of different labour roles within this broader, nascent seafaring ‘Englishness’ would be of benefit – but overall, Hubbard’s thorough research, strong emphasis on social history, and eye for the historical experience gives strong foundation for the work’s broader arguments regarding national identity.
主权’(第165页);Hubbard认为,在海上,公司仍然需要与水手建立积极的关系(第176页)——国家地位是一种工具(第203页)。然而,本章最相关的部分是将非英国行为者确立为“批判性观察者”(第242页),哈伯德探讨了为了贸易和安全,英国海员如何从事“表演英语”(第206页)《水手与国家》作为本书事实上的结论,讨论了英国国家如何“确实重视其航海科目”(第241页),发展了互利关系。其核心是关于海军人员配备和培养水手“托儿所”的讨论(第250页)。哈伯德利用宽大的法院来代表国家,并为此借鉴了G.F.Steckley的工作。作为“从自由、掠夺模式[…]到更严格的商业和殖民取向的艰难转变”(第276页)的例证,《海上英国人》取得了显著的成功。存在一些差距;例如,很少注意可能包含在英国海员的身份中的身份子集。在第7章中,对“深海水手”(第252页)和“沿海渔民”(第268页)的不同经历进行了简短的点头,表明这并没有完全逃过哈伯德的注意,但为了更同质化的英国航海身份,牺牲了海上劳动和文化的细微差别。这延伸到术语,“水手”、“水手”和“海员”等角色术语几乎可以互换使用。在这种更广泛、新生的航海“英国性”中探索不同的劳工角色将是有益的——但总的来说,哈伯德的深入研究、对社会历史的高度重视以及对历史经验的关注为这部作品关于国家认同的更广泛论点奠定了坚实的基础。
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引用次数: 1
Victims of Fashion: Animal Commodities in Victorian Britain, 时尚的受害者:维多利亚时代英国的动物商品,
IF 0.6 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-03-14 DOI: 10.1080/14780038.2023.2189420
Peter Yeandle
Emily Rutherford (emily.rutherford@ccc.ox.ac.uk) is a Junior Research Fellow at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, where she teaches modern British and LGBTQ+ history. She is writing a book about coeducation in British universities and the invention of the hetero/homo binary in early twentieth century Britain. Her articles have previously appeared in the Journal of the History of Ideas, Journal of British Studies, and Twentieth Century British History.
艾米丽·卢瑟福(emily.rutherford@ccc.ox.ac.uk)是牛津科珀斯克里斯蒂学院的初级研究员,教授现代英国和LGBTQ+历史。她正在写一本关于英国大学男女同校的书,以及20世纪初英国异性恋/同性恋二元制的发明。她的文章曾发表在《思想史杂志》、《英国研究杂志》和《二十世纪英国史》上。
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引用次数: 0
Coffeehouse Culture in the Atlantic World, 1650-1789, 大西洋世界的咖啡馆文化,1650-1789,
IF 0.6 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-03-12 DOI: 10.1080/14780038.2023.2189414
Simon Smith
studies ranging from the American colonies, the Caribbean, Africa, and India, the treatment of each is quite uneven and seemingly comes at the cost of a more wholistic treatment of ‘Britain’ itself. There is very little discussion of Scotland and Wales and the question of Ireland’s place within the empire and its incorporation into the domestic state after 1801 goes almost unnoticed. This seems something of a missed opportunity in a work discussing the interconnections between the domestic and imperial, particularly if one considers the extent to which the British state relied on the Irish establishment for the provision of pensions and sinecures. Readers of this journal will no doubt be pleased with the very broad conception of corruption adopted by Knights. Not only does he pay a substantial amount of attention to the religious and moral origins of the term and their continued resonance, he also highlights the extent to which discussions of corruption were both shaped by and helped to shape broader cultural conventions, such as the division between public and private and the ways in which officeholding and its emoluments were bound up in what Paul Langford called the ‘propertied mind’ of the eighteenth-century British elite. In Trust & Distrust, Knights has produced a work of significant importance and breadth, one which deserves to be read by historians and non-historians alike with an interest in the politics and culture of early modern Britain and its empire.
从美国殖民地、加勒比海、非洲和印度的研究来看,每一项研究的处理都相当不均衡,似乎是以对“英国”本身进行更全面的处理为代价的。关于苏格兰和威尔士的讨论很少,爱尔兰在帝国中的地位及其在1801年后并入国内的问题几乎没有被注意到。在一部讨论国内和帝国之间相互联系的作品中,这似乎错过了一个机会,尤其是如果考虑到英国政府在多大程度上依赖爱尔兰政府提供养老金和闲职的话。毫无疑问,这本杂志的读者会对Knights采用的非常宽泛的腐败概念感到满意。他不仅对这个词的宗教和道德起源及其持续的共鸣给予了大量关注,还强调了腐败问题的讨论在多大程度上受到了更广泛的文化习俗的影响,并有助于形成更广泛的传统,比如公共和私人之间的划分,以及职位及其薪酬与保罗·兰福德所说的18世纪英国精英的“财产头脑”之间的联系。在《信任与不信任》一书中,奈特创作了一部具有重要意义和广度的作品,值得对现代早期英国及其帝国的政治和文化感兴趣的历史学家和非历史学家阅读。
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引用次数: 0
The Culture of Male Beauty in Britain: From the First Photographs to David Beckham 英国的男性美文化:从第一张照片到大卫·贝克汉姆
IF 0.6 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-03-12 DOI: 10.1080/14780038.2023.2189419
Emily Rutherford
tions and judgements on the man’s moral standing and the circumstances surrounding his life’s end. Hence, the book reveals much about journalistic framing and the nature of nineteenth-century society itself. Galpin acknowledges that her departure from broad sociological survey approaches risks overlooking changing attitudes across the century, and the book does tend to skim over fluctuating attitudes across an expansive time period. Nonetheless, Male Suicide and Masculinity in 19-Century Britain provides a thorough, and important, exploration of the socio-cultural circumstances that encouraged men to consider taking their own life, and the centrality of gender to how we should understand suicide.
对一个人的道德地位和围绕他生命终结的环境的判断和判断。因此,这本书揭示了许多关于新闻框架和19世纪社会本身的本质。Galpin承认,她偏离了广泛的社会学调查方法,有可能忽视整个世纪不断变化的态度,而这本书确实倾向于浏览在一个漫长的时间段内波动的态度。尽管如此,《19世纪英国的男性自杀与男性气概》对鼓励男性考虑自杀的社会文化环境以及性别在我们如何理解自杀中的中心地位进行了彻底而重要的探索。
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引用次数: 0
‘Primitive, Antique, and Modern’: An Exhibition of Music in Interwar Sydney and the ‘Australian’ Music Question “原始、古老和现代”:两次世界大战期间悉尼的音乐展览和“澳大利亚”音乐问题
IF 0.6 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.1080/14780038.2023.2179746
Sarah Kirby
ABSTRACT In 1933, the city of Sydney hosted the first dedicated musical exhibition in Australia. Showcasing historic instruments, manuscripts, and ephemera in the settler-colonial society of Australia, this exhibition raised uncomfortable questions about the nation’s history. This article explores the exhibition in the context of contemporary musical culture and collecting practices, arguing that this event physically manifests ongoing debates about the formation of Australian social and cultural identity. Its displays demonstrate both a desire for connection with European traditions and an increasing awareness of Australia’s position in the Pacific and white Australia’s relationship with First Nations people and culture.
摘要1933年,悉尼市举办了澳大利亚第一个专门的音乐展。本次展览展示了澳大利亚定居者殖民社会的历史乐器、手稿和星历,对该国的历史提出了令人不安的问题。本文在当代音乐文化和收藏实践的背景下探讨了此次展览,认为这一事件在物理上体现了关于澳大利亚社会和文化身份形成的持续争论。它的展示既表明了与欧洲传统联系的愿望,也表明了人们对澳大利亚在太平洋地区的地位以及澳大利亚白人与原住民和文化关系的日益认识。
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引用次数: 0
Living Humanitarian Dreams: The Oneiric and Spiritual Life and Activism of Elizabeth Wilson (1909–2000) 活的人道主义梦想:伊丽莎白·威尔逊(1909-2000)的经验主义、精神生活和激进主义
IF 0.6 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-01-25 DOI: 10.1080/14780038.2022.2161806
B. Taithe, Adam H Millar
ABSTRACT This article examines the diaries, autobiographies and dream journals of Elizabeth Wilson (1909-2000), founder of Huddersfield Famine Relief Committee (Hudfam), long-term activist of CND and member of Oxfam. Taken together with her journalism for the local press and for Hudfam and Oxfam publications, her activism and writings cover the period between 1942 and 1999. Using the historiography and the sociology of emotions and dreams this article proposes to analyse afresh the spiritual grounding of localised humanitarian work and internationalism. By considering together her humanitarian work, her pacifist activism and her subsequent humanitarian work both at home and abroad this article can then engage with the manner in which dreamwork and dream analysis brought together the different strands of her activism rooted in spiritualism.
本文考察了哈德斯菲尔德饥荒救济委员会(Hudfam)的创始人、长期的CND活动家和乐施会成员伊丽莎白·威尔逊(Elizabeth Wilson, 1909-2000)的日记、自传和梦境日记。加上她为当地媒体、Hudfam和乐施会出版的新闻报道,她的行动主义和著作涵盖了1942年至1999年这段时间。本文拟运用历史学和情感与梦社会学的方法,重新分析地方人道主义工作和国际主义的精神基础。通过综合考虑她的人道主义工作,她的和平主义行动以及她随后在国内外的人道主义工作,本文可以探讨梦工作和梦分析将她根植于唯心论的不同行动结合在一起的方式。
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引用次数: 0
Celebrity Humanitarianism in the 1920s: Australian Women at the League of Nations 20世纪20年代的名人人道主义:国际联盟的澳大利亚妇女
IF 0.6 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-01-22 DOI: 10.1080/14780038.2023.2170523
J. Damousi
ABSTRACT In this article, I characterise the reception Australian women who attended the League of Nations as a form of celebrity status. While there has been increasing interest in the League and women’s role within it, many of these women have rarely been discussed extensively in League accounts. The media was keen to project an exotic aura around participating in the League; these women actively shaped this profile and publicity. I explore how the work of the League was transplanted beyond Geneva and consider new methods of humanitarian advocacy in localised contexts such as that of celebrity humanitarianism.
摘要在这篇文章中,我将参加国际联盟的澳大利亚女性受到的欢迎描述为一种名人身份。虽然人们对联盟及其妇女在联盟中的作用越来越感兴趣,但这些妇女中的许多人很少在联盟的报道中得到广泛讨论。媒体热衷于为参加联赛营造一种异国情调;这些女性积极塑造了这种形象和宣传。我探讨了该联盟的工作是如何移植到日内瓦以外的地方的,并考虑了在当地背景下进行人道主义宣传的新方法,比如名人人道主义。
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引用次数: 0
Mediating Cultural Memory in Britain and Ireland from the 1688 Revolution to the 1745 Jacobite Rising 从1688年革命到1745年詹姆斯二世党人起义,英国和爱尔兰的文化记忆调解
IF 0.6 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/14780038.2023.2172932
Tony Claydon
to be met with a denial and the authorities were more interested in evidence of anal sex than in any force and violence they might have suffered. However, an accusation of sodomy was one way in which both apprentices and married women might compensate for the judicial weakness of their position to free themselves from an intolerable situation and in some cases they made false accusations for that purpose. Grassi also sets the records of prosecutions for sodomy in the social and religious context of the time. Lucca was one of the cities most affected by the influence of the reform movement, which from the 1540s led a number of prominent citizens to flee to Geneva. The authorities refrained from exploiting any alleged link between heresy and sodomy, though there were cases where they might have done so. The situation was complicated by the desire of the civic authorities to maintain autonomy in moral and religious matters in the face of papal and episcopal efforts to extend their control and by a reluctance to accept the decrees of the Council of Trent, especially those regarding marriage. They were eventually obliged to do so, and this resulted in a greater reticence in all matters of non-marital sex. Although penalties for sodomy became more severe, there were far fewer prosecutions and most of those concerned male-female relationships. Some of the defendants were reported to have made statements that threatened the social order and were perhaps prosecuted on this basis. This is a rich and nuanced book, ranging far beyond a statistical analysis of its main source in the records Office of Decency. It aims both to present a picture of the realities of life, especially for the humbler sections of society, and also to interpret these in the light of recent researches into queer theory and the history of emotions. It reads well, despite a few misprints and errors. It deserves comparison with Michael Rocke’s Forbidden Friendships or Guido Ruggiero’s The Boundaries of Eros and should join them as classic studies of the realities of non-regular sex in Renaissance Italy.
遭到否认,当局对肛交的证据比对他们可能遭受的任何武力和暴力更感兴趣。然而,对鸡奸的指控是学徒和已婚妇女弥补其司法弱势的一种方式,以使自己摆脱无法容忍的境地,在某些情况下,她们为此目的进行了虚假指控。格拉西还创造了当时社会和宗教背景下对鸡奸的起诉记录。卢卡是受改革运动影响最大的城市之一,从15世纪40年代开始,改革运动导致许多知名公民逃往日内瓦。当局没有利用任何所谓的异端和鸡奸之间的联系,尽管在某些情况下他们可能会这样做。面对教皇和主教扩大控制范围的努力,公民当局希望在道德和宗教事务上保持自主权,并且不愿接受特伦特委员会的法令,尤其是那些关于婚姻的问题。他们最终不得不这样做,这导致他们在所有非婚姻性行为问题上更加沉默。尽管对鸡奸的处罚变得更加严厉,但起诉的次数要少得多,而且大多数都涉及男女关系。据报告,一些被告的言论威胁社会秩序,可能因此受到起诉。这是一本丰富而细致入微的书,远远超出了记录办公室对其主要来源的统计分析。它既旨在呈现生活的现实,特别是对社会中较卑微的阶层,也旨在根据最近对酷儿理论和情感史的研究来解释这些现实。它读起来很好,尽管有一些印刷错误。它值得与迈克尔·罗克(Michael Rocke)的《禁忌的友谊》(Forbidden Friendships)或吉多·鲁杰罗(Guido Ruggiero)的《性爱的边界》(The Boundaries of Eros)进行比较,并应将其作为文艺复兴时期意大利非常规性现实的经典研究。
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引用次数: 1
Dockside Reading: Hydrocolonialism and the Custom House 码头边阅读:水殖民主义与海关
IF 0.6 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/14780038.2023.2172931
A. Burton
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引用次数: 0
The Fires of Lust: Sex in the Middle Ages 欲望之火:中世纪的性
IF 0.6 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/14780038.2023.2172933
Kristen Haas Curtis
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Cultural & Social History
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