Pub Date : 2020-09-11DOI: 10.1080/02703181.2020.1818909
R. Mohammed, A. Basha, Shyam Jungade
Abstract Background and purpose Various factors influence balance and mobility in older people. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) on balance and mobility in Indian Community-Dwelling older people. Design Cross-sectional, observational study. Methods Elderly men (n = 53) and women (n = 47) aged between 65 and 83 years were assessed using Berg balance scale (BBS), functional reach test (FRT), and timed up & go (TUG) test. Participants were categorized into normal weight, overweight, and obese. Results Age was significantly correlated with all the measures (BBS: r = −0.91; FRT: r = −0.46; TUG: r = 0.81). No significant difference was noted among weight groups in all the measures. Gender differences were found in BBS (p = 0.048) and FRT (p < 0.0001), but not found in TUG (p = 0.14). Conclusion BMI had no influence on balance and mobility. Age was significantly correlated with all the measures. Gender differences were found in balance, but not in mobility.
{"title":"Influence of Age, Gender, and Body Mass Index on Balance and Mobility Performance in Indian Community-Dwelling Older People","authors":"R. Mohammed, A. Basha, Shyam Jungade","doi":"10.1080/02703181.2020.1818909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02703181.2020.1818909","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background and purpose Various factors influence balance and mobility in older people. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) on balance and mobility in Indian Community-Dwelling older people. Design Cross-sectional, observational study. Methods Elderly men (n = 53) and women (n = 47) aged between 65 and 83 years were assessed using Berg balance scale (BBS), functional reach test (FRT), and timed up & go (TUG) test. Participants were categorized into normal weight, overweight, and obese. Results Age was significantly correlated with all the measures (BBS: r = −0.91; FRT: r = −0.46; TUG: r = 0.81). No significant difference was noted among weight groups in all the measures. Gender differences were found in BBS (p = 0.048) and FRT (p < 0.0001), but not found in TUG (p = 0.14). Conclusion BMI had no influence on balance and mobility. Age was significantly correlated with all the measures. Gender differences were found in balance, but not in mobility.","PeriodicalId":45387,"journal":{"name":"PHYSICAL & OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN GERIATRICS","volume":"39 1","pages":"144 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02703181.2020.1818909","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45150425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-24DOI: 10.1080/02703181.2020.1809601
B. M. Moura, C. Ruas, F. Diefenthaeler
Abstract Aims By using different series of linear mixed models we investigated the influence of muscle strength gains on functional capacity (FC) improvements in older adults following resistance training (RT). Methods: Eleven healthy older adults performed a 12-week non-linear periodization leg press RT program. Leg press one-repetition maximum (1-RM), quadriceps and hamstrings concentric (Qcon and Hcon) and eccentric peak torque (PT), and FC tests (30-s, timed-up and go [TUG], stair ascent and descent) were measured before and after RT. Results: Every one-unit change in 1-RM led to 3.38 unit change in 30-s, −0.67 unit change in TUG, −0.93 unit change in stair ascent and −0.75 unit change in stair descent, and every one-unit change in Qcon and Hcon PT led to −0.46 and −0.84 unit changes in stair ascent (p < 0.005). Conclusions: Our detailed analyses provide evidence that strength-specific gains positively influence movement-specific FC improvements in older adults following RT.
{"title":"Influence of Muscle Strength Gains on Functional Capacity Improvements following Resistance Training in Older Adults: A Linear Mixed Model Approach","authors":"B. M. Moura, C. Ruas, F. Diefenthaeler","doi":"10.1080/02703181.2020.1809601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02703181.2020.1809601","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aims By using different series of linear mixed models we investigated the influence of muscle strength gains on functional capacity (FC) improvements in older adults following resistance training (RT). Methods: Eleven healthy older adults performed a 12-week non-linear periodization leg press RT program. Leg press one-repetition maximum (1-RM), quadriceps and hamstrings concentric (Qcon and Hcon) and eccentric peak torque (PT), and FC tests (30-s, timed-up and go [TUG], stair ascent and descent) were measured before and after RT. Results: Every one-unit change in 1-RM led to 3.38 unit change in 30-s, −0.67 unit change in TUG, −0.93 unit change in stair ascent and −0.75 unit change in stair descent, and every one-unit change in Qcon and Hcon PT led to −0.46 and −0.84 unit changes in stair ascent (p < 0.005). Conclusions: Our detailed analyses provide evidence that strength-specific gains positively influence movement-specific FC improvements in older adults following RT.","PeriodicalId":45387,"journal":{"name":"PHYSICAL & OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN GERIATRICS","volume":"39 1","pages":"113 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02703181.2020.1809601","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46201653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-24DOI: 10.1080/02703181.2020.1809602
Matúš Krčmár, N. Halmová, J. Krajčovič, B. Krčmárová
Abstract Aims The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 12-week strength training, and 3 months of detraining on physical fitness, body composition, and quality of life. Methods: Twenty women underwent assessments pre- and post-training, and after cessation of training. The measurements included waist-to-hip ratio, muscle mass, fat mass, leg press and seated row strength, functional fitness (SFT), and quality of life physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS). Results: Significant interaction (p < 0.01) was found in all tests except for the PCS. The subjects in the EX group significantly improved in all tests (p < 0.01) from pre- to post-training. However, during the detraining, strength, SFT, and MSC significantly worsened from post- to detraining (p < 0.01). Body composition, except for muscle mass, remained unchanged. Conclusions: It seems that body composition persists for prolonged times, compared to performance characteristics. However, the results should be interpreted with caution, because improvements in body composition had small effects (g = ∼0.20–0.32).
{"title":"Muscular Strength, Functional Fitness, Body Composition, and Quality of Life after 12 Weeks of Detraining in Older Females","authors":"Matúš Krčmár, N. Halmová, J. Krajčovič, B. Krčmárová","doi":"10.1080/02703181.2020.1809602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02703181.2020.1809602","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aims The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 12-week strength training, and 3 months of detraining on physical fitness, body composition, and quality of life. Methods: Twenty women underwent assessments pre- and post-training, and after cessation of training. The measurements included waist-to-hip ratio, muscle mass, fat mass, leg press and seated row strength, functional fitness (SFT), and quality of life physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS). Results: Significant interaction (p < 0.01) was found in all tests except for the PCS. The subjects in the EX group significantly improved in all tests (p < 0.01) from pre- to post-training. However, during the detraining, strength, SFT, and MSC significantly worsened from post- to detraining (p < 0.01). Body composition, except for muscle mass, remained unchanged. Conclusions: It seems that body composition persists for prolonged times, compared to performance characteristics. However, the results should be interpreted with caution, because improvements in body composition had small effects (g = ∼0.20–0.32).","PeriodicalId":45387,"journal":{"name":"PHYSICAL & OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN GERIATRICS","volume":"39 1","pages":"129 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02703181.2020.1809602","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42380692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-22DOI: 10.1080/02703181.2020.1806424
C. Ziebart, J. Macdermid, P. Bobos, Rochelle Furtado, Sara MacDermid-Watts, D. Bryant, Mike Szekeres, N. Suh
Abstract Aims Fall hazards identification and reduction is an important component of falls prevention. The purpose of this review is to describe the literature on fall hazards identification in older adults, characterize how it is delivered, and identify any gaps in knowledge. Method CINHAL, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and PsychINFO were used to identify articles. Studies were selected to describe: 1) theoretical strategies related to fall hazards identification, 2) the nature of interventions, and 3) the use in community contexts. Results A total of 35 articles were identified spanning from 1994 to 2019. Fall hazards identification was most commonly used to reduce the risk of falls in community-dwelling older adults, focusing largely of fall reduction in the home, facilitated by occupational therapists and researchers. Conclusion Establishing a clear definition of fall hazards, and developing a theoretical framework to facilitate program implementation should advance fall hazards identification.
{"title":"Fall Hazard Identification: A Scoping Review","authors":"C. Ziebart, J. Macdermid, P. Bobos, Rochelle Furtado, Sara MacDermid-Watts, D. Bryant, Mike Szekeres, N. Suh","doi":"10.1080/02703181.2020.1806424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02703181.2020.1806424","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aims Fall hazards identification and reduction is an important component of falls prevention. The purpose of this review is to describe the literature on fall hazards identification in older adults, characterize how it is delivered, and identify any gaps in knowledge. Method CINHAL, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and PsychINFO were used to identify articles. Studies were selected to describe: 1) theoretical strategies related to fall hazards identification, 2) the nature of interventions, and 3) the use in community contexts. Results A total of 35 articles were identified spanning from 1994 to 2019. Fall hazards identification was most commonly used to reduce the risk of falls in community-dwelling older adults, focusing largely of fall reduction in the home, facilitated by occupational therapists and researchers. Conclusion Establishing a clear definition of fall hazards, and developing a theoretical framework to facilitate program implementation should advance fall hazards identification.","PeriodicalId":45387,"journal":{"name":"PHYSICAL & OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN GERIATRICS","volume":"39 1","pages":"96 - 111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02703181.2020.1806424","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43280905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-28DOI: 10.1080/02703181.2020.1800159
T. Hansen, J. Thomassen, L. E. Jensen, Maja Rosenkrands Irgens, A. Kjaersgaard
Abstract Aim To describe the development of a dysphagia management intervention for elders with sarcopenic oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD). Methods The intervention development was guided by the UK Medical Research Council framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions. The steps included identification of the problem theory, the evidence base, the theory underpinning the intervention, the expected change mechanisms and a first draft of an intervention manual. This involved literature reviews and involvement of stakeholders, experts, and members of the target group. Results A manualized client-centered and activity-based intervention that integrates functional resistance training of skills essential for a safe and efficient swallowing during ingestion of daily meals was developed for elders with sarcopenic OD. The intervention is informed by occupational therapy theory, self-determination theory, motor learning and affordance theory, and international standards for OD diets. Conclusion The development steps resulted in a multicomponent intervention ready for feasibility testing before examining intervention efficacy.
{"title":"Development of an Intervention for Improving Ingestion in Elders with Oropharyngeal Dysphagia","authors":"T. Hansen, J. Thomassen, L. E. Jensen, Maja Rosenkrands Irgens, A. Kjaersgaard","doi":"10.1080/02703181.2020.1800159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02703181.2020.1800159","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aim To describe the development of a dysphagia management intervention for elders with sarcopenic oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD). Methods The intervention development was guided by the UK Medical Research Council framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions. The steps included identification of the problem theory, the evidence base, the theory underpinning the intervention, the expected change mechanisms and a first draft of an intervention manual. This involved literature reviews and involvement of stakeholders, experts, and members of the target group. Results A manualized client-centered and activity-based intervention that integrates functional resistance training of skills essential for a safe and efficient swallowing during ingestion of daily meals was developed for elders with sarcopenic OD. The intervention is informed by occupational therapy theory, self-determination theory, motor learning and affordance theory, and international standards for OD diets. Conclusion The development steps resulted in a multicomponent intervention ready for feasibility testing before examining intervention efficacy.","PeriodicalId":45387,"journal":{"name":"PHYSICAL & OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN GERIATRICS","volume":"39 1","pages":"70 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02703181.2020.1800159","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47766197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-04DOI: 10.1080/02703181.2020.1788691
Elsa M. Orellano-Colón, Nelly Abdalla-Mukhaimer, Bryan A. Rodríguez-Ramos, Rebecca Rodríguez-Robles, M. Rivero‐Méndez, Mauricio Lizama-Troncoso, J. Jutai, I. Jimenez-Velazquez, N. Varas-Díaz, Deanna Hallman-Navarro
Abstract Aims To gain a deep understanding of the person, environment, and occupation-related self-management strategies used to overcome disabilities in daily living activities. Methods In this concurrent transformative mixed method design guided by the Person, Environment, Occupation-Performance Model we assessed 12 older women functional disabilities using the PROMIS Physical Function Short Form 20, followed by in-depth interviews about their strategies for dealing with these disabilities. Results The sample’s PROMIS mean T-score was below the national average. The sample predominantly used occupation-related strategies to overcome difficulties in daily living activities and these strategies were moderated by personal and cultural factors such as psychological and spirituality. The most frequently used strategy for self-care and instrumental activities of daily living were changing the method of performance and activity pacing for functional mobility. Conclusions The strategies used by these participants can be used for the development of disability self-management interventions to increase Hispanic woman’s function.
{"title":"Self-Management Strategies Used by Older Hispanic Women to Overcome Functional Disabilities","authors":"Elsa M. Orellano-Colón, Nelly Abdalla-Mukhaimer, Bryan A. Rodríguez-Ramos, Rebecca Rodríguez-Robles, M. Rivero‐Méndez, Mauricio Lizama-Troncoso, J. Jutai, I. Jimenez-Velazquez, N. Varas-Díaz, Deanna Hallman-Navarro","doi":"10.1080/02703181.2020.1788691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02703181.2020.1788691","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aims To gain a deep understanding of the person, environment, and occupation-related self-management strategies used to overcome disabilities in daily living activities. Methods In this concurrent transformative mixed method design guided by the Person, Environment, Occupation-Performance Model we assessed 12 older women functional disabilities using the PROMIS Physical Function Short Form 20, followed by in-depth interviews about their strategies for dealing with these disabilities. Results The sample’s PROMIS mean T-score was below the national average. The sample predominantly used occupation-related strategies to overcome difficulties in daily living activities and these strategies were moderated by personal and cultural factors such as psychological and spirituality. The most frequently used strategy for self-care and instrumental activities of daily living were changing the method of performance and activity pacing for functional mobility. Conclusions The strategies used by these participants can be used for the development of disability self-management interventions to increase Hispanic woman’s function.","PeriodicalId":45387,"journal":{"name":"PHYSICAL & OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN GERIATRICS","volume":"39 1","pages":"41 - 69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02703181.2020.1788691","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43228794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-03DOI: 10.1080/02703181.2020.1788690
Fernanda de Mattos, G. Pereira, P. Bento
Abstract Aims To verify the effects of aquatic exercises performed with high-speed movement on physical function, muscle function, and quality of life of older women with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods This was a single-group experimental study with double pretest and a post-test. Dependent outcomes were assessed three times: 4 weeks before the intervention (pretest one), before the intervention (pretest two) and 16 weeks after (post-test). Women aged from 60 years with KOA (n = 12) participated in an aquatic exercise program during 16 weeks. Results Outcomes did not change from pretest one to two. After the intervention, there were improvements in knee extensor strength (11%) and power (15.6 to 16.2%), and knee flexor power (40.7%). Performance of mobility (9.2%), strength (10.1%), aerobic capacity (13.2%) tests also improved. Participants’ perceived quality of life related to KOA symptoms also increased. Conclusions This intervention approach is feasible, effective, and safe for older women with KOA. Trial registration: RBR-7ZCGDD (http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-7zcgdd/).
{"title":"Water-Based Exercises Performed with High-Speed Movement Improves Strength and Physical Function in Older Women with Knee Osteoarthritis","authors":"Fernanda de Mattos, G. Pereira, P. Bento","doi":"10.1080/02703181.2020.1788690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02703181.2020.1788690","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aims To verify the effects of aquatic exercises performed with high-speed movement on physical function, muscle function, and quality of life of older women with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods This was a single-group experimental study with double pretest and a post-test. Dependent outcomes were assessed three times: 4 weeks before the intervention (pretest one), before the intervention (pretest two) and 16 weeks after (post-test). Women aged from 60 years with KOA (n = 12) participated in an aquatic exercise program during 16 weeks. Results Outcomes did not change from pretest one to two. After the intervention, there were improvements in knee extensor strength (11%) and power (15.6 to 16.2%), and knee flexor power (40.7%). Performance of mobility (9.2%), strength (10.1%), aerobic capacity (13.2%) tests also improved. Participants’ perceived quality of life related to KOA symptoms also increased. Conclusions This intervention approach is feasible, effective, and safe for older women with KOA. Trial registration: RBR-7ZCGDD (http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-7zcgdd/).","PeriodicalId":45387,"journal":{"name":"PHYSICAL & OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN GERIATRICS","volume":"39 1","pages":"22 - 40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02703181.2020.1788690","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48478683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/02703181.2020.1786906
E. Vieira, L. Richard, R. D. da Silva
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and it became a worldwide pandemic. COVID-19 is highly infectious with an estimated basic reproductive number (R0) of 2.2 new cases/infected person. This rapid transmission required extensive social distancing measures to be put in place. In many cases, even non-emergency health care has been avoided, including physical and occupational therapy. The social distancing guidelines, reduced rehabilitation access, and decreased physical activity experienced by older adults as a result of the pandemic will likely exacerbate this population’s mobility impairments, deconditioning and frailty. In addition, the resulting effects on those who have been infected and recovered can be long lasting and compound the decline in physical and respiratory function. These are challenging times, but it also offers opportunity for reflection and growth. We need to rethink our practice to overcome the challenges imposed by the current pandemic and consider future ones. Physical and Occupational Therapists (P&OTs) have somewhat underutilized technologies available for distance rehabilitation, and the possibilities they provide us to expand on our ideal in-person treatments using telehealth and other online platforms such as Zoom and Skype, and integrate rehabilitation activities into everyday life through Telerehabilitation. Expanding the use of this treatment delivery medium has never been as critical as during the current times. The use of online consulting and care by P&OTs is particularly important when attending to the needs of older adults because they are at increased risk of complications due to COVID 19 and other infections. The most severe cases and mortality occur in the older and frail population because they have high levels of chronic multimorbidity. Approximately 45% of deaths in the U.S. due to COVID-19 occurred in long-term care facilities. These deaths highlight the vulnerability of institutionalized older adults, the challenges, and the systematic failures of the healthcare system. The expansion on the ways P&OTs do assessments and treatments, by further using online and telehealth technologies, can also benefit older adults in rural communities an in those with low accessibility to health care services. Many issues need to be resolved, including practice laws and regulations, insurance reimbursements for online care, treatment modalities, integration of reliable and valid testing apps and wearables, internet connectivity issues, digital literacy, and effective online treatment procedures and programs. We look forward to participate in these discussions and to review manuscripts submitted to P&OTinGeri related to these issues. We also need to discuss the importance for older people to get moving and staying active during the COVID-19 quarantine or pandemic. Some clinical recommendations are explored here from a knowledge transfer context and for education purposes for older po
{"title":"Perspectives on Research and Health Practice in Physical and Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics during and Post COVID-19","authors":"E. Vieira, L. Richard, R. D. da Silva","doi":"10.1080/02703181.2020.1786906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02703181.2020.1786906","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and it became a worldwide pandemic. COVID-19 is highly infectious with an estimated basic reproductive number (R0) of 2.2 new cases/infected person. This rapid transmission required extensive social distancing measures to be put in place. In many cases, even non-emergency health care has been avoided, including physical and occupational therapy. The social distancing guidelines, reduced rehabilitation access, and decreased physical activity experienced by older adults as a result of the pandemic will likely exacerbate this population’s mobility impairments, deconditioning and frailty. In addition, the resulting effects on those who have been infected and recovered can be long lasting and compound the decline in physical and respiratory function. These are challenging times, but it also offers opportunity for reflection and growth. We need to rethink our practice to overcome the challenges imposed by the current pandemic and consider future ones. Physical and Occupational Therapists (P&OTs) have somewhat underutilized technologies available for distance rehabilitation, and the possibilities they provide us to expand on our ideal in-person treatments using telehealth and other online platforms such as Zoom and Skype, and integrate rehabilitation activities into everyday life through Telerehabilitation. Expanding the use of this treatment delivery medium has never been as critical as during the current times. The use of online consulting and care by P&OTs is particularly important when attending to the needs of older adults because they are at increased risk of complications due to COVID 19 and other infections. The most severe cases and mortality occur in the older and frail population because they have high levels of chronic multimorbidity. Approximately 45% of deaths in the U.S. due to COVID-19 occurred in long-term care facilities. These deaths highlight the vulnerability of institutionalized older adults, the challenges, and the systematic failures of the healthcare system. The expansion on the ways P&OTs do assessments and treatments, by further using online and telehealth technologies, can also benefit older adults in rural communities an in those with low accessibility to health care services. Many issues need to be resolved, including practice laws and regulations, insurance reimbursements for online care, treatment modalities, integration of reliable and valid testing apps and wearables, internet connectivity issues, digital literacy, and effective online treatment procedures and programs. We look forward to participate in these discussions and to review manuscripts submitted to P&OTinGeri related to these issues. We also need to discuss the importance for older people to get moving and staying active during the COVID-19 quarantine or pandemic. Some clinical recommendations are explored here from a knowledge transfer context and for education purposes for older po","PeriodicalId":45387,"journal":{"name":"PHYSICAL & OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN GERIATRICS","volume":"38 1","pages":"199 - 202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02703181.2020.1786906","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42372848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-27DOI: 10.1080/02703181.2020.1769796
Mayara Maciel Batista, Daniel Sepreny Guimarães da Silva, P. Bento
Abstract Aims: This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to verify the effects of Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) on the strength, muscle mass and physical function of older individuals and compare to the exercises program with low and high load. Methods: The search was performed in the databases: Pubmed, Science Direct, Scielo, LILACS, and Google Scholar. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the PEDro Scale. Results: Eight studies were eligible. The strength improvement were from 2.9 to 35.6% (SMD: 0.68; CI: 0.05, 1.32; p < .05), the muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) increased from 3.1 to 8% (SMD 0.47; CI 0.11, 0.82; p < .01), and physical function from 12 to 28% (SMD: −0.15; CI −1.01, 0.70; p > .05). Conclusion: BFR training was effective for increasing strength, muscle mass and physical function in the older adults, presenting the advantage of less mechanical stress, and should be considered as an alternative when traditional training is contraindicated.
{"title":"Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Training on Strength, Muscle Mass and Physical Function in Older Individuals - Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Mayara Maciel Batista, Daniel Sepreny Guimarães da Silva, P. Bento","doi":"10.1080/02703181.2020.1769796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02703181.2020.1769796","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aims: This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to verify the effects of Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) on the strength, muscle mass and physical function of older individuals and compare to the exercises program with low and high load. Methods: The search was performed in the databases: Pubmed, Science Direct, Scielo, LILACS, and Google Scholar. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the PEDro Scale. Results: Eight studies were eligible. The strength improvement were from 2.9 to 35.6% (SMD: 0.68; CI: 0.05, 1.32; p < .05), the muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) increased from 3.1 to 8% (SMD 0.47; CI 0.11, 0.82; p < .01), and physical function from 12 to 28% (SMD: −0.15; CI −1.01, 0.70; p > .05). Conclusion: BFR training was effective for increasing strength, muscle mass and physical function in the older adults, presenting the advantage of less mechanical stress, and should be considered as an alternative when traditional training is contraindicated.","PeriodicalId":45387,"journal":{"name":"PHYSICAL & OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN GERIATRICS","volume":"38 1","pages":"400 - 417"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02703181.2020.1769796","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48867007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-19DOI: 10.1080/02703181.2020.1765943
M. Fisher, N. Kuhlmann, Hugo Moulin, J. Sack, Tania Lazuk, I. Gold
Abstract Aims: This study examined the effects of group improvisational Dance Movement Therapy (DMT) on balance and cognition in people with Parkinson’s disease. Methods: Ten community-dwelling adults (mean age 66 years old) with mid to severe-stage Parkinson’s disease completed a 10-week DMT series with an emphasis on improvisational dance. Results: Following the dance intervention, we found a significant increase in total score on the BESTest measure of balance (t = 2.39, p = <0.0001, pretest = 79.1 ± 2.88% vs. post-test = 92.1 ± 2.18%) as well as a significant increase in the total score on the SCOPA-Cog measure of cognition (t = 2.575, p = 0.0299, pretest = 56.7 ± 3.73% vs. post-test = 62.2 ± 4.43%), particularly in the executive function task. Conclusion: Dance movement therapy with an emphasis on improvisational dance resulted in functional gains in balance and cognition for people with Parkinson’s disease and merits further exploration.
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