Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome最新文献

Background: Obesity is a risk factor not only for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) but also for complications after vascular surgery. This study was to determine the effect of obesity on short-term mortality and post-intervention complications after AAA repair.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed. A systematic search was performed in PubMed; the articles describing the differences in post-intervention complications after open or endovascular repair of an AAA between obese and non-obese patients were selected. The primary outcome was short-term mortality defined as in-hospital mortality or mortality within 30 days after AAA repair. The secondary outcomes were cardiac complications, pulmonary failure, renal failure, and wound infections. The meta-analysis was performed using OpenMeta.

Results: Four articles were included in the meta-analysis; these articles included 35,989 patients of which 10,917 (30.3%) were obese. The meta-analysis showed no significant differences for short-term mortality (odds ratio [OR], 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69-1.04). Also, no significant difference was found in pulmonary failure (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.85-1.42). However, obese patients were less likely to suffer from cardiac complications (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.55-0.96). Nevertheless, there was a significantly higher risk of renal failure (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.05-1.30) and wound infections (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.55-2.38) in obese patients.

Conclusion: Obesity is not a risk factor for short-term mortality after AAA repair compared to non-obesity. Moreover, obese patients suffer less from cardiac complications than non-obese patients.

Background: World Health Organization reports that over 1.9 billion adults are obese. Studies have found that people who reduce their body weight by 5% experience considerable health benefits. Currently, mobile health (mHealth) applications (apps) show effectiveness in body weight reduction. The present study aimed to explore the effectiveness of a popular mHealth app in 5% body weight reduction and to identify factors that affect 5% body weight reduction in obese adults. We investigated the time it took users to achieve 5% body weight reduction according to usage characteristics and factors influencing this period of time.

Methods: This study was a secondary data analysis using data from 23,682 commercial mHealth app users. For analysis, logistic regressions, Kaplan-Meier estimators, log-rank tests, and Cox regressions were used.

Results: Variables in user characteristics including age (odds ratio [OR], 0.976; P<0.001), male (OR, 1.226; P<0.001), initial body mass index (OR, 1.009; P<0.001), frequency of data entry for body weight (OR, 1.004; P<0.001), frequency of exercise (OR, 1.002; P<0.001), and dinner intake (OR, 1.004; P<0.001) made significant contributions in predicting 5% weight reduction in the study cohort. Users who were obese and who more frequently entered their body weight, exercise, and dietary intake data reduced 5% body weight much sooner than other users. Data entry regarding initial body weight (exponentiation of the B coefficient [Exp(B)], 1.002; P<0.001), frequency in body weight entry (Exp(B), 1,001; P<0.001), dinner intake (Exp(B), 1.003; P<0.001), and evening snack intake (Exp(B), 1.001; P<0.001) significantly contributed to predicting the time needed to achieve a 5% body weight reduction in users.

Conclusion: For 5% body weight reduction, mHealth apps are promising tools. Users who frequently monitor their health-related behaviors can expect a 5% reduction in body weight in a short period of time.

Background: One-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is a simpler procedure than Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB); however, biliary reflux can occur and impair outcomes. This study aimed to compare outcomes of OAGB and RYGB.

Methods: Twenty patients with morbid obesity were randomized prospectively into two groups: OAGB (n=10) or RYGB (n=10). Quality of life (36-item short-form health survey [SF-36]), satisfaction (Visick scale), and body mass index (BMI) were evaluated before and 6 months after the operation. All patients underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy with gastric and esophageal mucosal biopsies at 3 and 6 months after their operation.

Results: The study found no significant difference in BMI before surgery (OAGB, 43.2 kg/m²; RYGB, 43.1 kg/m²; P=0.90) or at 6 months postoperative (OAGB, 32.1 kg/m²; RYGB, 31.8 kg/m²; P=0.91). There was no significant difference in improvement of quality of life (four SF-36 domains) or satisfaction (P=0.08) between groups at 6 months. There was no statistical difference between gastric (P=0.10) and esophageal (P=0.76) inflammation grade at three or 6 months between the two groups.

Conclusion: OAGB and RYGB are equally effective in terms of weight loss, patient satisfaction, and quality of life improvement at 6 months after the procedures. Inflammation grade and cellular damage in the gastric pouch and in the esophagus were similar.

Background: Maintenance of proper weight can help protect against chronic diseases. This study investigated the weight control practices of Korean adults and associated factors.

Methods: Secondary data from a nationwide cross-sectional survey of the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2016 to 2018 were analyzed. Subjects were aged 21 to 80 years (n=14,661). The influences of socio-demographic characteristics, health status, health behaviors, and perception of body image on weight control efforts were identified.

Results: Women (odds ratio [OR], 1.191; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.723-2.210), city dwellers (OR, 1.229; 95% CI, 1.097-1.377), those who had a middle school or higher level of education (OR, from 1.281 to 1.525), individuals who perceived themselves to be healthy or in fairly health (OR, from 1.103 to 1.257), those with high blood pressure (OR, 1.244; 95% CI, 1.104-1.401), normal or obese body mass index (BMI; OR from 2.579 to 4.430), non-smokers (OR, 1.373; 95% CI, 1.192-1.582), and those who drank alcohol (OR, 1.174; 95% CI, 1.057-1.305) made more weight loss efforts than other individuals. Regardless of actual BMI, if someone perceived themselves to be obese or normal weight (OR, from 4.324 to 10.884), they made more effort to reduce their weight than those individuals who perceived themselves to be underweight.

Conclusion: Weight control is a positive behavior for people with high BMI. However, those individuals with a normal weight who believe they are obese may require further education. It is also necessary to monitor and address the lack of weight control efforts in rural residents and that there is a need for weight control counseling and support for people with high blood pressure and diabetes. Various related causes should be considered and community-wide efforts be made to support people who need weight control.