Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.1017/s0268416021000072
J. Dyer
Abstract Washerwomen in the Georgian period belonged, for the most part, to the small army of part-time and casual workers who found employment when and where they could. As handlers of one of the most coveted (as well as necessary) commodities of the period they were a focus of interest to a wide range of society and were growing in number as many householders came to rely less on resident domestic servants. Washerwomen were prime players in the ‘economy of makeshifts’, relying on a miscellany of supplementary activities to ‘get by’ and in which they showed both enterprise and agency.
{"title":"Georgian Washerwomen: tales of the tub from the long eighteenth century","authors":"J. Dyer","doi":"10.1017/s0268416021000072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0268416021000072","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Washerwomen in the Georgian period belonged, for the most part, to the small army of part-time and casual workers who found employment when and where they could. As handlers of one of the most coveted (as well as necessary) commodities of the period they were a focus of interest to a wide range of society and were growing in number as many householders came to rely less on resident domestic servants. Washerwomen were prime players in the ‘economy of makeshifts’, relying on a miscellany of supplementary activities to ‘get by’ and in which they showed both enterprise and agency.","PeriodicalId":45309,"journal":{"name":"Continuity and Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0268416021000072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41476808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.1017/S0268416021000084
J. van der Meulen
Abstract This article charts the long-term development of seigneurial governance within the principality of Guelders in the Low Countries. Proceeding from four quantitative cross-sections (c. 1325, 1475, 1540, 1570) of seigneurial lordships, the conclusion is that seigneurial governance remained stable in late medieval Guelders. The central argument is that this persistence of seigneurial governance was an effect of active collaboration between princely administrations, lords, and local communities. Together, the princely government and seigneuries of Guelders formed an integrated, yet polycentric, state. The article thereby challenges the narrative of progressive state centralisation that predominates in the historiography of pre-modern state formation.
{"title":"Seigneurial governance and the state in late medieval Guelders (14th–16th century)","authors":"J. van der Meulen","doi":"10.1017/S0268416021000084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0268416021000084","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article charts the long-term development of seigneurial governance within the principality of Guelders in the Low Countries. Proceeding from four quantitative cross-sections (c. 1325, 1475, 1540, 1570) of seigneurial lordships, the conclusion is that seigneurial governance remained stable in late medieval Guelders. The central argument is that this persistence of seigneurial governance was an effect of active collaboration between princely administrations, lords, and local communities. Together, the princely government and seigneuries of Guelders formed an integrated, yet polycentric, state. The article thereby challenges the narrative of progressive state centralisation that predominates in the historiography of pre-modern state formation.","PeriodicalId":45309,"journal":{"name":"Continuity and Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0268416021000084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44903265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.1017/S0268416021000035
B. Moring
{"title":"Singleness and Abandonment in Rural Society (Spain and Latin America 16th to the 21st century)]","authors":"B. Moring","doi":"10.1017/S0268416021000035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0268416021000035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45309,"journal":{"name":"Continuity and Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0268416021000035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42615232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.1017/s0268416021000011
C. Pooley
Abstract Residential migration is one of the most problematic demographic variables. In Britain there are no sources that routinely record all moves, and the motives behind relocation are rarely recorded. In this paper I argue that the use of life histories can add important depth and clarity to the study of residential moves. The paper focuses on two themes: the ways in which internal and international migration may be linked together over the life course, and the complex mix of reasons why a move may take place. Used sensitively, life histories and life writing can enhance the study of migration history.
{"title":"Using life histories to explore the complexities of internal and international migration","authors":"C. Pooley","doi":"10.1017/s0268416021000011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0268416021000011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Residential migration is one of the most problematic demographic variables. In Britain there are no sources that routinely record all moves, and the motives behind relocation are rarely recorded. In this paper I argue that the use of life histories can add important depth and clarity to the study of residential moves. The paper focuses on two themes: the ways in which internal and international migration may be linked together over the life course, and the complex mix of reasons why a move may take place. Used sensitively, life histories and life writing can enhance the study of migration history.","PeriodicalId":45309,"journal":{"name":"Continuity and Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0268416021000011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44780183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.1017/S0268416021000023
Nicholas Radburn
They analyze household structure and co-residence patterns. They chart the economy of single women and widows using information about occupation, land and house ownership and in some cases even the presence of servants in the household. We are given insights into legal systems affecting inheritance, migration patterns affecting the presence or absence of kin and social stratification and change. The book attempts to compare regional perspectives and a more international perspective, to analyze mechanisms in society related to singleness and question the notion that marriage was a self-evident ideal in traditional Spanishand Portuguese-speaking societies. The background to this ambitious project can be found in several research collaborations, seminars and conferences engaged in the study of households, economy, social development and gender. To tackle all these questions the book presents nine chapters from Spain, covering regions reaching from the north to the south and the east to the west, and eight chapters on Latin America including Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador and Costa Rica. The time span of the chapters stretches from the seventeenth to the twentyfirst century, with many chapters dealing with individual-level data from the eighteenth and nineteenth century. The main sources are censuses, listings, legal documents, court records and fiscal documents, but narrative sources like manuals and literature have also been included. Even with such an extensive number of contributions, naturally the whole of Spain cannot be covered, never mind Latin America. But as the aim has been to include localities presenting a large number of geographic and socioeconomic environments, one must conclude that the representativeness appears satisfactory. The extensive time span also gives the opportunity for a broad-ranging exploration and allows for comparisons between the past and the present. As a conclusion one cannot but agree with the editor that the contributions certainly demonstrate that to be single or widowed, i.e. devoid of a partner, a ‘soltera’ was definitely part of society in the past as it is today.
{"title":"Katie Donington, The bonds of family: Slavery, commerce and culture in the British Atlantic world (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2020). Pages xiii + 320 + figures 18 + family trees 7. £80 hardback, £25.00 paperback.","authors":"Nicholas Radburn","doi":"10.1017/S0268416021000023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0268416021000023","url":null,"abstract":"They analyze household structure and co-residence patterns. They chart the economy of single women and widows using information about occupation, land and house ownership and in some cases even the presence of servants in the household. We are given insights into legal systems affecting inheritance, migration patterns affecting the presence or absence of kin and social stratification and change. The book attempts to compare regional perspectives and a more international perspective, to analyze mechanisms in society related to singleness and question the notion that marriage was a self-evident ideal in traditional Spanishand Portuguese-speaking societies. The background to this ambitious project can be found in several research collaborations, seminars and conferences engaged in the study of households, economy, social development and gender. To tackle all these questions the book presents nine chapters from Spain, covering regions reaching from the north to the south and the east to the west, and eight chapters on Latin America including Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador and Costa Rica. The time span of the chapters stretches from the seventeenth to the twentyfirst century, with many chapters dealing with individual-level data from the eighteenth and nineteenth century. The main sources are censuses, listings, legal documents, court records and fiscal documents, but narrative sources like manuals and literature have also been included. Even with such an extensive number of contributions, naturally the whole of Spain cannot be covered, never mind Latin America. But as the aim has been to include localities presenting a large number of geographic and socioeconomic environments, one must conclude that the representativeness appears satisfactory. The extensive time span also gives the opportunity for a broad-ranging exploration and allows for comparisons between the past and the present. As a conclusion one cannot but agree with the editor that the contributions certainly demonstrate that to be single or widowed, i.e. devoid of a partner, a ‘soltera’ was definitely part of society in the past as it is today.","PeriodicalId":45309,"journal":{"name":"Continuity and Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0268416021000023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46055197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.1017/S0268416021000059
Rebecca Mason
{"title":"Amanda L. Capern, Briony McDonagh and Jennifer Aston (eds)., Women and the Land 1500–1900. People, Markets, Goods: Economies and Societies in History 15 (Woodbridge: Boydell and Brewer, 2019). Pages 309 + figures 7 + tables 16. £25 paperback.","authors":"Rebecca Mason","doi":"10.1017/S0268416021000059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0268416021000059","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45309,"journal":{"name":"Continuity and Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0268416021000059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44141292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.1017/S0268416021000060
Nena Vandeweerdt
Abstract In this article, I compare women's work opportunities in Bilbao, in northern Castile, and Antwerp, in the Low Countries, from 1400 to 1560. I argue that the different organisation of work in the two towns had a great influence on women's economic opportunities. Whereas women in Antwerp often worked alongside other members of their household because of the town's dominant craft guilds, Bilbao's informal trades were open to women on their own, independent of their husband or another male relative. As a result, women in Bilbao are more visible in the sources and were able to exert more influence on the town council.
{"title":"Women, town councils, and the organisation of work in Bilbao and Antwerp: a north-south comparison (1400–1560)","authors":"Nena Vandeweerdt","doi":"10.1017/S0268416021000060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0268416021000060","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this article, I compare women's work opportunities in Bilbao, in northern Castile, and Antwerp, in the Low Countries, from 1400 to 1560. I argue that the different organisation of work in the two towns had a great influence on women's economic opportunities. Whereas women in Antwerp often worked alongside other members of their household because of the town's dominant craft guilds, Bilbao's informal trades were open to women on their own, independent of their husband or another male relative. As a result, women in Bilbao are more visible in the sources and were able to exert more influence on the town council.","PeriodicalId":45309,"journal":{"name":"Continuity and Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0268416021000060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43565886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.1017/S0268416021000096
G. Schwerhoff, Benjamin Seebröker, A. Kästner, Wiebke Voigt
Abstract Over the last decades social scientists have alleged that violence has decreased in Europe since late medieval times. They consider homicide rates a valid indicator for this claim. Thorough source criticism, however, raises serious doubts about the decline thesis having any substantial empirical foundation. Forms and contents of the sources are immensely heterogeneous and a closer look at the alleged richness of the data uncovers remarkable gaps. Furthermore, medieval and early modern population estimates are highly unreliable. Thus, we argue that historical research on violence should return to focus on specific historical constellations, accept the need for painstaking source criticism and pay careful attention to the contexts of violence.
{"title":"Hard numbers? The long-term decline in violence reassessed. Empirical objections and fresh perspectives","authors":"G. Schwerhoff, Benjamin Seebröker, A. Kästner, Wiebke Voigt","doi":"10.1017/S0268416021000096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0268416021000096","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Over the last decades social scientists have alleged that violence has decreased in Europe since late medieval times. They consider homicide rates a valid indicator for this claim. Thorough source criticism, however, raises serious doubts about the decline thesis having any substantial empirical foundation. Forms and contents of the sources are immensely heterogeneous and a closer look at the alleged richness of the data uncovers remarkable gaps. Furthermore, medieval and early modern population estimates are highly unreliable. Thus, we argue that historical research on violence should return to focus on specific historical constellations, accept the need for painstaking source criticism and pay careful attention to the contexts of violence.","PeriodicalId":45309,"journal":{"name":"Continuity and Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0268416021000096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49126040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.1017/s0268416021000114
{"title":"CON volume 36 issue 1 Cover and Back matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s0268416021000114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0268416021000114","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45309,"journal":{"name":"Continuity and Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0268416021000114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45108586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.1017/s0268416020000235
A. Andresen, K. T. Elvbakken
Abstract While Norway in the 1930s had relatively liberal policies with regard to access to contraceptives, and an increasing number of legal abortions were carried out, the regime that was installed after occupation in 1940 reined them in, fuelled not only by Nazi ideology but by what new the regime saw as a most threatening population decrease. With reference to population policies in other West-European countries, this article compares Norwegian population policies under occupation with that of the 1930s, discusses if the policy towards all groups were the same, and the extent to which the new policies contributed to increasing birth rates in occupied Norway.
{"title":"In peace and war: birth control and population policies in Norway (1930–1945)","authors":"A. Andresen, K. T. Elvbakken","doi":"10.1017/s0268416020000235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0268416020000235","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract While Norway in the 1930s had relatively liberal policies with regard to access to contraceptives, and an increasing number of legal abortions were carried out, the regime that was installed after occupation in 1940 reined them in, fuelled not only by Nazi ideology but by what new the regime saw as a most threatening population decrease. With reference to population policies in other West-European countries, this article compares Norwegian population policies under occupation with that of the 1930s, discusses if the policy towards all groups were the same, and the extent to which the new policies contributed to increasing birth rates in occupied Norway.","PeriodicalId":45309,"journal":{"name":"Continuity and Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0268416020000235","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43550684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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