This work presents a new methodology for analysing the conceptual system of a scientific theory over time. Through the application of a quantitative text analysis to a large corpus of conference proceedings from 1997 to 2017, this study offers insight into the development and relationships of concepts within the domain of space syntax as a representative field within urban morphology. The evolution of this specific field is tracked for the first time with the aim of inspiring comparable analyses in other areas of urban morphology and urban studies.
{"title":"Mapping the conceptual system of an urban theory and its evolution: a text analysis of space syntax conference papers over 20 years","authors":"Kimon Krenz, Sophia Psarra, Vinicius M. Netto","doi":"10.51347/um27.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51347/um27.0014","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a new methodology for analysing the conceptual system of a scientific theory over time. Through the application of a quantitative text analysis to a large corpus of conference proceedings from 1997 to 2017, this study offers insight into the development and relationships of concepts within the domain of space syntax as a representative field within urban morphology. The evolution of this specific field is tracked for the first time with the aim of inspiring comparable analyses in other areas of urban morphology and urban studies.","PeriodicalId":45374,"journal":{"name":"URBAN MORPHOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136135682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Isabel López, Rodrigo Herrera, Carolina Arriagada, M. Fernanda Morales, Paulina Carmona
With the global wave of deindustrialization, post- industrial territories have seen local organizations supporting the preservation of industrial heritage. In several cases, these initiatives have met resistance from developers or state- led urban regeneration projects. Using the former textile neighbourhood of Bellavista- Tomé (Chile) as a case study, this paper analyses the combined effect of the site`s morphology and agency of social actors, on the process of changing land use. The methodology used the notion of morphological regions to analyse the neighbourhood’s urban morphology between 1970 and 2019, along with the discourse analysis of semi- structured interviews and secondary data to identify the agency of social actors. The conclusions indicate that, within the neoliberal urban development framework in Chile, the local government has played an ambivalent role regarding the preservation of the industrial fabric. This ambivalence has been greatly influenced by the intrinsic suitability of certain morphological regions for real estate development. The resulting problem threatens the preservation of industrial built legacy and the possibility of promoting urban development while maintaining the local social and cultural identity.
{"title":"Agents of change, power, and resistance in the patterns of change of an industrial heritage district: the case of Bellavista, Chile (1970‒2019)","authors":"M. Isabel López, Rodrigo Herrera, Carolina Arriagada, M. Fernanda Morales, Paulina Carmona","doi":"10.51347/um27.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51347/um27.0013","url":null,"abstract":"With the global wave of deindustrialization, post- industrial territories have seen local organizations supporting the preservation of industrial heritage. In several cases, these initiatives have met resistance from developers or state- led urban regeneration projects. Using the former textile neighbourhood of Bellavista- Tomé (Chile) as a case study, this paper analyses the combined effect of the site`s morphology and agency of social actors, on the process of changing land use. The methodology used the notion of morphological regions to analyse the neighbourhood’s urban morphology between 1970 and 2019, along with the discourse analysis of semi- structured interviews and secondary data to identify the agency of social actors. The conclusions indicate that, within the neoliberal urban development framework in Chile, the local government has played an ambivalent role regarding the preservation of the industrial fabric. This ambivalence has been greatly influenced by the intrinsic suitability of certain morphological regions for real estate development. The resulting problem threatens the preservation of industrial built legacy and the possibility of promoting urban development while maintaining the local social and cultural identity.","PeriodicalId":45374,"journal":{"name":"URBAN MORPHOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136135580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A little prehistory of Urban Morphology","authors":"Terry R. Slater","doi":"10.51347/um27.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51347/um27.0015","url":null,"abstract":"Review Article","PeriodicalId":45374,"journal":{"name":"URBAN MORPHOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136135531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper discusses the state of research on the physical and spatial organization of villages, cities, and agglomerations of the territory of the province of Quebec, Canada. In addition to presenting the key notions of urban morphology opening the way to an in- depth understanding of the mode of structuring of human settlements, the paper uses several case studies to present the methods of analysis used by this field of research to read and characterize the built environments of Quebec. Some of these examples show how morphological knowledge has been developed at multiple scales to contribute to the development of the field. A body of research carried out over more than 30 years presents the first divisions of the territory, the birth of the first towns and villages, the formation of cities and of their outskirts, until the emergence of the first suburbs. Therefore, the paper presents the development of the local research tradition of urban morphology in Quebec, which evolved throughout the 1990s, strongly connected to European morphological schools. The theoretical concepts and the methods aim to offer useful lessons to feed the work of planning, design, and management of the quality and integrity of the built environment of Quebec.
{"title":"Reading and understanding the built environment of Quebec (Canada): the result of thirty years of research","authors":"François Racine","doi":"10.51347/um27.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51347/um27.0011","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the state of research on the physical and spatial organization of villages, cities, and agglomerations of the territory of the province of Quebec, Canada. In addition to presenting the key notions of urban morphology opening the way to an in- depth understanding of the mode of structuring of human settlements, the paper uses several case studies to present the methods of analysis used by this field of research to read and characterize the built environments of Quebec. Some of these examples show how morphological knowledge has been developed at multiple scales to contribute to the development of the field. A body of research carried out over more than 30 years presents the first divisions of the territory, the birth of the first towns and villages, the formation of cities and of their outskirts, until the emergence of the first suburbs. Therefore, the paper presents the development of the local research tradition of urban morphology in Quebec, which evolved throughout the 1990s, strongly connected to European morphological schools. The theoretical concepts and the methods aim to offer useful lessons to feed the work of planning, design, and management of the quality and integrity of the built environment of Quebec.","PeriodicalId":45374,"journal":{"name":"URBAN MORPHOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136136660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Obituary: Christopher Alexander (1936-2022)","authors":"H. Davis, H. Neis","doi":"10.51347/um27.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51347/um27.0004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45374,"journal":{"name":"URBAN MORPHOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45648065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From types to regions: a quantitative approach to the characterization of urban form","authors":"Mariana Pizzo Diniz, M. Berghauser Pont, M. Serra","doi":"10.51347/um27.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51347/um27.0009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45374,"journal":{"name":"URBAN MORPHOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44912256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Berghauser Pont, Jens Forssén, M. Haeger-Eugensson, Andreas Gustafson, Niklas Rosholm
The top two environmental factors adversely affecting human health in Europe are air and noise pollution, with road traffic being the largest source. Urban density plays an important role in reducing car traffic. However, the benefits of reduced emissions per capita can still mean higher emissions locally, because of the number of people in the area. Therefore, this paper investigates how morphological parameters influence the local distribution of noise and air pollution. A parametric approach, based on the Spacematrix method, is used to study the impact of morphological parameters on the distribution of air and noise pollution, controlling for traffic mode, flows and speed. To compare the impact of exposure to noise and air pollution, their respective health burden is calculated using disability- adjusted life years (DALYs). The results, based on 31 models of different forms, show that the degree of openness greatly affects performance with opposite effects for noise and air pollution. Building types with slightly open yards, like open corner blocks, may provide an attractive compromise solution due to their relatively good noise exposure situation at the same time as the dispersion of air pollutants improves. Adding sound absorbing vegetation is an effective measure to mitigate noise, especially for blocks with openings, limiting the propagation of sound into the yard. Further, densification is beneficial for health if the increase in density does not increase traffic volume in the same proportion. Densification by adding towers on a perimeter building block gives the best results for health as it combines a less noisy yard, thanks to the enclosure of the yard with towers, which enhances turbulent mixing of air within the street canyon.
{"title":"Using urban form to increase the capacity of cities to manage noise and air quality","authors":"M. Berghauser Pont, Jens Forssén, M. Haeger-Eugensson, Andreas Gustafson, Niklas Rosholm","doi":"10.51347/um27.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51347/um27.0003","url":null,"abstract":"The top two environmental factors adversely affecting human health in Europe are air and noise pollution, with road traffic being the largest source. Urban density plays an important role in reducing car traffic. However, the benefits of reduced emissions per capita can still mean higher emissions locally, because of the number of people in the area. Therefore, this paper investigates how morphological parameters influence the local distribution of noise and air pollution. A parametric approach, based on the Spacematrix method, is used to study the impact of morphological parameters on the distribution of air and noise pollution, controlling for traffic mode, flows and speed. To compare the impact of exposure to noise and air pollution, their respective health burden is calculated using disability- adjusted life years (DALYs). The results, based on 31 models of different forms, show that the degree of openness greatly affects performance with opposite effects for noise and air pollution. Building types with slightly open yards, like open corner blocks, may provide an attractive compromise solution due to their relatively good noise exposure situation at the same time as the dispersion of air pollutants improves. Adding sound absorbing vegetation is an effective measure to mitigate noise, especially for blocks with openings, limiting the propagation of sound into the yard. Further, densification is beneficial for health if the increase in density does not increase traffic volume in the same proportion. Densification by adding towers on a perimeter building block gives the best results for health as it combines a less noisy yard, thanks to the enclosure of the yard with towers, which enhances turbulent mixing of air within the street canyon.","PeriodicalId":45374,"journal":{"name":"URBAN MORPHOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42912848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The problem of teaching urban morphology and the ISSUM experiment","authors":"G. Strappa","doi":"10.51347/um27.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51347/um27.0007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45374,"journal":{"name":"URBAN MORPHOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49032738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Obituary: Antony D. King (1931-2022)","authors":"P. Larkham","doi":"10.51347/um27.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51347/um27.0005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45374,"journal":{"name":"URBAN MORPHOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46291663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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